%% %% %CopyrightBegin% %% %% Copyright Ericsson AB 2011-2013. All Rights Reserved. %% %% The contents of this file are subject to the Erlang Public License, %% Version 1.1, (the "License"); you may not use this file except in %% compliance with the License. You should have received a copy of the %% Erlang Public License along with this software. If not, it can be %% retrieved online at http://www.erlang.org/. %% %% Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" %% basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See %% the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations %% under the License. %% %% %CopyrightEnd% %% %% Create test certificates -module(erl_make_certs). -include_lib("public_key/include/public_key.hrl"). -export([make_cert/1, gen_rsa/1, verify_signature/3, write_pem/3]). -export([gen_dsa/2, gen_ec/1]). %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- %% @doc Create and return a der encoded certificate %% Option Default %% ------------------------------------------------------- %% digest sha1 %% validity {date(), date() + week()} %% version 3 %% subject [] list of the following content %% {name, Name} %% {email, Email} %% {city, City} %% {state, State} %% {org, Org} %% {org_unit, OrgUnit} %% {country, Country} %% {serial, Serial} %% {title, Title} %% {dnQualifer, DnQ} %% issuer = {Issuer, IssuerKey} true (i.e. a ca cert is created) %% (obs IssuerKey migth be {Key, Password} %% key = KeyFile|KeyBin|rsa|dsa|ec Subject PublicKey rsa, dsa or ec generates key %% %% %% (OBS: The generated keys are for testing only) %% @spec ([{::atom(), ::term()}]) -> {Cert::binary(), Key::binary()} %% @end %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- make_cert(Opts) -> SubjectPrivateKey = get_key(Opts), {TBSCert, IssuerKey} = make_tbs(SubjectPrivateKey, Opts), Cert = public_key:pkix_sign(TBSCert, IssuerKey), true = verify_signature(Cert, IssuerKey, undef), %% verify that the keys where ok {Cert, encode_key(SubjectPrivateKey)}. %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- %% @doc Writes pem files in Dir with FileName ++ ".pem" and FileName ++ "_key.pem" %% @spec (::string(), ::string(), {Cert,Key}) -> ok %% @end %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- write_pem(Dir, FileName, {Cert, Key = {_,_,not_encrypted}}) when is_binary(Cert) -> ok = der_to_pem(filename:join(Dir, FileName ++ ".pem"), [{'Certificate', Cert, not_encrypted}]), ok = der_to_pem(filename:join(Dir, FileName ++ "_key.pem"), [Key]). %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- %% @doc Creates a rsa key (OBS: for testing only) %% the size are in bytes %% @spec (::integer()) -> {::atom(), ::binary(), ::opaque()} %% @end %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- gen_rsa(Size) when is_integer(Size) -> Key = gen_rsa2(Size), {Key, encode_key(Key)}. %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- %% @doc Creates a dsa key (OBS: for testing only) %% the sizes are in bytes %% @spec (::integer()) -> {::atom(), ::binary(), ::opaque()} %% @end %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- gen_dsa(LSize,NSize) when is_integer(LSize), is_integer(NSize) -> Key = gen_dsa2(LSize, NSize), {Key, encode_key(Key)}. %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- %% @doc Creates a ec key (OBS: for testing only) %% the sizes are in bytes %% @spec (::integer()) -> {::atom(), ::binary(), ::opaque()} %% @end %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- gen_ec(Curve) when is_atom(Curve) -> Key = gen_ec2(Curve), {Key, encode_key(Key)}. %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- %% @doc Verifies cert signatures %% @spec (::binary(), ::tuple()) -> ::boolean() %% @end %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- verify_signature(DerEncodedCert, DerKey, _KeyParams) -> Key = decode_key(DerKey), case Key of #'RSAPrivateKey'{modulus=Mod, publicExponent=Exp} -> public_key:pkix_verify(DerEncodedCert, #'RSAPublicKey'{modulus=Mod, publicExponent=Exp}); #'DSAPrivateKey'{p=P, q=Q, g=G, y=Y} -> public_key:pkix_verify(DerEncodedCert, {Y, #'Dss-Parms'{p=P, q=Q, g=G}}); #'ECPrivateKey'{version = _Version, privateKey = _PrivKey, parameters = Params, publicKey = {0, PubKey}} -> public_key:pkix_verify(DerEncodedCert, {#'ECPoint'{point = PubKey}, Params}) end. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Implementation %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% get_key(Opts) -> case proplists:get_value(key, Opts) of undefined -> make_key(rsa, Opts); rsa -> make_key(rsa, Opts); dsa -> make_key(dsa, Opts); ec -> make_key(ec, Opts); Key -> Password = proplists:get_value(password, Opts, no_passwd), decode_key(Key, Password) end. decode_key({Key, Pw}) -> decode_key(Key, Pw); decode_key(Key) -> decode_key(Key, no_passwd). decode_key(#'RSAPublicKey'{} = Key,_) -> Key; decode_key(#'RSAPrivateKey'{} = Key,_) -> Key; decode_key(#'DSAPrivateKey'{} = Key,_) -> Key; decode_key(#'ECPrivateKey'{} = Key,_) -> Key; decode_key(PemEntry = {_,_,_}, Pw) -> public_key:pem_entry_decode(PemEntry, Pw); decode_key(PemBin, Pw) -> [KeyInfo] = public_key:pem_decode(PemBin), decode_key(KeyInfo, Pw). encode_key(Key = #'RSAPrivateKey'{}) -> {ok, Der} = 'OTP-PUB-KEY':encode('RSAPrivateKey', Key), {'RSAPrivateKey', iolist_to_binary(Der), not_encrypted}; encode_key(Key = #'DSAPrivateKey'{}) -> {ok, Der} = 'OTP-PUB-KEY':encode('DSAPrivateKey', Key), {'DSAPrivateKey', iolist_to_binary(Der), not_encrypted}; encode_key(Key = #'ECPrivateKey'{}) -> {ok, Der} = 'OTP-PUB-KEY':encode('ECPrivateKey', Key), {'ECPrivateKey', iolist_to_binary(Der), not_encrypted}. make_tbs(SubjectKey, Opts) -> Version = list_to_atom("v"++integer_to_list(proplists:get_value(version, Opts, 3))), IssuerProp = proplists:get_value(issuer, Opts, true), {Issuer, IssuerKey} = issuer(IssuerProp, Opts, SubjectKey), {Algo, Parameters} = sign_algorithm(IssuerKey, Opts), SignAlgo = #'SignatureAlgorithm'{algorithm = Algo, parameters = Parameters}, Subject = case IssuerProp of true -> %% Is a Root Ca Issuer; _ -> subject(proplists:get_value(subject, Opts),false) end, {#'OTPTBSCertificate'{serialNumber = trunc(rand:uniform()*100000000)*10000 + 1, signature = SignAlgo, issuer = Issuer, validity = validity(Opts), subject = Subject, subjectPublicKeyInfo = publickey(SubjectKey), version = Version, extensions = extensions(Opts) }, IssuerKey}. issuer(true, Opts, SubjectKey) -> %% Self signed {subject(proplists:get_value(subject, Opts), true), SubjectKey}; issuer({Issuer, IssuerKey}, _Opts, _SubjectKey) when is_binary(Issuer) -> {issuer_der(Issuer), decode_key(IssuerKey)}; issuer({File, IssuerKey}, _Opts, _SubjectKey) when is_list(File) -> {ok, [{cert, Cert, _}|_]} = pem_to_der(File), {issuer_der(Cert), decode_key(IssuerKey)}. issuer_der(Issuer) -> Decoded = public_key:pkix_decode_cert(Issuer, otp), #'OTPCertificate'{tbsCertificate=Tbs} = Decoded, #'OTPTBSCertificate'{subject=Subject} = Tbs, Subject. subject(undefined, IsRootCA) -> User = if IsRootCA -> "RootCA"; true -> user() end, Opts = [{email, User ++ "@erlang.org"}, {name, User}, {city, "Stockholm"}, {country, "SE"}, {org, "erlang"}, {org_unit, "testing dep"}], subject(Opts); subject(Opts, _) -> subject(Opts). user() -> case os:getenv("USER") of false -> "test_user"; User -> User end. subject(SubjectOpts) when is_list(SubjectOpts) -> Encode = fun(Opt) -> {Type,Value} = subject_enc(Opt), [#'AttributeTypeAndValue'{type=Type, value=Value}] end, {rdnSequence, [Encode(Opt) || Opt <- SubjectOpts]}. %% Fill in the blanks subject_enc({name, Name}) -> {?'id-at-commonName', {printableString, Name}}; subject_enc({email, Email}) -> {?'id-emailAddress', Email}; subject_enc({city, City}) -> {?'id-at-localityName', {printableString, City}}; subject_enc({state, State}) -> {?'id-at-stateOrProvinceName', {printableString, State}}; subject_enc({org, Org}) -> {?'id-at-organizationName', {printableString, Org}}; subject_enc({org_unit, OrgUnit}) -> {?'id-at-organizationalUnitName', {printableString, OrgUnit}}; subject_enc({country, Country}) -> {?'id-at-countryName', Country}; subject_enc({serial, Serial}) -> {?'id-at-serialNumber', Serial}; subject_enc({title, Title}) -> {?'id-at-title', {printableString, Title}}; subject_enc({dnQualifer, DnQ}) -> {?'id-at-dnQualifier', DnQ}; subject_enc(Other) -> Other. extensions(Opts) -> case proplists:get_value(extensions, Opts, []) of false -> asn1_NOVALUE; Exts -> lists:flatten([extension(Ext) || Ext <- default_extensions(Exts)]) end. default_extensions(Exts) -> Def = [{key_usage,undefined}, {subject_altname, undefined}, {issuer_altname, undefined}, {basic_constraints, default}, {name_constraints, undefined}, {policy_constraints, undefined}, {ext_key_usage, undefined}, {inhibit_any, undefined}, {auth_key_id, undefined}, {subject_key_id, undefined}, {policy_mapping, undefined}], Filter = fun({Key, _}, D) -> lists:keydelete(Key, 1, D) end, Exts ++ lists:foldl(Filter, Def, Exts). extension({_, undefined}) -> []; extension({basic_constraints, Data}) -> case Data of default -> #'Extension'{extnID = ?'id-ce-basicConstraints', extnValue = #'BasicConstraints'{cA=true}, critical=true}; false -> []; Len when is_integer(Len) -> #'Extension'{extnID = ?'id-ce-basicConstraints', extnValue = #'BasicConstraints'{cA=true, pathLenConstraint=Len}, critical=true}; _ -> #'Extension'{extnID = ?'id-ce-basicConstraints', extnValue = Data} end; extension({Id, Data, Critical}) -> #'Extension'{extnID = Id, extnValue = Data, critical = Critical}. publickey(#'RSAPrivateKey'{modulus=N, publicExponent=E}) -> Public = #'RSAPublicKey'{modulus=N, publicExponent=E}, Algo = #'PublicKeyAlgorithm'{algorithm= ?rsaEncryption, parameters='NULL'}, #'OTPSubjectPublicKeyInfo'{algorithm = Algo, subjectPublicKey = Public}; publickey(#'DSAPrivateKey'{p=P, q=Q, g=G, y=Y}) -> Algo = #'PublicKeyAlgorithm'{algorithm= ?'id-dsa', parameters={params, #'Dss-Parms'{p=P, q=Q, g=G}}}, #'OTPSubjectPublicKeyInfo'{algorithm = Algo, subjectPublicKey = Y}; publickey(#'ECPrivateKey'{version = _Version, privateKey = _PrivKey, parameters = Params, publicKey = {0, PubKey}}) -> Algo = #'PublicKeyAlgorithm'{algorithm= ?'id-ecPublicKey', parameters=Params}, #'OTPSubjectPublicKeyInfo'{algorithm = Algo, subjectPublicKey = #'ECPoint'{point = PubKey}}. validity(Opts) -> DefFrom0 = calendar:gregorian_days_to_date(calendar:date_to_gregorian_days(date())-1), DefTo0 = calendar:gregorian_days_to_date(calendar:date_to_gregorian_days(date())+7), {DefFrom, DefTo} = proplists:get_value(validity, Opts, {DefFrom0, DefTo0}), Format = fun({Y,M,D}) -> lists:flatten(io_lib:format("~w~2..0w~2..0w000000Z",[Y,M,D])) end, #'Validity'{notBefore={generalTime, Format(DefFrom)}, notAfter ={generalTime, Format(DefTo)}}. sign_algorithm(#'RSAPrivateKey'{}, Opts) -> Type = case proplists:get_value(digest, Opts, sha1) of sha1 -> ?'sha1WithRSAEncryption'; sha512 -> ?'sha512WithRSAEncryption'; sha384 -> ?'sha384WithRSAEncryption'; sha256 -> ?'sha256WithRSAEncryption'; md5 -> ?'md5WithRSAEncryption'; md2 -> ?'md2WithRSAEncryption' end, {Type, 'NULL'}; sign_algorithm(#'DSAPrivateKey'{p=P, q=Q, g=G}, _Opts) -> {?'id-dsa-with-sha1', {params,#'Dss-Parms'{p=P, q=Q, g=G}}}; sign_algorithm(#'ECPrivateKey'{}, Opts) -> Type = case proplists:get_value(digest, Opts, sha1) of sha1 -> ?'ecdsa-with-SHA1'; sha512 -> ?'ecdsa-with-SHA512'; sha384 -> ?'ecdsa-with-SHA384'; sha256 -> ?'ecdsa-with-SHA256' end, {Type, 'NULL'}. make_key(rsa, _Opts) -> %% (OBS: for testing only) gen_rsa2(64); make_key(dsa, _Opts) -> gen_dsa2(128, 20); %% Bytes i.e. {1024, 160} make_key(ec, _Opts) -> %% (OBS: for testing only) gen_ec2(secp256k1). %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% RSA key generation (OBS: for testing only) %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -define(SMALL_PRIMES, [65537,97,89,83,79,73,71,67,61,59,53, 47,43,41,37,31,29,23,19,17,13,11,7,5,3]). gen_rsa2(Size) -> P = prime(Size), Q = prime(Size), N = P*Q, Tot = (P - 1) * (Q - 1), [E|_] = lists:dropwhile(fun(Candidate) -> (Tot rem Candidate) == 0 end, ?SMALL_PRIMES), {D1,D2} = extended_gcd(E, Tot), D = erlang:max(D1,D2), case D < E of true -> gen_rsa2(Size); false -> {Co1,Co2} = extended_gcd(Q, P), Co = erlang:max(Co1,Co2), #'RSAPrivateKey'{version = 'two-prime', modulus = N, publicExponent = E, privateExponent = D, prime1 = P, prime2 = Q, exponent1 = D rem (P-1), exponent2 = D rem (Q-1), coefficient = Co } end. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% DSA key generation (OBS: for testing only) %% See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Signature_Algorithm %% and the fips_186-3.pdf %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% gen_dsa2(LSize, NSize) -> Q = prime(NSize), %% Choose N-bit prime Q X0 = prime(LSize), P0 = prime((LSize div 2) +1), %% Choose L-bit prime modulus P such that p-1 is a multiple of q. case dsa_search(X0 div (2*Q*P0), P0, Q, 1000) of error -> gen_dsa2(LSize, NSize); P -> G = crypto:mod_pow(2, (P-1) div Q, P), % Choose G a number whose multiplicative order modulo p is q. %% such that This may be done by setting g = h^(p-1)/q mod p, commonly h=2 is used. X = prime(20), %% Choose x by some random method, where 0 < x < q. Y = crypto:mod_pow(G, X, P), %% Calculate y = g^x mod p. #'DSAPrivateKey'{version=0, p = P, q = Q, g = crypto:bytes_to_integer(G), y = crypto:bytes_to_integer(Y), x = X} end. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% EC key generation (OBS: for testing only) %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% gen_ec2(CurveId) -> {PubKey, PrivKey} = crypto:generate_key(ecdh, CurveId), #'ECPrivateKey'{version = 1, privateKey = binary_to_list(PrivKey), parameters = {namedCurve, pubkey_cert_records:namedCurves(CurveId)}, publicKey = {0, PubKey}}. %% See fips_186-3.pdf dsa_search(T, P0, Q, Iter) when Iter > 0 -> P = 2*T*Q*P0 + 1, case is_prime(P, 50) of true -> P; false -> dsa_search(T+1, P0, Q, Iter-1) end; dsa_search(_,_,_,_) -> error. %%%%%%% Crypto Math %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% prime(ByteSize) -> Rand = odd_rand(ByteSize), prime_odd(Rand, 0). prime_odd(Rand, N) -> case is_prime(Rand, 50) of true -> Rand; false -> prime_odd(Rand+2, N+1) end. %% see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat_primality_test is_prime(_, 0) -> true; is_prime(Candidate, Test) -> CoPrime = odd_rand(10000, Candidate), Result = crypto:mod_pow(CoPrime, Candidate, Candidate) , is_prime(CoPrime, crypto:bytes_to_integer(Result), Candidate, Test). is_prime(CoPrime, CoPrime, Candidate, Test) -> is_prime(Candidate, Test-1); is_prime(_,_,_,_) -> false. odd_rand(Size) -> Min = 1 bsl (Size*8-1), Max = (1 bsl (Size*8))-1, odd_rand(Min, Max). odd_rand(Min,Max) -> Delta = Max - Min, Rand = Min + trunc(rand:uniform() * Delta), case Rand rem 2 of 0 -> Rand + 1; _ -> Rand end. extended_gcd(A, B) -> case A rem B of 0 -> {0, 1}; N -> {X, Y} = extended_gcd(B, N), {Y, X-Y*(A div B)} end. pem_to_der(File) -> {ok, PemBin} = file:read_file(File), public_key:pem_decode(PemBin). der_to_pem(File, Entries) -> PemBin = public_key:pem_encode(Entries), file:write_file(File, PemBin).