Merge branch 'master' into sverk/master/halt-INT_MIN

19 files changed, 826 insertions, 593 deletions

diff --git a/erts/preloaded/ebin/erl_prim_loader.beam b/erts/preloaded/ebin/erl_prim_loader.beam
index 4a6fb6109f..ca9e6bd20f 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/ebin/erl_prim_loader.beam
+++ b/erts/preloaded/ebin/erl_prim_loader.beam
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/ebin/erlang.beam b/erts/preloaded/ebin/erlang.beam
index cd2e7f18a2..b353129a34 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/ebin/erlang.beam
+++ b/erts/preloaded/ebin/erlang.beam
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/ebin/erts_code_purger.beam b/erts/preloaded/ebin/erts_code_purger.beam
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4188e5fd9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/erts/preloaded/ebin/erts_code_purger.beam
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/ebin/erts_internal.beam b/erts/preloaded/ebin/erts_internal.beam
index 32d5d70122..5590f5a911 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/ebin/erts_internal.beam
+++ b/erts/preloaded/ebin/erts_internal.beam
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/ebin/init.beam b/erts/preloaded/ebin/init.beam
index 9b0fc82bed..8ac7f5b471 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/ebin/init.beam
+++ b/erts/preloaded/ebin/init.beam
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/ebin/otp_ring0.beam b/erts/preloaded/ebin/otp_ring0.beam
index c8166d5ed7..3cd2515ba8 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/ebin/otp_ring0.beam
+++ b/erts/preloaded/ebin/otp_ring0.beam
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_eval.beam b/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_eval.beam
index ddcc3886a4..9a208d1545 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_eval.beam
+++ b/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_eval.beam
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_file.beam b/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_file.beam
index 97170551bf..426e764127 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_file.beam
+++ b/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_file.beam
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_inet.beam b/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_inet.beam
index 72065661c5..d68d18ecba 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_inet.beam
+++ b/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_inet.beam
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_zip.beam b/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_zip.beam
index 2a0b33279d..01b3b1feb8 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_zip.beam
+++ b/erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_zip.beam
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/ebin/zlib.beam b/erts/preloaded/ebin/zlib.beam
index 0d3d1d9343..7252d866bb 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/ebin/zlib.beam
+++ b/erts/preloaded/ebin/zlib.beam
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/src/Makefile b/erts/preloaded/src/Makefile
index 52034a0881..31383dda83 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/src/Makefile
+++ b/erts/preloaded/src/Makefile
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ PRE_LOADED_ERL_MODULES = \
 	zlib \
 	prim_zip \
 	otp_ring0 \
+	erts_code_purger \
 	erlang \
 	erts_internal
 
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/src/erl_prim_loader.erl b/erts/preloaded/src/erl_prim_loader.erl
index 9f6cba33bd..824ed3435d 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/src/erl_prim_loader.erl
+++ b/erts/preloaded/src/erl_prim_loader.erl
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 -include("inet_boot.hrl").
 
 %% Public
--export([start/3, set_path/1, get_path/0, get_file/1, get_files/2,
+-export([start/0, set_path/1, get_path/0, get_file/1,
          list_dir/1, read_file_info/1, read_link_info/1, get_cwd/0, get_cwd/1]).
 
 %% Used by erl_boot_server
@@ -50,30 +50,28 @@
          prim_read_file_info/3, prim_get_cwd/2]).
 
 %% Used by escript and code
--export([set_primary_archive/4, release_archives/0]).
+-export([set_primary_archive/4]).
+
+%% Used by test suites
+-export([purge_archive_cache/0]).
 
 -include_lib("kernel/include/file.hrl").
 
 -type host() :: atom().
 
 -record(prim_state, {debug :: boolean(),
-		     cache,
 		     primary_archive}).
 -type prim_state() :: #prim_state{}.
 
 -record(state, 
         {loader            :: 'efile' | 'inet',
          hosts = []        :: [host()], % hosts list (to boot from)
-         id,                      % not used any more?
          data              :: 'noport' | port(), % data port etc
-         timeout           :: timeout(),         % idle timeout
-	 %% Number of timeouts before archives are released
-	 n_timeouts        :: non_neg_integer(),
-         multi_get = false :: boolean(),
+         timeout           :: timeout(),	 % idle timeout
          prim_state        :: prim_state()}).    % state for efile code loader
 
--define(IDLE_TIMEOUT, 60000).  %% tear inet connection after 1 minutes
--define(N_TIMEOUTS, 6).        %% release efile archive after 6 minutes
+-define(EFILE_IDLE_TIMEOUT, (6*60*1000)).	%purge archives
+-define(INET_IDLE_TIMEOUT, (60*1000)). 		%tear down connection timeout
 
 %% Defines for inet as prim_loader
 -define(INET_FAMILY, inet).
@@ -103,26 +101,13 @@ debug(#prim_state{debug = Deb}, Term) ->
 %%% Interface Functions. 
 %%% --------------------------------------------------------
 
--spec start(Id, Loader, Hosts) ->
+-spec start() ->
 	    {'ok', Pid} | {'error', What} when
-      Id :: term(),
-      Loader :: atom() | string(),
-      Hosts :: Host | [Host],
-      Host :: host(),
       Pid :: pid(),
       What :: term().
-start(Id, Pgm, Hosts) when is_atom(Hosts) ->
-    start(Id, Pgm, [Hosts]);
-start(Id, Pgm0, Hosts) ->
-    Pgm = if
-              is_atom(Pgm0) ->
-                  atom_to_list(Pgm0);
-              true ->
-                  Pgm0
-          end,
+start() ->
     Self = self(),
-    Pid = spawn_link(fun() -> start_it(Pgm, Id, Self, Hosts) end),
-    register(erl_prim_loader, Pid),
+    Pid = spawn_link(fun() -> start_it(Self) end),
     receive
         {Pid,ok} ->
             {ok,Pid};
@@ -130,26 +115,39 @@ start(Id, Pgm0, Hosts) ->
             {error,Reason}
     end.
 
-%% Hosts must be a list of form ['1.2.3.4' ...]
-start_it("inet", Id, Pid, Hosts) ->
+start_it(Parent) ->
     process_flag(trap_exit, true),
-    ?dbg(inet, {Id,Pid,Hosts}),
+    register(erl_prim_loader, self()),
+    Loader = case init:get_argument(loader) of
+		 {ok,[[Loader0]]} ->
+		     Loader0;
+		 error ->
+		     "efile"
+	     end,
+    case Loader of
+	"efile" -> start_efile(Parent);
+	"inet" -> start_inet(Parent)
+    end.
+
+%% Hosts must be a list of form ['1.2.3.4' ...]
+start_inet(Parent) ->
+    Hosts = case init:get_argument(hosts) of
+		{ok,[Hosts0]} -> Hosts0;
+		_ -> []
+	    end,
     AL = ipv4_list(Hosts),
     ?dbg(addresses, AL),
     {ok,Tcp} = find_master(AL),
-    init_ack(Pid),
+    init_ack(Parent),
     PS = prim_init(),
     State = #state {loader = inet,
                     hosts = AL,
-                    id = Id,
                     data = Tcp,
-                    timeout = ?IDLE_TIMEOUT,
-		    n_timeouts = ?N_TIMEOUTS,
+                    timeout = ?INET_IDLE_TIMEOUT,
                     prim_state = PS},
-    loop(State, Pid, []);
+    loop(State, Parent, []).
 
-start_it("efile", Id, Pid, _Hosts) ->
-    process_flag(trap_exit, true),
+start_efile(Parent) ->
     {ok, Port} = prim_file:start(),
     %% Check that we started in a valid directory.
     case prim_file:get_cwd(Port) of
@@ -160,20 +158,14 @@ start_it("efile", Id, Pid, _Hosts) ->
 	    erlang:display(Report),
 	    exit({error, invalid_current_directory});
 	_ ->
-	    init_ack(Pid)
+	    init_ack(Parent)
     end,
-    MultiGet = case erlang:system_info(thread_pool_size) of
-                   0 -> false;
-                   _ -> true
-               end,
     PS = prim_init(),
     State = #state {loader = efile,
-                    id = Id,
                     data = Port,
-                    timeout = infinity,
-                    multi_get = MultiGet,
+                    timeout = ?EFILE_IDLE_TIMEOUT,
                     prim_state = PS},
-    loop(State, Pid, []).
+    loop(State, Parent, []).
 
 init_ack(Pid) ->
     Pid ! {self(),ok},
@@ -198,20 +190,6 @@ get_file(File) when is_atom(File) ->
 get_file(File) ->
     check_file_result(get_file, File, request({get_file,File})).
 
--spec get_files([{atom(), string()}],
-		fun((atom(),binary(),string()) -> 'ok' | {'error', atom()})) ->
-			'ok' | {'error', atom()}.
-get_files(ModFiles, Fun) ->
-    case request({get_files,{ModFiles,Fun}}) of
-        E = {error,_M} ->
-            E;
-        {error,Reason,M} ->
-            check_file_result(get_files, M, {error,Reason}),
-            {error,M};
-        ok ->
-            ok
-    end.
-
 -spec list_dir(Dir) -> {'ok', Filenames} | 'error' when
       Dir :: string(),
       Filenames :: [Filename :: string()].
@@ -250,10 +228,13 @@ set_primary_archive(File, ArchiveBin, FileInfo, ParserFun)
   when is_list(File), is_binary(ArchiveBin), is_record(FileInfo, file_info) ->
     request({set_primary_archive, File, ArchiveBin, FileInfo, ParserFun}).
 
--spec release_archives() -> 'ok' | {'error', _}.
+%% NOTE: Does not close the primary archive. Only closes all
+%% open zip files kept in the cache. Should be called before an archive
+%% file is to be removed (for example in the test suites).
 
-release_archives() ->
-    request(release_archives).
+-spec purge_archive_cache() -> 'ok' | {'error', _}.
+purge_archive_cache() ->
+    request(purge_archive_cache).
 
 request(Req) ->
     Loader = whereis(erl_prim_loader),
@@ -310,76 +291,59 @@ check_file_result(_, _, Other) ->
 %%% The main loop.
 %%% --------------------------------------------------------
 
-loop(State, Parent, Paths) ->
+loop(St0, Parent, Paths) ->
     receive
+	{Pid,{set_path,NewPaths}} when is_pid(Pid) ->
+	    Pid ! {self(),ok},
+	    loop(St0, Parent, to_strs(NewPaths));
         {Pid,Req} when is_pid(Pid) ->
-            %% erlang:display(Req),
-            {Resp,State2,Paths2} =
-                case Req of
-                    {set_path,NewPaths} ->
-                        {ok,State,to_strs(NewPaths)};
-                    {get_path,_} ->
-                        {{ok,Paths},State,Paths};
-                    {get_file,File} ->
-                        {Res,State1} = handle_get_file(State, Paths, File),
-                        {Res,State1,Paths};
-                    {get_files,{ModFiles,Fun}} ->
-                        {Res,State1} = handle_get_files(State, ModFiles, Paths, Fun),
-                        {Res,State1,Paths};
-                    {list_dir,Dir} ->
-                        {Res,State1} = handle_list_dir(State, Dir),
-                        {Res,State1,Paths};
-                    {read_file_info,File} ->
-                        {Res,State1} = handle_read_file_info(State, File),
-                        {Res,State1,Paths};
-                    {read_link_info,File} ->
-                        {Res,State1} = handle_read_link_info(State, File),
-                        {Res,State1,Paths};
-                    {get_cwd,[]} ->
-                        {Res,State1} = handle_get_cwd(State, []),
-                        {Res,State1,Paths};
-                    {get_cwd,[_]=Args} ->
-                        {Res,State1} = handle_get_cwd(State, Args),
-                        {Res,State1,Paths};
-                    {set_primary_archive,File,ArchiveBin,FileInfo,ParserFun} ->
-                        {Res,State1} =
-			    handle_set_primary_archive(State, File,
-						       ArchiveBin, FileInfo,
-						       ParserFun),
-                        {Res,State1,Paths};
-                    release_archives ->
-                        {Res,State1} = handle_release_archives(State),
-                        {Res,State1,Paths};
-                    _Other ->
-                        {ignore,State,Paths}
-                end,
-            if Resp =:= ignore -> ok;
-               true -> Pid ! {self(),Resp}, ok
-            end,
-            if 
-                is_record(State2, state) ->
-                    loop(State2, Parent, Paths2);
-                true ->
-                    exit({bad_state, Req, State2})          
+	    case handle_request(Req, Paths, St0) of
+		ignore ->
+		    ok;
+		{Resp,#state{}=St1} ->
+		    Pid ! {self(),Resp},
+                    loop(St1, Parent, Paths);
+		{_,State2,_} ->
+                    exit({bad_state,Req,State2})
             end;
         {'EXIT',Parent,W} ->
-            _State1 = handle_stop(State),
+            _ = handle_stop(St0),
             exit(W);
         {'EXIT',P,W} ->
-            State1 = handle_exit(State, P, W),
-            loop(State1, Parent, Paths);
+            St1 = handle_exit(St0, P, W),
+            loop(St1, Parent, Paths);
         _Message ->
-            loop(State, Parent, Paths)
-    after State#state.timeout ->
-            State1 = handle_timeout(State, Parent),
-            loop(State1, Parent, Paths)
+            loop(St0, Parent, Paths)
+    after St0#state.timeout ->
+            St1 = handle_timeout(St0, Parent),
+            loop(St1, Parent, Paths)
+    end.
+
+handle_request(Req, Paths, St0) ->
+    case Req of
+	{get_path,_} ->
+	    {{ok,Paths},St0};
+	{get_file,File} ->
+	    handle_get_file(St0, Paths, File);
+	{list_dir,Dir} ->
+	    handle_list_dir(St0, Dir);
+	{read_file_info,File} ->
+	    handle_read_file_info(St0, File);
+	{read_link_info,File} ->
+	    handle_read_link_info(St0, File);
+	{get_cwd,[]} ->
+	    handle_get_cwd(St0, []);
+	{get_cwd,[_]=Args} ->
+	    handle_get_cwd(St0, Args);
+	{set_primary_archive,File,ArchiveBin,FileInfo,ParserFun} ->
+	    handle_set_primary_archive(St0, File, ArchiveBin,
+				       FileInfo, ParserFun);
+	purge_archive_cache ->
+	    handle_purge_archive_cache(St0);
+	_ ->
+	    ignore
     end.
 
-handle_get_files(State = #state{multi_get = true}, ModFiles, Paths, Fun) ->
-    ?SAFE2(efile_multi_get_file_from_port(State, ModFiles, Paths, Fun), State);
-handle_get_files(State, _ModFiles, _Paths, _Fun) ->     % no multi get
-    {{error,no_multi_get},State}.
-    
 handle_get_file(State = #state{loader = efile}, Paths, File) ->
     ?SAFE2(efile_get_file_from_port(State, File, Paths), State);
 handle_get_file(State = #state{loader = inet}, Paths, File) ->
@@ -388,8 +352,9 @@ handle_get_file(State = #state{loader = inet}, Paths, File) ->
 handle_set_primary_archive(State= #state{loader = efile}, File, ArchiveBin, FileInfo, ParserFun) ->
     ?SAFE2(efile_set_primary_archive(State, File, ArchiveBin, FileInfo, ParserFun), State).
 
-handle_release_archives(State= #state{loader = efile}) ->
-    ?SAFE2(efile_release_archives(State), State).
+handle_purge_archive_cache(#state{loader = efile}=State) ->
+    prim_purge_cache(),
+    {ok,State}.
 
 handle_list_dir(State = #state{loader = efile}, Dir) ->
     ?SAFE2(efile_list_dir(State, Dir), State);
@@ -430,53 +395,6 @@ handle_timeout(State = #state{loader = inet}, Parent) ->
 %%% Functions which handle efile as prim_loader (default).
 %%% --------------------------------------------------------
 
-%%% Reading many files in parallel is an optimization. 
-%%% See also comment in init.erl.
-
-%% -> {ok,State} | {{error,Module},State} | {{error,Reason,Module},State}
-efile_multi_get_file_from_port(State, ModFiles, Paths, Fun) ->
-    Ref = make_ref(),
-    %% More than 200 processes is no gain.
-    Max = erlang:min(200, erlang:system_info(thread_pool_size)),
-    efile_multi_get_file_from_port2(ModFiles, 0, Max, State, Paths, Fun, Ref, ok).
-
-efile_multi_get_file_from_port2([MF | MFs], Out, Max, State, Paths, Fun, Ref, Ret) when Out < Max ->
-    Self = self(),
-    _Pid = spawn(fun() -> efile_par_get_file(Ref, State, MF, Paths, Self, Fun) end),
-    efile_multi_get_file_from_port2(MFs, Out+1, Max, State, Paths, Fun, Ref, Ret);
-efile_multi_get_file_from_port2(MFs, Out, Max, _State, Paths, Fun, Ref, Ret) when Out > 0 ->
-    receive 
-        {Ref, ok, State1} ->
-            efile_multi_get_file_from_port2(MFs, Out-1, Max, State1, Paths, Fun, Ref, Ret);
-        {Ref, {error,_Mod} = Error, State1} ->
-            efile_multi_get_file_from_port2(MFs, Out-1, Max, State1, Paths, Fun, Ref, Error);
-        {Ref, MF, {error,emfile,State1}} ->
-            %% Max can take negative values. Out cannot.
-            efile_multi_get_file_from_port2([MF | MFs], Out-1, Max-1, State1, Paths, Fun, Ref, Ret);
-        {Ref, {M,_F}, {error,Error,State1}} -> 
-            efile_multi_get_file_from_port2(MFs, Out-1, 0, State1, Paths, Fun, Ref, {error,Error,M})
-    end;
-efile_multi_get_file_from_port2(_MFs, 0, _Max, State, _Paths, _Fun, _Ref, Ret) ->
-    {Ret,State}.
-
-efile_par_get_file(Ref, State, {Mod,File} = MF, Paths, Pid, Fun) ->
-    %% One port for each file read in "parallel":
-    case prim_file:start() of
-        {ok, Port} ->
-            Port0 = State#state.data,
-            State1 = State#state{data = Port},
-            R = case efile_get_file_from_port(State1, File, Paths) of
-                    {{error,Reason},State2} -> 
-                        {Ref,MF,{error,Reason,State2}};
-                    {{ok,BinFile,Full},State2} -> 
-                        %% Fun(...) -> ok | {error,Mod}
-                        {Ref,Fun(Mod, BinFile, Full),State2#state{data=Port0}}
-                end,
-            prim_file:close(Port),
-            Pid ! R;
-        {error, Error} ->
-            Pid ! {Ref,MF,{error,Error,State}}
-    end.
 
 %% -> {{ok,BinFile,File},State} | {{error,Reason},State}
 efile_get_file_from_port(State, File, Paths) ->
@@ -521,10 +439,6 @@ efile_set_primary_archive(#state{prim_state = PS} = State, File,
 					  FileInfo, ParserFun),
     {Res,State#state{prim_state = PS2}}.
 
-efile_release_archives(#state{prim_state = PS} = State) ->
-    {Res, PS2} = prim_release_archives(PS),
-    {Res,State#state{prim_state = PS2}}.
-
 efile_list_dir(#state{prim_state = PS} = State, Dir) ->
     {Res, PS2} = prim_list_dir(PS, Dir),
     {Res, State#state{prim_state = PS2}}.
@@ -546,14 +460,9 @@ efile_exit_port(State, Port, Reason) when State#state.data =:= Port ->
 efile_exit_port(State, _Port, _Reason) ->
     State.
 
-efile_timeout_handler(#state{n_timeouts = N} = State, _Parent) ->
-    if
-	N =< 0 ->
-	    {_Res, State2} = efile_release_archives(State),
-	    State2#state{n_timeouts = ?N_TIMEOUTS};
-	true ->
-	    State#state{n_timeouts = N - 1}
-    end.
+efile_timeout_handler(State, _Parent) ->
+    prim_purge_cache(),
+    State.
 
 %%% --------------------------------------------------------
 %%% Functions which handle inet prim_loader
@@ -694,7 +603,7 @@ inet_get_file_from_port1(_File, [], State) ->
 inet_send_and_rcv(Msg, Tag, State) when State#state.data =:= noport ->
     {ok,Tcp} = find_master(State#state.hosts),     %% reconnect
     inet_send_and_rcv(Msg, Tag, State#state{data = Tcp,
-					    timeout = ?IDLE_TIMEOUT});
+					    timeout = ?INET_IDLE_TIMEOUT});
 inet_send_and_rcv(Msg, Tag, #state{data = Tcp, timeout = Timeout} = State) ->
     prim_inet:send(Tcp, term_to_binary(Msg)),
     receive
@@ -819,32 +728,19 @@ prim_init() ->
         end,
     cache_new(#prim_state{debug = Deb}).
 
-prim_release_archives(PS) ->
-    debug(PS, release_archives),
-    {Res, PS2} = prim_do_release_archives(PS, get(), []),
-    debug(PS2, {return, Res}),
-    {Res, PS2}.
-
-prim_do_release_archives(PS, [{ArchiveFile, DictVal} | KeyVals], Acc) ->
-    Res = 
-	case DictVal of
-	    {primary, _PrimZip, _FI, _ParserFun} ->
-		ok; % Keep primary archive
-	    {Cache, _FI} ->
-		debug(PS, {release, cache, ArchiveFile}),
-		erase(ArchiveFile),
-		clear_cache(ArchiveFile, Cache)
-	end,
-    case Res of
-	ok ->
-	    prim_do_release_archives(PS, KeyVals, Acc);
-	{error, Reason} ->
-	    prim_do_release_archives(PS, KeyVals, [{ArchiveFile, Reason} | Acc])
-    end;
-prim_do_release_archives(PS, [], []) ->
-    {ok, PS#prim_state{primary_archive = undefined}};
-prim_do_release_archives(PS, [], Errors) ->
-    {{error, Errors}, PS#prim_state{primary_archive = undefined}}.
+prim_purge_cache() ->
+    do_prim_purge_cache(get()).
+
+do_prim_purge_cache([{Key,Val}|T]) ->
+    case Val of
+	{Cache,_FI} ->
+	    catch clear_cache(Key, Cache);
+	_ ->
+	    ok
+    end,
+    do_prim_purge_cache(T);
+do_prim_purge_cache([]) ->
+    ok.
 
 prim_set_primary_archive(PS, undefined, undefined, undefined, _ParserFun) ->
     debug(PS, {set_primary_archive, clean}),
@@ -1287,70 +1183,62 @@ path_join([Path],Acc) ->
 path_join([Path|Paths],Acc) ->
     path_join(Paths,"/" ++ reverse(Path) ++ Acc).
 
-name_split(ArchiveFile, File0) ->
-    File = absname(File0),
-    do_name_split(ArchiveFile, File).
-    
-do_name_split(undefined, File) ->
+name_split(undefined, File) ->
     %% Ignore primary archive
-    case string_split(File, init:archive_extension(), []) of
+    RevExt = reverse(init:archive_extension()),
+    case archive_split(File, RevExt, []) of
         no_split ->
-            %% Plain file
             {file, File};
-        {split, _RevArchiveBase, RevArchiveFile, []} ->
-            %% Top dir in archive
-            ArchiveFile = reverse(RevArchiveFile),
-            {archive, ArchiveFile, []};
-        {split, _RevArchiveBase, RevArchiveFile, [$/ | FileInArchive]} ->
-            %% File in archive
-            ArchiveFile = reverse(RevArchiveFile),
-            {archive, ArchiveFile, FileInArchive};
-        {split, _RevArchiveBase, _RevArchiveFile, _FileInArchive} ->
-	    %% False match. Assume plain file
-            {file, File}
+	Archive ->
+	    Archive
     end;
-do_name_split(ArchiveFile, File) ->
+name_split(ArchiveFile, File0) ->
     %% Look first in primary archive
-    case string_match(real_path(File), ArchiveFile, []) of
+    File = absname(File0),
+    case string_match(real_path(File), ArchiveFile) of
         no_match ->
             %% Archive or plain file
-            do_name_split(undefined, File);
-        {match, _RevPrimArchiveFile, FileInArchive} ->
+            name_split(undefined, File);
+        {match, FileInArchive} ->
             %% Primary archive
 	    {archive, ArchiveFile, FileInArchive}
     end.
 
-string_match([Char | File], [Char | Archive], RevTop) ->
-    string_match(File, Archive, [Char | RevTop]);
-string_match([] = File, [], RevTop) ->
-    {match, RevTop, File};
-string_match([$/ | File], [], RevTop) ->
-    {match, RevTop, File};
-string_match(_File, _Archive, _RevTop) ->
+string_match([Char | File], [Char | Archive]) ->
+    string_match(File, Archive);
+string_match([] = File, []) ->
+    {match, File};
+string_match([$/ | File], []) ->
+    {match, File};
+string_match(_File, _Archive) ->
     no_match.
 
-string_split([Char | File], [Char | Ext] = FullExt, RevTop) ->
-    RevTop2 = [Char | RevTop],
-    string_split2(File, Ext, RevTop, RevTop2, File, FullExt, RevTop2);
-string_split([Char | File], Ext, RevTop) ->
-    string_split(File, Ext, [Char | RevTop]);
-string_split([], _Ext, _RevTop) ->
-    no_split.
-
-string_split2([Char | File], [Char | Ext], RevBase, RevTop, SaveFile, SaveExt, SaveTop) ->
-    string_split2(File, Ext, RevBase, [Char | RevTop], SaveFile, SaveExt, SaveTop);
-string_split2(File, [], RevBase, RevTop, _SaveFile, _SaveExt, _SaveTop) ->
-    {split, RevBase, RevTop, File};
-string_split2(_, _Ext, _RevBase, _RevTop, SaveFile, SaveExt, SaveTop) ->
-    string_split(SaveFile, SaveExt, SaveTop).
+archive_split("/"++File, RevExt, Acc) ->
+    case is_prefix(RevExt, Acc) of
+	false ->
+	    archive_split(File, RevExt, [$/|Acc]);
+	true ->
+	    ArchiveFile = absname(reverse(Acc)),
+	    {archive, ArchiveFile, File}
+    end;
+archive_split([H|T], RevExt, Acc) ->
+    archive_split(T, RevExt, [H|Acc]);
+archive_split([], RevExt, Acc) ->
+    case is_prefix(RevExt, Acc) of
+	false ->
+	    no_split;
+	true ->
+	    ArchiveFile = absname(reverse(Acc)),
+	    {archive, ArchiveFile, []}
+    end.
+
+is_prefix([H|T1], [H|T2]) -> is_prefix(T1, T2);
+is_prefix([_|_], _) -> false;
+is_prefix([], _ ) -> true.
 
 %% Parse list of ipv4 addresses 
 ipv4_list([H | T]) ->
-    IPV = if is_atom(H) -> ipv4_address(atom_to_list(H));
-             is_list(H) -> ipv4_address(H);
-             true -> {error,einal}
-          end,
-    case IPV of
+    case ipv4_address(H) of
         {ok,IP} -> [IP | ipv4_list(T)];
         _ -> ipv4_list(T)
     end;
@@ -1415,8 +1303,6 @@ absname_vr([Drive, $\: | NameRest], _) ->
 %% Assumes normalized name
 pathtype(Name) when is_list(Name) -> 
     case erlang:system_info(os_type) of
-	{ose, _}  ->
-	    unix_pathtype(Name);
 	{unix, _}  -> 
 	    unix_pathtype(Name);
 	{win32, _} ->
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/src/erlang.erl b/erts/preloaded/src/erlang.erl
index 7280b43502..ab51cf385c 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/src/erlang.erl
+++ b/erts/preloaded/src/erlang.erl
@@ -71,7 +71,8 @@
       | 'milli_seconds'
       | 'micro_seconds'
       | 'nano_seconds'
-      | 'native'.
+      | 'native'
+      | 'perf_counter'.
 
 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
 %% Native code BIF stubs and their types
@@ -185,6 +186,8 @@
       'receive' |
       'print' |
       'timestamp' |
+      'monotonic_timestamp' |
+      'strict_monotonic_timestamp' |
       'label' |
       'serial'.
 
@@ -198,7 +201,10 @@
       'exclusive' |
       'runnable_ports' |
       'runnable_procs' |
-      'scheduler'.
+      'scheduler' |
+      'timestamp' |
+      'monotonic_timestamp' |
+      'strict_monotonic_timestamp'.
 
 -type system_monitor_option() ::
       'busy_port' |
@@ -230,6 +236,8 @@
       garbage_collection |
       timestamp |
       cpu_timestamp |
+      monotonic_timestamp |
+      strict_monotonic_timestamp |
       arity |
       set_on_spawn |
       set_on_first_spawn |
@@ -258,6 +266,8 @@
       running |
       garbage_collection |
       timestamp |
+      monotonic_timestamp |
+      strict_monotonic_timestamp |
       arity.
 
 -type trace_info_return() ::
@@ -460,7 +470,7 @@ check_old_code(_Module) ->
       CheckResult :: boolean().
 check_process_code(Pid, Module) ->
     try
-	erlang:check_process_code(Pid, Module, [{allow_gc, true}])
+	erts_internal:check_process_code(Pid, Module, [{allow_gc, true}])
     catch
 	error:Error -> erlang:error(Error, [Pid, Module])
     end.
@@ -475,51 +485,11 @@ check_process_code(Pid, Module) ->
       CheckResult :: boolean() | aborted.
 check_process_code(Pid, Module, OptionList)  ->
     try
-	{Async, AllowGC} = get_cpc_opts(OptionList, sync, true),
-	case Async of
-	    {async, ReqId} ->
-		{priority, Prio} = erlang:process_info(erlang:self(),
-						       priority),
-		erts_internal:request_system_task(Pid,
-						  Prio,
-						  {check_process_code,
-						   ReqId,
-						   Module,
-						   AllowGC}),
-		async;
-	    sync ->
-		case Pid == erlang:self() of
-		    true ->
-			erts_internal:check_process_code(Module,
-							 [{allow_gc, AllowGC}]);
-		    false ->
-			{priority, Prio} = erlang:process_info(erlang:self(),
-							       priority),
-			ReqId = erlang:make_ref(),
-			erts_internal:request_system_task(Pid,
-							  Prio,
-							  {check_process_code,
-							   ReqId,
-							   Module,
-							   AllowGC}),
-			receive
-			    {check_process_code, ReqId, CheckResult} ->
-				CheckResult
-			end
-		end
-	end
+	erts_internal:check_process_code(Pid, Module, OptionList)
     catch
 	error:Error -> erlang:error(Error, [Pid, Module, OptionList])
     end.
 
-% gets async and allow_gc opts and verify valid option list
-get_cpc_opts([{async, _ReqId} = AsyncTuple | Options], _OldAsync, AllowGC) ->
-    get_cpc_opts(Options, AsyncTuple, AllowGC);
-get_cpc_opts([{allow_gc, AllowGC} | Options], Async, _OldAllowGC) ->
-    get_cpc_opts(Options, Async, AllowGC);
-get_cpc_opts([], Async, AllowGC) ->
-    {Async, AllowGC}.
-
 %% crc32/1
 -spec erlang:crc32(Data) -> non_neg_integer() when
       Data :: iodata().
@@ -1378,6 +1348,7 @@ convert_time_unit(Time, FromUnit, ToUnit) ->
     try
 	FU = case FromUnit of
 		 native -> erts_internal:time_unit();
+                 perf_counter -> erts_internal:perf_counter_unit();
 		 nano_seconds -> 1000*1000*1000;
 		 micro_seconds -> 1000*1000;
 		 milli_seconds -> 1000;
@@ -1386,6 +1357,7 @@ convert_time_unit(Time, FromUnit, ToUnit) ->
 	     end,
 	TU = case ToUnit of
 		 native -> erts_internal:time_unit();
+                 perf_counter -> erts_internal:perf_counter_unit();
 		 nano_seconds -> 1000*1000*1000;
 		 micro_seconds -> 1000*1000;
 		 milli_seconds -> 1000;
@@ -1464,8 +1436,16 @@ processes() ->
 %% purge_module/1
 -spec purge_module(Module) -> true when
       Module :: atom().
-purge_module(_Module) ->
-    erlang:nif_error(undefined).
+purge_module(Module) when erlang:is_atom(Module) ->
+    case erts_code_purger:purge(Module) of
+	{false, _} ->
+	    erlang:error(badarg, [Module]);
+	{true, _} ->
+	    true
+    end;
+purge_module(Arg) ->
+    erlang:error(badarg, [Arg]).
+
 
 %% put/2
 -spec put(Key, Val) -> term() when
@@ -2027,12 +2007,21 @@ nodes(_Arg) ->
            | eof
 	   | {parallelism, Boolean :: boolean()}
 	   | hide.
-open_port(_PortName,_PortSettings) ->
-    erlang:nif_error(undefined).
+open_port(PortName, PortSettings) ->
+    case case erts_internal:open_port(PortName, PortSettings) of
+	     Ref when erlang:is_reference(Ref) -> receive {Ref, Res} -> Res end;
+	     Res -> Res
+	 end of
+	Port when erlang:is_port(Port) -> Port;
+	Error -> erlang:error(Error, [PortName, PortSettings])
+    end.
 
 -type priority_level() ::
       low | normal | high | max.
 
+-type message_queue_data() ::
+	off_heap | on_heap | mixed.
+
 -spec process_flag(trap_exit, Boolean) -> OldBoolean when
       Boolean :: boolean(),
       OldBoolean :: boolean();
@@ -2045,6 +2034,9 @@ open_port(_PortName,_PortSettings) ->
                   (min_bin_vheap_size, MinBinVHeapSize) -> OldMinBinVHeapSize when
       MinBinVHeapSize :: non_neg_integer(),
       OldMinBinVHeapSize :: non_neg_integer();
+                  (message_queue_data, MQD) -> OldMQD when
+      MQD :: message_queue_data(),
+      OldMQD :: message_queue_data();
                   (priority, Level) -> OldLevel when
       Level :: priority_level(),
       OldLevel :: priority_level();
@@ -2071,6 +2063,7 @@ process_flag(_Flag, _Value) ->
       dictionary |
       error_handler |
       garbage_collection |
+      garbage_collection_info |
       group_leader |
       heap_size |
       initial_call |
@@ -2083,6 +2076,7 @@ process_flag(_Flag, _Value) ->
       min_bin_vheap_size |
       monitored_by |
       monitors |
+      message_queue_data |
       priority |
       reductions |
       registered_name |
@@ -2110,6 +2104,7 @@ process_flag(_Flag, _Value) ->
       {dictionary, Dictionary :: [{Key :: term(), Value :: term()}]} |
       {error_handler, Module :: module()} |
       {garbage_collection, GCInfo :: [{atom(),non_neg_integer()}]} |
+      {garbage_collection_info, GCInfo :: [{atom(),non_neg_integer()}]} |
       {group_leader, GroupLeader :: pid()} |
       {heap_size, Size :: non_neg_integer()} |
       {initial_call, mfa()} |
@@ -2124,6 +2119,7 @@ process_flag(_Flag, _Value) ->
       {monitors,
        Monitors :: [{process, Pid :: pid() |
                                      {RegName :: atom(), Node :: node()}}]} |
+      {message_queue_data, MQD :: message_queue_data()} |
       {priority, Level :: priority_level()} |
       {reductions, Number :: non_neg_integer()} |
       {registered_name, Atom :: atom()} |
@@ -2178,6 +2174,8 @@ send(_Dest,_Msg,_Options) ->
                     ('receive') -> {'receive', boolean()};
                     (print) -> {print, boolean()};
                     (timestamp) -> {timestamp, boolean()};
+                    (monotonic_timestamp) -> {timestamp, boolean()};
+                    (strict_monotonic_timestamp) -> {strict_monotonic_timestamp, boolean()};
                     (label) -> [] | {label, non_neg_integer()};
                     (serial) -> [] | {serial, {non_neg_integer(), non_neg_integer()}}.
 seq_trace_info(_What) ->
@@ -2205,7 +2203,9 @@ setelement(_Index, _Tuple1, _Value) ->
 spawn_opt(_Tuple) ->
    erlang:nif_error(undefined).
 
--spec statistics(context_switches) -> {ContextSwitches,0} when
+-spec statistics(active_tasks) -> [ActiveTasks] when
+      ActiveTasks :: non_neg_integer();
+		(context_switches) -> {ContextSwitches,0} when
       ContextSwitches :: non_neg_integer();
                 (exact_reductions) -> {Total_Exact_Reductions,
                                        Exact_Reductions_Since_Last_Call} when
@@ -2217,11 +2217,23 @@ spawn_opt(_Tuple) ->
                 (io) -> {{input, Input}, {output, Output}} when
       Input :: non_neg_integer(),
       Output :: non_neg_integer();
+                (microstate_accounting) -> [MSAcc_Thread] | undefined when
+      MSAcc_Thread :: #{ type => MSAcc_Thread_Type,
+                        id => MSAcc_Thread_Id,
+                        counters => MSAcc_Counters},
+      MSAcc_Thread_Type :: scheduler | async | aux,
+      MSAcc_Thread_Id :: non_neg_integer(),
+      MSAcc_Counters :: #{ MSAcc_Thread_State => non_neg_integer() },
+      MSAcc_Thread_State :: alloc | aux | bif | busy_wait | check_io |
+                            emulator | ets | gc | gc_fullsweep | nif |
+                            other | port | send | sleep | timers;
                 (reductions) -> {Total_Reductions,
                                  Reductions_Since_Last_Call} when
       Total_Reductions :: non_neg_integer(),
       Reductions_Since_Last_Call :: non_neg_integer();
                 (run_queue) -> non_neg_integer();
+                (run_queue_lengths) -> [RunQueueLenght] when
+      RunQueueLenght :: non_neg_integer();
                 (runtime) -> {Total_Run_Time, Time_Since_Last_Call} when
       Total_Run_Time :: non_neg_integer(),
       Time_Since_Last_Call :: non_neg_integer();
@@ -2229,6 +2241,10 @@ spawn_opt(_Tuple) ->
       SchedulerId :: pos_integer(),
       ActiveTime  :: non_neg_integer(),
       TotalTime   :: non_neg_integer();
+		(total_active_tasks) -> ActiveTasks when
+      ActiveTasks :: non_neg_integer();
+                (total_run_queue_lengths) -> TotalRunQueueLenghts when
+      TotalRunQueueLenghts :: non_neg_integer();
                 (wall_clock) -> {Total_Wallclock_Time,
                                  Wallclock_Time_Since_Last_Call} when
       Total_Wallclock_Time :: non_neg_integer(),
@@ -2265,6 +2281,9 @@ subtract(_,_) ->
                         (fullsweep_after, Number) -> OldNumber when
       Number :: non_neg_integer(),
       OldNumber :: non_neg_integer();
+                        (microstate_accounting, Action) -> OldState when
+      Action :: true | false | reset,
+      OldState :: true | false;
                         (min_heap_size, MinHeapSize) -> OldMinHeapSize when
       MinHeapSize :: non_neg_integer(),
       OldMinHeapSize :: non_neg_integer();
@@ -2426,6 +2445,7 @@ tuple_to_list(_Tuple) ->
          (multi_scheduling) -> disabled | blocked | enabled;
          (multi_scheduling_blockers) -> [Pid :: pid()];
          (nif_version) -> string();
+         (message_queue_data) -> message_queue_data();
          (otp_release) -> string();
          (os_monotonic_time_source) -> [{atom(),term()}];
          (os_system_time_source) -> [{atom(),term()}];
@@ -2553,14 +2573,19 @@ spawn_monitor(M, F, A) when erlang:is_atom(M),
 spawn_monitor(M, F, A) ->
     erlang:error(badarg, [M,F,A]).
 
+
+-type spawn_opt_option() ::
+	link
+      | monitor
+      | {priority, Level :: priority_level()}
+      | {fullsweep_after, Number :: non_neg_integer()}
+      | {min_heap_size, Size :: non_neg_integer()}
+      | {min_bin_vheap_size, VSize :: non_neg_integer()}
+      | {message_queue_data, MQD :: message_queue_data()}.
+
 -spec spawn_opt(Fun, Options) -> pid() | {pid(), reference()} when
       Fun :: function(),
-      Options :: [Option],
-      Option :: link | monitor
-              | {priority, Level :: priority_level()}
-              | {fullsweep_after, Number :: non_neg_integer()}
-              | {min_heap_size, Size :: non_neg_integer()}
-              | {min_bin_vheap_size, VSize :: non_neg_integer()}.
+      Options :: [spawn_opt_option()].
 spawn_opt(F, O) when erlang:is_function(F) ->
     spawn_opt(erlang, apply, [F, []], O);
 spawn_opt({M,F}=MF, O) when erlang:is_atom(M), erlang:is_atom(F) ->
@@ -2573,12 +2598,7 @@ spawn_opt(F, O) ->
 -spec spawn_opt(Node, Fun, Options) -> pid() | {pid(), reference()} when
       Node :: node(),
       Fun :: function(),
-      Options :: [Option],
-      Option :: link | monitor
-              | {priority, Level :: priority_level()}
-              | {fullsweep_after, Number :: non_neg_integer()}
-              | {min_heap_size, Size :: non_neg_integer()}
-              | {min_bin_vheap_size, VSize :: non_neg_integer()}.
+      Options :: [spawn_opt_option()].
 spawn_opt(N, F, O) when N =:= erlang:node() ->
     spawn_opt(F, O);
 spawn_opt(N, F, O) when erlang:is_function(F) ->
@@ -2665,12 +2685,7 @@ spawn_link(N,M,F,A) ->
       Module :: module(),
       Function :: atom(),
       Args :: [term()],
-      Options :: [Option],
-      Option :: link | monitor
-              | {priority, Level :: priority_level()}
-              | {fullsweep_after, Number :: non_neg_integer()}
-              | {min_heap_size, Size :: non_neg_integer()}
-              | {min_bin_vheap_size, VSize :: non_neg_integer()}.
+      Options :: [spawn_opt_option()].
 spawn_opt(M, F, A, Opts) ->
     case catch erlang:spawn_opt({M,F,A,Opts}) of
 	{'EXIT',{Reason,_}} ->
@@ -2685,12 +2700,7 @@ spawn_opt(M, F, A, Opts) ->
       Module :: module(),
       Function :: atom(),
       Args :: [term()],
-      Options :: [Option],
-      Option :: link | monitor
-              | {priority, Level :: priority_level()}
-              | {fullsweep_after, Number :: non_neg_integer()}
-              | {min_heap_size, Size :: non_neg_integer()}
-              | {min_bin_vheap_size, VSize :: non_neg_integer()}.
+      Options :: [spawn_opt_option()].
 spawn_opt(N, M, F, A, O) when N =:= erlang:node(),
 			      erlang:is_atom(M), erlang:is_atom(F),
                               erlang:is_list(A), erlang:is_list(O) ->
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/src/erts.app.src b/erts/preloaded/src/erts.app.src
index 8442aaf7e8..e53b6e5bab 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/src/erts.app.src
+++ b/erts/preloaded/src/erts.app.src
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 		erts_internal,
 		init,
 		otp_ring0,
+		erts_code_purger,
 		prim_eval,
 		prim_file,
 		prim_inet,
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/src/erts_code_purger.erl b/erts/preloaded/src/erts_code_purger.erl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d1e64342e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/erts/preloaded/src/erts_code_purger.erl
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+%%
+%% %CopyrightBegin%
+%%
+%% Copyright Ericsson AB 2016. All Rights Reserved.
+%%
+%% Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+%% you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+%% You may obtain a copy of the License at
+%%
+%%     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+%%
+%% Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+%% distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+%% WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+%% See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+%% limitations under the License.
+%%
+%% %CopyrightEnd%
+%%
+-module(erts_code_purger).
+
+%% Purpose : Implement system process erts_code_purger
+%%           to handle code module purging.
+
+-export([start/0, purge/1, soft_purge/1]).
+
+-spec start() -> term().
+start() ->
+    register(erts_code_purger, self()),
+    process_flag(trap_exit, true),
+    loop().
+
+loop() ->
+    _ = receive
+	{purge,Mod,From,Ref} when is_atom(Mod), is_pid(From) ->
+	    Res = do_purge(Mod),
+	    From ! {reply, purge, Res, Ref};
+
+	{soft_purge,Mod,From,Ref} when is_atom(Mod), is_pid(From) ->
+	    Res = do_soft_purge(Mod),
+	    From ! {reply, soft_purge, Res, Ref};
+
+	_Other -> ignore
+    end,
+    loop().
+
+
+%% purge(Module)
+%%  Kill all processes running code from *old* Module, and then purge the
+%%  module. Return {WasOld, DidKill}:
+%%  {false, false} there was no old module to purge
+%%  {true, false} module purged, no process killed
+%%  {true, true} module purged, at least one process killed
+
+purge(Mod) when is_atom(Mod) ->
+    Ref = make_ref(),
+    erts_code_purger ! {purge, Mod, self(), Ref},
+    receive
+	{reply, purge, Result, Ref} ->
+	    Result
+    end.
+
+
+do_purge(Mod) ->
+    case erts_internal:copy_literals(Mod, true) of
+        false ->
+            {false, false};
+        true ->
+            DidKill = check_proc_code(erlang:processes(), Mod, true),
+            true = erts_internal:copy_literals(Mod, false),
+	    WasPurged = erts_internal:purge_module(Mod),
+            {WasPurged, DidKill}
+    end.
+
+%% soft_purge(Module)
+%% Purge old code only if no procs remain that run old code.
+%% Return true in that case, false if procs remain (in this
+%% case old code is not purged)
+
+soft_purge(Mod) ->
+    Ref = make_ref(),
+    erts_code_purger ! {soft_purge, Mod, self(), Ref},
+    receive
+	{reply, soft_purge, Result, Ref} ->
+	    Result
+    end.
+
+
+do_soft_purge(Mod) ->
+    case erts_internal:copy_literals(Mod, true) of
+	false ->
+	    true;
+	true ->
+	    DoPurge = check_proc_code(erlang:processes(), Mod, false),
+	    true = erts_internal:copy_literals(Mod, false),
+	    case DoPurge of
+		false ->
+		    false;
+		true ->
+		    erts_internal:purge_module(Mod),
+		    true
+	    end
+    end.
+
+%%
+%% check_proc_code(Pids, Mod, Hard) - Send asynchronous
+%%   requests to all processes to perform a check_process_code
+%%   operation. Each process will check their own state and
+%%   reply with the result. If 'Hard' equals
+%%   - true, processes that refer 'Mod' will be killed. If
+%%     any processes were killed true is returned; otherwise,
+%%     false.
+%%   - false, and any processes refer 'Mod', false will
+%%     returned; otherwise, true.
+%%
+%%   Requests will be sent to all processes identified by
+%%   Pids at once, but without allowing GC to be performed.
+%%   Check process code operations that are aborted due to
+%%   GC need, will be restarted allowing GC. However, only
+%%   ?MAX_CPC_GC_PROCS outstanding operation allowing GC at
+%%   a time will be allowed. This in order not to blow up
+%%   memory wise.
+%%
+%%   We also only allow ?MAX_CPC_NO_OUTSTANDING_KILLS
+%%   outstanding kills. This both in order to avoid flooding
+%%   our message queue with 'DOWN' messages and limiting the
+%%   amount of memory used to keep references to all
+%%   outstanding kills.
+%%
+
+%% We maybe should allow more than two outstanding
+%% GC requests, but for now we play it safe...
+-define(MAX_CPC_GC_PROCS, 2).
+-define(MAX_CPC_NO_OUTSTANDING_KILLS, 10).
+
+-record(cpc_static, {hard, module, tag}).
+
+-record(cpc_kill, {outstanding = [],
+		   no_outstanding = 0,
+		   waiting = [],
+		   killed = false}).
+
+check_proc_code(Pids, Mod, Hard) ->
+    Tag = erlang:make_ref(),
+    CpcS = #cpc_static{hard = Hard,
+		       module = Mod,
+		       tag = Tag},
+    check_proc_code(CpcS, cpc_init(CpcS, Pids, 0), 0, [], #cpc_kill{}, true).
+
+check_proc_code(#cpc_static{hard = true}, 0, 0, [],
+		#cpc_kill{outstanding = [], waiting = [], killed = Killed},
+		true) ->
+    %% No outstanding requests. We did a hard check, so result is whether or
+    %% not we killed any processes...
+    Killed;
+check_proc_code(#cpc_static{hard = false}, 0, 0, [], _KillState, Success) ->
+    %% No outstanding requests and we did a soft check...
+    Success;
+check_proc_code(#cpc_static{hard = false, tag = Tag} = CpcS, NoReq0, NoGcReq0,
+		[], _KillState, false) ->
+    %% Failed soft check; just cleanup the remaining replies corresponding
+    %% to the requests we've sent...
+    {NoReq1, NoGcReq1} = receive
+			     {check_process_code, {Tag, _P, GC}, _Res} ->
+				 case GC of
+				     false -> {NoReq0-1, NoGcReq0};
+				     true -> {NoReq0, NoGcReq0-1}
+				 end
+			 end,
+    check_proc_code(CpcS, NoReq1, NoGcReq1, [], _KillState, false);
+check_proc_code(#cpc_static{tag = Tag} = CpcS, NoReq0, NoGcReq0, NeedGC0,
+		KillState0, Success) ->
+
+    %% Check if we should request a GC operation
+    {NoGcReq1, NeedGC1} = case NoGcReq0 < ?MAX_CPC_GC_PROCS of
+			      GcOpAllowed when GcOpAllowed == false;
+					       NeedGC0 == [] ->
+				  {NoGcReq0, NeedGC0};
+			      _ ->
+				  {NoGcReq0+1, cpc_request_gc(CpcS,NeedGC0)}
+			  end,
+
+    %% Wait for a cpc reply or 'DOWN' message
+    {NoReq1, NoGcReq2, Pid, Result, KillState1} = cpc_recv(Tag,
+							   NoReq0,
+							   NoGcReq1,
+							   KillState0),
+
+    %% Check the result of the reply
+    case Result of
+	aborted ->
+	    %% Operation aborted due to the need to GC in order to
+	    %% determine if the process is referring the module.
+	    %% Schedule the operation for restart allowing GC...
+	    check_proc_code(CpcS, NoReq1, NoGcReq2, [Pid|NeedGC1], KillState1,
+			    Success);
+	false ->
+	    %% Process not referring the module; done with this process...
+	    check_proc_code(CpcS, NoReq1, NoGcReq2, NeedGC1, KillState1,
+			    Success);
+	true ->
+	    %% Process referring the module...
+	    case CpcS#cpc_static.hard of
+		false ->
+		    %% ... and soft check. The whole operation failed so
+		    %% no point continuing; clean up and fail...
+		    check_proc_code(CpcS, NoReq1, NoGcReq2, [], KillState1,
+				    false);
+		true ->
+		    %% ... and hard check; schedule kill of it...
+		    check_proc_code(CpcS, NoReq1, NoGcReq2, NeedGC1,
+				    cpc_sched_kill(Pid, KillState1), Success)
+	    end;
+	'DOWN' ->
+	    %% Handled 'DOWN' message
+	    check_proc_code(CpcS, NoReq1, NoGcReq2, NeedGC1,
+			    KillState1, Success)
+    end.
+
+cpc_recv(Tag, NoReq, NoGcReq, #cpc_kill{outstanding = []} = KillState) ->
+    receive
+	{check_process_code, {Tag, Pid, GC}, Res} ->
+	    cpc_handle_cpc(NoReq, NoGcReq, GC, Pid, Res, KillState)
+    end;
+cpc_recv(Tag, NoReq, NoGcReq,
+	 #cpc_kill{outstanding = [R0, R1, R2, R3, R4 | _]} = KillState) ->
+    receive
+	{'DOWN', R, process, _, _} when R == R0;
+					R == R1;
+					R == R2;
+					R == R3;
+					R == R4 ->
+	    cpc_handle_down(NoReq, NoGcReq, R, KillState);
+	{check_process_code, {Tag, Pid, GC}, Res} ->
+	    cpc_handle_cpc(NoReq, NoGcReq, GC, Pid, Res, KillState)
+    end;
+cpc_recv(Tag, NoReq, NoGcReq, #cpc_kill{outstanding = [R|_]} = KillState) ->
+    receive
+	{'DOWN', R, process, _, _} ->
+	    cpc_handle_down(NoReq, NoGcReq, R, KillState);
+	{check_process_code, {Tag, Pid, GC}, Res} ->
+	    cpc_handle_cpc(NoReq, NoGcReq, GC, Pid, Res, KillState)
+    end.
+
+cpc_handle_down(NoReq, NoGcReq, R, #cpc_kill{outstanding = Rs,
+					     no_outstanding = N} = KillState) ->
+    {NoReq, NoGcReq, undefined, 'DOWN',
+     cpc_sched_kill_waiting(KillState#cpc_kill{outstanding = cpc_list_rm(R, Rs),
+					       no_outstanding = N-1})}.
+
+cpc_list_rm(R, [R|Rs]) ->
+    Rs;
+cpc_list_rm(R0, [R1|Rs]) ->
+    [R1|cpc_list_rm(R0, Rs)].
+
+cpc_handle_cpc(NoReq, NoGcReq, false, Pid, Res, KillState) ->
+    {NoReq-1, NoGcReq, Pid, Res, KillState};
+cpc_handle_cpc(NoReq, NoGcReq, true, Pid, Res, KillState) ->
+    {NoReq, NoGcReq-1, Pid, Res, KillState}.
+
+cpc_sched_kill_waiting(#cpc_kill{waiting = []} = KillState) ->
+    KillState;
+cpc_sched_kill_waiting(#cpc_kill{outstanding = Rs,
+				 no_outstanding = N,
+				 waiting = [P|Ps]} = KillState) ->
+    R = erlang:monitor(process, P),
+    exit(P, kill),
+    KillState#cpc_kill{outstanding = [R|Rs],
+		       no_outstanding = N+1,
+		       waiting = Ps,
+		       killed = true}.
+
+cpc_sched_kill(Pid, #cpc_kill{no_outstanding = N, waiting = Pids} = KillState)
+  when N >= ?MAX_CPC_NO_OUTSTANDING_KILLS ->
+    KillState#cpc_kill{waiting = [Pid|Pids]};
+cpc_sched_kill(Pid,
+	       #cpc_kill{outstanding = Rs, no_outstanding = N} = KillState) ->
+    R = erlang:monitor(process, Pid),
+    exit(Pid, kill),
+    KillState#cpc_kill{outstanding = [R|Rs],
+		       no_outstanding = N+1,
+		       killed = true}.
+
+cpc_request(#cpc_static{tag = Tag, module = Mod}, Pid, AllowGc) ->
+    erts_internal:check_process_code(Pid, Mod, [{async, {Tag, Pid, AllowGc}},
+						{allow_gc, AllowGc},
+						{copy_literals, true}]).
+
+cpc_request_gc(CpcS, [Pid|Pids]) ->
+    cpc_request(CpcS, Pid, true),
+    Pids.
+
+cpc_init(_CpcS, [], NoReqs) ->
+    NoReqs;
+cpc_init(CpcS, [Pid|Pids], NoReqs) ->
+    cpc_request(CpcS, Pid, false),
+    cpc_init(CpcS, Pids, NoReqs+1).
+
+% end of check_proc_code() implementation.
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/src/erts_internal.erl b/erts/preloaded/src/erts_internal.erl
index 7ed4efea4b..26025d6704 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/src/erts_internal.erl
+++ b/erts/preloaded/src/erts_internal.erl
@@ -31,22 +31,30 @@
 
 -export([await_port_send_result/3]).
 -export([cmp_term/2]).
--export([map_to_tuple_keys/1, map_type/1, map_hashmap_children/1]).
--export([port_command/3, port_connect/2, port_close/1,
+-export([map_to_tuple_keys/1, term_type/1, map_hashmap_children/1]).
+-export([open_port/2, port_command/3, port_connect/2, port_close/1,
 	 port_control/3, port_call/3, port_info/1, port_info/2]).
 
 -export([request_system_task/3]).
 
--export([check_process_code/2]).
+-export([check_process_code/3]).
+-export([copy_literals/2]).
+-export([purge_module/1]).
 
 -export([flush_monitor_messages/3]).
 
 -export([await_result/1, gather_io_bytes/2]).
 
--export([time_unit/0]).
+-export([time_unit/0, perf_counter_unit/0]).
 
 -export([is_system_process/1]).
 
+-export([await_microstate_accounting_modifications/3,
+	 gather_microstate_accounting_result/2]).
+
+%% Auto-import name clash
+-export([check_process_code/2]).
+
 %%
 %% Await result of send to port
 %%
@@ -88,6 +96,13 @@ gather_io_bytes(Ref, No, InAcc, OutAcc) ->
 %% Statically linked port NIFs
 %%
 
+-spec erts_internal:open_port(PortName, PortSettings) -> Result when
+      PortName :: tuple(),
+      PortSettings :: term(),
+      Result :: port() | reference() | atom().
+open_port(_PortName, _PortSettings) ->
+    erlang:nif_error(undefined).
+
 -spec erts_internal:port_command(Port, Data, OptionList) -> Result when
       Port :: port() | atom(),
       Data :: iodata(),
@@ -184,17 +199,86 @@ port_info(_Result, _Item) ->
 -spec request_system_task(Pid, Prio, Request) -> 'ok' when
       Prio :: 'max' | 'high' | 'normal' | 'low',
       Request :: {'garbage_collect', term()}
-	       | {'check_process_code', term(), module(), boolean()},
+	       | {'check_process_code', term(), module(), non_neg_integer()},
       Pid :: pid().
 
 request_system_task(_Pid, _Prio, _Request) ->
     erlang:nif_error(undefined).
 
--spec check_process_code(Module, OptionList) -> boolean() when
+-define(ERTS_CPC_ALLOW_GC, (1 bsl 0)).
+-define(ERTS_CPC_COPY_LITERALS, (1 bsl 1)).
+
+-spec check_process_code(Module, Flags) -> boolean() when
+      Module :: module(),
+      Flags :: non_neg_integer().
+check_process_code(_Module, _Flags) ->
+    erlang:nif_error(undefined).
+
+-spec check_process_code(Pid, Module, OptionList) -> CheckResult | async when
+      Pid :: pid(),
+      Module :: module(),
+      RequestId :: term(),
+      Option :: {async, RequestId} | {allow_gc, boolean()} | {copy_literals, boolean()},
+      OptionList :: [Option],
+      CheckResult :: boolean() | aborted.
+check_process_code(Pid, Module, OptionList)  ->
+    {Async, Flags} = get_cpc_opts(OptionList, sync, ?ERTS_CPC_ALLOW_GC),
+    case Async of
+	{async, ReqId} ->
+	    {priority, Prio} = erlang:process_info(erlang:self(),
+						   priority),
+	    erts_internal:request_system_task(Pid,
+					      Prio,
+					      {check_process_code,
+					       ReqId,
+					       Module,
+					       Flags}),
+	    async;
+	sync ->
+	    case Pid == erlang:self() of
+		true ->
+		    erts_internal:check_process_code(Module, Flags);
+		false ->
+		    {priority, Prio} = erlang:process_info(erlang:self(),
+							   priority),
+		    ReqId = erlang:make_ref(),
+		    erts_internal:request_system_task(Pid,
+						      Prio,
+						      {check_process_code,
+						       ReqId,
+						       Module,
+						       Flags}),
+		    receive
+			{check_process_code, ReqId, CheckResult} ->
+			    CheckResult
+		    end
+	    end
+    end.
+
+% gets async and flag opts and verify valid option list
+get_cpc_opts([{async, _ReqId} = AsyncTuple | Options], _OldAsync, Flags) ->
+    get_cpc_opts(Options, AsyncTuple, Flags);
+get_cpc_opts([{allow_gc, AllowGC} | Options], Async, Flags) ->
+    get_cpc_opts(Options, Async, cpc_flags(Flags, ?ERTS_CPC_ALLOW_GC, AllowGC));
+get_cpc_opts([{copy_literals, CopyLit} | Options], Async, Flags) ->
+    get_cpc_opts(Options, Async, cpc_flags(Flags, ?ERTS_CPC_COPY_LITERALS, CopyLit));
+get_cpc_opts([], Async, Flags) ->
+    {Async, Flags}.
+
+cpc_flags(OldFlags, Bit, true) ->
+    OldFlags bor Bit;
+cpc_flags(OldFlags, Bit, false) ->
+    OldFlags band (bnot Bit).
+
+-spec copy_literals(Module,Bool) -> 'true' | 'false' | 'aborted' when
       Module :: module(),
-      Option :: {allow_gc, boolean()},
-      OptionList :: [Option].
-check_process_code(_Module, _OptionList) ->
+      Bool :: boolean().
+copy_literals(_Mod, _Bool) ->
+    erlang:nif_error(undefined).
+
+-spec purge_module(Module) -> boolean() when
+      Module :: module().
+purge_module(_Module) ->
     erlang:nif_error(undefined).
 
 %% term compare where integer() < float() = true
@@ -215,12 +299,18 @@ cmp_term(_A,_B) ->
 map_to_tuple_keys(_M) ->
     erlang:nif_error(undefined).
 
-%% return the internal map type
--spec map_type(M) -> Type when
-    M :: map(),
-    Type :: 'flatmap' | 'hashmap' | 'hashmap_node'.
-
-map_type(_M) ->
+%% return the internal term type
+-spec term_type(T) -> Type when
+    T :: term(),
+    Type :: 'flatmap' | 'hashmap' | 'hashmap_node'
+          | 'fixnum'  | 'bignum'  | 'hfloat'
+          | 'list' | 'tuple' | 'export' | 'fun'
+          | 'refc_binary' | 'heap_binary' | 'sub_binary'
+          | 'reference'   | 'external_reference'
+          | 'pid' | 'external_pid' | 'port' | 'external_port'
+          | 'atom' | 'catch' | 'nil'.
+
+term_type(_T) ->
     erlang:nif_error(undefined).
 
 %% return the internal hashmap sub-nodes from
@@ -258,8 +348,38 @@ flush_monitor_messages(Ref, Multi, Res) when is_reference(Ref) ->
 time_unit() ->
     erlang:nif_error(undefined).
 
+-spec erts_internal:perf_counter_unit() -> pos_integer().
+
+perf_counter_unit() ->
+    erlang:nif_error(undefined).
+
 -spec erts_internal:is_system_process(Pid) -> boolean() when
       Pid :: pid().
 
 is_system_process(_Pid) ->
     erlang:nif_error(undefined).
+
+-spec await_microstate_accounting_modifications(Ref, Result, Threads) -> boolean() when
+      Ref :: reference(),
+      Result :: boolean(),
+      Threads :: pos_integer().
+
+await_microstate_accounting_modifications(Ref, Result, Threads) ->
+    _ = microstate_accounting(Ref,Threads),
+    Result.
+
+-spec gather_microstate_accounting_result(Ref, Threads) -> [#{}] when
+      Ref :: reference(),
+      Threads :: pos_integer().
+
+gather_microstate_accounting_result(Ref, Threads) ->
+    microstate_accounting(Ref, Threads).
+
+microstate_accounting(_Ref, 0) ->
+    [];
+microstate_accounting(Ref, Threads) ->
+    receive
+        Ref -> microstate_accounting(Ref, Threads - 1);
+        {Ref, Res} ->
+	    [Res | microstate_accounting(Ref, Threads - 1)]
+    end.
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/src/init.erl b/erts/preloaded/src/init.erl
index 0ad5824ad1..ed65c57c0d 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/src/init.erl
+++ b/erts/preloaded/src/init.erl
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 %% a local file or distributed from another erlang node.
 %% 
 %% Flags:
-%%        -id Identity   : identity of the system.
 %%        -boot File     : Absolute file name of the boot script.
 %%        -boot_var Var Value
 %%                       : $Var in the boot script is expanded to
@@ -75,6 +74,19 @@
 		subscribed = []}).
 -type state() :: #state{}.
 
+%% Data for eval_script/2.
+-record(es,
+	{init,
+	 debug,
+	 path,
+	 pa,
+	 pz,
+	 path_choice,
+	 prim_load,
+	 load_mode,
+	 vars
+	}).
+
 -define(ON_LOAD_HANDLER, init__boot__on_load_handler).
 
 debug(false, _) -> ok;
@@ -169,8 +181,7 @@ boot(BootArgs) ->
     process_flag(trap_exit, true),
     {Start0,Flags,Args} = parse_boot_args(BootArgs),
     Start = map(fun prepare_run_args/1, Start0),
-    Flags0 = flags_to_atoms_again(Flags),
-    boot(Start,Flags0,Args).
+    boot(Start, Flags, Args).
 
 prepare_run_args({eval, [Expr]}) ->
     {eval,Expr};
@@ -202,16 +213,6 @@ map(_F, []) ->
 map(F, [X|Rest]) ->
     [F(X) | map(F, Rest)].
 
-flags_to_atoms_again([]) ->
-    [];
-flags_to_atoms_again([{F0,L0}|Rest]) ->
-    L = L0,
-    F = b2a(F0),
-    [{F,L}|flags_to_atoms_again(Rest)];
-flags_to_atoms_again([{F0}|Rest]) ->
-    F = b2a(F0),
-    [{F}|flags_to_atoms_again(Rest)].
-
 -spec code_path_choice() -> 'relaxed' | 'strict'.
 code_path_choice() ->
     case get_argument(code_path_choice) of
@@ -337,7 +338,7 @@ boot_loop(BootPid, State) ->
     end.
 
 ensure_loaded(Module, Loaded) ->
-    File = concat([Module,objfile_extension()]),
+    File = atom_to_list(Module) ++ objfile_extension(),
     case catch load_mod(Module,File) of
 	{ok, FullName} ->
 	    {{module, Module}, [{Module, FullName}|Loaded]};
@@ -451,9 +452,9 @@ do_handle_msg(Msg,State) ->
 %%% -------------------------------------------------
 
 make_permanent(Boot,Config,Flags0,State) ->
-    case set_flag('-boot',Boot,Flags0) of
+    case set_flag(boot, Boot, Flags0) of
 	{ok,Flags1} ->
-	    case set_flag('-config',Config,Flags1) of
+	    case set_flag(config, Config, Flags1) of
 		{ok,Flags} ->
 		    {ok,State#state{flags = Flags}};
 		Error ->
@@ -635,9 +636,9 @@ unload(_) ->
     do_unload(sub([heart|erlang:pre_loaded()],erlang:loaded())).
 
 do_unload([M|Mods]) ->
-    catch erlang:purge_module(M),
+    catch erts_internal:purge_module(M),
     catch erlang:delete_module(M),
-    catch erlang:purge_module(M),
+    catch erts_internal:purge_module(M),
     do_unload(Mods);
 do_unload([]) ->
     purge_all_hipe_refs(),
@@ -691,17 +692,15 @@ sleep(T) -> receive after T -> ok end.
 %%% The loader shall run for ever!
 %%% -------------------------------------------------
 
-start_prim_loader(Init,Id,Pgm,Nodes,Path,{Pa,Pz}) ->
-    case erl_prim_loader:start(Id,Pgm,Nodes) of
-	{ok,Pid} when Path =:= false ->
-	    InitPath = append(Pa,["."|Pz]),
-	    erl_prim_loader:set_path(InitPath),
-	    add_to_kernel(Init,Pid),
-	    Pid;
+start_prim_loader(Init, Path0, {Pa,Pz}) ->
+    Path = case Path0 of
+	       false -> Pa ++ ["."|Pz];
+	       _ -> Path0
+	   end,
+    case erl_prim_loader:start() of
 	{ok,Pid} ->
 	    erl_prim_loader:set_path(Path),
-	    add_to_kernel(Init,Pid),
-	    Pid;
+	    add_to_kernel(Init, Pid);
 	{error,Reason} ->
 	    erlang:display({"cannot start loader",Reason}),
 	    exit(Reason)
@@ -715,13 +714,6 @@ add_to_kernel(Init,Pid) ->
 	    ok
     end.
 
-prim_load_flags(Flags) ->
-    PortPgm = get_flag('-loader',Flags,<<"efile">>),
-    Hosts = get_flag_list('-hosts', Flags, []),
-    Id = get_flag('-id',Flags,none),
-    Path = get_flag_list('-path',Flags,false),
-    {PortPgm, Hosts, Id, Path}.
-
 %%% -------------------------------------------------
 %%% The boot process fetches a boot script and loads
 %%% all modules specified and starts spec. processes.
@@ -734,24 +726,23 @@ do_boot(Flags,Start) ->
 
 do_boot(Init,Flags,Start) ->
     process_flag(trap_exit,true),
-    {Pgm0,Nodes,Id,Path} = prim_load_flags(Flags),
-    Root = b2s(get_flag('-root',Flags)),
-    PathFls = path_flags(Flags),
-    Pgm = b2s(Pgm0),
-    _Pid = start_prim_loader(Init,b2a(Id),Pgm,bs2as(Nodes),
-			     bs2ss(Path),PathFls),
+    Root = get_root(Flags),
+    Path = get_flag_list(path, Flags, false),
+    {Pa,Pz} = PathFls = path_flags(Flags),
+    start_prim_loader(Init, bs2ss(Path), PathFls),
     BootFile = bootfile(Flags,Root),
     BootList = get_boot(BootFile,Root),
-    LoadMode = b2a(get_flag('-mode',Flags,false)),
-    Deb = b2a(get_flag('-init_debug',Flags,false)),
+    LoadMode = b2a(get_flag(mode, Flags, false)),
+    Deb = b2a(get_flag(init_debug, Flags, false)),
     catch ?ON_LOAD_HANDLER ! {init_debug_flag,Deb},
-    BootVars = get_flag_args('-boot_var',Flags),
-    ParallelLoad = 
-	(Pgm =:= "efile") and (erlang:system_info(thread_pool_size) > 0),
+    BootVars = get_boot_vars(Root, Flags),
 
     PathChoice = code_path_choice(),
-    eval_script(BootList,Init,PathFls,{Root,BootVars},Path,
-		{true,LoadMode,ParallelLoad},Deb,PathChoice),
+    Es = #es{init=Init,debug=Deb,path=Path,pa=Pa,pz=Pz,
+	     path_choice=PathChoice,
+	     prim_load=true,load_mode=LoadMode,
+	     vars=BootVars},
+    eval_script(BootList, Es),
 
     %% To help identifying Purify windows that pop up,
     %% print the node name into the Purify log.
@@ -759,21 +750,43 @@ do_boot(Init,Flags,Start) ->
 
     start_em(Start).
 
+get_root(Flags) ->
+    case get_argument(root, Flags) of
+	{ok,[[Root]]} ->
+	    Root;
+	_ ->
+	    exit(no_or_multiple_root_variables)
+    end.
+
+get_boot_vars(Root, Flags) ->
+    BootVars = get_boot_vars_1(#{}, Flags),
+    RootKey = <<"ROOT">>,
+    BootVars#{RootKey=>Root}.
+
+get_boot_vars_1(Vars, [{boot_var,[Key,Value]}|T]) ->
+    get_boot_vars_1(Vars#{Key=>Value}, T);
+get_boot_vars_1(_, [{boot_var,_}|_]) ->
+    exit(invalid_boot_var_argument);
+get_boot_vars_1(Vars, [_|T]) ->
+    get_boot_vars_1(Vars, T);
+get_boot_vars_1(Vars, []) ->
+    Vars.
+
 bootfile(Flags,Root) ->
-    b2s(get_flag('-boot',Flags,concat([Root,"/bin/start"]))).
+    b2s(get_flag(boot, Flags, Root++"/bin/start")).
 
 path_flags(Flags) ->
-    Pa = append(reverse(get_flag_args('-pa',Flags))),
-    Pz = append(get_flag_args('-pz',Flags)),
+    Pa = append(reverse(get_flag_args(pa, Flags))),
+    Pz = append(get_flag_args(pz, Flags)),
     {bs2ss(Pa),bs2ss(Pz)}.
 
 get_boot(BootFile0,Root) ->
-    BootFile = concat([BootFile0,".boot"]),
+    BootFile = BootFile0 ++ ".boot",
     case get_boot(BootFile) of
 	{ok, CmdList} ->
 	    CmdList;
 	not_found -> %% Check for default.
-	    BootF = concat([Root,"/bin/",BootFile]),
+	    BootF = Root ++ "/bin/" ++ BootFile,
 	    case get_boot(BootF)  of
 		{ok, CmdList} ->
 		    CmdList;
@@ -807,93 +820,67 @@ get_boot(BootFile) ->
 %% boot process hangs (we want to ensure syncronicity).
 %%
 
-eval_script([{progress,Info}|CfgL],Init,PathFs,Vars,P,Ph,Deb,PathChoice) ->
-    debug(Deb,{progress,Info}),
+eval_script([{progress,Info}=Progress|T], #es{debug=Deb}=Es) ->
+    debug(Deb, Progress),
     init ! {self(),progress,Info},
-    eval_script(CfgL,Init,PathFs,Vars,P,Ph,Deb,PathChoice);
-eval_script([{preLoaded,_}|CfgL],Init,PathFs,Vars,P,Ph,Deb,PathChoice) ->
-    eval_script(CfgL,Init,PathFs,Vars,P,Ph,Deb,PathChoice);
-eval_script([{path,Path}|CfgL],Init,{Pa,Pz},Vars,false,Ph,Deb,PathChoice) ->
+    eval_script(T, Es);
+eval_script([{preLoaded,_}|T], #es{}=Es) ->
+    eval_script(T, Es);
+eval_script([{path,Path}|T], #es{path=false,pa=Pa,pz=Pz,
+				 path_choice=PathChoice,
+				 vars=Vars}=Es) ->
     RealPath0 = make_path(Pa, Pz, Path, Vars),
     RealPath = patch_path(RealPath0, PathChoice),
     erl_prim_loader:set_path(RealPath),
-    eval_script(CfgL,Init,{Pa,Pz},Vars,false,Ph,Deb,PathChoice);
-eval_script([{path,_}|CfgL],Init,PathFs,Vars,P,Ph,Deb,PathChoice) ->
+    eval_script(T, Es);
+eval_script([{path,_}|T], #es{}=Es) ->
     %% Ignore, use the command line -path flag.
-    eval_script(CfgL,Init,PathFs,Vars,P,Ph,Deb,PathChoice);
-eval_script([{kernel_load_completed}|CfgL],Init,PathFs,Vars,P,{_,embedded,Par},Deb,PathChoice) ->
-    eval_script(CfgL,Init,PathFs,Vars,P,{true,embedded,Par},Deb,PathChoice);
-eval_script([{kernel_load_completed}|CfgL],Init,PathFs,Vars,P,{_,E,Par},Deb,PathChoice) ->
-    eval_script(CfgL,Init,PathFs,Vars,P,{false,E,Par},Deb,PathChoice);
-eval_script([{primLoad,Mods}|CfgL],Init,PathFs,Vars,P,{true,E,Par},Deb,PathChoice)
+    eval_script(T, Es);
+eval_script([{kernel_load_completed}|T], #es{load_mode=Mode}=Es0) ->
+    Es = case Mode of
+	     embedded -> Es0;
+	     _ -> Es0#es{prim_load=false}
+	 end,
+    eval_script(T, Es);
+eval_script([{primLoad,[Mod]}|T], #es{prim_load=true}=Es) ->
+    %% Common special case (loading of error_handler). Nothing
+    %% to gain by parallel loading.
+    File = atom_to_list(Mod) ++ objfile_extension(),
+    {ok,Full} = load_mod(Mod, File),
+    init ! {self(),loaded,{Mod,Full}}, % Tell init about loaded module
+    eval_script(T, Es);
+eval_script([{primLoad,Mods}|T], #es{init=Init,prim_load=PrimLoad}=Es)
   when is_list(Mods) ->
-    if 
-	Par =:= true ->
-	    par_load_modules(Mods,Init);
+    case PrimLoad of
 	true ->
-	    load_modules(Mods)
+	    load_modules(Mods, Init);
+	false ->
+	    %% Do not load now, code_server does that dynamically!
+	    ok
     end,
-    eval_script(CfgL,Init,PathFs,Vars,P,{true,E,Par},Deb,PathChoice);
-eval_script([{primLoad,_Mods}|CfgL],Init,PathFs,Vars,P,{false,E,Par},Deb,PathChoice) ->
-    %% Do not load now, code_server does that dynamically!
-    eval_script(CfgL,Init,PathFs,Vars,P,{false,E,Par},Deb,PathChoice);
-eval_script([{kernelProcess,Server,{Mod,Fun,Args}}|CfgL],Init,
-	    PathFs,Vars,P,Ph,Deb,PathChoice) ->
-    debug(Deb,{start,Server}),
-    start_in_kernel(Server,Mod,Fun,Args,Init),
-    eval_script(CfgL,Init,PathFs,Vars,P,Ph,Deb,PathChoice);
-eval_script([{apply,{Mod,Fun,Args}}|CfgL],Init,PathFs,Vars,P,Ph,Deb,PathChoice) ->
-    debug(Deb,{apply,{Mod,Fun,Args}}),
-    apply(Mod,Fun,Args),
-    eval_script(CfgL,Init,PathFs,Vars,P,Ph,Deb,PathChoice);
-eval_script([],_,_,_,_,_,_,_) ->
+    eval_script(T, Es);
+eval_script([{kernelProcess,Server,{Mod,Fun,Args}}|T],
+	    #es{init=Init,debug=Deb}=Es) ->
+    debug(Deb, {start,Server}),
+    start_in_kernel(Server, Mod, Fun, Args, Init),
+    eval_script(T, Es);
+eval_script([{apply,{Mod,Fun,Args}}=Apply|T], #es{debug=Deb}=Es) ->
+    debug(Deb, Apply),
+    apply(Mod, Fun, Args),
+    eval_script(T, Es);
+eval_script([], #es{}) ->
     ok;
-eval_script(What,_,_,_,_,_,_,_) ->
+eval_script(What, #es{}) ->
     exit({'unexpected command in bootfile',What}).
 
-load_modules([Mod|Mods]) ->
-    File = concat([Mod,objfile_extension()]),
+load_modules([Mod|Mods], Init) ->
+    File = atom_to_list(Mod) ++ objfile_extension(),
     {ok,Full} = load_mod(Mod,File),
-    init ! {self(),loaded,{Mod,Full}},  %% Tell init about loaded module
-    load_modules(Mods);
-load_modules([]) ->
+    Init ! {self(),loaded,{Mod,Full}},	%Tell init about loaded module
+    load_modules(Mods, Init);
+load_modules([], _) ->
     ok.
 
-%%% An optimization: erl_prim_loader gets the chance of loading many
-%%% files in parallel, using threads. This will reduce the seek times,
-%%% and loaded code can be processed while other threads are waiting
-%%% for the disk. The optimization is not tried unless the loader is
-%%% "efile" and there is a non-empty pool of threads.
-%%%
-%%% Many threads are needed to get a good result, so it would be
-%%% beneficial to load several applications in parallel. However,
-%%% measurements show that the file system handles one directory at a
-%%% time, regardless if parallel threads are created for files on
-%%% several directories (a guess: writing the meta information when
-%%% the file was last read ('mtime'), forces the file system to sync
-%%% between directories).
-
-par_load_modules(Mods,Init) ->
-    Ext = objfile_extension(),
-    ModFiles = [{Mod,concat([Mod,Ext])} || Mod <- Mods,
-					   not erlang:module_loaded(Mod)],
-    Self = self(),
-    Fun = fun(Mod, BinCode, FullName) ->
-		  case catch load_mod_code(Mod, BinCode, FullName) of
-		      {ok, _} ->
-			  Init ! {Self,loaded,{Mod,FullName}},
-			  ok;
-		      _EXIT ->
-			  {error, Mod}
-		  end
-	  end,
-    case erl_prim_loader:get_files(ModFiles, Fun) of
-	ok ->
-	    ok;
-	{error,Mod} ->
-	    exit({'cannot load',Mod,get_files})
-    end.
-
 make_path(Pa, Pz, Path, Vars) ->
     append([Pa,append([fix_path(Path,Vars),Pz])]).
 
@@ -908,34 +895,25 @@ fix_path([Path|Ps], Vars) ->
 fix_path(_, _) ->
     [].
 
-add_var("$ROOT/" ++ Path, {Root,_}) ->
-    concat([Root, "/", Path]);
-add_var([$$|Path0], {_,VarList}) ->
-    {Var,Path} = extract_var(Path0,[]),
-    Value = b2s(get_var_value(list_to_binary(Var),VarList)),
-    concat([Value, "/", Path]);
-add_var(Path, _)   ->
+add_var("$"++Path0, Vars) ->
+    {Var,Path} = extract_var(Path0, []),
+    Key = list_to_binary(Var),
+    case Vars of
+	#{Key:=Value0} ->
+	    Value = b2s(Value0),
+	    Value ++ "/" ++ Path;
+	_ ->
+	    Error0 = "cannot expand $" ++ Var ++ " in bootfile",
+	    Error = list_to_atom(Error0),
+	    exit(Error)
+    end;
+add_var(Path, _) ->
     Path.
 
 extract_var([$/|Path],Var) -> {reverse(Var),Path};
 extract_var([H|T],Var)     -> extract_var(T,[H|Var]);
 extract_var([],Var)        -> {reverse(Var),[]}.
 
-%% get_var_value(Var, [Vars]) where Vars == [atom()]
-get_var_value(Var,[Vars|VarList]) ->
-    case get_var_val(Var,Vars) of
-	{ok, Value} ->
-	    Value;
-	_ ->
-	    get_var_value(Var,VarList)
-    end;
-get_var_value(Var,[]) ->
-    exit(list_to_atom(concat(["cannot expand \$", Var, " in bootfile"]))).
-
-get_var_val(Var,[Var,Value|_]) -> {ok, Value};
-get_var_val(Var,[_,_|Vars])    -> get_var_val(Var,Vars);
-get_var_val(_,_)               -> false.
-
 patch_path(Dirs, strict) ->
     Dirs;
 patch_path(Dirs, relaxed) ->
@@ -1049,18 +1027,10 @@ start_it({eval,Bin}) ->
     {value, _Value, _Bs} = erl_eval:exprs(Expr, erl_eval:new_bindings()),
     ok;
 start_it([_|_]=MFA) ->
-    Ref = make_ref(),
-    case catch {Ref,case MFA of
-			[M]        -> M:start();
-			[M,F]      -> M:F();
-			[M,F|Args] -> M:F(Args)	% Args is a list
-		    end} of
-	{Ref,R} ->
-	    R;
-	{'EXIT',Reason} ->
-	    exit(Reason);
-	Other ->
-	    throw(Other)
+    case MFA of
+	[M]        -> M:start();
+	[M,F]      -> M:F();
+	[M,F|Args] -> M:F(Args)	% Args is a list
     end.
 
 %%
@@ -1102,7 +1072,7 @@ load_mod_code(Mod, BinCode, FullName) ->
 %% --------------------------------------------------------
 
 shutdown_timer(Flags) ->
-    case get_flag('-shutdown_time',Flags,infinity) of
+    case get_flag(shutdown_time, Flags, infinity) of
 	infinity ->
 	    self();
 	Time ->
@@ -1152,14 +1122,10 @@ parse_boot_args([B|Bs], Ss, Fs, As) ->
 	eval_arg ->
 	    {Expr,Rest} = get_args(Bs, []),
 	    parse_boot_args(Rest, [{eval, Expr}|Ss], Fs, As);
-	flag ->
+	{flag,A} ->
 	    {F,Rest} = get_args(Bs, []),
-	    Fl = case F of
-		     []   -> [B];
-		     FF   -> [B,FF]
-		 end,
-	    parse_boot_args(Rest, Ss,  
-			    [list_to_tuple(Fl)|Fs], As);
+	    Fl = {A,F},
+	    parse_boot_args(Rest, Ss, [Fl|Fs], As);
 	arg ->
 	    parse_boot_args(Bs, Ss, Fs, [B|As]);
 	end_args ->
@@ -1173,12 +1139,8 @@ check(<<"-s">>) -> start_arg;
 check(<<"-run">>) -> start_arg2;
 check(<<"-eval">>) -> eval_arg;
 check(<<"--">>) -> end_args;
-check(X) when is_binary(X) ->
-    case binary_to_list(X) of
-	[$-|_Rest] -> flag;
-	_Chars     -> arg			%Even empty atoms
-    end;
-check(_X) -> arg.				%This should never occur
+check(<<"-",Flag/binary>>) -> {flag,b2a(Flag)};
+check(_) -> arg.
 
 get_args([B|Bs], As) ->
     case check(B) of
@@ -1187,7 +1149,7 @@ get_args([B|Bs], As) ->
 	start_arg2 -> {reverse(As), [B|Bs]};
 	eval_arg -> {reverse(As), [B|Bs]};
 	end_args -> {reverse(As), Bs};
-	flag -> {reverse(As), [B|Bs]};
+	{flag,_} -> {reverse(As), [B|Bs]};
 	arg ->
 	    get_args(Bs, [B|As])
     end;
@@ -1199,44 +1161,28 @@ get_args([], As) -> {reverse(As),[]}.
 %%         atom() if a single arg was given.
 %%         list(atom()) if several args were given.
 %%
-get_flag(F,Flags,Default) ->
-    case catch get_flag(F,Flags) of
-	{'EXIT',_} ->
-	    Default;
-	Value ->
-	    Value
-    end.
-
-get_flag(F,Flags) ->
-    case search(F,Flags) of
-	{value,{F,[V]}} ->
+get_flag(F, Flags, Default) ->
+    case lists:keyfind(F, 1, Flags) of
+	{F,[]} ->
+	    true;
+	{F,[V]} ->
 	    V;
-	{value,{F,V}} ->
+	{F,V} ->
 	    V;
-	{value,{F}} -> % Flag given!
-	    true;
 	_ ->
-	    exit(list_to_atom(concat(["no ",F," flag"])))
+	    Default
     end.
 
 %%
 %% Internal get_flag function, with default value.
 %% Return: list(atom()) 
 %%
-get_flag_list(F,Flags,Default) ->
-    case catch get_flag_list(F,Flags) of
-	{'EXIT',_} ->
-	    Default;
-	Value ->
-	    Value
-    end.
-
-get_flag_list(F,Flags) ->
-    case search(F,Flags) of
-	{value,{F,V}} ->
+get_flag_list(F, Flags, Default) ->
+    case lists:keyfind(F, 1, Flags) of
+	{F,[_|_]=V} ->
 	    V;
 	_ ->
-	    exit(list_to_atom(concat(["no ",F," flag"])))
+	    Default
     end.
 
 %%
@@ -1246,21 +1192,15 @@ get_flag_list(F,Flags) ->
 %%
 get_flag_args(F,Flags) -> get_flag_args(F,Flags,[]).
 
-get_flag_args(F,[{F,V}|Flags],Acc) when is_list(V) ->
-    get_flag_args(F,Flags,[V|Acc]);
 get_flag_args(F,[{F,V}|Flags],Acc) ->
-    get_flag_args(F,Flags,[[V]|Acc]);
+    get_flag_args(F,Flags,[V|Acc]);
 get_flag_args(F,[_|Flags],Acc) ->
     get_flag_args(F,Flags,Acc);
 get_flag_args(_,[],Acc) ->
     reverse(Acc).
 
 get_arguments([{F,V}|Flags]) ->
-    [$-|Fl] = atom_to_list(F),
-    [{list_to_atom(Fl),to_strings(V)}|get_arguments(Flags)];
-get_arguments([{F}|Flags]) ->
-    [$-|Fl] = atom_to_list(F),
-    [{list_to_atom(Fl),[]}|get_arguments(Flags)];
+    [{F,to_strings(V)}|get_arguments(Flags)];
 get_arguments([]) ->
     [].
 
@@ -1268,44 +1208,26 @@ to_strings([H|T]) when is_atom(H) -> [atom_to_list(H)|to_strings(T)];
 to_strings([H|T]) when is_binary(H) -> [b2s(H)|to_strings(T)];
 to_strings([])    -> [].
 
-get_argument(Arg,Flags) ->
-    Args = get_arguments(Flags),
-    case get_argument1(Arg,Args) of
-	[] ->
-	    error;
-	Value ->
-	    {ok,Value}
+get_argument(Arg, Flags) ->
+    case get_argument1(Arg, Flags) of
+	[] -> error;
+	Value -> {ok,Value}
     end.
 
-get_argument1(Arg,[{Arg,V}|Args]) ->
-    [V|get_argument1(Arg,Args)];
-get_argument1(Arg,[_|Args]) ->
-    get_argument1(Arg,Args);
-get_argument1(_,[]) ->
+get_argument1(Arg, [{Arg,V}|Args]) ->
+    [to_strings(V)|get_argument1(Arg, Args)];
+get_argument1(Arg, [_|Args]) ->
+    get_argument1(Arg, Args);
+get_argument1(_, []) ->
     [].
 
 set_argument([{Flag,_}|Flags],Flag,Value) ->
     [{Flag,[Value]}|Flags];
-set_argument([{Flag}|Flags],Flag,Value) ->
-    [{Flag,[Value]}|Flags];
 set_argument([Item|Flags],Flag,Value) ->
     [Item|set_argument(Flags,Flag,Value)];
 set_argument([],Flag,Value) ->
     [{Flag,[Value]}].
 
-concat([A|T]) when is_atom(A) ->
-    atom_to_list(A) ++ concat(T);
-concat([C|T]) when is_integer(C), 0 =< C, C =< 255 ->
-    [C|concat(T)];
-concat([Bin|T]) when is_binary(Bin) ->
-    binary_to_list(Bin) ++ concat(T);
-concat([S|T]) ->
-    S ++ concat(T);
-concat([]) ->
-    [].
-
-append(L, Z) -> L ++ Z.
-
 append([E]) -> E;
 append([H|T]) ->
     H ++ append(T);
@@ -1320,13 +1242,6 @@ reverse([A, B]) ->
 reverse([A, B | L]) ->
     lists:reverse(L, [B, A]). % BIF
 			
-search(Key, [H|_T]) when is_tuple(H), element(1, H) =:= Key ->
-    {value, H};
-search(Key, [_|T]) ->
-    search(Key, T);
-search(_Key, []) ->
-    false.
-
 -spec objfile_extension() -> nonempty_string().
 objfile_extension() ->
     ".beam".
diff --git a/erts/preloaded/src/prim_file.erl b/erts/preloaded/src/prim_file.erl
index c87b2645ec..ab5359ebbc 100644
--- a/erts/preloaded/src/prim_file.erl
+++ b/erts/preloaded/src/prim_file.erl
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 %%
 %% %CopyrightBegin%
 %%
-%% Copyright Ericsson AB 2000-2013. All Rights Reserved.
+%% Copyright Ericsson AB 2000-2016. All Rights Reserved.
 %%
 %% Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 %% you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -1276,6 +1276,7 @@ lseek_position(_) ->
 %% Translates the response from the driver into 
 %% {ok, Result} or {error, Reason}.
 
+-dialyzer({no_improper_lists, translate_response/2}).
 translate_response(?FILE_RESP_OK, []) ->
     ok;
 translate_response(?FILE_RESP_ERROR, List) when is_list(List) ->