%%
%% %CopyrightBegin%
%%
%% Copyright Ericsson AB 1996-2018. All Rights Reserved.
%%
%% Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
%% you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
%% You may obtain a copy of the License at
%%
%% http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
%%
%% Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
%% distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
%% WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
%% See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
%% limitations under the License.
%%
%% %CopyrightEnd%
%%
-module(erl_error).
-export([format_exception/6, format_exception/7,
format_stacktrace/4, format_stacktrace/5,
format_call/4, format_call/5, format_fun/1, format_fun/2]).
%%% Formatting of exceptions, mfa:s and funs.
%% -> iolist() (no \n at end)
%% I is the current column, starting from 1 (it will be used
%% as indentation whenever newline has been inserted);
%% Class, Reason and StackTrace are the exception;
%% FormatFun = fun(Term, I) -> iolist() formats terms;
%% StackFun = fun(Mod, Fun, Arity) -> boolean() is used for trimming the
%% end of the stack (typically calls to erl_eval are skipped).
format_exception(I, Class, Reason, StackTrace, StackFun, FormatFun) ->
format_exception(I, Class, Reason, StackTrace, StackFun, FormatFun,
latin1).
%% -> iolist() | unicode:charlist() (no \n at end)
%% FormatFun = fun(Term, I) -> iolist() | unicode:charlist().
format_exception(I, Class, Reason, StackTrace, StackFun, FormatFun, Encoding)
when is_integer(I), I >= 1, is_function(StackFun, 3),
is_function(FormatFun, 2) ->
S = n_spaces(I-1),
{Term,Trace1,Trace} = analyze_exception(Class, Reason, StackTrace),
Expl0 = explain_reason(Term, Class, Trace1, FormatFun, S, Encoding),
FormatString = case Encoding of
latin1 -> "~s~s";
_ -> "~s~ts"
end,
Expl = io_lib:fwrite(FormatString, [exited(Class), Expl0]),
case format_stacktrace1(S, Trace, FormatFun, StackFun, Encoding) of
[] -> Expl;
Stack -> [Expl, $\n, Stack]
end.
%% -> iolist() (no \n at end)
format_stacktrace(I, StackTrace, StackFun, FormatFun) ->
format_stacktrace(I, StackTrace, StackFun, FormatFun, latin1).
%% -> iolist() | unicode:charlist() (no \n at end)
format_stacktrace(I, StackTrace, StackFun, FormatFun, Encoding)
when is_integer(I), I >= 1, is_function(StackFun, 3),
is_function(FormatFun, 2) ->
S = n_spaces(I-1),
format_stacktrace1(S, StackTrace, FormatFun, StackFun, Encoding).
%% -> iolist() (no \n at end)
format_call(I, ForMForFun, As, FormatFun) ->
format_call(I, ForMForFun, As, FormatFun, latin1).
%% -> iolist() | unicode:charlist() (no \n at end)
format_call(I, ForMForFun, As, FormatFun, Enc)
when is_integer(I), I >= 1, is_list(As), is_function(FormatFun, 2) ->
format_call("", n_spaces(I-1), ForMForFun, As, FormatFun, Enc).
%% -> iolist() (no \n at end)
format_fun(Fun) ->
format_fun(Fun, latin1).
%% -> iolist() (no \n at end)
format_fun(Fun, Enc) when is_function(Fun) ->
{module, M} = erlang:fun_info(Fun, module),
{name, F} = erlang:fun_info(Fun, name),
{arity, A} = erlang:fun_info(Fun, arity),
case erlang:fun_info(Fun, type) of
{type, local} when F =:= "" ->
io_lib:fwrite(<<"~w">>, [Fun]);
{type, local} when M =:= erl_eval ->
io_lib:fwrite(<<"interpreted function with arity ~w">>, [A]);
{type, local} ->
mfa_to_string(M, F, A, Enc);
{type, external} ->
mfa_to_string(M, F, A, Enc)
end.
analyze_exception(error, Term, Stack) ->
case {is_stacktrace(Stack), Stack, Term} of
{true, [{_,_,As,_}=MFAL|MFAs], function_clause} when is_list(As) ->
{Term,[MFAL],MFAs};
{true, [{shell,F,A,_}], function_clause} when is_integer(A) ->
{Term, [{F,A}], []};
{true, [{_,_,_,_}=MFAL|MFAs], undef} ->
{Term,[MFAL],MFAs};
{true, _, _} ->
{Term,[],Stack};
{false, _, _} ->
{{Term,Stack},[],[]}
end;
analyze_exception(_Class, Term, Stack) ->
case is_stacktrace(Stack) of
true ->
{Term,[],Stack};
false ->
{{Term,Stack},[],[]}
end.
is_stacktrace([]) ->
true;
is_stacktrace([{M,F,A,I}|Fs])
when is_atom(M), is_atom(F), is_integer(A), is_list(I) ->
is_stacktrace(Fs);
is_stacktrace([{M,F,As,I}|Fs])
when is_atom(M), is_atom(F), length(As) >= 0, is_list(I) ->
is_stacktrace(Fs);
is_stacktrace(_) ->
false.
%% ERTS exit codes (some of them are also returned by erl_eval):
explain_reason(badarg, error, [], _PF, _S, _Enc) ->
<<"bad argument">>;
explain_reason({badarg,V}, error=Cl, [], PF, S, _Enc) -> % orelse, andalso
format_value(V, <<"bad argument: ">>, Cl, PF, S);
explain_reason(badarith, error, [], _PF, _S, _Enc) ->
<<"an error occurred when evaluating an arithmetic expression">>;
explain_reason({badarity,{Fun,As}}, error, [], _PF, _S, Enc)
when is_function(Fun) ->
%% Only the arity is displayed, not the arguments As.
io_lib:fwrite(<<"~ts called with ~s">>,
[format_fun(Fun, Enc), argss(length(As))]);
explain_reason({badfun,Term}, error=Cl, [], PF, S, _Enc) ->
format_value(Term, <<"bad function ">>, Cl, PF, S);
explain_reason({badmatch,Term}, error=Cl, [], PF, S, _Enc) ->
Str = <<"no match of right hand side value ">>,
format_value(Term, Str, Cl, PF, S);
explain_reason({case_clause,V}, error=Cl, [], PF, S, _Enc) ->
%% "there is no case clause with a true guard sequence and a
%% pattern matching..."
format_value(V, <<"no case clause matching ">>, Cl, PF, S);
explain_reason(function_clause, error, [{F,A}], _PF, _S, _Enc) ->
%% Shell commands
FAs = io_lib:fwrite(<<"~w/~w">>, [F, A]),
[<<"no function clause matching call to ">> | FAs];
explain_reason(function_clause, error=Cl, [{M,F,As,Loc}], PF, S, Enc) ->
Str = <<"no function clause matching ">>,
[format_errstr_call(Str, Cl, {M,F}, As, PF, S, Enc),$\s|location(Loc)];
explain_reason(if_clause, error, [], _PF, _S, _Enc) ->
<<"no true branch found when evaluating an if expression">>;
explain_reason(noproc, error, [], _PF, _S, _Enc) ->
<<"no such process or port">>;
explain_reason(notalive, error, [], _PF, _S, _Enc) ->
<<"the node cannot be part of a distributed system">>;
explain_reason(system_limit, error, [], _PF, _S, _Enc) ->
<<"a system limit has been reached">>;
explain_reason(timeout_value, error, [], _PF, _S, _Enc) ->
<<"bad receive timeout value">>;
explain_reason({try_clause,V}, error=Cl, [], PF, S, _Enc) ->
%% "there is no try clause with a true guard sequence and a
%% pattern matching..."
format_value(V, <<"no try clause matching ">>, Cl, PF, S);
explain_reason(undef, error, [{M,F,A,_}], _PF, _S, Enc) ->
%% Only the arity is displayed, not the arguments, if there are any.
io_lib:fwrite(<<"undefined function ~ts">>,
[mfa_to_string(M, F, n_args(A), Enc)]);
explain_reason({shell_undef,F,A,_}, error, [], _PF, _S, Enc) ->
%% Give nicer reports for undefined shell functions
%% (but not when the user actively calls shell_default:F(...)).
FS = to_string(F, Enc),
io_lib:fwrite(<<"undefined shell command ~ts/~w">>, [FS, n_args(A)]);
%% Exit codes returned by erl_eval only:
explain_reason({argument_limit,_Fun}, error, [], _PF, _S, _Enc) ->
io_lib:fwrite(<<"limit of number of arguments to interpreted function"
" exceeded">>, []);
explain_reason({bad_filter,V}, error=Cl, [], PF, S, _Enc) ->
format_value(V, <<"bad filter ">>, Cl, PF, S);
explain_reason({bad_generator,V}, error=Cl, [], PF, S, _Enc) ->
format_value(V, <<"bad generator ">>, Cl, PF, S);
explain_reason({unbound,V}, error, [], _PF, _S, _Enc) ->
io_lib:fwrite(<<"variable ~w is unbound">>, [V]);
%% Exit codes local to the shell module (restricted shell):
explain_reason({restricted_shell_bad_return, V}, exit=Cl, [], PF, S, _Enc) ->
Str = <<"restricted shell module returned bad value ">>,
format_value(V, Str, Cl, PF, S);
explain_reason({restricted_shell_disallowed,{ForMF,As}},
exit=Cl, [], PF, S, Enc) ->
%% ForMF can be a fun, but not a shell fun.
Str = <<"restricted shell does not allow ">>,
format_errstr_call(Str, Cl, ForMF, As, PF, S, Enc);
explain_reason(restricted_shell_started, exit, [], _PF, _S, _Enc) ->
<<"restricted shell starts now">>;
explain_reason(restricted_shell_stopped, exit, [], _PF, _S, _Enc) ->
<<"restricted shell stopped">>;
%% Other exit code:
explain_reason(Reason, Class, [], PF, S, _Enc) ->
PF(Reason, (iolist_size(S)+1) + exited_size(Class)).
n_args(A) when is_integer(A) ->
A;
n_args(As) when is_list(As) ->
length(As).
argss(0) ->
<<"no arguments">>;
argss(1) ->
<<"one argument">>;
argss(2) ->
<<"two arguments">>;
argss(I) ->
io_lib:fwrite(<<"~w arguments">>, [I]).
format_stacktrace1(S0, Stack0, PF, SF, Enc) ->
Stack1 = lists:dropwhile(fun({M,F,A,_}) -> SF(M, F, A)
end, lists:reverse(Stack0)),
S = [" " | S0],
Stack = lists:reverse(Stack1),
format_stacktrace2(S, Stack, 1, PF, Enc).
format_stacktrace2(S, [{M,F,A,L}|Fs], N, PF, Enc) when is_integer(A) ->
[io_lib:fwrite(<<"~s~s ~ts ~ts">>,
[sep(N, S), origin(N, M, F, A),
mfa_to_string(M, F, A, Enc),
location(L)])
| format_stacktrace2(S, Fs, N + 1, PF, Enc)];
format_stacktrace2(S, [{M,F,As,_}|Fs], N, PF, Enc) when is_list(As) ->
A = length(As),
CalledAs = [S,<<" called as ">>],
C = format_call("", CalledAs, {M,F}, As, PF, Enc),
[io_lib:fwrite(<<"~s~s ~ts\n~s~ts">>,
[sep(N, S), origin(N, M, F, A),
mfa_to_string(M, F, A, Enc),
CalledAs, C])
| format_stacktrace2(S, Fs, N + 1, PF, Enc)];
format_stacktrace2(_S, [], _N, _PF, _Enc) ->
"".
location(L) ->
File = proplists:get_value(file, L),
Line = proplists:get_value(line, L),
if
File =/= undefined, Line =/= undefined ->
io_lib:format("(~ts, line ~w)", [File, Line]);
true ->
""
end.
sep(1, S) -> S;
sep(_, S) -> [$\n | S].
origin(1, M, F, A) ->
case is_op({M, F}, n_args(A)) of
{yes, F} -> <<"in operator ">>;
no -> <<"in function ">>
end;
origin(_N, _M, _F, _A) ->
<<"in call from">>.
format_errstr_call(ErrStr, Class, ForMForFun, As, PF, Pre0, Enc) ->
Pre1 = [Pre0 | n_spaces(exited_size(Class))],
format_call(ErrStr, Pre1, ForMForFun, As, PF, Enc).
format_call(ErrStr, Pre1, ForMForFun, As, PF, Enc) ->
Arity = length(As),
[ErrStr |
case is_op(ForMForFun, Arity) of
{yes,Op} ->
format_op(ErrStr, Pre1, Op, As, PF, Enc);
no ->
MFs = mf_to_string(ForMForFun, Arity, Enc),
I1 = string:length([Pre1,ErrStr|MFs]),
S1 = pp_arguments(PF, As, I1, Enc),
S2 = pp_arguments(PF, As, string:length([Pre1|MFs]), Enc),
Long = count_nl(pp_arguments(PF, [a2345,b2345], I1, Enc)) > 0,
case Long or (count_nl(S2) < count_nl(S1)) of
true ->
[$\n, Pre1, MFs, S2];
false ->
[MFs, S1]
end
end].
format_op(ErrStr, Pre, Op, [A1], PF, _Enc) ->
OpS = io_lib:fwrite(<<"~s ">>, [Op]),
I1 = iolist_size([ErrStr,Pre,OpS]),
[OpS | PF(A1, I1+1)];
format_op(ErrStr, Pre, Op, [A1, A2], PF, Enc) ->
I1 = iolist_size([ErrStr,Pre]),
S1 = PF(A1, I1+1),
S2 = PF(A2, I1+1),
OpS = atom_to_list(Op),
Pre1 = [$\n | n_spaces(I1)],
case count_nl(S1) > 0 of
true ->
[S1,Pre1,OpS,Pre1|S2];
false ->
OpS2 = io_lib:fwrite(<<" ~s ">>, [Op]),
Size1 = iolist_size([ErrStr,Pre|OpS2]),
{Size2,S1_2} = size(Enc, S1),
S2_2 = PF(A2, Size1+Size2+1),
case count_nl(S2) < count_nl(S2_2) of
true ->
[S1_2,Pre1,OpS,Pre1|S2];
false ->
[S1_2,OpS2|S2_2]
end
end.
pp_arguments(PF, As, I, Enc) ->
case {As, printable_list(Enc, As)} of
{[Int | T], true} ->
L = integer_to_list(Int),
Ll = length(L),
A = list_to_atom(lists:duplicate(Ll, $a)),
S0 = unicode:characters_to_list(PF([A | T], I+1), Enc),
brackets_to_parens([$[,L,string:slice(S0, 1+Ll)], Enc);
_ ->
brackets_to_parens(PF(As, I+1), Enc)
end.
brackets_to_parens(S, Enc) ->
B = unicode:characters_to_binary(S, Enc),
Sz = byte_size(B) - 2,
<<$[,R:Sz/binary,$]>> = B,
[$(,R,$)].
printable_list(latin1, As) ->
io_lib:printable_latin1_list(As);
printable_list(_, As) ->
io_lib:printable_list(As).
mfa_to_string(M, F, A, Enc) ->
io_lib:fwrite(<<"~ts/~w">>, [mf_to_string({M, F}, A, Enc), A]).
mf_to_string({M, F}, A, Enc) ->
case erl_internal:bif(M, F, A) of
true ->
io_lib:fwrite(<<"~w">>, [F]);
false ->
case is_op({M, F}, A) of
{yes, '/'} ->
io_lib:fwrite(<<"~w">>, [F]);
{yes, F} ->
atom_to_list(F);
no ->
FS = to_string(F, Enc),
io_lib:fwrite(<<"~w:~ts">>, [M, FS])
end
end;
mf_to_string(Fun, _A, Enc) when is_function(Fun) ->
format_fun(Fun, Enc);
mf_to_string(F, _A, Enc) ->
FS = to_string(F, Enc),
io_lib:fwrite(<<"~ts">>, [FS]).
format_value(V, ErrStr, Class, PF, S) ->
Pre1Sz = exited_size(Class),
S1 = PF(V, Pre1Sz + iolist_size([S, ErrStr])+1),
[ErrStr | case count_nl(S1) of
N1 when N1 > 1 ->
S2 = PF(V, iolist_size(S) + 1 + Pre1Sz),
case count_nl(S2) < N1 of
true ->
[$\n, S, n_spaces(Pre1Sz) | S2];
false ->
S1
end;
_ ->
S1
end].
%% Handles deep lists, but not all iolists.
count_nl([E | Es]) ->
count_nl(E) + count_nl(Es);
count_nl($\n) ->
1;
count_nl(Bin) when is_binary(Bin) ->
count_nl(binary_to_list(Bin));
count_nl(_) ->
0.
n_spaces(N) ->
lists:duplicate(N, $\s).
is_op(ForMForFun, A) ->
try
{erlang,F} = ForMForFun,
_ = erl_internal:op_type(F, A),
{yes,F}
catch error:_ -> no
end.
exited_size(Class) ->
iolist_size(exited(Class)).
exited(error) ->
<<"exception error: ">>;
exited(exit) ->
<<"exception exit: ">>;
exited(throw) ->
<<"exception throw: ">>.
to_string(A, latin1) ->
io_lib:write_atom_as_latin1(A);
to_string(A, _) ->
io_lib:write_atom(A).
size(latin1, S) ->
{iolist_size(S),S};
size(_, S0) ->
S = unicode:characters_to_list(S0, unicode),
true = is_list(S),
{string:length(S),S}.
