path: root/erts/emulator/beam/ops.tab

#
# %CopyrightBegin%
#
# Copyright Ericsson AB 1997-2010. All Rights Reserved.
#
# The contents of this file are subject to the Erlang Public License,
# Version 1.1, (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
# compliance with the License. You should have received a copy of the
# Erlang Public License along with this software. If not, it can be
# retrieved online at http://www.erlang.org/.
#
# Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS"
# basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See
# the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
# under the License.
#
# %CopyrightEnd%
#

#
# The instructions that follows are only known by the loader and the emulator.
# They can be changed without recompiling old Beam files.
#
# Instructions starting with a "i_" prefix are instructions produced by
# instruction transformations; thus, they never occur in BEAM files.
#

# Special instruction used to generate an error message when
# trying to load a module compiled by the V1 compiler (R5 & R6).
# (Specially treated in beam_load.c.)

too_old_compiler/0
too_old_compiler

#
# Obsolete instruction usage follow. (Nowdays we use f with
# a zero label instead of p.)
#

is_list p S => too_old_compiler
is_nonempty_list p R => too_old_compiler
is_nil p R => too_old_compiler

is_tuple p S => too_old_compiler
test_arity p S Arity => too_old_compiler

is_integer p R => too_old_compiler
is_float p R => too_old_compiler
is_atom p R => too_old_compiler

is_eq_exact p S1 S2 => too_old_compiler

# In R9C and earlier, the loader used to insert special instructions inside
# the module_info/0,1 functions. (In R10B and later, the compiler inserts
# an explicit call to an undocumented BIF, so that no loader trickery is
# necessary.) Since the instructions don't work correctly in R12B, simply
# refuse to load the module.

func_info M=a a==am_module_info A=u==0 | label L | move n r => too_old_compiler
func_info M=a a==am_module_info A=u==1 | label L | move n r => too_old_compiler

# The undocumented and unsupported guard BIF is_constant/1 was removed
# in R13. The is_constant/2 operation is marked as obsolete in genop.tab,
# so the loader will automatically generate a too_old_compiler message
# it is used, but we need to handle the is_constant/1 BIF specially here.

bif1 Fail u$func:erlang:is_constant/1 Src Dst => too_old_compiler

# Since the constant pool was introduced in R12B, empty tuples ({})
# are literals. Therefore we no longer need to allow put_tuple/2
# with a tuple size of zero.

put_tuple u==0 d => too_old_compiler

#
# All the other instructions.
#

label L
i_func_info I a a I
int_code_end

i_trace_breakpoint
i_mtrace_breakpoint
i_debug_breakpoint
i_count_breakpoint
i_time_breakpoint
i_return_time_trace
i_return_to_trace
i_yield
i_global_cons
i_global_tuple
i_global_copy

return

%macro: allocate Allocate -pack
%macro: allocate_zero AllocateZero -pack
%macro: allocate_heap AllocateHeap -pack
%macro: allocate_heap_zero AllocateHeapZero -pack
%macro: test_heap TestHeap -pack

allocate t t
allocate_heap I I I
deallocate I
init y
allocate_zero t t
allocate_heap_zero I I I

trim N Remaining => i_trim N
i_trim I

test_heap I I

allocate_heap S u==0 R => allocate S R
allocate_heap_zero S u==0 R => allocate_zero S R

init2 y y
init3 y y y
init Y1 | init Y2 | init Y3 => init3 Y1 Y2 Y3
init Y1 | init Y2 => init2 Y1 Y2
%macro: init2 Init2 -pack
%macro: init3 Init3 -pack

# Selecting values

select_val S=q Fail=f Size=u Rest=* => const_select_val(S, Fail, Size, Rest)

select_val S=s Fail=f Size=u Rest=* | use_jump_tab(Size, Rest) => \
  gen_jump_tab(S, Fail, Size, Rest)

is_integer Fail=f S | select_val S=s Fail=f Size=u Rest=* | use_jump_tab(Size, Rest) => \
  gen_jump_tab(S, Fail, Size, Rest)

select_val S=s Fail=f Size=u Rest=* | mixed_types(Size, Rest) => \
  gen_split_values(S, Fail, Size, Rest)

is_integer Fail=f S | select_val S=s Fail=f Size=u Rest=* | \
  fixed_size_values(Size, Rest) => gen_select_val(S, Fail, Size, Rest)

is_atom Fail=f S | select_val S=s Fail=f Size=u Rest=* | \
  fixed_size_values(Size, Rest) => gen_select_val(S, Fail, Size, Rest)

select_val S=s Fail=f Size=u Rest=* | fixed_size_values(Size, Rest) => \
  gen_select_val(S, Fail, Size, Rest)

select_val S=s Fail=f Size=u Rest=* | all_values_are_big(Size, Rest) => \
  gen_select_big(S, Fail, Size, Rest)

is_tuple Fail=f S | select_tuple_arity S=s Fail=f Size=u Rest=* => \
  gen_select_tuple_arity(S, Fail, Size, Rest)

select_tuple_arity S=s Fail=f Size=u Rest=* => \
  gen_select_tuple_arity(S, Fail, Size, Rest)

i_select_val s f I
i_select_tuple_arity s f I
i_select_big s f
i_select_float s f I

i_jump_on_val_zero s f I
i_jump_on_val s f I I

%macro: get_list GetList -pack
get_list x x x
get_list x x y
get_list x x r
get_list x y x
get_list x y y
get_list x y r
get_list x r x
get_list x r y

get_list y x x
get_list y x y
get_list y x r
get_list y y x
get_list y y y
get_list y y r
get_list y r x
get_list y r y

get_list r x x
get_list r x y
get_list r x r
get_list r y x
get_list r y y
get_list r y r
get_list r r x
get_list r r y

# Old-style catch.
catch y f
catch_end y

# Try/catch.
try Y F => catch Y F
try_case Y => try_end Y
try_end y

try_case_end Literal=q => move Literal x | try_case_end x
try_case_end s

# Destructive set tuple element

set_tuple_element Lit=q Tuple Pos => move Lit x | set_tuple_element x Tuple Pos
set_tuple_element s d P

# Get tuple element

%macro: i_get_tuple_element GetTupleElement -pack
i_get_tuple_element x P x
i_get_tuple_element r P x
i_get_tuple_element y P x
i_get_tuple_element x P r
i_get_tuple_element y P r

%cold
i_get_tuple_element r P r
i_get_tuple_element x P y
i_get_tuple_element r P y
i_get_tuple_element y P y
%hot

%macro: is_number IsNumber -fail_action
%cold
is_number f r
is_number f x
is_number f y
%hot
is_number Fail=f i =>
is_number Fail=f na => jump Fail
is_number Fail Literal=q => move Literal x | is_number Fail x

jump f

case_end Literal=q => move Literal x | case_end x
badmatch Literal=q => move Literal x | badmatch x

case_end s
badmatch s
if_end
raise s s

# Internal now, but could be useful to make known to the compiler.
badarg j
system_limit j

move R R =>

move X1=x Y1=y | move X2=x Y2=y => move2 X1 Y1 X2 Y2
move Y1=y X1=x | move Y2=y X2=x => move2 Y1 X1 Y2 X2

%macro: move2 Move2 -pack
move2 x y x y
move2 y x y x

%macro:move Move -pack -gen_dest
move x x
move x y
move x r
move y x
move y r
move r x
move r y
move c r
move c x
move c y
move n x
move n r
move y y

%cold
move s d
%hot

# Receive operations.

loop_rec Fail Src | smp_mark_target_label(Fail) => i_loop_rec Fail Src

label L | wait_timeout Fail Src | smp_already_locked(L) => label L | i_wait_timeout_locked Fail Src
wait_timeout Fail Src => i_wait_timeout Fail Src
i_wait_timeout Fail Src=aiq => gen_literal_timeout(Fail, Src)
i_wait_timeout_locked Fail Src=aiq => gen_literal_timeout_locked(Fail, Src)

label L | wait Fail | smp_already_locked(L) => label L | wait_locked Fail
wait Fail | smp() => wait_unlocked Fail

label L | timeout | smp_already_locked(L) => label L | timeout_locked

remove_message
timeout
timeout_locked
i_loop_rec f r
loop_rec_end f
wait f
wait_locked f
wait_unlocked f
i_wait_timeout f I
i_wait_timeout f s
i_wait_timeout_locked f I
i_wait_timeout_locked f s
i_wait_error
i_wait_error_locked

send

#
# Comparisions.
#

is_eq_exact Lbl=f R=rxy C=ian => i_is_eq_immed Lbl R C
is_eq Lbl=f R=rxy C=an => i_is_eq_immed Lbl R C

is_ge Lbl S1 S2 => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_is_ge Lbl
is_lt Lbl S1 S2 => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_is_lt Lbl
is_eq Lbl S1 S2 => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_is_eq Lbl
is_ne Lbl S1 S2 => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_is_ne Lbl

is_eq_exact Lbl=f S1 S2 => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_is_eq_exact Lbl
is_ne_exact Lbl S1 S2 => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_is_ne_exact Lbl

i_is_lt f
i_is_ge f
i_is_eq f
i_is_ne f
i_is_eq_exact f
i_is_ne_exact f

%macro: i_is_eq_immed EqualImmed -fail_action
i_is_eq_immed f r c
i_is_eq_immed f x c
i_is_eq_immed f y c

#
# Putting things.
#

put_tuple Arity Dst | put V => i_put_tuple Arity V Dst

%macro: i_put_tuple PutTuple -pack
i_put_tuple A x x
i_put_tuple A y x
i_put_tuple A r x
i_put_tuple A n x
i_put_tuple A c x
i_put_tuple A x y
i_put_tuple A x r
i_put_tuple A y r
i_put_tuple A n r
i_put_tuple A c r

%cold
i_put_tuple A r y
i_put_tuple A y y
i_put_tuple A c y
%hot

%macro:put_list PutList -pack -gen_dest

put_list x n x
put_list y n x
put_list x x x
put_list y x x
put_list c n x
put_list x x r
put_list y r r
put_list c n r

put_list y y x
put_list x y x
put_list r x x
put_list r y x
put_list r x r
put_list y y r
put_list y r x
put_list r n x

# put_list SrcReg Constant Dst
put_list r c r
put_list r c x
put_list r c y

put_list x c r
put_list x c x
put_list x c y

put_list y c r
put_list y c x
put_list y c y

# put_list Constant SrcReg Dst
put_list c r r
put_list c r x
put_list c r y

put_list c x r
put_list c x x
put_list c x y

put_list c y r
put_list c y x
put_list c y y

%cold
put_list x r r
put_list s s d
%hot

%macro: put Put
put x
put r
put y
put c
put n

%macro: i_fetch FetchArgs -pack
i_fetch c c
i_fetch c r
i_fetch c x
i_fetch c y
i_fetch r c
i_fetch r x
i_fetch r y
i_fetch x c
i_fetch x r
i_fetch x x
i_fetch x y
i_fetch y c
i_fetch y r
i_fetch y x
i_fetch y y

%cold
i_fetch s s
%hot

#
# Some more only used by the emulator
#

normal_exit
continue_exit
apply_bif
call_nif
call_error_handler
error_action_code
call_traced_function
return_trace

#
# Instruction transformations & folded instructions.
#

# Note: There is no 'move_return y r', since there never are any y registers
# when we do move_return (if we have y registers, we must do move_deallocate_return).

move S r | return => move_return S r

%macro: move_return MoveReturn -nonext
move_return x r
move_return c r
move_return n r

move S r | deallocate D | return => move_deallocate_return S r D

%macro: move_deallocate_return MoveDeallocateReturn -nonext
move_deallocate_return x r P
move_deallocate_return y r P
move_deallocate_return c r P
move_deallocate_return n r P

deallocate D | return => deallocate_return D

%macro: deallocate_return DeallocateReturn -nonext
deallocate_return P

test_heap Need u==1 | put_list Y=y r r => test_heap_1_put_list Need Y

test_heap_1_put_list I y

# Test tuple & arity (head)

is_tuple Fail Literal=q => move Literal x | is_tuple Fail x
is_tuple Fail=f c => jump Fail
is_tuple Fail=f S=rxy | test_arity Fail=f S=rxy Arity => is_tuple_of_arity Fail S Arity

%macro:is_tuple_of_arity IsTupleOfArity -fail_action

is_tuple_of_arity f x A
is_tuple_of_arity f y A
is_tuple_of_arity f r A

%macro: is_tuple IsTuple -fail_action
is_tuple f x
is_tuple f y
is_tuple f r

test_arity Fail Literal=q Arity => move Literal x | test_arity Fail x Arity
test_arity Fail=f c Arity => jump Fail

%macro: test_arity IsArity -fail_action
test_arity f x A
test_arity f y A
test_arity f r A

is_tuple_of_arity Fail=f Reg Arity | get_tuple_element Reg P=u==0 Dst=xy => \
  is_tuple_of_arity Fail Reg Arity | extract_next_element Dst | original_reg Reg P

test_arity Fail Reg Arity | get_tuple_element Reg P=u==0 Dst=xy => \
  test_arity Fail Reg Arity | extract_next_element Dst | original_reg Reg P

original_reg Reg P1 | get_tuple_element Reg P2 Dst=xy | succ(P1, P2) => \
  extract_next_element Dst | original_reg Reg P2

get_tuple_element Reg P Dst => i_get_tuple_element Reg P Dst | original_reg Reg P

original_reg Reg Pos =>

get_tuple_element Reg P Dst => i_get_tuple_element Reg P Dst

original_reg/2

extract_next_element D1=xy | original_reg Reg P1 | get_tuple_element Reg P2 D2=xy | \
succ(P1, P2) | succ(D1, D2) => \
  extract_next_element2 D1 | original_reg Reg P2

extract_next_element2 D1=xy | original_reg Reg P1 | get_tuple_element Reg P2 D2=xy | \
succ(P1, P2) | succ2(D1, D2) => \
  extract_next_element3 D1 | original_reg Reg P2

#extract_next_element3 D1=xy | original_reg Reg P1 | get_tuple_element Reg P2 D2=xy | \
#succ(P1, P2) | succ3(D1, D2) => \
#  extract_next_element4 D1 | original_reg Reg P2

%macro: extract_next_element ExtractNextElement -pack
extract_next_element x
extract_next_element y

%macro: extract_next_element2 ExtractNextElement2 -pack
extract_next_element2 x
extract_next_element2 y

%macro: extract_next_element3 ExtractNextElement3 -pack
extract_next_element3 x
extract_next_element3 y

#%macro: extract_next_element4 ExtractNextElement4 -pack
#extract_next_element4 x
#extract_next_element4 y

is_integer Fail=f i =>
is_integer Fail=f an => jump Fail
is_integer Fail Literal=q => move Literal x | is_integer Fail x

is_integer Fail=f S=rx | allocate Need Regs => is_integer_allocate Fail S Need Regs

%macro: is_integer_allocate IsIntegerAllocate -fail_action
is_integer_allocate f x I I
is_integer_allocate f r I I

%macro: is_integer IsInteger -fail_action
is_integer f x
is_integer f y
is_integer f r

is_list Fail=f n =>
is_list Fail Literal=q => move Literal x | is_list Fail x
is_list Fail=f c => jump Fail
%macro: is_list IsList -fail_action
is_list f r
is_list f x
%cold
is_list f y
%hot

is_nonempty_list Fail=f S=rx | allocate Need Rs => is_nonempty_list_allocate Fail S Need Rs

%macro:is_nonempty_list_allocate IsNonemptyListAllocate -fail_action
is_nonempty_list_allocate f x I I
is_nonempty_list_allocate f r I I

is_nonempty_list F=f r | test_heap I1 I2 => is_non_empty_list_test_heap F r I1 I2

%macro: is_non_empty_list_test_heap IsNonemptyListTestHeap -fail_action
is_non_empty_list_test_heap f r I I

%macro: is_nonempty_list IsNonemptyList -fail_action
is_nonempty_list f x
is_nonempty_list f y
is_nonempty_list f r

%macro: is_atom IsAtom -fail_action
is_atom f x
is_atom f r
%cold
is_atom f y
%hot
is_atom Fail=f a =>
is_atom Fail=f niq => jump Fail

%macro: is_float IsFloat -fail_action
is_float f r
is_float f x
%cold
is_float f y
%hot
is_float Fail=f nai => jump Fail
is_float Fail Literal=q => move Literal x | is_float Fail x

is_nil Fail=f n =>
is_nil Fail=f qia => jump Fail

%macro: is_nil IsNil -fail_action
is_nil f x
is_nil f y
is_nil f r

is_binary Fail Literal=q => move Literal x | is_binary Fail x
is_binary Fail=f c => jump Fail
%macro: is_binary IsBinary -fail_action
is_binary f r
is_binary f x
%cold
is_binary f y
%hot

# XXX Deprecated.
is_bitstr Fail Term => is_bitstring Fail Term

is_bitstring Fail Literal=q => move Literal x | is_bitstring Fail x
is_bitstring Fail=f c => jump Fail
%macro: is_bitstring IsBitstring -fail_action
is_bitstring f r
is_bitstring f x
%cold
is_bitstring f y
%hot

is_reference Fail=f cq => jump Fail
%macro: is_reference IsRef -fail_action
is_reference f r
is_reference f x
%cold
is_reference f y
%hot

is_pid Fail=f cq => jump Fail
%macro: is_pid IsPid -fail_action
is_pid f r
is_pid f x
%cold
is_pid f y
%hot

is_port Fail=f cq => jump Fail
%macro: is_port IsPort -fail_action
is_port f r
is_port f x
%cold
is_port f y
%hot

is_boolean Fail=f a==am_true =>
is_boolean Fail=f a==am_false =>
is_boolean Fail=f ac => jump Fail

%cold
%macro: is_boolean IsBoolean -fail_action
is_boolean f r
is_boolean f x
is_boolean f y
%hot

is_function2 Fail=f acq Arity => jump Fail
is_function2 Fail=f Fun a => jump Fail
is_function2 Fail Fun Literal=q => move Literal x | is_function2 Fail Fun x

is_function2 f s s
%macro: is_function2 IsFunction2 -fail_action

# Allocating & initializing.
allocate Need Regs | init Y => allocate_init Need Regs Y
init Y1 | init Y2 => init2 Y1 Y2

%macro: allocate_init AllocateInit -pack
allocate_init t I y

#################################################################
# External function and bif calls.
#################################################################

#
# The BIFs erlang:check_process_code/2 must be called like a function,
# to ensure that c_p->i (program counter) is set correctly (an ordinary
# BIF call doesn't set it).
#

call_ext u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:check_process_code/2 => i_call_ext Bif
call_ext_last u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:check_process_code/2 D => i_call_ext_last Bif D
call_ext_only u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:check_process_code/2 => i_call_ext_only Bif

#
# The BIFs erlang:garbage_collect/0,1 must be called like functions,
# to allow them to invoke the garbage collector. (The stack pointer must
# be saved and p->arity must be zeroed, which is not done on ordinary BIF calls.)
#

call_ext u==0 Bif=u$bif:erlang:garbage_collect/0 => i_call_ext Bif
call_ext_last u==0 Bif=u$bif:erlang:garbage_collect/0 D => i_call_ext_last Bif D
call_ext_only u==0 Bif=u$bif:erlang:garbage_collect/0 => i_call_ext_only Bif

call_ext u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:garbage_collect/1 => i_call_ext Bif
call_ext_last u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:garbage_collect/1 D => i_call_ext_last Bif D
call_ext_only u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:garbage_collect/1 => i_call_ext_only Bif

#
# put/2 and erase/1 must be able to do garbage collection, so we must call
# them like functions.
#

call_ext u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:put/2 => i_call_ext Bif
call_ext_last u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:put/2 D => i_call_ext_last Bif D
call_ext_only u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:put/2 => i_call_ext_only Bif

call_ext u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:erase/1 => i_call_ext Bif
call_ext_last u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:erase/1 D => i_call_ext_last Bif D
call_ext_only u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:erase/1 => i_call_ext_only Bif

#
# The process_info/1,2 BIF should be called like a function, to force
# the emulator to set c_p->current before calling it (a BIF call doesn't
# set it).
#
# In addition, we force the use of a non-tail-recursive call.  This will ensure
# that c_p->cp points into the function making the call.
#

call_ext u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:process_info/1 => i_call_ext Bif
call_ext_last u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:process_info/1 D => i_call_ext Bif | deallocate_return D
call_ext_only Ar=u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:process_info/1 => allocate u Ar | i_call_ext Bif | deallocate_return u

call_ext u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:process_info/2 => i_call_ext Bif
call_ext_last u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:process_info/2 D => i_call_ext Bif | deallocate_return D
call_ext_only Ar=u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:process_info/2 => allocate u Ar | i_call_ext Bif | deallocate_return u

#
# load_nif/2 also needs to know calling function like process_info
#
call_ext u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:load_nif/2 => i_call_ext Bif
call_ext_last u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:load_nif/2 D => i_call_ext Bif | deallocate_return D
call_ext_only Ar=u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:load_nif/2 => allocate u Ar | i_call_ext Bif | deallocate_return u


#
# The apply/2 and apply/3 BIFs are instructions.
#

call_ext u==2 u$func:erlang:apply/2 => i_apply_fun
call_ext_last u==2 u$func:erlang:apply/2 D => i_apply_fun_last D
call_ext_only u==2 u$func:erlang:apply/2 => i_apply_fun_only

call_ext u==3 u$func:erlang:apply/3 => i_apply
call_ext_last u==3 u$func:erlang:apply/3 D => i_apply_last D
call_ext_only u==3 u$func:erlang:apply/3 => i_apply_only

#
# The exit/1 and throw/1 BIFs never execute the instruction following them;
# thus there is no need to generate any return instruction.
#

call_ext_last u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:exit/1 D => call_bif1 Bif
call_ext_last u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:throw/1 D => call_bif1 Bif

call_ext_only u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:exit/1 => call_bif1 Bif
call_ext_only u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:throw/1 => call_bif1 Bif

#
# The error/1 and error/2 BIFs never execute the instruction following them;
# thus there is no need to generate any return instruction.
# However, they generate stack backtraces, so if the call instruction
# is call_ext_only/2 instruction, we explicitly do an allocate/2 to store
# the continuation pointer on the stack.
#

call_ext_last u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:error/1 D => call_bif1 Bif
call_ext_last u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:error/2 D => call_bif2 Bif

call_ext_only Ar=u==1 Bif=u$bif:erlang:error/1 => \
  allocate u Ar | call_bif1 Bif
call_ext_only Ar=u==2 Bif=u$bif:erlang:error/2 => \
  allocate u Ar | call_bif2 Bif

#
# The yield/0 BIF is an instruction
#

call_ext u==0 u$func:erlang:yield/0 => i_yield
call_ext_last u==0 u$func:erlang:yield/0 D => i_yield | deallocate_return D
call_ext_only u==0 u$func:erlang:yield/0 => i_yield | return

#
# The hibernate/3 BIF is an instruction.
#
call_ext u==3 u$func:erlang:hibernate/3 => i_hibernate
call_ext_last u==3 u$func:erlang:hibernate/3 D => i_hibernate
call_ext_only u==3 u$func:erlang:hibernate/3 => i_hibernate

#
# Hybrid memory architecture need special cons and tuple instructions
# that allocate on the message area. These looks like BIFs in the BEAM code.
#

call_ext u==2 u$func:hybrid:cons/2 => i_global_cons
call_ext_last u==2 u$func:hybrid:cons/2 D => i_global_cons | deallocate_return D
call_ext_only Ar=u==2 u$func:hybrid:cons/2 => i_global_cons | return

call_ext u==1 u$func:hybrid:tuple/1 => i_global_tuple
call_ext_last u==1 u$func:hybrid:tuple/1 D => i_global_tuple | deallocate_return D
call_ext_only Ar=u==1 u$func:hybrid:tuple/1 => i_global_tuple | return

call_ext u==1 u$func:hybrid:copy/1 => i_global_copy
call_ext_last u==1 u$func:hybrid:copy/1 D => i_global_copy | deallocate_return D
call_ext_only u==1 Ar=u$func:hybrid:copy/1 => i_global_copy | return

#
# The general case for BIFs that have no special instructions.
# A BIF used in the tail must be followed by a return instruction.
#
# To make trapping and stack backtraces work correctly, we make sure that
# the continuation pointer is always stored on the stack.

call_ext u==0 Bif=u$is_bif => call_bif0 Bif
call_ext u==1 Bif=u$is_bif => call_bif1 Bif
call_ext u==2 Bif=u$is_bif => call_bif2 Bif
call_ext u==3 Bif=$is_bif => call_bif3 Bif

call_ext_last u==0 Bif=u$is_bif D => call_bif0 Bif | deallocate_return D
call_ext_last u==1 Bif=u$is_bif D => call_bif1 Bif | deallocate_return D
call_ext_last u==2 Bif=u$is_bif D => call_bif2 Bif | deallocate_return D
call_ext_last u==3 Bif=u$is_bif D => call_bif3 Bif | deallocate_return D

call_ext_only Ar=u==0 Bif=u$is_bif => \
  allocate u Ar | call_bif0 Bif | deallocate_return u
call_ext_only Ar=u==1 Bif=u$is_bif => \
  allocate u Ar | call_bif1 Bif | deallocate_return u
call_ext_only Ar=u==2 Bif=u$is_bif => \
  allocate u Ar | call_bif2 Bif | deallocate_return u
call_ext_only Ar=u==3 Bif=u$is_bif => \
  allocate u Ar | call_bif3 Bif | deallocate_return u

#
# Any remaining calls are calls to Erlang functions, not BIFs.
# We rename the instructions to internal names.  This is necessary,
# to avoid an end-less loop, because we want to call a few BIFs
# with call instructions.
#

move S=c r | call_ext Ar=u Func=u$is_not_bif => i_move_call_ext S r Func
move S=c r | call_ext_last Ar=u Func=u$is_not_bif D => i_move_call_ext_last Func D S r
move S=c r | call_ext_only Ar=u Func=u$is_not_bif => i_move_call_ext_only Func S r 

call_ext Ar=u Func        => i_call_ext Func
call_ext_last Ar=u Func D => i_call_ext_last Func D
call_ext_only Ar=u Func   => i_call_ext_only Func

i_apply
i_apply_last P
i_apply_only

i_apply_fun
i_apply_fun_last P
i_apply_fun_only

i_hibernate

call_bif0 e
call_bif1 e
call_bif2 e
call_bif3 e

#
# Calls to non-building and guard BIFs.
#

bif0 u$bif:erlang:self/0 Dst=d => self Dst
bif0 u$bif:erlang:node/0 Dst=d => node Dst

bif1 Fail Bif=u$bif:erlang:get/1 Src=s Dst=d => i_get Src Dst

bif2 Jump=j u$bif:erlang:element/2 S1=s S2=s Dst=d => gen_element(Jump, S1, S2, Dst)

bif1 Fail Bif Literal=q Dst => move Literal x | bif1 Fail Bif x Dst
bif1 p Bif S1 Dst => bif1_body Bif S1 Dst

bif1_body Bif Literal=q Dst => move Literal x | bif1_body Bif x Dst

bif2 p Bif S1 S2 Dst => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_bif2_body Bif Dst
bif2 Fail=f Bif S1 S2 Dst => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_bif2 Fail Bif Dst

i_get s d

%macro: self Self
self r
self x
self y

%macro: node Node
node r
node x
%cold
node y
%hot

i_fast_element j I s d
i_element j s s d

bif1 f b s d
bif1_body b s d
i_bif2 f b d
i_bif2_body b d

#
# Internal calls.
#

move S=c r | call Ar P=f => i_move_call S r P
move S=s r | call Ar P=f => move_call S r P

i_move_call c r f

%macro:move_call MoveCall -arg_f -size -nonext
move_call/3

move_call x r f
move_call y r f

move S=c r | call_last Ar P=f D => i_move_call_last P D S r
move S r | call_last Ar P=f D => move_call_last S r P D

i_move_call_last f P c r

%macro:move_call_last MoveCallLast -arg_f -nonext

move_call_last/4
move_call_last x r f P
move_call_last y r f P

move S=c r | call_only Ar P=f => i_move_call_only P S r
move S=x r | call_only Ar P=f => move_call_only S r P

i_move_call_only f c r

%macro:move_call_only MoveCallOnly -arg_f -nonext
move_call_only/3

move_call_only x r f

call Ar Func        => i_call Func
call_last Ar Func D => i_call_last Func D
call_only Ar Func   => i_call_only Func

i_call f
i_call_last f P
i_call_only f

i_call_ext e
i_call_ext_last e P
i_call_ext_only e

i_move_call_ext c r e
i_move_call_ext_last e P c r
i_move_call_ext_only e c r

# Fun calls.

call_fun Arity=u | deallocate D | return => i_call_fun_last Arity D
call_fun Arity=u => i_call_fun Arity

i_call_fun I
i_call_fun_last I P

make_fun2 OldIndex=u => gen_make_fun2(OldIndex)

%macro: i_make_fun MakeFun -pack
%cold
i_make_fun I t
%hot

%macro: is_function IsFunction -fail_action
is_function f x
is_function f y
is_function f r
is_function Fail=f c => jump Fail

func_info M=a F=a A=u | label L => gen_func_info(M, F, A, L)

# ================================================================
# New bit syntax matching (R11B).
# ================================================================

%cold
bs_start_match2 Fail=f ica X Y D => jump Fail
bs_start_match2 Fail Bin X Y D => i_bs_start_match2 Bin Fail X Y D
i_bs_start_match2 r f I I d
i_bs_start_match2 x f I I d
i_bs_start_match2 y f I I d

bs_save2 Reg Index => gen_bs_save(Reg, Index)
i_bs_save2 r I
i_bs_save2 x I

bs_restore2 Reg Index => gen_bs_restore(Reg, Index)
i_bs_restore2 r I
i_bs_restore2 x I

# Matching integers
bs_match_string Fail Ms Bits Val => i_bs_match_string Ms Fail Bits Val

i_bs_match_string r f I I
i_bs_match_string x f I I

# Fetching integers from binaries.
bs_get_integer2 Fail=f Ms=rx Live=u Sz=sq Unit=u Flags=u Dst=d => \
			gen_get_integer2(Fail, Ms, Live, Sz, Unit, Flags, Dst)

i_bs_get_integer_small_imm r I f I d
i_bs_get_integer_small_imm x I f I d
i_bs_get_integer_imm r I I f I d
i_bs_get_integer_imm x I I f I d
i_bs_get_integer f I I d
i_bs_get_integer_8 r f d
i_bs_get_integer_8 x f d
i_bs_get_integer_16 r f d
i_bs_get_integer_16 x f d
i_bs_get_integer_32 r f I d
i_bs_get_integer_32 x f I d

# Fetching binaries from binaries.
bs_get_binary2 Fail=f Ms=rx Live=u Sz=sq Unit=u Flags=u Dst=d => \
			gen_get_binary2(Fail, Ms, Live, Sz, Unit, Flags, Dst)

%macro: i_bs_get_binary_imm2 BsGetBinaryImm_2 -fail_action -gen_dest
%macro: i_bs_get_binary2 BsGetBinary_2 -fail_action -gen_dest
%macro: i_bs_get_binary_all2 BsGetBinaryAll_2 -fail_action -gen_dest

i_bs_get_binary_imm2 f r I I I d
i_bs_get_binary_imm2 f x I I I d
i_bs_get_binary2 f r I s I d
i_bs_get_binary2 f x I s I d
i_bs_get_binary_all2 f r I I d
i_bs_get_binary_all2 f x I I d
i_bs_get_binary_all_reuse r f I
i_bs_get_binary_all_reuse x f I

# Fetching float from binaries.
bs_get_float2 Fail=f Ms=rx Live=u Sz=s Unit=u Flags=u Dst=d => \
		gen_get_float2(Fail, Ms, Live, Sz, Unit, Flags, Dst)

bs_get_float2 Fail=f Ms=rx Live=u Sz=q Unit=u Flags=u Dst=d => jump Fail

%macro: i_bs_get_float2 BsGetFloat2 -fail_action -gen_dest
i_bs_get_float2 f r I s I d
i_bs_get_float2 f x I s I d

# Miscellanous

bs_skip_bits2 Fail=f Ms=rx Sz=s Unit=u Flags=u => \
			gen_skip_bits2(Fail, Ms, Sz, Unit, Flags)
bs_skip_bits2 Fail=f Ms=rx Sz=q Unit=u Flags=u => \
			gen_skip_bits2(Fail, Ms, Sz, Unit, Flags)

%macro: i_bs_skip_bits_imm2 BsSkipBitsImm2 -fail_action
i_bs_skip_bits_imm2 f r I
i_bs_skip_bits_imm2 f x I

%macro: i_bs_skip_bits2 BsSkipBits2 -fail_action
i_bs_skip_bits2 f r x I
i_bs_skip_bits2 f r y I
i_bs_skip_bits2 f x x I
i_bs_skip_bits2 f x r I
i_bs_skip_bits2 f x y I

%macro: i_bs_skip_bits_all2 BsSkipBitsAll2 -fail_action
i_bs_skip_bits_all2 f r I
i_bs_skip_bits_all2 f x I 

bs_test_tail2 Fail=f Ms=rx Bits=u==0 => bs_test_zero_tail2 Fail Ms
bs_test_tail2 Fail=f Ms=rx Bits=u => bs_test_tail_imm2 Fail Ms Bits
bs_test_zero_tail2 f r
bs_test_zero_tail2 f x
bs_test_tail_imm2 f r I
bs_test_tail_imm2 f x I

bs_test_unit F Ms Unit=u==8 => bs_test_unit8 F Ms
bs_test_unit f r I
bs_test_unit f x I
bs_test_unit8 f r
bs_test_unit8 f x

bs_context_to_binary r
bs_context_to_binary x
bs_context_to_binary y

#
# Utf8/utf16/utf32 support. (R12B-5)
#
bs_get_utf8 Fail=f Ms=rx u u Dst=d => i_bs_get_utf8 Ms Fail Dst
i_bs_get_utf8 r f d
i_bs_get_utf8 x f d

bs_skip_utf8 Fail=f Ms=rx u u => i_bs_get_utf8 Ms Fail x

bs_get_utf16 Fail=f Ms=rx u Flags=u Dst=d => i_bs_get_utf16 Ms Fail Flags Dst
bs_skip_utf16 Fail=f Ms=rx u Flags=u => i_bs_get_utf16 Ms Fail Flags x

i_bs_get_utf16 r f I d
i_bs_get_utf16 x f I d

bs_get_utf32 Fail=f Ms=rx Live=u Flags=u Dst=d => \
	bs_get_integer2 Fail Ms Live i=32 u=1 Flags Dst | \
	i_fetch Dst Ms | \
	i_bs_validate_unicode_retract Fail
bs_skip_utf32 Fail=f Ms=rx Live=u Flags=u => \
	bs_get_integer2 Fail Ms Live i=32 u=1 Flags x | \
	i_fetch x Ms | \
	i_bs_validate_unicode_retract Fail

i_bs_validate_unicode_retract j
%hot

#
# Constructing binaries
#
%cold

bs_init2 Fail Sz Words Regs Flags Dst | binary_too_big(Sz) => system_limit Fail

bs_init2 Fail Sz=u Words=u==0 Regs Flags Dst | should_gen_heap_bin(Sz) => \
	i_bs_init_heap_bin Sz Regs Dst
bs_init2 Fail Sz=u Words=u==0 Regs Flags Dst => i_bs_init Sz Regs Dst

bs_init2 Fail Sz=u Words Regs Flags Dst | should_gen_heap_bin(Sz) => \
	i_bs_init_heap_bin_heap Sz Words Regs Dst
bs_init2 Fail Sz=u Words Regs Flags Dst => \
   i_bs_init_heap Sz Words Regs Dst

bs_init2 Fail Sz Words=u==0 Regs Flags Dst => \
  i_bs_init_fail Sz Fail Regs Dst
bs_init2 Fail Sz Words Regs Flags Dst => \
  i_fetch Sz r | i_bs_init_fail_heap Words Fail Regs Dst

i_bs_init_fail r j I d
i_bs_init_fail x j I d
i_bs_init_fail y j I d

i_bs_init_fail_heap I j I d

i_bs_init I I d
i_bs_init_heap_bin I I d

i_bs_init_heap I I I d
i_bs_init_heap_bin_heap I I I d


bs_init_bits Fail Sz Words Regs Flags Dst | binary_too_big_bits(Sz) => system_limit Fail

bs_init_bits Fail Sz=u Words=u==0 Regs Flags Dst => i_bs_init_bits Sz Regs Dst
bs_init_bits Fail Sz=u Words Regs Flags Dst =>  i_bs_init_bits_heap Sz Words Regs Dst

bs_init_bits Fail Sz Words=u==0 Regs Flags Dst => \
  i_bs_init_bits_fail Sz Fail Regs Dst
bs_init_bits Fail Sz Words Regs Flags Dst => \
  i_fetch Sz r | i_bs_init_bits_fail_heap Words Fail Regs Dst

i_bs_init_bits_fail r j I d
i_bs_init_bits_fail x j I d
i_bs_init_bits_fail y j I d

i_bs_init_bits_fail_heap I j I d

i_bs_init_bits I I d
i_bs_init_bits_heap I I I d

bs_add Fail S1=i==0 S2 Unit=u==1 D => move S2 D
bs_add Fail S1 S2 Unit D => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_bs_add Fail Unit D

i_bs_add j I d

bs_append Fail Size Extra Live Unit Bin Flags Dst => \
  i_fetch Size Bin | i_bs_append Fail Extra Live Unit Dst

bs_private_append Fail Size Unit Bin Flags Dst => \
  i_fetch Size Bin | i_bs_private_append Fail Unit Dst

bs_init_writable

i_bs_append j I I I d
i_bs_private_append j I d

#
# Storing integers into binaries.
#

bs_put_integer Fail=j Sz=s Unit=u Flags=u Literal=q => \
	move Literal x | bs_put_integer Fail Sz Unit Flags x
bs_put_integer Fail=j Sz=sq Unit=u Flags=u Src=s => \
			gen_put_integer(Fail, Sz, Unit, Flags, Src)

%macro: i_new_bs_put_integer NewBsPutInteger
%macro: i_new_bs_put_integer_imm NewBsPutIntegerImm

i_new_bs_put_integer j s I s
i_new_bs_put_integer_imm j I I s

#
# Utf8/utf16/utf32 support. (R12B-5)
#

bs_utf8_size Fail Literal=q Dst=d => \
	move Literal x | bs_utf8_size Fail x Dst
bs_utf8_size j Src=s Dst=d => i_bs_utf8_size Src Dst

i_bs_utf8_size s d

bs_utf16_size Fail Literal=q Dst=d => \
	move Literal x | bs_utf16_size Fail x Dst
bs_utf16_size j Src=s Dst=d => i_bs_utf16_size Src Dst

i_bs_utf16_size s d

bs_put_utf8 Fail=j Flags=u Literal=q => \
	move Literal x | bs_put_utf8 Fail Flags x
bs_put_utf8 Fail=j u Src=s => i_bs_put_utf8 Fail Src

i_bs_put_utf8 j s

bs_put_utf16 Fail=j Flags=u Literal=q => \
	move Literal x | bs_put_utf16 Fail Flags x
bs_put_utf16 Fail=j Flags=u Src=s => i_bs_put_utf16 Fail Flags Src

i_bs_put_utf16 j I s

bs_put_utf32 Fail=j Flags=u Literal=q => \
	move Literal x | bs_put_utf32 Fail Flags x
bs_put_utf32 Fail=j Flags=u Src=s => \
   i_bs_validate_unicode Fail Src | bs_put_integer Fail i=32 u=1 Flags Src

i_bs_validate_unicode j s

#
# Storing floats into binaries.
#
bs_put_float Fail Sz=q Unit Flags Val => badarg Fail

bs_put_float Fail=j Sz Unit=u Flags=u Literal=q => \
	move Literal x | bs_put_float Fail Sz Unit Flags x

bs_put_float Fail=j Sz=s Unit=u Flags=u Src=s => \
			gen_put_float(Fail, Sz, Unit, Flags, Src)

%macro: i_new_bs_put_float NewBsPutFloat
%macro: i_new_bs_put_float_imm NewBsPutFloatImm

i_new_bs_put_float j s I s
i_new_bs_put_float_imm j I I s

#
# Storing binaries into binaries.
#

bs_put_binary Fail Sz Unit Flags Literal=q => \
 	move Literal x | bs_put_binary Fail Sz Unit Flags x
bs_put_binary Fail=j Sz=s Unit=u Flags=u Src=s => \
			gen_put_binary(Fail, Sz, Unit, Flags, Src)

%macro: i_new_bs_put_binary NewBsPutBinary
i_new_bs_put_binary j s I s

%macro: i_new_bs_put_binary_imm NewBsPutBinaryImm
i_new_bs_put_binary_imm j I s

%macro: i_new_bs_put_binary_all NewBsPutBinaryAll
i_new_bs_put_binary_all j s I

#
# Warning: The i_bs_put_string and i_new_bs_put_string instructions
# are specially treated in the loader.
# Don't change the instruction format unless you change the loader too.
#

bs_put_string I I

%hot

#
# New floating point instructions (R8).
#

fadd p FR1 FR2 FR3 => i_fadd FR1 FR2 FR3
fsub p FR1 FR2 FR3 => i_fsub FR1 FR2 FR3
fmul p FR1 FR2 FR3 => i_fmul FR1 FR2 FR3
fdiv p FR1 FR2 FR3 => i_fdiv FR1 FR2 FR3
fnegate p FR1 FR2 => i_fnegate FR1 FR2

fconv Arg=iqan Dst=l => move Arg x | fconv x Dst

fmove q l
fmove d l
fmove l d

fconv d l

i_fadd l l l
i_fsub l l l
i_fmul l l l
i_fdiv l l l
i_fnegate l l

fclearerror | no_fpe_signals() =>
fcheckerror p | no_fpe_signals() =>
fcheckerror p => i_fcheckerror

i_fcheckerror
fclearerror

#
# New apply instructions in R10B.
#

apply I
apply_last I P

#
# New GCing arithmetic instructions.
#

gc_bif2 Fail I u$bif:erlang:splus/2 S1 S2 Dst=d => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_plus Fail I Dst
gc_bif2 Fail I u$bif:erlang:sminus/2 S1 S2 Dst=d => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_minus Fail I Dst
gc_bif2 Fail I u$bif:erlang:stimes/2 S1 S2 Dst=d => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_times Fail I Dst
gc_bif2 Fail I u$bif:erlang:div/2 S1 S2 Dst=d => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_m_div Fail I Dst

gc_bif2 Fail I u$bif:erlang:intdiv/2 S1 S2 Dst=d => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_int_div Fail I Dst
gc_bif2 Fail I u$bif:erlang:rem/2 S1 S2 Dst=d => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_rem Fail I Dst

gc_bif2 Fail I u$bif:erlang:bsl/2 S1 S2 Dst=d => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_bsl Fail I Dst
gc_bif2 Fail I u$bif:erlang:bsr/2 S1 S2 Dst=d => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_bsr Fail I Dst

gc_bif2 Fail I u$bif:erlang:band/2 S1 S2 Dst=d => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_band Fail I Dst
gc_bif2 Fail I u$bif:erlang:bor/2 S1 S2 Dst=d => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_bor Fail I Dst
gc_bif2 Fail I u$bif:erlang:bxor/2 S1 S2 Dst=d => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_bxor Fail I Dst

gc_bif1 Fail I u$bif:erlang:bnot/1 Src Dst=d => i_int_bnot Fail Src I Dst

gc_bif1 Fail I u$bif:erlang:sminus/1 Src Dst=d => i_fetch i Src | i_minus Fail I Dst
gc_bif1 Fail I u$bif:erlang:splus/1 Src Dst=d => i_fetch i Src | i_plus Fail I Dst

i_plus j I d
i_minus j I d
i_times j I d
i_m_div j I d
i_int_div j I d
i_rem j I d

i_bsl j I d
i_bsr j I d

i_band j I d
i_bor j I d
i_bxor j I d

i_int_bnot j s I d

#
# Old guard BIFs that creates heap fragments are no longer allowed.
#
bif1 Fail u$bif:erlang:length/1 s d => too_old_compiler
bif1 Fail u$bif:erlang:size/1 s d => too_old_compiler
bif1 Fail u$bif:erlang:abs/1 s d => too_old_compiler
bif1 Fail u$bif:erlang:float/1 s d => too_old_compiler
bif1 Fail u$bif:erlang:round/1 s d => too_old_compiler
bif1 Fail u$bif:erlang:trunc/1 s d => too_old_compiler

#
# Guard BIFs.
#
gc_bif1 Fail I Bif=u$bif:erlang:length/1 Src Dst=d => \
	gen_guard_bif1(Fail, I, Bif, Src, Dst)

gc_bif1 Fail I Bif=u$bif:erlang:size/1 Src Dst=d => \
	gen_guard_bif1(Fail, I, Bif, Src, Dst)

gc_bif1 Fail I Bif=u$bif:erlang:bit_size/1 Src Dst=d => \
	gen_guard_bif1(Fail, I, Bif, Src, Dst)

gc_bif1 Fail I Bif=u$bif:erlang:byte_size/1 Src Dst=d => \
	gen_guard_bif1(Fail, I, Bif, Src, Dst)

gc_bif1 Fail I Bif=u$bif:erlang:abs/1 Src Dst=d => \
	gen_guard_bif1(Fail, I, Bif, Src, Dst)

gc_bif1 Fail I Bif=u$bif:erlang:float/1 Src Dst=d => \
	gen_guard_bif1(Fail, I, Bif, Src, Dst)

gc_bif1 Fail I Bif=u$bif:erlang:round/1 Src Dst=d => \
	gen_guard_bif1(Fail, I, Bif, Src, Dst)

gc_bif1 Fail I Bif=u$bif:erlang:trunc/1 Src Dst=d => \
	gen_guard_bif1(Fail, I, Bif, Src, Dst)

gc_bif2 Fail I Bif=u$bif:erlang:binary_part/2 S1 S2 Dst=d => \
	gen_guard_bif2(Fail, I, Bif, S1, S2, Dst)

gc_bif3 Fail I Bif=u$bif:erlang:binary_part/3 S1 S2 S3 Dst=d => \
	gen_guard_bif3(Fail, I, Bif, S1, S2, S3, Dst)

i_gc_bif1 Fail Bif V=q Live D => move V x | i_gc_bif1 Fail Bif x Live D

i_gc_bif1 j I s I d

ii_gc_bif2/6

ii_gc_bif2 Fail Bif S1 S2 Live D => i_fetch S1 S2 | i_gc_bif2 Fail Bif Live D

i_gc_bif2 j I I d

ii_gc_bif3/7

ii_gc_bif3 Fail Bif S1 S2 S3 Live D => move S1 x | i_fetch S2 S3 | i_gc_bif3 Fail Bif x Live D

i_gc_bif3 j I s I d
#
# R13B03
#
on_load

#
# R14A.
#
recv_mark f

recv_set Fail | label Lbl | loop_rec Lf Reg => \
   i_recv_set | label Lbl | loop_rec Lf Reg
i_recv_set