Merge branch 'maint-17' into maint

20 files changed, 227 insertions, 37 deletions

diff --git a/OTP_VERSION b/OTP_VERSION
index 641f83803e..6f9c209b3b 100644
--- a/OTP_VERSION
+++ b/OTP_VERSION
@@ -1 +1 @@
-17.1
+17.1.1
diff --git a/erts/autoconf/vxworks/sed.general b/erts/autoconf/vxworks/sed.general
index dbb9420b67..efa4e99054 100644
--- a/erts/autoconf/vxworks/sed.general
+++ b/erts/autoconf/vxworks/sed.general
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ s|@ETHR_LIB_NAME@||
 s|@ETHR_DEFS@||
 s|@ETHR_THR_LIB_BASE@||
 s|@ETHR_THR_LIB_BASE_DIR@||
+s|@SYSTEMD_DAEMON_LIBS@||
 s|@EMU_THR_DEFS@||
 s|@EMU_THR_LIBS@||
 s|@EMU_THR_LIB_NAME@|ethread|
diff --git a/erts/doc/src/notes.xml b/erts/doc/src/notes.xml
index 68875fe56f..5f39822712 100644
--- a/erts/doc/src/notes.xml
+++ b/erts/doc/src/notes.xml
@@ -30,6 +30,23 @@
   </header>
   <p>This document describes the changes made to the ERTS application.</p>
 
+<section><title>Erts 6.1.1</title>
+
+    <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title>
+      <list>
+        <item>
+          <p>
+	    Fixed ETHR_FORCE_INLINE which caused the build to break
+	    on some platforms without adequate thread support
+	    (VxWorks).</p>
+          <p>
+	    Own Id: OTP-12010</p>
+        </item>
+      </list>
+    </section>
+
+</section>
+
 <section><title>Erts 6.1</title>
 
     <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title>
diff --git a/erts/include/internal/ethread.h b/erts/include/internal/ethread.h
index 31d19902f5..72c054b588 100644
--- a/erts/include/internal/ethread.h
+++ b/erts/include/internal/ethread.h
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
+#include "ethread_inline.h"
 #include "erl_errno.h"
 
 #if defined(DEBUG)
@@ -51,31 +52,6 @@
 #  endif
 #endif
 
-#if !defined(__GNUC__)
-#  define ETHR_AT_LEAST_GCC_VSN__(MAJ, MIN, PL) 0
-#elif !defined(__GNUC_MINOR__)
-#  define ETHR_AT_LEAST_GCC_VSN__(MAJ, MIN, PL) \
-  ((__GNUC__ << 24) >= (((MAJ) << 24) | ((MIN) << 12) | (PL)))
-#elif !defined(__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
-#  define ETHR_AT_LEAST_GCC_VSN__(MAJ, MIN, PL) \
-  (((__GNUC__ << 24) | (__GNUC_MINOR__ << 12)) >= (((MAJ) << 24) | ((MIN) << 12) | (PL)))
-#else
-#  define ETHR_AT_LEAST_GCC_VSN__(MAJ, MIN, PL) \
-  (((__GNUC__ << 24) | (__GNUC_MINOR__ << 12) | __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__) >= (((MAJ) << 24) | ((MIN) << 12) | (PL)))
-#endif
-
-#undef ETHR_INLINE
-#if defined(__GNUC__)
-#  define ETHR_INLINE __inline__
-#  if ETHR_AT_LEAST_GCC_VSN__(3, 1, 1)
-#    define ETHR_FORCE_INLINE __inline__ __attribute__((__always_inline__))
-#  else
-#    define ETHR_FORCE_INLINE __inline__
-#  endif
-#elif defined(__WIN32__)
-#  define ETHR_INLINE __forceinline
-#  define ETHR_FORCE_INLINE __forceinline
-#endif
 #if defined(ETHR_DEBUG) || !defined(ETHR_INLINE) || ETHR_XCHK \
     || (defined(__GNUC__) && defined(ERTS_MIXED_CYGWIN_VC))
 #  undef ETHR_INLINE
diff --git a/erts/include/internal/ethread_inline.h b/erts/include/internal/ethread_inline.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ffb756c84f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/erts/include/internal/ethread_inline.h
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * %CopyrightBegin%
+ *
+ * Copyright Ericsson AB 2004-2014. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * The contents of this file are subject to the Erlang Public License,
+ * Version 1.1, (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
+ * compliance with the License. You should have received a copy of the
+ * Erlang Public License along with this software. If not, it can be
+ * retrieved online at http://www.erlang.org/.
+ *
+ * Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS"
+ * basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See
+ * the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ *
+ * %CopyrightEnd%
+ */
+
+#ifndef ETHREAD_INLINE_H__
+#define ETHREAD_INLINE_H__
+
+#if !defined(__GNUC__)
+#  define ETHR_AT_LEAST_GCC_VSN__(MAJ, MIN, PL) 0
+#elif !defined(__GNUC_MINOR__)
+#  define ETHR_AT_LEAST_GCC_VSN__(MAJ, MIN, PL) \
+  ((__GNUC__ << 24) >= (((MAJ) << 24) | ((MIN) << 12) | (PL)))
+#elif !defined(__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
+#  define ETHR_AT_LEAST_GCC_VSN__(MAJ, MIN, PL) \
+  (((__GNUC__ << 24) | (__GNUC_MINOR__ << 12)) >= (((MAJ) << 24) | ((MIN) << 12) | (PL)))
+#else
+#  define ETHR_AT_LEAST_GCC_VSN__(MAJ, MIN, PL) \
+  (((__GNUC__ << 24) | (__GNUC_MINOR__ << 12) | __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__) >= (((MAJ) << 24) | ((MIN) << 12) | (PL)))
+#endif
+
+#undef ETHR_INLINE
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+#  define ETHR_INLINE __inline__
+#  if ETHR_AT_LEAST_GCC_VSN__(3, 1, 1)
+#    define ETHR_FORCE_INLINE __inline__ __attribute__((__always_inline__))
+#  else
+#    define ETHR_FORCE_INLINE __inline__
+#  endif
+#elif defined(__WIN32__)
+#  define ETHR_INLINE __forceinline
+#  define ETHR_FORCE_INLINE __forceinline
+#endif
+
+#endif /* #ifndef ETHREAD_INLINE_H__ */
diff --git a/erts/lib_src/Makefile.in b/erts/lib_src/Makefile.in
index cf1aef518a..b680c03b1d 100644
--- a/erts/lib_src/Makefile.in
+++ b/erts/lib_src/Makefile.in
@@ -465,6 +465,7 @@ RELEASE_LIBS=$(ERTS_LIBS)
 INTERNAL_RELEASE_INCLUDES= \
 	$(ERTS_INCL_INT)/README \
 	$(ERTS_INCL_INT)/ethread.h \
+	$(ERTS_INCL_INT)/ethread_inline.h \
 	$(ERTS_INCL_INT)/ethr_mutex.h \
 	$(ERTS_INCL_INT)/ethr_optimized_fallbacks.h \
 	$(ERTS_INCL_INT)/ethr_atomics.h \
diff --git a/erts/lib_src/common/erl_misc_utils.c b/erts/lib_src/common/erl_misc_utils.c
index 8bf7656bb0..d58a28b5cb 100644
--- a/erts/lib_src/common/erl_misc_utils.c
+++ b/erts/lib_src/common/erl_misc_utils.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 #  include <windows.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "ethread.h"
+#include "ethread_inline.h"
 #include "erl_misc_utils.h"
 
 #if defined(__WIN32__)
diff --git a/erts/vsn.mk b/erts/vsn.mk
index 2e773079f3..96edae99d9 100644
--- a/erts/vsn.mk
+++ b/erts/vsn.mk
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 # %CopyrightEnd%
 # 
 
-VSN = 6.1
+VSN = 6.1.1
 
 # Port number 4365 in 4.2
 # Port number 4366 in 4.3
diff --git a/lib/edoc/doc/src/notes.xml b/lib/edoc/doc/src/notes.xml
index d7cbfa1fdc..b3440ce6e1 100644
--- a/lib/edoc/doc/src/notes.xml
+++ b/lib/edoc/doc/src/notes.xml
@@ -31,6 +31,25 @@
   <p>This document describes the changes made to the EDoc
     application.</p>
 
+<section><title>Edoc 0.7.14</title>
+
+    <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title>
+      <list>
+        <item>
+	    <p> The default encoding for Erlang source files is now
+	    UTF-8. As a temporary measure to ease the transition from
+	    the old default of Latin-1, if EDoc encounters byte
+	    sequences that are not valid UTF-8 sequences, EDoc will
+	    re-try in Latin-1 mode. This workaround will be removed
+	    in a future release. </p>
+          <p>
+	    Own Id: OTP-12008</p>
+        </item>
+      </list>
+    </section>
+
+</section>
+
 <section><title>Edoc 0.7.13</title>
 
     <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title>
diff --git a/lib/edoc/src/edoc.erl b/lib/edoc/src/edoc.erl
index a87a8471e3..983f04e8b6 100644
--- a/lib/edoc/src/edoc.erl
+++ b/lib/edoc/src/edoc.erl
@@ -696,15 +696,44 @@ read_source_2(Name, Opts) ->
 %% The line of the dot token will be copied to the integer token.
 
 parse_file(Name, Includes, Macros) ->
-    case epp:open(Name, Includes, Macros) of
-        {ok, Epp} ->
-            try {ok, parse_file(Epp)}
+    case parse_file(utf8, Name, Includes, Macros) of
+        invalid_unicode ->
+            parse_file(latin1, Name, Includes, Macros);
+        Ret ->
+            Ret
+    end.
+
+parse_file(DefEncoding, Name, Includes, Macros) ->
+    Options = [{name, Name},
+               {includes, Includes},
+               {macros, Macros},
+               {default_encoding, DefEncoding}],
+    case epp:open([extra | Options]) of
+        {ok, Epp, Extra} ->
+            try parse_file(Epp) of
+                Forms ->
+                    Encoding = proplists:get_value(encoding, Extra),
+                    case find_invalid_unicode(Forms) of
+                        invalid_unicode when Encoding =/= utf8 ->
+                            invalid_unicode;
+                        _ ->
+                            {ok, Forms}
+                    end
             after _ = epp:close(Epp)
             end;
         Error ->
             Error
     end.
 
+find_invalid_unicode([H|T]) ->
+    case H of
+	{error,{_Line,file_io_server,invalid_unicode}} ->
+	    invalid_unicode;
+	_Other ->
+	    find_invalid_unicode(T)
+    end;
+find_invalid_unicode([]) -> none.
+
 parse_file(Epp) ->
     case scan_and_parse(Epp) of
 	{ok, Form} ->
diff --git a/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE.erl b/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE.erl
index c9c7811afb..c63660c8c0 100644
--- a/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE.erl
+++ b/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE.erl
@@ -22,12 +22,12 @@
 	 init_per_group/2,end_per_group/2]).
 
 %% Test cases
--export([app/1,appup/1,build_std/1,build_map_module/1]).
+-export([app/1,appup/1,build_std/1,build_map_module/1,otp_12008/1]).
 
 suite() -> [{ct_hooks,[ts_install_cth]}].
 
 all() -> 
-    [app,appup,build_std,build_map_module].
+    [app,appup,build_std,build_map_module,otp_12008].
 
 groups() -> 
     [].
@@ -77,3 +77,21 @@ build_map_module(Config) when is_list(Config) ->
     Filename = filename:join(DataDir, "map_module.erl"),
     ok = edoc:file(Filename, [{dir, PrivDir}]),
     ok.
+
+otp_12008(Config) when is_list(Config) ->
+    DataDir  = ?config(data_dir, Config),
+    PrivDir  = ?config(priv_dir, Config),
+    Un1 = filename:join(DataDir, "un1.erl"),
+    Un2 = filename:join(DataDir, "un2.erl"),
+    Un3 = filename:join(DataDir, "un3.erl"),
+    %% epp_dodger
+    Opts1 = [{dir, PrivDir}],
+    ok = edoc:files([Un1], Opts1),
+    ok = edoc:files([Un2], Opts1),
+    {'EXIT', error} = (catch edoc:files([Un3], Opts1)),
+    %% epp
+    Opts2 = [{preprocess, true}, {dir, PrivDir}],
+    ok = edoc:files([Un1], Opts2),
+    ok = edoc:files([Un2], Opts2),
+    {'EXIT', error} = (catch edoc:files([Un3], Opts2)),
+    ok.
diff --git a/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE_data/un1.erl b/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE_data/un1.erl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c48e7f940
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE_data/un1.erl
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+-module(un1).
+
+-export([t/0]).
+
+%% @doc F�pp
+t() ->
+    �rlig.
diff --git a/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE_data/un2.erl b/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE_data/un2.erl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a6d13f4723
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE_data/un2.erl
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+-module(un2).
+%% coding: latin-1
+
+-export([t/0]).
+
+%% @doc F�pp
+t() ->
+    �rlig.
diff --git a/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE_data/un3.erl b/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE_data/un3.erl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fbe9591dce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/edoc/test/edoc_SUITE_data/un3.erl
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+-module(un3).
+%% coding: utf-8
+
+-export([t/0]).
+
+%% @doc F�pp
+t() ->
+    �rlig.
diff --git a/lib/edoc/vsn.mk b/lib/edoc/vsn.mk
index 0172aac48b..281a792118 100644
--- a/lib/edoc/vsn.mk
+++ b/lib/edoc/vsn.mk
@@ -1 +1 @@
-EDOC_VSN = 0.7.13
+EDOC_VSN = 0.7.14
diff --git a/lib/syntax_tools/doc/src/notes.xml b/lib/syntax_tools/doc/src/notes.xml
index 2618f005a6..8384af53b0 100644
--- a/lib/syntax_tools/doc/src/notes.xml
+++ b/lib/syntax_tools/doc/src/notes.xml
@@ -31,6 +31,25 @@
   <p>This document describes the changes made to the Syntax_Tools
     application.</p>
 
+<section><title>Syntax_Tools 1.6.16</title>
+
+    <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title>
+      <list>
+        <item>
+	    <p> The default encoding for Erlang source files is now
+	    UTF-8. As a temporary measure to ease the transition from
+	    the old default of Latin-1, if EDoc encounters byte
+	    sequences that are not valid UTF-8 sequences, EDoc will
+	    re-try in Latin-1 mode. This workaround will be removed
+	    in a future release. </p>
+          <p>
+	    Own Id: OTP-12008</p>
+        </item>
+      </list>
+    </section>
+
+</section>
+
 <section><title>Syntax_Tools 1.6.15</title>
 
     <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title>
diff --git a/lib/syntax_tools/src/epp_dodger.erl b/lib/syntax_tools/src/epp_dodger.erl
index 131be4e8e4..7e12eab1b5 100644
--- a/lib/syntax_tools/src/epp_dodger.erl
+++ b/lib/syntax_tools/src/epp_dodger.erl
@@ -184,9 +184,27 @@ quick_parse_file(File, Options) ->
     parse_file(File, fun quick_parse/3, Options ++ [no_fail]).
 
 parse_file(File, Parser, Options) ->
+    case do_parse_file(utf8, File, Parser, Options) of
+        {ok, Forms}=Ret ->
+            case find_invalid_unicode(Forms) of
+                none ->
+                    Ret;
+                invalid_unicode ->
+                    case epp:read_encoding(File) of
+                        utf8 ->
+                            Ret;
+                        _ ->
+                            do_parse_file(latin1, File, Parser, Options)
+                    end
+            end;
+        Else ->
+            Else
+    end.
+
+do_parse_file(DefEncoding, File, Parser, Options) ->
     case file:open(File, [read]) of
         {ok, Dev} ->
-            _ = epp:set_encoding(Dev),
+            _ = epp:set_encoding(Dev, DefEncoding),
             try Parser(Dev, 1, Options)
             after ok = file:close(Dev)
 	    end;
@@ -194,6 +212,14 @@ parse_file(File, Parser, Options) ->
             Error
     end.
 
+find_invalid_unicode([H|T]) ->
+    case H of
+	{error, {_Line, file_io_server, invalid_unicode}} ->
+	    invalid_unicode;
+	_Other ->
+	    find_invalid_unicode(T)
+    end;
+find_invalid_unicode([]) -> none.
 
 %% =====================================================================
 %% @spec parse(IODevice) -> {ok, Forms} | {error, errorinfo()}
diff --git a/lib/syntax_tools/src/erl_comment_scan.erl b/lib/syntax_tools/src/erl_comment_scan.erl
index dae7530ce7..03429d4d42 100644
--- a/lib/syntax_tools/src/erl_comment_scan.erl
+++ b/lib/syntax_tools/src/erl_comment_scan.erl
@@ -72,13 +72,24 @@ file(Name) ->
 	{ok, V} ->
 	    case V of
 		{ok, B} ->
-                    Enc = case epp:read_encoding(Name) of
+                    Encoding = epp:read_encoding_from_binary(B),
+                    Enc = case Encoding of
                               none -> epp:default_encoding();
                               Enc0 -> Enc0
                           end,
                     case catch unicode:characters_to_list(B, Enc) of
                         String when is_list(String) ->
                             string(String);
+                        R when Encoding =:= none ->
+                            case
+                              catch unicode:characters_to_list(B, latin1)
+                            of
+                                String when is_list(String) ->
+                                    string(String);
+                                _ ->
+                                    error_read_file(Name1),
+                                    exit(R)
+                            end;
                         R ->
                             error_read_file(Name1),
                             exit(R)
diff --git a/lib/syntax_tools/vsn.mk b/lib/syntax_tools/vsn.mk
index d3703928da..6a80734f83 100644
--- a/lib/syntax_tools/vsn.mk
+++ b/lib/syntax_tools/vsn.mk
@@ -1 +1 @@
-SYNTAX_TOOLS_VSN = 1.6.15
+SYNTAX_TOOLS_VSN = 1.6.16
diff --git a/otp_versions.table b/otp_versions.table
index 36078b1b23..6dee6faf16 100644
--- a/otp_versions.table
+++ b/otp_versions.table
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+OTP-17.1.1 : edoc-0.7.14 erts-6.1.1 syntax_tools-1.6.16 # asn1-3.0.1 common_test-1.8.1 compiler-5.0.1 cosEvent-2.1.15 cosEventDomain-1.1.14 cosFileTransfer-1.1.16 cosNotification-1.1.21 cosProperty-1.1.17 cosTime-1.1.14 cosTransactions-1.2.14 crypto-3.4 debugger-4.0.1 dialyzer-2.7.1 diameter-1.7 eldap-1.0.3 erl_docgen-0.3.5 erl_interface-3.7.17 et-1.5 eunit-2.2.7 gs-1.5.16 hipe-3.11 ic-4.3.5 inets-5.10.2 jinterface-1.5.9 kernel-3.0.1 megaco-3.17.1 mnesia-4.12.1 observer-2.0.1 odbc-2.10.20 orber-3.6.27 os_mon-2.2.15 ose-1.0 otp_mibs-1.0.9 parsetools-2.0.11 percept-0.8.9 public_key-0.22 reltool-0.6.6 runtime_tools-1.8.14 sasl-2.4 snmp-4.25.1 ssh-3.0.3 ssl-5.3.5 stdlib-2.1 test_server-3.7.1 tools-2.6.15 typer-0.9.8 webtool-0.8.10 wx-1.3 xmerl-1.3.7 :
 OTP-17.1 : asn1-3.0.1 common_test-1.8.1 compiler-5.0.1 crypto-3.4 debugger-4.0.1 dialyzer-2.7.1 diameter-1.7 erl_interface-3.7.17 erts-6.1 hipe-3.11 inets-5.10.2 kernel-3.0.1 mnesia-4.12.1 observer-2.0.1 reltool-0.6.6 ssh-3.0.3 ssl-5.3.5 stdlib-2.1 syntax_tools-1.6.15 test_server-3.7.1 tools-2.6.15 typer-0.9.8 wx-1.3 # cosEvent-2.1.15 cosEventDomain-1.1.14 cosFileTransfer-1.1.16 cosNotification-1.1.21 cosProperty-1.1.17 cosTime-1.1.14 cosTransactions-1.2.14 edoc-0.7.13 eldap-1.0.3 erl_docgen-0.3.5 et-1.5 eunit-2.2.7 gs-1.5.16 ic-4.3.5 jinterface-1.5.9 megaco-3.17.1 odbc-2.10.20 orber-3.6.27 os_mon-2.2.15 ose-1.0 otp_mibs-1.0.9 parsetools-2.0.11 percept-0.8.9 public_key-0.22 runtime_tools-1.8.14 sasl-2.4 snmp-4.25.1 webtool-0.8.10 xmerl-1.3.7 :
 OTP-17.0.2 : inets-5.10.1 ssh-3.0.2 # asn1-3.0 common_test-1.8 compiler-5.0 cosEvent-2.1.15 cosEventDomain-1.1.14 cosFileTransfer-1.1.16 cosNotification-1.1.21 cosProperty-1.1.17 cosTime-1.1.14 cosTransactions-1.2.14 crypto-3.3 debugger-4.0 dialyzer-2.7 diameter-1.6 edoc-0.7.13 eldap-1.0.3 erl_docgen-0.3.5 erl_interface-3.7.16 erts-6.0.1 et-1.5 eunit-2.2.7 gs-1.5.16 hipe-3.10.3 ic-4.3.5 jinterface-1.5.9 kernel-3.0 megaco-3.17.1 mnesia-4.12 observer-2.0 odbc-2.10.20 orber-3.6.27 os_mon-2.2.15 ose-1.0 otp_mibs-1.0.9 parsetools-2.0.11 percept-0.8.9 public_key-0.22 reltool-0.6.5 runtime_tools-1.8.14 sasl-2.4 snmp-4.25.1 ssl-5.3.4 stdlib-2.0 syntax_tools-1.6.14 test_server-3.7 tools-2.6.14 typer-0.9.7 webtool-0.8.10 wx-1.2 xmerl-1.3.7 :
 OTP-17.0.1 : erts-6.0.1 typer-0.9.7 # asn1-3.0 common_test-1.8 compiler-5.0 cosEvent-2.1.15 cosEventDomain-1.1.14 cosFileTransfer-1.1.16 cosNotification-1.1.21 cosProperty-1.1.17 cosTime-1.1.14 cosTransactions-1.2.14 crypto-3.3 debugger-4.0 dialyzer-2.7 diameter-1.6 edoc-0.7.13 eldap-1.0.3 erl_docgen-0.3.5 erl_interface-3.7.16 et-1.5 eunit-2.2.7 gs-1.5.16 hipe-3.10.3 ic-4.3.5 inets-5.10 jinterface-1.5.9 kernel-3.0 megaco-3.17.1 mnesia-4.12 observer-2.0 odbc-2.10.20 orber-3.6.27 os_mon-2.2.15 ose-1.0 otp_mibs-1.0.9 parsetools-2.0.11 percept-0.8.9 public_key-0.22 reltool-0.6.5 runtime_tools-1.8.14 sasl-2.4 snmp-4.25.1 ssh-3.0.1 ssl-5.3.4 stdlib-2.0 syntax_tools-1.6.14 test_server-3.7 tools-2.6.14 webtool-0.8.10 wx-1.2 xmerl-1.3.7 :