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authorLoïc Hoguin <[email protected]>2013-11-08 15:41:44 +0100
committerLoïc Hoguin <[email protected]>2013-11-08 15:44:13 +0100
commit674dcba72cc406118298b82e125f927b49fe6e14 (patch)
tree64058dff0f73f5140b1f7771e327b7e542bc9699 /src
parent1787a91a23c0e7dcd12d03ea421f453f33b9fb10 (diff)
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Add the cow_qs module for query string parsing and building
Includes functions to encode and decode percent encoded strings that follow the application/x-www_form_urlencoded format. Query string parsing should be 3 times faster than the code that was in Cowboy, and will also create less intermediate variables.
Diffstat (limited to 'src')
-rw-r--r--src/cow_qs.erl571
1 files changed, 571 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/cow_qs.erl b/src/cow_qs.erl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e338b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/cow_qs.erl
@@ -0,0 +1,571 @@
+%% Copyright (c) 2013, Loïc Hoguin <[email protected]>
+%%
+%% Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
+%% purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+%% copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+%%
+%% THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+%% WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+%% MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+%% ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+%% WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+%% ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+%% OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+-module(cow_qs).
+
+-export([parse_qs/1]).
+-export([qs/1]).
+-export([urldecode/1]).
+-export([urlencode/1]).
+
+-type qs_vals() :: [{binary(), binary() | true}].
+
+%% @doc Parse an application/x-www-form-urlencoded string.
+%%
+%% The percent decoding is inlined to greatly improve the performance
+%% by avoiding copying binaries twice (once for extracting, once for
+%% decoding) instead of just extracting the proper representation.
+
+-spec parse_qs(binary()) -> qs_vals().
+parse_qs(B) ->
+ parse_qs_name(B, [], <<>>).
+
+parse_qs_name(<< $%, H, L, Rest/bits >>, Acc, Name) ->
+ C = (unhex(H) bsl 4 bor unhex(L)),
+ parse_qs_name(Rest, Acc, << Name/bits, C >>);
+parse_qs_name(<< $+, Rest/bits >>, Acc, Name) ->
+ parse_qs_name(Rest, Acc, << Name/bits, " " >>);
+parse_qs_name(<< $=, Rest/bits >>, Acc, Name) when Name =/= <<>> ->
+ parse_qs_value(Rest, Acc, Name, <<>>);
+parse_qs_name(<< $&, Rest/bits >>, Acc, Name) ->
+ case Name of
+ <<>> -> parse_qs_name(Rest, Acc, <<>>);
+ _ -> parse_qs_name(Rest, [{Name, true}|Acc], <<>>)
+ end;
+parse_qs_name(<< C, Rest/bits >>, Acc, Name) when C =/= $%, C =/= $= ->
+ parse_qs_name(Rest, Acc, << Name/bits, C >>);
+parse_qs_name(<<>>, Acc, Name) ->
+ case Name of
+ <<>> -> lists:reverse(Acc);
+ _ -> lists:reverse([{Name, true}|Acc])
+ end.
+
+parse_qs_value(<< $%, H, L, Rest/bits >>, Acc, Name, Value) ->
+ C = (unhex(H) bsl 4 bor unhex(L)),
+ parse_qs_value(Rest, Acc, Name, << Value/bits, C >>);
+parse_qs_value(<< $+, Rest/bits >>, Acc, Name, Value) ->
+ parse_qs_value(Rest, Acc, Name, << Value/bits, " " >>);
+parse_qs_value(<< $&, Rest/bits >>, Acc, Name, Value) ->
+ parse_qs_name(Rest, [{Name, Value}|Acc], <<>>);
+parse_qs_value(<< C, Rest/bits >>, Acc, Name, Value) when C =/= $% ->
+ parse_qs_value(Rest, Acc, Name, << Value/bits, C >>);
+parse_qs_value(<<>>, Acc, Name, Value) ->
+ lists:reverse([{Name, Value}|Acc]).
+
+-ifdef(TEST).
+parse_qs_test_() ->
+ Tests = [
+ {<<>>, []},
+ {<<"&">>, []},
+ {<<"a">>, [{<<"a">>, true}]},
+ {<<"a&">>, [{<<"a">>, true}]},
+ {<<"&a">>, [{<<"a">>, true}]},
+ {<<"a&b">>, [{<<"a">>, true}, {<<"b">>, true}]},
+ {<<"a&&b">>, [{<<"a">>, true}, {<<"b">>, true}]},
+ {<<"a&b&">>, [{<<"a">>, true}, {<<"b">>, true}]},
+ {<<"=">>, error},
+ {<<"=b">>, error},
+ {<<"a=">>, [{<<"a">>, <<>>}]},
+ {<<"a=b">>, [{<<"a">>, <<"b">>}]},
+ {<<"a=&b=">>, [{<<"a">>, <<>>}, {<<"b">>, <<>>}]},
+ {<<"a=b&c&d=e">>, [{<<"a">>, <<"b">>},
+ {<<"c">>, true}, {<<"d">>, <<"e">>}]},
+ {<<"a=b=c&d=e=f&g=h=i">>, [{<<"a">>, <<"b=c">>},
+ {<<"d">>, <<"e=f">>}, {<<"g">>, <<"h=i">>}]},
+ {<<"+">>, [{<<" ">>, true}]},
+ {<<"+=+">>, [{<<" ">>, <<" ">>}]},
+ {<<"a+b=c+d">>, [{<<"a b">>, <<"c d">>}]},
+ {<<"+a+=+b+&+c+=+d+">>, [{<<" a ">>, <<" b ">>},
+ {<<" c ">>, <<" d ">>}]},
+ {<<"a%20b=c%20d">>, [{<<"a b">>, <<"c d">>}]},
+ {<<"%25%26%3D=%25%26%3D&_-.=.-_">>, [{<<"%&=">>, <<"%&=">>},
+ {<<"_-.">>, <<".-_">>}]},
+ {<<"for=extend%2Franch">>, [{<<"for">>, <<"extend/ranch">>}]}
+ ],
+ [{Qs, fun() ->
+ E = try parse_qs(Qs) of
+ R -> R
+ catch _:_ ->
+ error
+ end
+ end} || {Qs, E} <- Tests].
+
+parse_qs_identity_test_() ->
+ Tests = [
+ <<"+">>,
+ <<"hl=en&q=erlang+cowboy">>,
+ <<"direction=desc&for=extend%2Franch&sort=updated&state=open">>,
+ <<"i=EWiIXmPj5gl6&v=QowBp0oDLQXdd4x_GwiywA&ip=98.20.31.81&"
+ "la=en&pg=New8.undertonebrandsafe.com%2F698a2525065ee2"
+ "60c0b2f2aaad89ab82&re=&sz=1&fc=1&fr=140&br=3&bv=11.0."
+ "696.16&os=3&ov=&rs=vpl&k=cookies%7Csale%7Cbrowser%7Cm"
+ "ore%7Cprivacy%7Cstatistics%7Cactivities%7Cauction%7Ce"
+ "mail%7Cfree%7Cin...&t=112373&xt=5%7C61%7C0&tz=-1&ev=x"
+ "&tk=&za=1&ortb-za=1&zu=&zl=&ax=U&ay=U&ortb-pid=536454"
+ ".55&ortb-sid=112373.8&seats=999&ortb-xt=IAB24&ortb-ugc=">>,
+ <<"i=9pQNskA&v=0ySQQd1F&ev=12345678&t=12345&sz=3&ip=67.58."
+ "236.89&la=en&pg=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yahoo.com%2Fpage1.ht"
+ "m&re=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.google.com&fc=1&fr=1&br=2&bv"
+ "=3.0.14&os=1&ov=XP&k=cars%2Cford&rs=js&xt=5%7C22%7C23"
+ "4&tz=%2B180&tk=key1%3Dvalue1%7Ckey2%3Dvalue2&zl=4%2C5"
+ "%2C6&za=4&zu=competitor.com&ua=Mozilla%2F5.0+%28Windo"
+ "ws%3B+U%3B+Windows+NT+6.1%3B+en-US%29+AppleWebKit%2F5"
+ "34.13+%28KHTML%2C+like+Gecko%29+Chrome%2F9.0.597.98+S"
+ "afari%2F534.13&ortb-za=1%2C6%2C13&ortb-pid=521732&ort"
+ "b-sid=521732&ortb-xt=IAB3&ortb-ugc=">>
+ ],
+ [{V, fun() -> V = qs(parse_qs(V)) end} || V <- Tests].
+-endif.
+
+-ifdef(PERF).
+horse_parse_qs_shorter() ->
+ horse:repeat(20000,
+ parse_qs(<<"hl=en&q=erlang%20cowboy">>)
+ ).
+
+horse_parse_qs_short() ->
+ horse:repeat(20000,
+ parse_qs(
+ <<"direction=desc&for=extend%2Franch&sort=updated&state=open">>)
+ ).
+
+horse_parse_qs_long() ->
+ horse:repeat(20000,
+ parse_qs(<<"i=EWiIXmPj5gl6&v=QowBp0oDLQXdd4x_GwiywA&ip=98.20.31.81&"
+ "la=en&pg=New8.undertonebrandsafe.com%2F698a2525065ee260c0b2f2a"
+ "aad89ab82&re=&sz=1&fc=1&fr=140&br=3&bv=11.0.696.16&os=3&ov=&rs"
+ "=vpl&k=cookies%7Csale%7Cbrowser%7Cmore%7Cprivacy%7Cstatistics%"
+ "7Cactivities%7Cauction%7Cemail%7Cfree%7Cin...&t=112373&xt=5%7C"
+ "61%7C0&tz=-1&ev=x&tk=&za=1&ortb-za=1&zu=&zl=&ax=U&ay=U&ortb-pi"
+ "d=536454.55&ortb-sid=112373.8&seats=999&ortb-xt=IAB24&ortb-ugc"
+ "=">>)
+ ).
+
+horse_parse_qs_longer() ->
+ horse:repeat(20000,
+ parse_qs(<<"i=9pQNskA&v=0ySQQd1F&ev=12345678&t=12345&sz=3&ip=67.58."
+ "236.89&la=en&pg=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yahoo.com%2Fpage1.htm&re=http"
+ "%3A%2F%2Fsearch.google.com&fc=1&fr=1&br=2&bv=3.0.14&os=1&ov=XP"
+ "&k=cars%2cford&rs=js&xt=5%7c22%7c234&tz=%2b180&tk=key1%3Dvalue"
+ "1%7Ckey2%3Dvalue2&zl=4,5,6&za=4&zu=competitor.com&ua=Mozilla%2"
+ "F5.0%20(Windows%3B%20U%3B%20Windows%20NT%206.1%3B%20en-US)%20A"
+ "ppleWebKit%2F534.13%20(KHTML%2C%20like%20Gecko)%20Chrome%2F9.0"
+ ".597.98%20Safari%2F534.13&ortb-za=1%2C6%2C13&ortb-pid=521732&o"
+ "rtb-sid=521732&ortb-xt=IAB3&ortb-ugc=">>)
+ ).
+-endif.
+
+%% @doc Build an application/x-www-form-urlencoded string.
+
+-spec qs(qs_vals()) -> binary().
+qs([]) ->
+ <<>>;
+qs(L) ->
+ qs(L, <<>>).
+
+qs([], Acc) ->
+ << $&, Qs/bits >> = Acc,
+ Qs;
+qs([{Name, true}|Tail], Acc) ->
+ Acc2 = urlencode(Name, << Acc/bits, $& >>),
+ qs(Tail, Acc2);
+qs([{Name, Value}|Tail], Acc) ->
+ Acc2 = urlencode(Name, << Acc/bits, $& >>),
+ Acc3 = urlencode(Value, << Acc2/bits, $= >>),
+ qs(Tail, Acc3).
+
+-define(QS_SHORTER, [
+ {<<"hl">>, <<"en">>},
+ {<<"q">>, <<"erlang cowboy">>}
+]).
+
+-define(QS_SHORT, [
+ {<<"direction">>, <<"desc">>},
+ {<<"for">>, <<"extend/ranch">>},
+ {<<"sort">>, <<"updated">>},
+ {<<"state">>, <<"open">>}
+]).
+
+-define(QS_LONG, [
+ {<<"i">>, <<"EWiIXmPj5gl6">>},
+ {<<"v">>, <<"QowBp0oDLQXdd4x_GwiywA">>},
+ {<<"ip">>, <<"98.20.31.81">>},
+ {<<"la">>, <<"en">>},
+ {<<"pg">>, <<"New8.undertonebrandsafe.com/"
+ "698a2525065ee260c0b2f2aaad89ab82">>},
+ {<<"re">>, <<>>},
+ {<<"sz">>, <<"1">>},
+ {<<"fc">>, <<"1">>},
+ {<<"fr">>, <<"140">>},
+ {<<"br">>, <<"3">>},
+ {<<"bv">>, <<"11.0.696.16">>},
+ {<<"os">>, <<"3">>},
+ {<<"ov">>, <<>>},
+ {<<"rs">>, <<"vpl">>},
+ {<<"k">>, <<"cookies|sale|browser|more|privacy|statistics|"
+ "activities|auction|email|free|in...">>},
+ {<<"t">>, <<"112373">>},
+ {<<"xt">>, <<"5|61|0">>},
+ {<<"tz">>, <<"-1">>},
+ {<<"ev">>, <<"x">>},
+ {<<"tk">>, <<>>},
+ {<<"za">>, <<"1">>},
+ {<<"ortb-za">>, <<"1">>},
+ {<<"zu">>, <<>>},
+ {<<"zl">>, <<>>},
+ {<<"ax">>, <<"U">>},
+ {<<"ay">>, <<"U">>},
+ {<<"ortb-pid">>, <<"536454.55">>},
+ {<<"ortb-sid">>, <<"112373.8">>},
+ {<<"seats">>, <<"999">>},
+ {<<"ortb-xt">>, <<"IAB24">>},
+ {<<"ortb-ugc">>, <<>>}
+]).
+
+-define(QS_LONGER, [
+ {<<"i">>, <<"9pQNskA">>},
+ {<<"v">>, <<"0ySQQd1F">>},
+ {<<"ev">>, <<"12345678">>},
+ {<<"t">>, <<"12345">>},
+ {<<"sz">>, <<"3">>},
+ {<<"ip">>, <<"67.58.236.89">>},
+ {<<"la">>, <<"en">>},
+ {<<"pg">>, <<"http://www.yahoo.com/page1.htm">>},
+ {<<"re">>, <<"http://search.google.com">>},
+ {<<"fc">>, <<"1">>},
+ {<<"fr">>, <<"1">>},
+ {<<"br">>, <<"2">>},
+ {<<"bv">>, <<"3.0.14">>},
+ {<<"os">>, <<"1">>},
+ {<<"ov">>, <<"XP">>},
+ {<<"k">>, <<"cars,ford">>},
+ {<<"rs">>, <<"js">>},
+ {<<"xt">>, <<"5|22|234">>},
+ {<<"tz">>, <<"+180">>},
+ {<<"tk">>, <<"key1=value1|key2=value2">>},
+ {<<"zl">>, <<"4,5,6">>},
+ {<<"za">>, <<"4">>},
+ {<<"zu">>, <<"competitor.com">>},
+ {<<"ua">>, <<"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) "
+ "AppleWebKit/534.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/9.0.597.98 "
+ "Safari/534.13">>},
+ {<<"ortb-za">>, <<"1,6,13">>},
+ {<<"ortb-pid">>, <<"521732">>},
+ {<<"ortb-sid">>, <<"521732">>},
+ {<<"ortb-xt">>, <<"IAB3">>},
+ {<<"ortb-ugc">>, <<>>}
+]).
+
+-ifdef(TEST).
+qs_test_() ->
+ Tests = [
+ {[<<"a">>], error},
+ {[{<<"a">>, <<"b">>, <<"c">>}], error},
+ {[], <<>>},
+ {[{<<"a">>, true}], <<"a">>},
+ {[{<<"a">>, true}, {<<"b">>, true}], <<"a&b">>},
+ {[{<<"a">>, <<>>}], <<"a=">>},
+ {[{<<"a">>, <<"b">>}], <<"a=b">>},
+ {[{<<"a">>, <<>>}, {<<"b">>, <<>>}], <<"a=&b=">>},
+ {[{<<"a">>, <<"b">>}, {<<"c">>, true}, {<<"d">>, <<"e">>}],
+ <<"a=b&c&d=e">>},
+ {[{<<"a">>, <<"b=c">>}, {<<"d">>, <<"e=f">>}, {<<"g">>, <<"h=i">>}],
+ <<"a=b%3Dc&d=e%3Df&g=h%3Di">>},
+ {[{<<" ">>, true}], <<"+">>},
+ {[{<<" ">>, <<" ">>}], <<"+=+">>},
+ {[{<<"a b">>, <<"c d">>}], <<"a+b=c+d">>},
+ {[{<<" a ">>, <<" b ">>}, {<<" c ">>, <<" d ">>}],
+ <<"+a+=+b+&+c+=+d+">>},
+ {[{<<"%&=">>, <<"%&=">>}, {<<"_-.">>, <<".-_">>}],
+ <<"%25%26%3D=%25%26%3D&_-.=.-_">>},
+ {[{<<"for">>, <<"extend/ranch">>}], <<"for=extend%2Franch">>}
+ ],
+ [{lists:flatten(io_lib:format("~p", [Vals])), fun() ->
+ E = try qs(Vals) of
+ R -> R
+ catch _:_ ->
+ error
+ end
+ end} || {Vals, E} <- Tests].
+
+qs_identity_test_() ->
+ Tests = [
+ [{<<"+">>, true}],
+ ?QS_SHORTER,
+ ?QS_SHORT,
+ ?QS_LONG,
+ ?QS_LONGER
+ ],
+ [{lists:flatten(io_lib:format("~p", [V])), fun() ->
+ V = parse_qs(qs(V))
+ end} || V <- Tests].
+-endif.
+
+-ifdef(PERF).
+horse_qs_shorter() ->
+ horse:repeat(20000, qs(?QS_SHORTER)).
+
+horse_qs_short() ->
+ horse:repeat(20000, qs(?QS_SHORT)).
+
+horse_qs_long() ->
+ horse:repeat(20000, qs(?QS_LONG)).
+
+horse_qs_longer() ->
+ horse:repeat(20000, qs(?QS_LONGER)).
+-endif.
+
+%% @doc Decode a percent encoded string (x-www-form-urlencoded rules).
+
+-spec urldecode(B) -> B when B::binary().
+urldecode(B) ->
+ urldecode(B, <<>>).
+
+urldecode(<< $%, H, L, Rest/bits >>, Acc) ->
+ C = (unhex(H) bsl 4 bor unhex(L)),
+ urldecode(Rest, << Acc/bits, C >>);
+urldecode(<< $+, Rest/bits >>, Acc) ->
+ urldecode(Rest, << Acc/bits, " " >>);
+urldecode(<< C, Rest/bits >>, Acc) when C =/= $% ->
+ urldecode(Rest, << Acc/bits, C >>);
+urldecode(<<>>, Acc) ->
+ Acc.
+
+unhex($0) -> 0;
+unhex($1) -> 1;
+unhex($2) -> 2;
+unhex($3) -> 3;
+unhex($4) -> 4;
+unhex($5) -> 5;
+unhex($6) -> 6;
+unhex($7) -> 7;
+unhex($8) -> 8;
+unhex($9) -> 9;
+unhex($A) -> 10;
+unhex($B) -> 11;
+unhex($C) -> 12;
+unhex($D) -> 13;
+unhex($E) -> 14;
+unhex($F) -> 15;
+unhex($a) -> 10;
+unhex($b) -> 11;
+unhex($c) -> 12;
+unhex($d) -> 13;
+unhex($e) -> 14;
+unhex($f) -> 15.
+
+-ifdef(TEST).
+urldecode_test_() ->
+ Tests = [
+ {<<"%20">>, <<" ">>},
+ {<<"+">>, <<" ">>},
+ {<<"%00">>, <<0>>},
+ {<<"%fF">>, <<255>>},
+ {<<"123">>, <<"123">>},
+ {<<"%i5">>, error},
+ {<<"%5">>, error}
+ ],
+ [{Qs, fun() ->
+ E = try urldecode(Qs) of
+ R -> R
+ catch _:_ ->
+ error
+ end
+ end} || {Qs, E} <- Tests].
+
+urldecode_identity_test_() ->
+ Tests = [
+ <<"+">>,
+ <<"nothingnothingnothingnothing">>,
+ <<"Small+fast+modular+HTTP+server">>,
+ <<"Small%2C+fast%2C+modular+HTTP+server.">>,
+ <<"%E3%83%84%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BD%E3%82%A6%E3%83"
+ "%AB%E3%80%9C%E8%BC%AA%E5%BB%BB%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E6%97%8B%E5"
+ "%BE%8B%E3%80%9C">>
+ ],
+ [{V, fun() -> V = urlencode(urldecode(V)) end} || V <- Tests].
+-endif.
+
+-ifdef(PERF).
+horse_urldecode() ->
+ horse:repeat(100000,
+ urldecode(<<"nothingnothingnothingnothing">>)
+ ).
+
+horse_urldecode_plus() ->
+ horse:repeat(100000,
+ urldecode(<<"Small+fast+modular+HTTP+server">>)
+ ).
+
+horse_urldecode_hex() ->
+ horse:repeat(100000,
+ urldecode(<<"Small%2C%20fast%2C%20modular%20HTTP%20server.">>)
+ ).
+
+horse_urldecode_jp_hex() ->
+ horse:repeat(100000,
+ urldecode(<<"%E3%83%84%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BD%E3%82%A6%E3%83"
+ "%AB%E3%80%9C%E8%BC%AA%E5%BB%BB%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E6%97%8B%E5"
+ "%BE%8B%E3%80%9C">>)
+ ).
+
+horse_urldecode_mix() ->
+ horse:repeat(100000,
+ urldecode(<<"Small%2C+fast%2C+modular+HTTP+server.">>)
+ ).
+-endif.
+
+%% @doc Percent encode a string (x-www-form-urlencoded rules).
+
+-spec urlencode(B) -> B when B::binary().
+urlencode(B) ->
+ urlencode(B, <<>>).
+
+urlencode(<< $\s, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $+ >>);
+urlencode(<< $-, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $- >>);
+urlencode(<< $., Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $. >>);
+urlencode(<< $0, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $0 >>);
+urlencode(<< $1, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $1 >>);
+urlencode(<< $2, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $2 >>);
+urlencode(<< $3, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $3 >>);
+urlencode(<< $4, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $4 >>);
+urlencode(<< $5, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $5 >>);
+urlencode(<< $6, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $6 >>);
+urlencode(<< $7, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $7 >>);
+urlencode(<< $8, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $8 >>);
+urlencode(<< $9, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $9 >>);
+urlencode(<< $A, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $A >>);
+urlencode(<< $B, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $B >>);
+urlencode(<< $C, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $C >>);
+urlencode(<< $D, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $D >>);
+urlencode(<< $E, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $E >>);
+urlencode(<< $F, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $F >>);
+urlencode(<< $G, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $G >>);
+urlencode(<< $H, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $H >>);
+urlencode(<< $I, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $I >>);
+urlencode(<< $J, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $J >>);
+urlencode(<< $K, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $K >>);
+urlencode(<< $L, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $L >>);
+urlencode(<< $M, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $M >>);
+urlencode(<< $N, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $N >>);
+urlencode(<< $O, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $O >>);
+urlencode(<< $P, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $P >>);
+urlencode(<< $Q, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $Q >>);
+urlencode(<< $R, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $R >>);
+urlencode(<< $S, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $S >>);
+urlencode(<< $T, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $T >>);
+urlencode(<< $U, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $U >>);
+urlencode(<< $V, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $V >>);
+urlencode(<< $W, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $W >>);
+urlencode(<< $X, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $X >>);
+urlencode(<< $Y, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $Y >>);
+urlencode(<< $Z, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $Z >>);
+urlencode(<< $_, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $_ >>);
+urlencode(<< $a, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $a >>);
+urlencode(<< $b, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $b >>);
+urlencode(<< $c, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $c >>);
+urlencode(<< $d, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $d >>);
+urlencode(<< $e, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $e >>);
+urlencode(<< $f, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $f >>);
+urlencode(<< $g, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $g >>);
+urlencode(<< $h, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $h >>);
+urlencode(<< $i, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $i >>);
+urlencode(<< $j, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $j >>);
+urlencode(<< $k, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $k >>);
+urlencode(<< $l, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $l >>);
+urlencode(<< $m, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $m >>);
+urlencode(<< $n, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $n >>);
+urlencode(<< $o, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $o >>);
+urlencode(<< $p, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $p >>);
+urlencode(<< $q, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $q >>);
+urlencode(<< $r, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $r >>);
+urlencode(<< $s, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $s >>);
+urlencode(<< $t, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $t >>);
+urlencode(<< $u, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $u >>);
+urlencode(<< $v, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $v >>);
+urlencode(<< $w, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $w >>);
+urlencode(<< $x, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $x >>);
+urlencode(<< $y, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $y >>);
+urlencode(<< $z, Rest/bits >>, Acc) -> urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $z >>);
+urlencode(<< C, Rest/bits >>, Acc) ->
+ H = hex(C bsr 4),
+ L = hex(C band 16#0f),
+ urlencode(Rest, << Acc/bits, $%, H, L >>);
+urlencode(<<>>, Acc) ->
+ Acc.
+
+hex( 0) -> $0;
+hex( 1) -> $1;
+hex( 2) -> $2;
+hex( 3) -> $3;
+hex( 4) -> $4;
+hex( 5) -> $5;
+hex( 6) -> $6;
+hex( 7) -> $7;
+hex( 8) -> $8;
+hex( 9) -> $9;
+hex(10) -> $A;
+hex(11) -> $B;
+hex(12) -> $C;
+hex(13) -> $D;
+hex(14) -> $E;
+hex(15) -> $F.
+
+-ifdef(TEST).
+urlencode_test_() ->
+ Tests = [
+ {<<255, 0>>, <<"%FF%00">>},
+ {<<255, " ">>, <<"%FF+">>},
+ {<<" ">>, <<"+">>},
+ {<<"aBc123">>, <<"aBc123">>},
+ {<<".-_">>, <<".-_">>}
+ ],
+ [{V, fun() -> E = urlencode(V) end} || {V, E} <- Tests].
+
+urlencode_identity_test_() ->
+ Tests = [
+ <<"+">>,
+ <<"nothingnothingnothingnothing">>,
+ <<"Small fast modular HTTP server">>,
+ <<"Small, fast, modular HTTP server.">>,
+ <<227,131,132,227,130,164,227,131,179,227,130,189,227,
+ 130,166,227,131,171,227,128,156,232,188,170,229,187,187,227,
+ 129,153,227,130,139,230,151,139,229,190,139,227,128,156>>
+ ],
+ [{V, fun() -> V = urldecode(urlencode(V)) end} || V <- Tests].
+-endif.
+
+-ifdef(PERF).
+horse_urlencode() ->
+ horse:repeat(100000,
+ urlencode(<<"nothingnothingnothingnothing">>)
+ ).
+
+horse_urlencode_plus() ->
+ horse:repeat(100000,
+ urlencode(<<"Small fast modular HTTP server">>)
+ ).
+
+horse_urlencode_jp() ->
+ horse:repeat(100000,
+ urlencode(<<227,131,132,227,130,164,227,131,179,227,130,189,227,
+ 130,166,227,131,171,227,128,156,232,188,170,229,187,187,227,
+ 129,153,227,130,139,230,151,139,229,190,139,227,128,156>>)
+ ).
+
+horse_urlencode_mix() ->
+ horse:repeat(100000,
+ urlencode(<<"Small, fast, modular HTTP server.">>)
+ ).
+-endif.