Update erl_tar to support PAX format, etc.

This commit introduces the following key changes:

- Support for reading tar archives in formats currently in common use,
  such as v7, STAR, USTAR, PAX, and GNU tar's extensions to the
  STAR/USTAR format.
- Support for writing PAX archives, only when necessary, using USTAR
  when possible for greater portability.

These changes result in lifting of some prior restrictions:

- Support for reading archives produced by modern tar implementations
  when other restrictions described below are present.
- Support for filenames which exceed 100 bytes in length, or paths which
  exceed 255 bytes (see USTAR format specification for more details on
  this restriction).
- Support for filenames of arbitrary length
- Support for unicode metadata (the previous behaviour of erl_tar was
  actually violating the spec, by writing unicode-encoded data to fields
  which are defined to be 7-bit ASCII, even though this technically
  worked when using erl_tar at source and destination, it may not have
  worked with other tar utilities, and this implementation now conforms
  to the spec).
- Support for uid/gid values which cannot be converted to octal
  integers.

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