From 2368dc53d0c724f1899aeb2874ba1a763e11f0b8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Lo=C3=AFc=20Hoguin?= <essen@ninenines.eu>
Date: Mon, 29 Jan 2024 15:40:26 +0100
Subject: Cowboy 2.11

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 docs/en/cowboy/2.5/guide/static_files.asciidoc | 163 -------------------------
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-[[static_files]]
-== Static files
-
-Cowboy comes with a ready to use handler for serving static
-files. It is provided as a convenience for serving files
-during development.
-
-For systems in production, consider using one of the many
-Content Distribution Network (CDN) available on the market,
-as they are the best solution for serving files.
-
-The static handler can serve either one file or all files
-from a given directory. The etag generation and mime types
-can be configured.
-
-=== Serve one file
-
-You can use the static handler to serve one specific file
-from an application's private directory. This is particularly
-useful to serve an 'index.html' file when the client requests
-the `/` path, for example. The path configured is relative
-to the given application's private directory.
-
-The following rule will serve the file 'static/index.html'
-from the application `my_app`'s priv directory whenever the
-path `/` is accessed:
-
-[source,erlang]
-{"/", cowboy_static, {priv_file, my_app, "static/index.html"}}
-
-You can also specify the absolute path to a file, or the
-path to the file relative to the current directory:
-
-[source,erlang]
-{"/", cowboy_static, {file, "/var/www/index.html"}}
-
-=== Serve all files from a directory
-
-You can also use the static handler to serve all files that
-can be found in the configured directory. The handler will
-use the `path_info` information to resolve the file location,
-which means that your route must end with a `[...]` pattern
-for it to work. All files are served, including the ones that
-may be found in subfolders.
-
-You can specify the directory relative to an application's
-private directory.
-
-The following rule will serve any file found in the application
-`my_app`'s priv directory inside the `static/assets` folder
-whenever the requested path begins with `/assets/`:
-
-[source,erlang]
-{"/assets/[...]", cowboy_static, {priv_dir, my_app, "static/assets"}}
-
-You can also specify the absolute path to the directory or
-set it relative to the current directory:
-
-[source,erlang]
-{"/assets/[...]", cowboy_static, {dir, "/var/www/assets"}}
-
-=== Customize the mimetype detection
-
-By default, Cowboy will attempt to recognize the mimetype
-of your static files by looking at the extension.
-
-You can override the function that figures out the mimetype
-of the static files. It can be useful when Cowboy is missing
-a mimetype you need to handle, or when you want to reduce
-the list to make lookups faster. You can also give a
-hard-coded mimetype that will be used unconditionally.
-
-Cowboy comes with two functions built-in. The default
-function only handles common file types used when building
-Web applications. The other function is an extensive list
-of hundreds of mimetypes that should cover almost any need
-you may have. You can of course create your own function.
-
-To use the default function, you should not have to configure
-anything, as it is the default. If you insist, though, the
-following will do the job:
-
-[source,erlang]
-----
-{"/assets/[...]", cowboy_static, {priv_dir, my_app, "static/assets",
-    [{mimetypes, cow_mimetypes, web}]}}
-----
-
-As you can see, there is an optional field that may contain
-a list of less used options, like mimetypes or etag. All option
-types have this optional field.
-
-To use the function that will detect almost any mimetype,
-the following configuration will do:
-
-[source,erlang]
-----
-{"/assets/[...]", cowboy_static, {priv_dir, my_app, "static/assets",
-    [{mimetypes, cow_mimetypes, all}]}}
-----
-
-You probably noticed the pattern by now. The configuration
-expects a module and a function name, so you can use any
-of your own functions instead:
-
-[source,erlang]
-----
-{"/assets/[...]", cowboy_static, {priv_dir, my_app, "static/assets",
-    [{mimetypes, Module, Function}]}}
-----
-
-The function that performs the mimetype detection receives
-a single argument that is the path to the file on disk. It
-is recommended to return the mimetype in tuple form, although
-a binary string is also allowed (but will require extra
-processing). If the function can't figure out the mimetype,
-then it should return `{<<"application">>, <<"octet-stream">>, []}`.
-
-When the static handler fails to find the extension,
-it will send the file as `application/octet-stream`.
-A browser receiving such file will attempt to download it
-directly to disk.
-
-Finally, the mimetype can be hard-coded for all files.
-This is especially useful in combination with the `file`
-and `priv_file` options as it avoids needless computation:
-
-[source,erlang]
-----
-{"/", cowboy_static, {priv_file, my_app, "static/index.html",
-    [{mimetypes, {<<"text">>, <<"html">>, []}}]}}
-----
-
-=== Generate an etag
-
-By default, the static handler will generate an etag header
-value based on the size and modified time. This solution
-can not be applied to all systems though. It would perform
-rather poorly over a cluster of nodes, for example, as the
-file metadata will vary from server to server, giving a
-different etag on each server.
-
-You can however change the way the etag is calculated:
-
-[source,erlang]
-----
-{"/assets/[...]", cowboy_static, {priv_dir, my_app, "static/assets",
-    [{etag, Module, Function}]}}
-----
-
-This function will receive three arguments: the path to the
-file on disk, the size of the file and the last modification
-time. In a distributed setup, you would typically use the
-file path to retrieve an etag value that is identical across
-all your servers.
-
-You can also completely disable etag handling:
-
-[source,erlang]
-----
-{"/assets/[...]", cowboy_static, {priv_dir, my_app, "static/assets",
-    [{etag, false}]}}
-----
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