<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE comref SYSTEM "comref.dtd"> <comref> <header> <copyright> <year>1997</year><year>2016</year> <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. </legalnotice> <title>erlc</title> <prepared>Björn Gustavsson</prepared> <responsible>Bjarne Däcker</responsible> <docno>1</docno> <approved>Bjarne Däcker</approved> <checked></checked> <date>1997-03-24</date> <rev>A</rev> <file>erlc.xml</file> </header> <com>erlc</com> <comsummary>Compiler</comsummary> <description> <p>The <c><![CDATA[erlc]]></c> program provides a common way to run all compilers in the Erlang system. Depending on the extension of each input file, <c><![CDATA[erlc]]></c> invokes the appropriate compiler. Regardless of which compiler is used, the same flags are used to provide parameters, such as include paths and output directory.</p> <p>The current working directory, <c>"."</c>, is not included in the code path when running the compiler. This to avoid loading Beam files from the current working directory that could potentially be in conflict with the compiler or the Erlang/OTP system used by the compiler.</p> </description> <funcs> <func> <name>erlc flags file1.ext file2.ext...</name> <fsummary>Compile files.</fsummary> <desc> <p>Compiles one or more files. The files must include the extension, for example, <c><![CDATA[.erl]]></c> for Erlang source code, or <c><![CDATA[.yrl]]></c> for Yecc source code. <c><![CDATA[Erlc]]></c> uses the extension to invoke the correct compiler.</p> </desc> </func> </funcs> <section> <title>Generally Useful Flags</title> <p>The following flags are supported:</p> <taglist> <tag><c>-I <Directory></c></tag> <item> <p>Instructs the compiler to search for include files in the <c>Directory</c>. When encountering an <c><![CDATA[-include]]></c> or <c><![CDATA[-include_lib]]></c> directive, the compiler searches for header files in the following directories:</p> <list type="bulleted"> <item> <p><c><![CDATA["."]]></c>, the current working directory of the file server</p> </item> <item> <p>The base name of the compiled file</p> </item> <item> <p>The directories specified using option <c><![CDATA[-I]]></c>; the directory specified last is searched first</p> </item> </list> </item> <tag><c>-o <Directory></c></tag> <item> <p>The directory where the compiler is to place the output files. Defaults to the current working directory.</p> </item> <tag><c>-D<Name></c></tag> <item> <p>Defines a macro.</p> </item> <tag><c>-D<Name>=<Value></c></tag> <item> <p>Defines a macro with the specified value. The value can be any Erlang term. Depending on the platform, the value may need to be quoted if the shell itself interprets certain characters. On Unix, terms containing tuples and lists must be quoted. Terms containing spaces must be quoted on all platforms.</p> </item> <tag><c>-W<Error></c></tag> <item> <p>Makes all warnings into errors.</p> </item> <tag><c>-W<Number></c></tag> <item> <p>Sets warning level to <c>Number</c>. Defaults to <c><![CDATA[1]]></c>. To turn off warnings, use <c><![CDATA[-W0]]></c>.</p> </item> <tag><c>-W</c></tag> <item> <p>Same as <c><![CDATA[-W1]]></c>. Default.</p> </item> <tag><c>-v</c></tag> <item> <p>Enables verbose output.</p> </item> <tag><c>-b <Output_type></c></tag> <item> <p>Specifies the type of output file. <c>Output_type</c> is the same as the file extension of the output file, but without the period. This option is ignored by compilers that have a single output format.</p> </item> <tag><c>-smp</c></tag> <item> <p>Compiles using the SMP emulator. This is mainly useful for compiling native code, which must be compiled with the same runtime system that it is to be run on.</p> </item> <tag><c>-M</c></tag> <item> <p>Produces a Makefile rule to track header dependencies. The rule is sent to <c>stdout</c>. No object file is produced.</p> </item> <tag><c>-MF <Makefile></c></tag> <item> <p>As option <c><![CDATA[-M]]></c>, except that the Makefile is written to <c>Makefile</c>. No object file is produced.</p> </item> <tag><c>-MD</c></tag> <item> <p>Same as <c><![CDATA[-M -MF <File>.Pbeam]]></c>.</p> </item> <tag><c>-MT <Target></c></tag> <item> <p>In conjunction with option <c><![CDATA[-M]]></c> or <c><![CDATA[-MF]]></c>, changes the name of the rule emitted to <c>Target</c>.</p> </item> <tag><c>-MQ <Target></c></tag> <item> <p>As option <c><![CDATA[-MT]]></c>, except that characters special to <c>make/1</c> are quoted.</p> </item> <tag><c>-MP</c></tag> <item> <p>In conjunction with option <c><![CDATA[-M]]></c> or <c><![CDATA[-MF]]></c>, adds a phony target for each dependency.</p> </item> <tag><c>-MG</c></tag> <item> <p>In conjunction with option <c><![CDATA[-M]]></c> or <c><![CDATA[-MF]]></c>, considers missing headers as generated files and adds them to the dependencies.</p> </item> <tag><c>--</c></tag> <item> <p>Signals that no more options will follow. The rest of the arguments is treated as filenames, even if they start with hyphens.</p> </item> <tag><c>+<Term></c></tag> <item> <p>A flag starting with a plus (<c>+</c>) rather than a hyphen is converted to an Erlang term and passed unchanged to the compiler. For example, option <c><![CDATA[export_all]]></c> for the Erlang compiler can be specified as follows:</p> <pre> erlc +export_all file.erl</pre> <p>Depending on the platform, the value may need to be quoted if the shell itself interprets certain characters. On Unix, terms containing tuples and lists must be quoted. Terms containing spaces must be quoted on all platforms.</p> </item> </taglist> </section> <section> <title>Special Flags</title> <p>The following flags are useful in special situations, such as rebuilding the OTP system:</p> <taglist> <tag><c>-pa <Directory></c></tag> <item> <p>Appends <c>Directory</c> to the front of the code path in the invoked Erlang emulator. This can be used to invoke another compiler than the default one.</p> </item> <tag><c>-pz <Directory></c></tag> <item> <p>Appends <c>Directory</c> to the code path in the invoked Erlang emulator.</p> </item> </taglist> </section> <section> <title>Supported Compilers</title> <p>The following compilers are supported:</p> <taglist> <tag><c>.erl</c></tag> <item> <p>Erlang source code. It generates a <c><![CDATA[.beam]]></c> file.</p> <p>Options <c>-P</c>, <c>-E</c>, and <c>-S</c> are equivalent to <c>+'P'</c>, <c>+'E'</c>, and <c>+'S'</c>, except that it is not necessary to include the single quotes to protect them from the shell.</p> <p>Supported options: <c>-I</c>, <c>-o</c>, <c>-D</c>, <c>-v</c>, <c>-W</c>, <c>-b</c>.</p> </item> <tag><c>.S</c></tag> <item> <p>Erlang assembler source code. It generates a <c><![CDATA[.beam]]></c> file.</p> <p>Supported options: same as for <c>.erl</c>.</p> </item> <tag><c>.core</c></tag> <item> <p>Erlang core source code. It generates a <c><![CDATA[.beam]]></c> file.</p> <p>Supported options: same as for <c>.erl</c>.</p> </item> <tag><c>.yrl</c></tag> <item> <p>Yecc source code. It generates an <c><![CDATA[.erl]]></c> file.</p> <p>Use option <c>-I</c> with the name of a file to use that file as a customized prologue file (option <c><![CDATA[includefile]]></c>).</p> <p>Supported options: <c>-o</c>, <c>-v</c>, <c>-I</c>, <c>-W</c>.</p> </item> <tag><c>.mib</c></tag> <item> <p>MIB for SNMP. It generates a <c><![CDATA[.bin]]></c> file.</p> <p>Supported options: <c>-I</c>, <c>-o</c>, <c>-W</c>.</p> </item> <tag><c>.bin</c></tag> <item> <p>A compiled MIB for SNMP. It generates a <c><![CDATA[.hrl]]></c> file.</p> <p>Supported options: <c>-o</c>, <c>-v</c>.</p> </item> <tag><c>.rel</c></tag> <item> <p>Script file. It generates a boot file.</p> <p>Use option <c>-I</c> to name directories to be searched for application files (equivalent to the <c><![CDATA[path]]></c> in the option list for <c><![CDATA[systools:make_script/2]]></c>).</p> <p>Supported option: <c>-o</c>.</p> </item> <tag><c>.asn1</c></tag> <item> <p>ASN1 file. It creates an <c><![CDATA[.erl]]></c>, <c><![CDATA[.hrl]]></c>, and <c><![CDATA[.asn1db]]></c> file from an <c><![CDATA[.asn1]]></c> file. Also compiles the <c><![CDATA[.erl]]></c> using the Erlang compiler unless option <c><![CDATA[+noobj]]></c> is specified.</p> <p>Supported options: <c>-I</c>, <c>-o</c>, <c>-b</c>, <c>-W</c>.</p> </item> <tag><c>.idl</c></tag> <item> <p>IC file. It runs the IDL compiler.</p> <p>Supported options: <c>-I</c>, <c>-o</c>.</p> </item> </taglist> </section> <section> <title>Environment Variables</title> <taglist> <tag><c>ERLC_EMULATOR</c></tag> <item>The command for starting the emulator. Defaults to <c>erl</c> in the same directory as the <c>erlc</c> program itself, or, if it does not exist, <c>erl</c> in any of the directories specified in environment variable <c>PATH</c>.</item> </taglist> </section> <section> <title>See Also</title> <p><seealso marker="erl"><c>erl(1)</c></seealso>, <seealso marker="compiler:compile"><c>compile(3)</c></seealso>, <seealso marker="parsetools:yecc"><c>yecc(3)</c></seealso>, <seealso marker="snmp:snmp"><c>snmp(3)</c></seealso></p> </section> </comref>