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authorSverker Eriksson <[email protected]>2017-08-30 20:55:08 +0200
committerSverker Eriksson <[email protected]>2017-08-30 20:55:08 +0200
commit7c67bbddb53c364086f66260701bc54a61c9659c (patch)
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Merge tag 'OTP-19.0' into sverker/19/binary_to_atom-utf8-crash/ERL-474/OTP-14590
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<!DOCTYPE erlref SYSTEM "erlref.dtd">
+
+<erlref>
+ <header>
+ <copyright>
+ <year>2013</year><year>2016</year>
+ <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder>
+ </copyright>
+ <legalnotice>
+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+ </legalnotice>
+
+ <title>maps</title>
+ <prepared>Björn-Egil Dahlberg</prepared>
+ <docno>1</docno>
+ <date>2014-02-28</date>
+ <rev>A</rev>
+ </header>
+ <module>maps</module>
+ <modulesummary>Maps processing functions.</modulesummary>
+ <description>
+ <p>This module contains functions for maps processing.</p>
+ </description>
+
+ <funcs>
+ <func>
+ <name name="filter" arity="2"/>
+ <fsummary>Select pairs that satisfy a predicate.</fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Returns a map <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> for which predicate
+ <c><anno>Pred</anno></c> holds true in <c><anno>Map1</anno></c>.</p>
+ <p>The call fails with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> is not a map, or with <c>badarg</c> if
+ <c><anno>Pred</anno></c> is not a function of arity 2.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> M = #{a => 2, b => 3, c=> 4, "a" => 1, "b" => 2, "c" => 4},
+ Pred = fun(K,V) -> is_atom(K) andalso (V rem 2) =:= 0 end,
+ maps:filter(Pred,M).
+#{a => 2,c => 4}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="find" arity="2"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Returns a tuple <c>{ok, Value}</c>, where <c><anno>Value</anno></c>
+ is the value associated with <c><anno>Key</anno></c>, or <c>error</c>
+ if no value is associated with <c><anno>Key</anno></c> in
+ <c><anno>Map</anno></c>.</p>
+ <p>The call fails with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{"hi" => 42},
+ Key = "hi",
+ maps:find(Key,Map).
+{ok,42}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="fold" arity="3"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Calls <c>F(K, V, AccIn)</c> for every <c><anno>K</anno></c> to value
+ <c><anno>V</anno></c> association in <c><anno>Map</anno></c> in
+ any order. Function <c>fun F/3</c> must return a new
+ accumulator, which is passed to the next successive call.
+ This function returns the final value of the accumulator. The initial
+ accumulator value <c><anno>Init</anno></c> is returned if the map is
+ empty.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Fun = fun(K,V,AccIn) when is_list(K) -> AccIn + V end,
+ Map = #{"k1" => 1, "k2" => 2, "k3" => 3},
+ maps:fold(Fun,0,Map).
+6</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="from_list" arity="1"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Takes a list of key-value tuples elements and builds a map. The
+ associations can be in any order, and both keys and values in the
+ association can be of any term. If the same key appears more than
+ once, the latter (right-most) value is used and the previous values
+ are ignored.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> List = [{"a",ignored},{1337,"value two"},{42,value_three},{"a",1}],
+ maps:from_list(List).
+#{42 => value_three,1337 => "value two","a" => 1}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="get" arity="2"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Returns value <c><anno>Value</anno></c> associated with
+ <c><anno>Key</anno></c> if <c><anno>Map</anno></c> contains
+ <c><anno>Key</anno></c>.</p>
+ <p>The call fails with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map, or with a <c>{badkey,Key}</c>
+ exception if no value is associated with <c><anno>Key</anno></c>.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Key = 1337,
+ Map = #{42 => value_two,1337 => "value one","a" => 1},
+ maps:get(Key,Map).
+"value one"</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="get" arity="3"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Returns value <c><anno>Value</anno></c> associated with
+ <c><anno>Key</anno></c> if <c><anno>Map</anno></c> contains
+ <c><anno>Key</anno></c>. If no value is associated with
+ <c><anno>Key</anno></c>, <c><anno>Default</anno></c> is returned.</p>
+ <p>The call fails with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{ key1 => val1, key2 => val2 }.
+#{key1 => val1,key2 => val2}
+> maps:get(key1, Map, "Default value").
+val1
+> maps:get(key3, Map, "Default value").
+"Default value"</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="is_key" arity="2"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Returns <c>true</c> if map <c><anno>Map</anno></c> contains
+ <c><anno>Key</anno></c> and returns <c>false</c> if it does not
+ contain the <c><anno>Key</anno></c>.</p>
+ <p>The call fails with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{"42" => value}.
+#{"42"> => value}
+> maps:is_key("42",Map).
+true
+> maps:is_key(value,Map).
+false</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="keys" arity="1"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Returns a complete list of keys, in any order, which resides
+ within <c><anno>Map</anno></c>.</p>
+ <p>The call fails with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{42 => value_three,1337 => "value two","a" => 1},
+ maps:keys(Map).
+[42,1337,"a"]</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="map" arity="2"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Produces a new map <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> by calling function
+ <c>fun F(K, V1)</c> for every <c><anno>K</anno></c> to value
+ <c><anno>V1</anno></c> association in <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> in
+ any order. Function <c>fun F/2</c> must return value
+ <c><anno>V2</anno></c> to be associated with key <c><anno>K</anno></c>
+ for the new map <c><anno>Map2</anno></c>.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Fun = fun(K,V1) when is_list(K) -> V1*2 end,
+ Map = #{"k1" => 1, "k2" => 2, "k3" => 3},
+ maps:map(Fun,Map).
+#{"k1" => 2,"k2" => 4,"k3" => 6}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="merge" arity="2"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Merges two maps into a single map <c><anno>Map3</anno></c>. If two
+ keys exist in both maps, the value in <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> is
+ superseded by the value in <c><anno>Map2</anno></c>.</p>
+ <p>The call fails with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> or <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> is not a map.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map1 = #{a => "value_one", b => "value_two"},
+ Map2 = #{a => 1, c => 2},
+ maps:merge(Map1,Map2).
+#{a => 1,b => "value_two",c => 2}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="new" arity="0"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Returns a new empty map.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> maps:new().
+#{}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="put" arity="3"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Associates <c><anno>Key</anno></c> with value
+ <c><anno>Value</anno></c> and inserts the association into map
+ <c>Map2</c>. If key <c><anno>Key</anno></c> already exists in map
+ <c><anno>Map1</anno></c>, the old associated value is replaced by
+ value <c><anno>Value</anno></c>. The function returns a new map
+ <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> containing the new association and the old
+ associations in <c><anno>Map1</anno></c>.</p>
+ <p>The call fails with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> is not a map.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{"a" => 1}.
+#{"a" => 1}
+> maps:put("a", 42, Map).
+#{"a" => 42}
+> maps:put("b", 1337, Map).
+#{"a" => 1,"b" => 1337}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="remove" arity="2"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Removes the <c><anno>Key</anno></c>, if it exists, and its
+ associated value from <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> and returns a new map
+ <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> without key <c><anno>Key</anno></c>.</p>
+ <p>The call fails with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> is not a map.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{"a" => 1}.
+#{"a" => 1}
+> maps:remove("a",Map).
+#{}
+> maps:remove("b",Map).
+#{"a" => 1}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="size" arity="1"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Returns the number of key-value associations in
+ <c><anno>Map</anno></c>. This operation occurs in constant time.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{42 => value_two,1337 => "value one","a" => 1},
+ maps:size(Map).
+3</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="take" arity="2"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>The function removes the <c><anno>Key</anno></c>, if it
+ exists, and its associated value from <c><anno>Map1</anno></c>
+ and returns a tuple with the removed <c><anno>Value</anno></c>
+ and the new map <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> without key
+ <c><anno>Key</anno></c>. If the key does not exist
+ <c>error</c> is returned.
+ </p>
+ <p>The call will fail with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> is not a map.
+ </p>
+ <p>Example:</p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{"a" => "hello", "b" => "world"}.
+#{"a" => "hello", "b" => "world"}
+> maps:take("a",Map).
+{"hello",#{"b" => "world"}}
+> maps:take("does not exist",Map).
+error</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="to_list" arity="1"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Returns a list of pairs representing the key-value associations of
+ <c><anno>Map</anno></c>, where the pairs
+ <c>[{K1,V1}, ..., {Kn,Vn}]</c> are returned in arbitrary order.</p>
+ <p>The call fails with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{42 => value_three,1337 => "value two","a" => 1},
+ maps:to_list(Map).
+[{42,value_three},{1337,"value two"},{"a",1}]</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="update" arity="3"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>If <c><anno>Key</anno></c> exists in <c><anno>Map1</anno></c>, the
+ old associated value is replaced by value <c><anno>Value</anno></c>.
+ The function returns a new map <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> containing
+ the new associated value.</p>
+ <p>The call fails with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> is not a map, or with a <c>{badkey,Key}</c>
+ exception if no value is associated with <c><anno>Key</anno></c>.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{"a" => 1}.
+#{"a" => 1}
+> maps:update("a", 42, Map).
+#{"a" => 42}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="update_with" arity="3"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Update a value in a <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> associated
+ with <c><anno>Key</anno></c> by calling
+ <c><anno>Fun</anno></c> on the old value to get a new
+ value. An exception <c>{badkey,<anno>Key</anno>}</c> is
+ generated if <c><anno>Key</anno></c> is not present in the
+ map.</p>
+ <p>Example:</p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{"counter" => 1},
+ Fun = fun(V) -> V + 1 end,
+ maps:update_with("counter",Fun,Map).
+#{"counter" => 2}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="update_with" arity="4"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Update a value in a <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> associated
+ with <c><anno>Key</anno></c> by calling
+ <c><anno>Fun</anno></c> on the old value to get a new value.
+ If <c><anno>Key</anno></c> is not present in
+ <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> then <c><anno>Init</anno></c> will be
+ associated with <c><anno>Key</anno></c>.
+ </p>
+ <p>Example:</p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{"counter" => 1},
+ Fun = fun(V) -> V + 1 end,
+ maps:update_with("new counter",Fun,42,Map).
+#{"counter" => 1,"new counter" => 42}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="values" arity="1"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Returns a complete list of values, in arbitrary order, contained in
+ map <c>Map</c>.</p>
+ <p>The call fails with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if
+ <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{42 => value_three,1337 => "value two","a" => 1},
+ maps:values(Map).
+[value_three,"value two",1]</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="with" arity="2"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Returns a new map <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> with the keys <c>K1</c>
+ through <c>Kn</c> and their associated values from map
+ <c><anno>Map1</anno></c>. Any key in <c><anno>Ks</anno></c> that does
+ not exist in <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> is ignored.</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{42 => value_three,1337 => "value two","a" => 1},
+ Ks = ["a",42,"other key"],
+ maps:with(Ks,Map).
+#{42 => value_three,"a" => 1}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+
+ <func>
+ <name name="without" arity="2"/>
+ <fsummary></fsummary>
+ <desc>
+ <p>Returns a new map <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> without keys <c>K1</c>
+ through <c>Kn</c> and their associated values from map
+ <c><anno>Map1</anno></c>. Any key in <c><anno>Ks</anno></c> that does
+ not exist in <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> is ignored</p>
+ <p><em>Example:</em></p>
+ <code type="none">
+> Map = #{42 => value_three,1337 => "value two","a" => 1},
+ Ks = ["a",42,"other key"],
+ maps:without(Ks,Map).
+#{1337 => "value two"}</code>
+ </desc>
+ </func>
+ </funcs>
+</erlref>