path: root/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE erlref SYSTEM "erlref.dtd">

<erlref>
  <header>
    <copyright>
      <year>1999</year><year>2010</year>
      <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder>
    </copyright>
    <legalnotice>
      The contents of this file are subject to the Erlang Public License,
      Version 1.1, (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
      compliance with the License. You should have received a copy of the
      Erlang Public License along with this software. If not, it can be
      retrieved online at http://www.erlang.org/.

      Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS"
      basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See
      the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
      under the License.

    </legalnotice>
    <title>ssl</title>
    <file>ssl.xml</file>
  </header>
  <module>ssl</module>
  <modulesummary>Interface Functions for Secure Socket Layer</modulesummary>
  <description>
    <p>This module contains interface functions to the Secure Socket
      Layer. 
    </p>
  </description>
  
  <section>
    <title>SSL</title>

    <list type="bulleted">
      <item>ssl requires the crypto an public_key applications.</item>
      <item>Supported SSL/TLS-versions are SSL-3.0 and TLS-1.0 </item>
      <item>For security reasons sslv2 is not supported.</item>
      <item>Ephemeral Diffie-Hellman cipher suites are supported
      but not Diffie Hellman Certificates cipher suites.</item>
      <item>Export cipher suites are not supported as the
      U.S. lifted its export restrictions in early 2000.</item>
      <item>CRL and policy certificate
            extensions are not supported yet. </item>
    </list>
 
  </section>
  
  <section>
    <title>COMMON DATA TYPES</title>
    <p>The following data types are used in the functions below:
    </p>

    <p><c>boolean() = true | false</c></p> 
    
    <p><c>property() = atom()</c></p>
    
    <p><c>option() = socketoption() | ssloption() | transportoption()</c></p>

     <p><c>socketoption() = [{property(), term()}] - defaults to
      [{mode,list},{packet, 0},{header, 0},{active, true}].
    </c></p>

    <p>For valid options
      see <seealso marker="kernel:inet">inet(3) </seealso> and
      <seealso marker="kernel:gen_tcp">gen_tcp(3) </seealso>.
    </p>
    
    <p> <c>ssloption() = {verify, verify_type()} |
      {verify_fun, {fun(), term()}} |
      {fail_if_no_peer_cert, boolean()}
      {depth, integer()} |
      {cert, der_bin()}| {certfile, path()} |
      {key, der_bin()} | {keyfile, path()} | {password, string()} |
      {cacerts, [der_bin()]} | {cacertfile, path()} |
      |{dh, der_bin()} | {dhfile, path()} | {ciphers, ciphers()} |
      {ssl_imp, ssl_imp()} | {reuse_sessions, boolean()} | {reuse_session, fun()} 
    </c></p>

    <p><c>transportoption() = {CallbackModule, DataTag, ClosedTag}
	- defaults to {gen_tcp, tcp, tcp_closed}. Ssl may be
	run over any reliable transport protocol that has
	an equivalent API to gen_tcp's.</c></p>
    
    <p><c>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CallbackModule =
	atom()</c>
    </p> <p><c>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; DataTag =
	atom() - tag used in socket data message.</c></p>
    <p><c>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ClosedTag = atom() - tag used in
    socket close message.</c></p>

    <p><c>verify_type() = verify_none | verify_peer</c></p>
    
    <p><c>path() = string() - representing a file path.</c></p>

    <p><c>der_bin() = binary() -Asn1 DER encoded entity as an erlang binary.</c></p>
    
    <p><c>host() = hostname() | ipaddress()</c></p>
        
    <p><c>hostname() = string()</c></p>
    
    <p><c>
      ip_address() = {N1,N2,N3,N4}  % IPv4
      | {K1,K2,K3,K4,K5,K6,K7,K8}  % IPv6    </c></p>

    <p><c>sslsocket() - opaque to the user. </c></p>
    
    <p><c>protocol() = sslv3 | tlsv1 </c></p>
    
    <p><c>ciphers() = [ciphersuite()] | string() (according to old API)</c></p>
    
    <p><c>ciphersuite() =
      {key_exchange(), cipher(), hash()}</c></p>
    
    <p><c>key_exchange() =  rsa | dhe_dss | dhe_rsa
    </c></p>

   <p><c>cipher() = rc4_128 | des_cbc | '3des_ede_cbc'
      | aes_128_cbc | aes_256_cbc </c></p>

   <p> <c>hash() = md5 | sha
    </c></p>

    <p><c>ssl_imp() = new | old - default is new.</c></p>
    
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>SSL OPTION DESCRIPTIONS - COMMON for SERVER and CLIENT</title>

    <p>Options described here are options that are have the same
    meaning in the client and the server.
    </p>
    
    <taglist>

      <tag>{cert, der_bin()}</tag>
      <item> The DER encoded users certificate. If this option
      is supplied it will override the certfile option.</item>
      
      <tag>{certfile, path()}</tag>
      <item>Path to a file containing the user's certificate.</item>
      
      <tag>{key, der_bin()}</tag>
      <item> The DER encoded users private key. If this option
      is supplied it will override the keyfile option.</item>
      
      <tag>{keyfile, path()}</tag>
      <item>Path to file containing user's
      private PEM encoded key. As PEM-files may contain several
      entries this option defaults to the same file as given by
      certfile option.</item>

      <tag>{password, string()}</tag>
      <item>String containing the user's password.
	Only used if the private keyfile is password protected.
      </item>

      <tag>{cacerts, [der_bin()]}</tag>
      <item> The DER encoded trusted certificates. If this option
      is supplied it will override the cacertfile option.</item>

      <tag>{cacertfile, path()}</tag>
      <item>Path to file containing PEM encoded
      CA certificates (trusted certificates used for verifying a peer
      certificate). May be omitted if you do not want to verify
      the peer.</item>

      <tag>{ciphers, ciphers()}</tag>
      <item>The cipher suites that should be supported. The function
      <c>ciphers_suites/0</c> can be used to find all available
      ciphers.
      </item>

      <tag>{ssl_imp, ssl_imp()}</tag>
      <item>Specify which ssl implementation you want to use. Defaults to
      new.
      </item>

      <tag>{secure_renegotiate, boolean()}</tag>
      <item>Specifies if to reject renegotiation attempt that does
      not live up to RFC 5746. By default secure_renegotiate is
      set to false i.e. secure renegotiation will be used if possible
      but it will fallback to unsecure renegotiation if the peer
      does not support RFC 5746.
      </item>

      <tag>{depth, integer()}</tag>
      <item>Specifies the maximum
      verification depth, i.e. how far in a chain of certificates the
      verification process can proceed before the verification is
      considered to fail. Peer certificate = 0, CA certificate = 1,
      higher level CA certificate = 2, etc.  The value 2 thus means
      that a chain can at most contain peer cert, CA cert, next CA
      cert, and an additional CA cert. The default value is 1.
      </item>

      <tag>{verify_fun, {Verifyfun :: fun(), InitialUserState :: term()}}</tag>
      <item>
	<p>The verification fun should be defined as:</p>

	<code>
	  fun(OtpCert :: #'OtpCertificate'{},
	      Event :: {bad_cert, Reason :: atom()} |
	      {extension, #'Extension'{}}, InitialUserState :: term()) ->
	          {valid, UserState :: term()} | {fail, Reason :: term()} |
	          {unknown, UserState :: term()}.
	</code>

	<p>The verify fun will be called during the X509-path
	validation when an error or an extension unknown to the ssl
	application is encountered. See
	<seealso marker="public_key:application">public_key(3)</seealso>
	for definition of #'OtpCertificate'{} and #'Extension'{}.</p>

	<p>If the verify callback fun returns {fail, Reason}, the
	verification process is immediately stopped and an alert is
	sent to the peer and the TLS/SSL handshake is terminated. If
	the verify callback fun returns {valid, UserState}, the
	verification process is continued.  If the verify callback fun
	always returns {valid, UserState}, the TLS/SSL handshake will
	not be terminated with respect to verification failures and
	the connection will be established. If called with an
	extension unknown to the user application the return value
	{unknown, UserState} should be used.</p>

	<p>The default verify_fun option in verify_peer mode:</p>

      <code>
	{fun(_,{bad_cert, _} = Reason, _) ->
		 {fail, Reason};
	    (_,{extension, _}, UserState) ->
		 {unknown, UserState}
	 end, []}
      </code>

      <p>The default verify_fun option in verify_none mode:</p>

       <code>
	{fun(_,{bad_cert, unknown_ca}, UserState) ->
		 {valid, UserState};
	    (_,{bad_cert, _} = Reason, _) ->
		 {fail, Reason};
	    (_,{extension, _}, UserState) ->
		 {unknown, UserState}
	 end, []}
      </code>

      <p> Possible path validation errors:
       {bad_cert, cert_expired},
       {bad_cert, invalid_issuer},
       {bad_cert, invalid_signature},
       {bad_cert, unknown_ca},
       {bad_cert, name_not_permitted},
       {bad_cert, missing_basic_constraint},
       {bad_cert, invalid_key_usage},
       {bad_cert, invalid_subject_altname}</p>
      </item>

    </taglist>

  </section>

   <section>
    <title>SSL OPTION DESCRIPTIONS - CLIENT SIDE</title>

    <p>Option described here are client specific or has a slightly different
    meaning in the client than in the server.</p>

    <taglist>
      <tag>{verify, verify_type()}</tag>
      <item> In verify_none mode the x509-path validation error {bad_cert, unknown_ca}
      will automatically be accepted. See also the verify_fun option.
      </item>
      <tag>{reuse_sessions, boolean()}</tag>
      <item>Specifies if client should try to reuse sessions
      when possible.
      </item>

    </taglist>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>SSL OPTION DESCRIPTIONS - SERVER SIDE</title>

    <p>Option described here are server specific or has a slightly different
    meaning in the server than in the client.</p>

    <taglist>

      <tag>{dh, der_bin()}</tag>
      <item>The DER encoded Diffie Hellman parameters. If this option
      is supplied it will override the dhfile option.
      </item>

      <tag>{dhfile, path()}</tag>
      <item>Path to file containing PEM encoded Diffie Hellman parameters,
      for the server to use if a cipher suite using Diffie Hellman key exchange
      is negotiated. If not specified default parameters will be used.
      </item>

      <tag>{verify, verify_type()}</tag>
      <item>Servers only do the x509-path validation in verify_peer
      mode, as it then will send a certificate request to the client
      (this message is not sent if the verify option is verify_none)
      and you may then also want to specify the option
      fail_if_no_peer_cert.
      </item>

      <tag>{fail_if_no_peer_cert, boolean()}</tag>
      <item>Used together with {verify, verify_peer} by a ssl server.
      If set to true, the server will fail if the client does not have
      a certificate to send, i.e. sends a empty certificate, if set to
      false it will only fail if the client sends a invalid
      certificate (an empty certificate is considered valid).
      </item>

      <tag>{reuse_sessions, boolean()}</tag>
      <item>Specifies if the server should agree to reuse sessions
      when the clients request to do so. See also the reuse_session
      option.
      </item>

      <tag>{reuse_session, fun(SuggestedSessionId,
      PeerCert, Compression, CipherSuite) -> boolean()}</tag>
      <item>Enables the ssl server to have a local policy
      for deciding if a session should be reused or not,
      only meaning full if <c>reuse_sessions</c> is set to true.
      SuggestedSessionId is a binary(),  PeerCert is a DER encoded
      certificate, Compression is an enumeration integer
      and CipherSuite of type ciphersuite().      
      </item>

    </taglist>
  </section>
  
  <section>
    <title>General</title>
      
    <p>When a ssl socket is in active mode (the default), data from the
      socket is delivered to the owner of the socket in the form of
      messages:
    </p>
    <list type="bulleted">
      <item>{ssl, Socket, Data}
      </item>
      <item>{ssl_closed, Socket}
      </item>
      <item>
        {ssl_error, Socket, Reason}
      </item>
    </list>
    
    <p>A <c>Timeout</c> argument specifies a timeout in milliseconds. The 
      default value for a <c>Timeout</c> argument is <c>infinity</c>.
    </p>
  </section>
  
  <funcs>
    <func>
      <name>cipher_suites() -></name>
      <name>cipher_suites(Type) -> ciphers()</name>
      <fsummary> Returns a list of supported cipher suites</fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>Type = erlang | openssl</v>

      </type>
      <desc><p>Returns a list of supported cipher suites.
	cipher_suites() is equivalent to cipher_suites(erlang).
	Type openssl is provided for backwards compatibility with
	old ssl that used openssl.
	</p>
    </desc>
    </func>
    
    <func>
      <name>connect(Socket, SslOptions) -> </name>
      <name>connect(Socket, SslOptions, Timeout) -> {ok, SslSocket}
	| {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary> Upgrades a gen_tcp, or
	equivalent, connected socket to a ssl socket. </fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>Socket = socket()</v>
        <v>SslOptions = [ssloption()]</v>
	<v>Timeout = integer() | infinity</v>
	<v>SslSocket = sslsocket()</v>
	<v>Reason = term()</v>
      </type>
      <desc> <p>Upgrades a gen_tcp, or equivalent,
	  connected socket to a ssl socket i.e. performs the
	  client-side ssl handshake.</p>
    </desc>
    </func>

    <func>
      <name>connect(Host, Port, Options) -></name>
      <name>connect(Host, Port, Options, Timeout) ->
	  {ok, SslSocket} | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Opens an ssl connection to Host, Port. </fsummary>
      <type>
	  <v>Host = host()</v>
	  <v>Port = integer()</v>
	  <v>Options = [option()]</v>
	  <v>Timeout = integer() | infinity</v>
	  <v>SslSocket = sslsocket()</v>
	  <v>Reason = term()</v>
      </type>
      <desc> <p>Opens an ssl connection to Host, Port.</p> </desc>
    </func>

    <func>
      <name>close(SslSocket) -> ok | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Close a ssl connection</fsummary>
      <type>
	  <v>SslSocket = sslsocket()</v>
	  <v>Reason = term()</v>
      </type>
      <desc><p>Close a ssl connection.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>

    <func>
      <name>controlling_process(SslSocket, NewOwner) ->
	ok | {error, Reason}</name>
      
	<fsummary>Assigns a new controlling process to the
	ssl-socket.</fsummary>
      
	<type>
	  <v>SslSocket = sslsocket()</v>
	  <v>NewOwner = pid()</v>
	  <v>Reason = term()</v>
	</type>
	<desc><p>Assigns a new controlling process to the ssl-socket. A
      controlling process is the owner of a ssl-socket, and receives
      all messages from the socket.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>

    <func>
	<name>connection_info(SslSocket) ->
	  {ok, {ProtocolVersion, CipherSuite}} |  {error, Reason} </name>
      <fsummary>Returns the negotiated protocol version and cipher suite.
      </fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>CipherSuite = ciphersuite()</v>
        <v>ProtocolVersion = protocol()</v>
      </type>
      <desc><p>Returns the negotiated protocol version and cipher suite.</p> 
      </desc>
    </func>

     <func>
      <name>format_error(Reason) -> string()</name>
      <fsummary>Return an error string.</fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>Reason = term()</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p>Presents the error returned by an ssl function as a printable string.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>
   
    <func>
      <name>getopts(Socket) -> </name>
      <name>getopts(Socket, OptionNames) ->
	{ok, [socketoption()]} | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Get the value of the specified options.</fsummary>
      <type>
	<v>Socket = sslsocket()</v>
	<v>OptionNames = [property()]</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
	<p>Get the value of the specified socket options, if no
	  options are specified all options are returned.
	</p>
      </desc>
    </func>

    <func>
      <name>listen(Port, Options) ->
	{ok, ListenSocket} | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Creates a ssl listen socket.</fsummary>
      <type>
	<v>Port = integer()</v>
	<v>Options = options()</v>
	<v>ListenSocket = sslsocket()</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
	<p>Creates a ssl listen socket.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>

    <func>
      <name>peercert(Socket) -> {ok, Cert} | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Return the peer certificate.</fsummary>
     <type>
        <v>Socket = sslsocket()</v>
        <v>Cert = binary()</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p>The peer certificate is returned as a DER encoded binary.
	  The certificate can be decoded with <c>public_key:pkix_decode_cert/2</c>.
        </p>
      </desc>
    </func>
    <func>
      <name>peername(Socket) -> {ok, {Address, Port}} |
	{error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Return peer address and port.</fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>Socket = sslsocket()</v>
        <v>Address = ipaddress()</v>
        <v>Port = integer()</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p>Returns the address and port number of the peer.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>
    
    <func>
      <name>recv(Socket, Length) -> </name>
      <name>recv(Socket, Length, Timeout) -> {ok, Data} | {error,
	Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Receive data on a socket.</fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>Socket = sslsocket()</v>
        <v>Length = integer()</v>
        <v>Timeout = integer()</v>
        <v>Data = [char()] | binary()</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p>This function receives a packet from a socket in passive
          mode. A closed socket is indicated by a return value
          <c>{error, closed}</c>.</p>
        <p>The <c>Length</c> argument is only meaningful when
          the socket is in <c>raw</c> mode and denotes the number of
          bytes to read. If <c>Length</c> = 0, all available bytes are
          returned. If <c>Length</c> &gt; 0, exactly <c>Length</c>
          bytes are returned, or an error; possibly discarding less
          than <c>Length</c> bytes of data when the socket gets closed
          from the other side.</p>
        <p>The optional <c>Timeout</c> parameter specifies a timeout in
          milliseconds. The default value is <c>infinity</c>.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>
    
    <func>
      <name>renegotiate(Socket) -> ok | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary> Initiates a new handshake.</fsummary>
      <type>
	<v>Socket = sslsocket()</v>
      </type>
      <desc><p>Initiates a new handshake. A notable return value is
      <c>{error, renegotiation_rejected}</c> indicating that the peer
      refused to go through with the renegotiation but the connection
      is still active using the previously negotiated session.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>
    
    <func>
      <name>send(Socket, Data) -> ok | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Write data to a socket.</fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>Socket = sslsocket()</v>
        <v>Data = iolist() | binary()</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p>Writes <c>Data</c> to <c>Socket</c>. </p>
        <p>A notable return value is <c>{error, closed}</c> indicating that
          the socket is closed.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>
    <func>
      <name>setopts(Socket, Options) -> ok | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Set socket options.</fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>Socket = sslsocket()</v>
        <v>Options = [socketoption]()</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p>Sets options according to <c>Options</c> for the socket 
          <c>Socket</c>. </p>
      </desc>
    </func>

    <func>
      <name>shutdown(Socket, How) -> ok | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Immediately close a socket</fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>Socket = sslsocket()</v>
        <v>How = read | write | read_write</v>
        <v>Reason = reason()</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p>Immediately close a socket in one or two directions.</p>
        <p><c>How == write</c> means closing the socket for writing,
          reading from it is still possible.</p>
        <p>To be able to handle that the peer has done a shutdown on
          the write side, the <c>{exit_on_close, false}</c> option
          is useful.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>
    
    <func>
      <name>ssl_accept(ListenSocket) -> </name>
      <name>ssl_accept(ListenSocket, Timeout) -> ok | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Perform server-side SSL handshake</fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>ListenSocket = sslsocket()</v>
        <v>Timeout = integer()</v>
        <v>Reason = term()</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p>The <c>ssl_accept</c> function establish the SSL connection
          on the server side. It should be called directly after
          <c>transport_accept</c>, in the spawned server-loop.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>

    <func>
      <name>ssl_accept(ListenSocket, SslOptions) -> </name>
      <name>ssl_accept(ListenSocket, SslOptions, Timeout) -> {ok, Socket} | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Perform server-side SSL handshake</fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>ListenSocket = socket()</v>
	<v>SslOptions = ssloptions()</v>
        <v>Timeout = integer()</v>
        <v>Reason = term()</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p> Upgrades a gen_tcp, or
	  equivalent, socket to a ssl socket i.e. performs the
	ssl server-side handshake.</p>
	<p><warning>Note that the listen socket should be in {active, false} mode
	before telling the client that the server is ready to upgrade
	and calling this function, otherwise the upgrade may
	or may not succeed depending on timing.</warning></p>
      </desc>
    </func>
    
    <func>
      <name>sockname(Socket) -> {ok, {Address, Port}} |
	{error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Return the local address and port.</fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>Socket = sslsocket()</v>
        <v>Address = ipaddress()</v>
        <v>Port = integer()</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p>Returns the local address and port number of the socket
          <c>Socket</c>.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>
    
    <func>
      <name>start() -> </name>
      <name>start(Type) -> ok | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Starts the Ssl application. </fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>Type =  permanent | transient | temporary</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p>Starts the Ssl application. Default type
          is temporary.
          <seealso marker="kernel:application">application(3)</seealso></p>
      </desc>
    </func>
    <func>
      <name>stop() -> ok </name>
      <fsummary>Stops the Ssl application.</fsummary>
      <desc>
        <p>Stops the Ssl application.
          <seealso marker="kernel:application">application(3)</seealso></p>
      </desc>
    </func>

    <func>
      <name>transport_accept(Socket) -></name>
      <name>transport_accept(Socket, Timeout) ->
	{ok, NewSocket} | {error, Reason}</name>
      <fsummary>Accept an incoming connection and
	prepare for <c>ssl_accept</c></fsummary>
      <type>
        <v>Socket = NewSocket = sslsocket()</v>
        <v>Timeout = integer()</v>
        <v>Reason = reason()</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
        <p>Accepts an incoming connection request on a listen socket.
          <c>ListenSocket</c> must be a socket returned from
          <c>listen/2</c>.  The socket returned should be passed to
          <c>ssl_accept</c> to complete ssl handshaking and
          establishing the connection.</p>
        <warning>
          <p>The socket returned can only be used with <c>ssl_accept</c>,
            no traffic can be sent or received before that call.</p>
        </warning>
        <p>The accepted socket inherits the options set for
          <c>ListenSocket</c> in <c>listen/2</c>.</p>
	<p>The default
          value for <c>Timeout</c> is <c>infinity</c>. If
          <c>Timeout</c> is specified, and no connection is accepted
          within the given time, <c>{error, timeout}</c> is
          returned.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>
    
    <func>
      <name>versions() ->
	[{SslAppVer, SupportedSslVer, AvailableSslVsn}]</name>
      <fsummary>Returns version information relevant for the
	ssl application.</fsummary>
      <type>
	<v>SslAppVer = string()</v>
      	<v>SupportedSslVer = [protocol()]</v>
      	<v>AvailableSslVsn = [protocol()]</v>
      </type>
      <desc>
	<p>
	  Returns version information relevant for the
	  ssl application.</p>
      </desc>
    </func>
  </funcs> 
      
  <section>
    <title>SEE ALSO</title>
    <p><seealso marker="kernel:inet">inet(3) </seealso> and 
      <seealso marker="kernel:gen_tcp">gen_tcp(3) </seealso>
    </p>
  </section>

</erlref>