Getting started

Using the Erlang API

The following dialog within the Erlang shell illustrates the functionality of the Erlang ODBC interface. The table used in the example does not have any relevance to anything that exist in reality, it is just a simple example. The example was created using sqlserver 7.0 with servicepack 1 as database and the ODBC driver for sqlserver with version 2000.80.194.00.


 1 > odbc:start().
      ok

Connect to the database

 {ok, Ref} = odbc:connect("DSN=sql-server;UID=aladdin;PWD=sesame", []).
      {ok,<0.342.0>}    ]]>

Create a table


 3 > odbc:sql_query(Ref, "CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE (NR integer,
      FIRSTNAME  char varying(20), LASTNAME  char varying(20), GENDER char(1),
      PRIMARY KEY(NR))").
      {updated,undefined}

Insert some data


 4 > odbc:sql_query(Ref, "INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE VALUES(1, 'Jane', 'Doe', 'F')").
      {updated,1}

Check what data types the database assigned for the columns. Hopefully this is not a surprise, some times it can be! These are the data types that you should use if you want to do a parameterized query.


 5 > odbc:describe_table(Ref, "EMPLOYEE").
      {ok, [{"NR", sql_integer},
            {"FIRSTNAME", {sql_varchar, 20}},
            {"LASTNAME", {sql_varchar, 20}}
            {"GENDER", {sql_char, 1}}]}

Use a parameterized query to insert many rows in one go.


 6 > odbc:param_query(Ref,"INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE (NR, FIRSTNAME, "
                  "LASTNAME, GENDER) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)",
                   [{sql_integer,[2,3,4,5,6,7,8]},
                    {{sql_varchar, 20},
                             ["John", "Monica", "Ross", "Rachel",
                             "Piper", "Prue", "Louise"]},
                   {{sql_varchar, 20},
                             ["Doe","Geller","Geller", "Green",
                              "Halliwell", "Halliwell", "Lane"]},
                   {{sql_char, 1}, ["M","F","M","F","F","F","F"]}]).
      {updated, 7}

Fetch all data in the table employee


 7> odbc:sql_query(Ref, "SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE").
    {selected,["NR","FIRSTNAME","LASTNAME","GENDER"],
          [{1,"Jane","Doe","F"},
           {2,"John","Doe","M"},
           {3,"Monica","Geller","F"},
           {4,"Ross","Geller","M"},
           {5,"Rachel","Green","F"},
           {6,"Piper","Halliwell","F"},
           {7,"Prue","Halliwell","F"},
           {8,"Louise","Lane","F"}]]}

Associate a result set containing the whole table EMPLOYEE to the connection. The number of rows in the result set is returned.


 8 > odbc:select_count(Ref, "SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE").
      {ok,8}

You can always traverse the result set sequential by using next


 9 > odbc:next(Ref).
      {selected,["NR","FIRSTNAME","LASTNAME","GENDER"],[{1,"Jane","Doe","F"}]}


 10 > odbc:next(Ref).
      {selected,["NR","FIRSTNAME","LASTNAME","GENDER"],[{2,"John","Doe","M"}]}

If your driver supports scrollable cursors you have a little more freedom, and can do things like this.


 11 > odbc:last(Ref).
      {selected,["NR","FIRSTNAME","LASTNAME","GENDER"],[{8,"Louise","Lane","F"}]}


 12 > odbc:prev(Ref).
      {selected,["NR","FIRSTNAME","LASTNAME","GENDER"],[{7,"Prue","Halliwell","F"}]}


 13 > odbc:first(Ref).
      {selected,["NR","FIRSTNAME","LASTNAME","GENDER"],[{1,"Jane","Doe","F"}]}


 14 > odbc:next(Ref).
      {selected,["NR","FIRSTNAME","LASTNAME","GENDER"],[{2,"John","Doe","M"}]}

Fetch the fields FIRSTNAME and NR for all female employees


 15 > odbc:sql_query(Ref, "SELECT FIRSTNAME, NR FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE GENDER = 'F'").
     {selected,["FIRSTNAME","NR"],
          [{"Jane",1},
           {"Monica",3},
           {"Rachel",5},
           {"Piper",6},
           {"Prue",7},
           {"Louise",8}]}

Fetch the fields FIRSTNAME and NR for all female employees and sort them on the field FIRSTNAME .


 16 > odbc:sql_query(Ref, "SELECT FIRSTNAME, NR FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE GENDER = 'F'
      ORDER BY FIRSTNAME").
    {selected,["FIRSTNAME","NR"],
          [{"Jane",1},
           {"Louise",8},
           {"Monica",3},
           {"Piper",6},
           {"Prue",7},
           {"Rachel",5}]}

Associate a result set that contains the fields FIRSTNAME and NR for all female employees to the connection. The number of rows in the result set is returned.


 17 > odbc:select_count(Ref, "SELECT FIRSTNAME, NR FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE GENDER = 'F'").
      {ok,6}

A few more ways of retrieving parts of the result set when the driver supports scrollable cursors. Note that next will work even without support for scrollable cursors.


 18 > odbc:select(Ref, {relative, 2}, 3).
    {selected,["FIRSTNAME","NR"],[{"Monica",3},{"Rachel",5},{"Piper",6}]}


 19 > odbc:select(Ref, next, 2).
      {selected,["FIRSTNAME","NR"],[{"Prue",7},{"Louise",8}]}


 20 > odbc:select(Ref, {absolute, 1}, 2).
      {selected,["FIRSTNAME","NR"],[{"Jane",1},{"Monica",3}]}


 21 > odbc:select(Ref, next, 2).
    {selected,["FIRSTNAME","NR"],[{"Rachel",5},{"Piper",6}]}


 22 > odbc:select(Ref, {absolute, 1}, 4). 
      {selected,["FIRSTNAME","NR"],
                [{"Jane",1},{"Monica",3},{"Rachel",5},{"Piper",6}]}

Select, using a parameterized query.


 23 > odbc:param_query(Ref, "SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE GENDER=?",
      [{{sql_char, 1}, ["M"]}]).
      {selected,["NR","FIRSTNAME","LASTNAME","GENDER"],
                [{2,"John", "Doe", "M"},{4,"Ross","Geller","M"}]}

Delete the table EMPLOYEE.


 24 > odbc:sql_query(Ref, "DROP TABLE EMPLOYEE").
      {updated,undefined}

Shut down the connection.


 25 > odbc:disconnect(Ref).
      ok

Shut down the application.


 26 > odbc:stop().
    =INFO REPORT==== 7-Jan-2004::17:00:59 ===
    application: odbc
    exited: stopped
    type: temporary

    ok