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diff --git a/guide/resp.md b/guide/resp.md deleted file mode 100644 index b3da72d..0000000 --- a/guide/resp.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,203 +0,0 @@ -Sending a response -================== - -The Req object also allows you to send a response. - -You can only send one response. Any other attempt will -trigger a crash. The response may be sent in one go or -with its body streamed by chunks of arbitrary size. - -You can also set headers or the response body in advance -and Cowboy will use them when you finally do reply. - -Reply ------ - -You can send a reply with no particular headers or body. -Cowboy will make sure to send the mandatory headers with -the response. - -``` erlang -{ok, Req2} = cowboy_req:reply(200, Req). -``` - -You can define headers to be sent with the response. Note -that header names must be lowercase. Again, Cowboy will -make sure to send the mandatory headers with the response. - -``` erlang -{ok, Req2} = cowboy_req:reply(303, [ - {<<"location">>, <<"http://ninenines.eu">>} -], Req). -``` - -You can override headers that Cowboy would send otherwise. -Any header set by the user will be used over the ones set -by Cowboy. For example, you can advertise yourself as a -different server. - -``` erlang -{ok, Req2} = cowboy_req:reply(200, [ - {<<"server">>, <<"yaws">>} -], Req). -``` - -We also saw earlier how to force close the connection by -overriding the connection header. - -Finally, you can also send a body with the response. Cowboy -will automatically set the content-length header if you do. -We recommend that you set the content-type header so the -client may know how to read the body. - -``` erlang -{ok, Req2} = cowboy_req:reply(200, [ - {<<"content-type">>, <<"text/plain">>} -], "Hello world!", Req). -``` - -Here is the same example but sending HTML this time. - -``` erlang -{ok, Req2} = cowboy_req:reply(200, [ - {<<"content-type">>, <<"text/html">>} -], "<html><head>Hello world!</head><body><p>Hats off!</p></body></html>", Req). -``` - -Note that the reply is sent immediately. - -Chunked reply -------------- - -You can also stream the response body. First, you need to -initiate the reply by sending the response status code. -Then you can send the body in chunks of arbitrary size. - -``` erlang -{ok, Req2} = cowboy_req:chunked_reply(200, Req), -ok = cowboy_req:chunk("Hello...", Req2), -ok = cowboy_req:chunk("chunked...", Req2), -ok = cowboy_req:chunk("world!!", Req2). -``` - -You should make sure to match on `ok` as an error may be -returned. - -While it is possible to send a chunked response without -a content-type header, it is still recommended. You can -set this header or any other just like for normal replies. - -``` erlang -{ok, Req2} = cowboy_req:chunked_reply(200, [ - {<<"content-type">>, <<"text/html">>} -], Req), -ok = cowboy_req:chunk("<html><head>Hello world!</head>", Req2), -ok = cowboy_req:chunk("<body><p>Hats off!</p></body></html>", Req2). -``` - -Note that the reply and each chunk following it are sent -immediately. - -Preset response headers ------------------------ - -You can define response headers in advance. They will be -merged into the headers given in the reply call. Headers -in the reply call override preset response headers which -override the default Cowboy headers. - -``` erlang -Req2 = cowboy_req:set_resp_header(<<"allow">>, "GET", Req). -``` - -You can check if a response header has already been set. -This will only check the response headers that you set, -and not the ones Cowboy will add when actually sending -the reply. - -``` erlang -cowboy_req:has_resp_header(<<"allow">>, Req). -``` - -It will return `true` if the header is defined, and `false` -otherwise. - -Finally, you can also delete a preset response header if -needed. If you do, it will not be sent. - -``` erlang -Req2 = cowboy_req:delete_resp_header(<<"allow">>, Req). -``` - -Preset response body --------------------- - -You can set the response body in advance. Note that this -body will be ignored if you then choose to send a chunked -reply, or if you send a reply with an explicit body. - -``` erlang -Req2 = cowboy_req:set_resp_body("Hello world!", Req). -``` - -You can also set a fun that will be called when it is time -to send the body. There are three different ways of doing -that. - -If you know the length of the body that needs to be sent, -you should specify it, as it will help clients determine -the remaining download time and allow them to inform the -user. - -``` erlang -F = fun (Socket, Transport) -> - Transport:send(Socket, "Hello world!") -end, -Req2 = cowboy_req:set_resp_body_fun(12, F, Req). -``` - -If you do not know the length of the body, you should use -a chunked response body fun instead. - -``` erlang -F = fun (SendChunk) -> - Body = lists:duplicate(random:uniform(1024, $a)), - SendChunk(Body) -end, -Req2 = cowboy_req:set_resp_body_fun(chunked, F, Req). -``` - -Finally, you can also send data on the socket directly, -without knowing the length in advance. Cowboy may be -forced to close the connection at the end of the response -though depending on the protocol capabilities. - -``` erlang -F = fun (Socket, Transport) -> - Body = lists:duplicate(random:uniform(1024, $a)), - Transport:send(Socket, Body) -end, -Req2 = cowboy_req:set_resp_body_fun(F, Req). -``` - -Sending files -------------- - -You can send files directly from disk without having to -read them. Cowboy will use the `sendfile` syscall when -possible, which means that the file is sent to the socket -directly from the kernel, which is a lot more performant -than doing it from userland. - -Again, it is recommended to set the size of the file if it -can be known in advance. - -``` erlang -F = fun (Socket, Transport) -> - Transport:sendfile(Socket, "priv/styles.css") -end, -Req2 = cowboy_req:set_resp_body_fun(FileSize, F, Req). -``` - -Please see the Ranch guide for more information about -sending files. |