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<header>
<copyright>
<year>2004</year><year>2013</year>
<holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder>
</copyright>
<legalnotice>
The contents of this file are subject to the Erlang Public License,
Version 1.1, (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
compliance with the License. You should have received a copy of the
Erlang Public License along with this software. If not, it can be
retrieved online at http://www.erlang.org/.
Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS"
basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See
the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
under the License.
</legalnotice>
<title>ssh</title>
<date>2007-10-06</date>
</header>
<module>ssh</module>
<modulesummary>Main API of the SSH application</modulesummary>
<description>
<p>Interface module for the SSH application. </p>
</description>
<section>
<title>SSH</title>
<list type="bulleted">
<item>SSH requires the crypto and public_key applications.</item>
<item>Supported SSH version is 2.0 </item>
<item>Supported MAC algorithms: hmac-sha1</item>
<item>Supported encryption algorithms: aes128-cb and 3des-cbc</item>
</list>
</section>
<section>
<title>DATA TYPES </title>
<p>Type definitions that are used more than once in
this module and/or abstractions to indicate the intended use of the data
type:</p>
<p><c>boolean() = true | false </c></p>
<p><c>string() = [byte()]</c></p>
<p><c>ssh_daemon_ref() - opaque to the user
returned by ssh:daemon/[1,2,3]</c></p>
<p><c>ssh_connection_ref() - opaque to the user
returned by ssh:connect/3</c></p>
<p><c>ip_address() - {N1,N2,N3,N4} % IPv4 |
{K1,K2,K3,K4,K5,K6,K7,K8} % IPv6</c></p>
<p><c>subsystem_spec() = {subsystem_name(),
{channel_callback(), channel_init_args()}} </c></p>
<p><c>subsystem_name() = string() </c></p>
<p><c>channel_callback() = atom() - Name of the erlang module
implementing the subsystem using the ssh_channel behavior see</c>
<seealso marker="ssh_channel">ssh_channel(3)</seealso></p>
<p><c>channel_init_args() = list()</c></p>
</section>
<funcs>
<func>
<name>close(ConnectionRef) -> ok </name>
<fsummary>Closes an SSH connection</fsummary>
<type>
<v>ConnectionRef = ssh_connection_ref()</v>
</type>
<desc><p>Closes an SSH connection.</p>
</desc>
</func>
<func>
<name>connect(Host, Port, Options) -> </name>
<name>connect(Host, Port, Options, Timeout) -> {ok,
ssh_connection_ref()} | {error, Reason}</name>
<fsummary>Connect to an ssh server.</fsummary>
<type>
<v>Host = string()</v>
<v>Port = integer()</v>
<d>The default is <c><![CDATA[22]]></c>, the assigned well known port
number for SSH.</d>
<v>Options = [{Option, Value}]</v>
<v>Timeout = infinity | integer(milliseconds)</v>
<d>Negotiation timeout, for connection timeout use the option <c>{connect_timeout, timeout()}</c>.</d>
</type>
<desc>
<p>Connects to an SSH server. No channel is started. This is done
by calling
<seealso marker="ssh_connection#session_channel/2">ssh_connection:session_channel/[2, 4]</seealso>.</p>
<p>Options are:</p>
<taglist>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{user_dir, string()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Sets the user directory i.e. the directory containing
ssh configuration files for the user such as
<c><![CDATA[known_hosts]]></c>, <c><![CDATA[id_rsa,
id_dsa]]></c> and
<c><![CDATA[authorized_key]]></c>. Defaults to the
directory normally referred to as
<c><![CDATA[~/.ssh]]></c> </p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{dsa_pass_phrase, string()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>If the user dsa key is protected by a passphrase it can be
supplied with this option.
</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{rsa_pass_phrase, string()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>If the user rsa key is protected by a passphrase it can be
supplied with this option.
</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{silently_accept_hosts, boolean()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>When true hosts are added to the
file <c><![CDATA[known_hosts]]></c> without asking the user.
Defaults to false.
</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{user_interaction, boolean()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>If false disables the client to connect to the server
if any user interaction is needed such as accepting that
the server will be added to the <c>known_hosts</c> file or
supplying a password. Defaults to true.
Even if user interaction is allowed it can be
suppressed by other options such as silently_accept_hosts and
password. Do note that it may not always be desirable to use
those options from a security point of view.</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{public_key_alg, 'ssh-rsa' | 'ssh-dss'}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Sets the preferred public key algorithm to use for user
authentication. If the the preferred algorithm fails for
some reason, the other algorithm is tried. The default is
to try <c><![CDATA['ssh-rsa']]></c> first.</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{pref_public_key_algs, list()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>List of public key algorithms to try to use, 'ssh-rsa' and 'ssh-dss' available.
Will override <c><![CDATA[{public_key_alg, 'ssh-rsa' | 'ssh-dss'}]]></c></p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{connect_timeout, timeout()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Sets a timeout on the transport layer
connection. Defaults to <c>infinity</c>.</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{user, string()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Provides a user name. If this option is not given, ssh
reads from the environment (<c><![CDATA[LOGNAME]]></c> or
<c><![CDATA[USER]]></c> on unix,
<c><![CDATA[USERNAME]]></c> on Windows).</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{password, string()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Provide a password for password authentication. If
this option is not given, the user will be asked for a
password if the password authentication method is
attempted.</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{key_cb, atom()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Module implementing the behaviour <seealso marker="ssh_client_key_api">ssh_client_key_api</seealso>.
Can be used to customize the handling of public keys.
</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{quiet_mode, atom() = boolean()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>If true, the client will not print out anything on authorization.</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{fd, file_descriptor()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Allow an existing file descriptor to be used
(simply passed on to the transport protocol).</p></item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{ipv6_disabled, boolean()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Determines if SSH shall use IPv6 or not.</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{rekey_limit, integer()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Provide, in bytes, when rekeying should be initiated,
defaults to one time each GB and one time per hour.</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{idle_time, integer()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Sets a timeout on connection when no channels are active, default is infinity</p></item>
</taglist>
</desc>
</func>
<func>
<name>connection_info(ConnectionRef, [Option]) ->[{Option,
Value}] </name>
<fsummary> Retrieves information about a connection. </fsummary>
<type>
<v>Option = client_version | server_version | peer</v>
<v>Value = term() </v>
</type>
<desc>
<p> Retrieves information about a connection.
</p>
</desc>
</func>
<func>
<name>daemon(Port) -> </name>
<name>daemon(Port, Options) -> </name>
<name>daemon(HostAddress, Port, Options) -> {ok,
ssh_daemon_ref()} | {error, atom()}</name>
<fsummary>Starts a server listening for SSH connections
on the given port.</fsummary>
<type>
<v>Port = integer()</v>
<v>HostAddress = ip_address() | any</v>
<v>Options = [{Option, Value}]</v>
<v>Option = atom()</v>
<v>Value = term()</v>
</type>
<desc>
<p>Starts a server listening for SSH connections on the given
port.</p>
<p>Options are:</p>
<taglist>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{subsystems, [subsystem_spec()]]]></c></tag>
<item>
Provides specifications for handling of subsystems. The
"sftp" subsystem spec can be retrieved by calling
ssh_sftpd:subsystem_spec/1. If the subsystems option in
not present the value of
<c>[ssh_sftpd:subsystem_spec([])]</c> will be used. It is
of course possible to set the option to the empty list if
you do not want the daemon to run any subsystems at all.
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{shell, {Module, Function, Args} |
fun(string() = User) - > pid() | fun(string() = User,
ip_address() = PeerAddr) -> pid()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
Defines the read-eval-print loop used when a shell is
requested by the client. Default is to use the erlang shell:
<c><![CDATA[{shell, start, []}]]></c>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{ssh_cli, {channel_callback(),
channel_init_args()}}]]></c></tag>
<item>
Provides your own cli implementation, i.e. a channel callback
module that implements a shell and command execution. Note
that you may customize the shell read-eval-print loop using the
option <c>shell</c> which is much less work than implementing
your own cli channel.
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{user_dir, String}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Sets the user directory i.e. the directory containing
ssh configuration files for the user such as
<c><![CDATA[known_hosts]]></c>, <c><![CDATA[id_rsa,
id_dsa]]></c> and
<c><![CDATA[authorized_key]]></c>. Defaults to the
directory normally referred to as
<c><![CDATA[~/.ssh]]></c> </p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{system_dir, string()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Sets the system directory, containing the host key files
that identifies the host keys for ssh. The default is
<c><![CDATA[/etc/ssh]]></c>, note that for security reasons
this directory is normally only accessible by the root user.</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{auth_methods, string()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Comma separated string that determines which
authentication methodes that the server should support and
in what order they will be tried. Defaults to
<c><![CDATA["publickey,keyboard-interactive,password"]]></c></p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{user_passwords, [{string() = User,
string() = Password}]}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Provide passwords for password authentication.They will
be used when someone tries to connect to the server and
public key user authentication fails. The option provides
a list of valid user names and the corresponding password.
</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{password, string()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Provide a global password that will authenticate any
user. From a security perspective this option makes
the server very vulnerable.</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{pwdfun, fun(User::string(), password::string() -> boolean()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Provide a function for password validation. This is called
with user and password as strings, and should return
<c><![CDATA[true]]></c> if the password is valid and
<c><![CDATA[false]]></c> otherwise.</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{key_cb, atom()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Module implementing the behaviour <seealso marker="ssh_server_key_api">ssh_server_key_api</seealso>.
Can be used to customize the handling of public keys.
</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{fd, file_descriptor()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Allow an existing file-descriptor to be used
(simply passed on to the transport protocol).</p></item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{ip_v6_disabled, boolean()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Determines if SSH shall use IPv6 or not (only used when
HostAddress is set to any).</p></item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{failfun, fun()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Provide a fun() to implement your own logging when a user fails to authenticate.</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{connectfun, fun()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Provide a fun() to implement your own logging when a user authenticates to the server.</p>
</item>
<tag><c><![CDATA[{disconnectfun, fun()}]]></c></tag>
<item>
<p>Provide a fun() to implement your own logging when a user disconnects from the server.</p>
</item>
</taglist>
</desc>
</func>
<func>
<name>peername(ConnectionRef) -> {ok, {Address,Port}} | {error,Error} </name>
<fsummary> </fsummary>
<type>
<v> ConnectionRef = ssh_connection_ref()</v>
<v> Address = ip_address()</v>
<v> Port = integer()</v>
</type>
<desc>
<p>Returns the address and port for the other end of a connection.
</p>
</desc>
</func>
<func>
<name>shell(Host) -> </name>
<name>shell(Host, Option) -> </name>
<name>shell(Host, Port, Option) -> _</name>
<fsummary> </fsummary>
<type>
<v> Host = string()</v>
<v> Port = integer()</v>
<v> Options - see ssh:connect/3</v>
</type>
<desc>
<p>Starts an interactive shell via an SSH server on the
given <c>Host</c>. The function waits for user input,
and will not return until the remote shell is ended (i.e.
exit from the shell).
</p>
</desc>
</func>
<func>
<name>start() -> </name>
<name>start(Type) -> ok | {error, Reason}</name>
<fsummary>Starts the SSH application. </fsummary>
<type>
<v>Type = permanent | transient | temporary</v>
<v>Reason = term() </v>
</type>
<desc>
<p>Utility function that starts crypto, public_key and the SSH
application. Defult type is temporary.
See also <seealso marker="kernel:application">application(3)</seealso>
</p>
</desc>
</func>
<func>
<name>stop() -> ok </name>
<fsummary>Stops the SSH application.</fsummary>
<desc>
<p>Stops the SSH application. See also
<seealso marker="kernel:application">application(3)</seealso></p>
</desc>
</func>
<func>
<name>stop_daemon(DaemonRef) -> </name>
<name>stop_daemon(Address, Port) -> ok </name>
<fsummary>Stops the listener and all connections started by
the listener.</fsummary>
<type>
<v>DaemonRef = ssh_daemon_ref()</v>
<v>Address = ip_address()</v>
<v>Port = integer()</v>
</type>
<desc>
<p>Stops the listener and all connections started by
the listener.</p>
</desc>
</func>
<func>
<name>stop_listener(DaemonRef) -> </name>
<name>stop_listener(Address, Port) -> ok </name>
<fsummary>Stops the listener, but leaves existing connections started
by the listener up and running.</fsummary>
<type>
<v>DaemonRef = ssh_daemon_ref()</v>
<v>Address = ip_address()</v>
<v>Port = integer()</v>
</type>
<desc>
<p>Stops the listener, but leaves existing connections started
by the listener up and running.</p>
</desc>
</func>
</funcs>
</erlref>
