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27 files changed, 1088 insertions, 679 deletions
diff --git a/erts/doc/src/absform.xml b/erts/doc/src/absform.xml index df2553ced3..ca06794a53 100644 --- a/erts/doc/src/absform.xml +++ b/erts/doc/src/absform.xml @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at - + http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. - + </legalnotice> <title>The Abstract Format</title> @@ -35,24 +35,24 @@ <p></p> <p>This document describes the standard representation of parse trees for Erlang programs as Erlang terms. This representation is known as the <em>abstract format</em>. - Functions dealing with such parse trees are <c><![CDATA[compile:forms/[1,2]]]></c> + Functions dealing with such parse trees are <c>compile:forms/[1,2]</c> and functions in the modules - <c><![CDATA[epp]]></c>, - <c><![CDATA[erl_eval]]></c>, - <c><![CDATA[erl_lint]]></c>, - <c><![CDATA[erl_pp]]></c>, - <c><![CDATA[erl_parse]]></c>, + <c>epp</c>, + <c>erl_eval</c>, + <c>erl_lint</c>, + <c>erl_pp</c>, + <c>erl_parse</c>, and - <c><![CDATA[io]]></c>. + <c>io</c>. They are also used as input and output for parse transforms (see the module - <c><![CDATA[compile]]></c>).</p> - <p>We use the function <c><![CDATA[Rep]]></c> to denote the mapping from an Erlang source - construct <c><![CDATA[C]]></c> to its abstract format representation <c><![CDATA[R]]></c>, and write - <c><![CDATA[R = Rep(C)]]></c>. + <c>compile</c>).</p> + <p>We use the function <c>Rep</c> to denote the mapping from an Erlang source + construct <c>C</c> to its abstract format representation <c>R</c>, and write + <c>R = Rep(C)</c>. </p> - <p>The word <c><![CDATA[LINE]]></c> below represents an integer, and denotes the + <p>The word <c>LINE</c> below represents an integer, and denotes the number of the line in the source file where the construction occurred. - Several instances of <c><![CDATA[LINE]]></c> in the same construction may denote + Several instances of <c>LINE</c> in the same construction may denote different lines.</p> <p>Since operators are not terms in their own right, when operators are mentioned below, the representation of an operator should be taken to @@ -61,233 +61,116 @@ </p> <section> - <title>Module declarations and forms</title> + <title>Module Declarations and Forms</title> <p>A module declaration consists of a sequence of forms that are either function declarations or attributes.</p> <list type="bulleted"> <item>If D is a module declaration consisting of the forms - <c><![CDATA[F_1]]></c>, ..., <c><![CDATA[F_k]]></c>, then - Rep(D) = <c><![CDATA[[Rep(F_1), ..., Rep(F_k)]]]></c>.</item> - <item>If F is an attribute <c><![CDATA[-module(Mod)]]></c>, then - Rep(F) = <c><![CDATA[{attribute,LINE,module,Mod}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If F is an attribute <c><![CDATA[-behavior(Behavior)]]></c>, then - Rep(F) = <c><![CDATA[{attribute,LINE,behavior,Behavior}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If F is an attribute <c><![CDATA[-behaviour(Behaviour)]]></c>, then - Rep(F) = <c><![CDATA[{attribute,LINE,behaviour,Behaviour}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If F is an attribute <c><![CDATA[-export([Fun_1/A_1, ..., Fun_k/A_k])]]></c>, then - Rep(F) = <c><![CDATA[{attribute,LINE,export,[{Fun_1,A_1}, ..., {Fun_k,A_k}]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If F is an attribute <c><![CDATA[-import(Mod,[Fun_1/A_1, ..., Fun_k/A_k])]]></c>, then - Rep(F) = <c><![CDATA[{attribute,LINE,import,{Mod,[{Fun_1,A_1}, ..., {Fun_k,A_k}]}}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If F is an attribute <c><![CDATA[-compile(Options)]]></c>, then - Rep(F) = <c><![CDATA[{attribute,LINE,compile,Options}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If F is an attribute <c><![CDATA[-file(File,Line)]]></c>, then - Rep(F) = <c><![CDATA[{attribute,LINE,file,{File,Line}}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If F is a record declaration <c><![CDATA[-record(Name,{V_1, ..., V_k})]]></c>, then - Rep(F) = - <c><![CDATA[{attribute,LINE,record,{Name,[Rep(V_1), ..., Rep(V_k)]}}]]></c>. For Rep(V), see below.</item> - <item>If F is a type attribute (i.e. <c><![CDATA[opaque]]></c> or - <c><![CDATA[type]]></c>) - <c><![CDATA[-Attr Name(A_1, ..., A_k) :: T]]></c> where each - <c><![CDATA[A_i]]></c> is a variable, then Rep(F) = - <c><![CDATA[{attribute,LINE,Attr,{Name,Rep(T),[Rep(A_1), ..., Rep(A_k)]}}]]></c>. - For Rep(T), see below.</item> - <item>If F is a type spec (i.e. <c><![CDATA[callback]]></c> or - <c><![CDATA[spec]]></c>) - <c><![CDATA[-Attr F Tc_1; ...; Tc_k]]></c>, - where each <c><![CDATA[Tc_i]]></c> is a fun type clause with an - argument sequence of the same length <c><![CDATA[Arity]]></c>, then - Rep(F) = - <c><![CDATA[{Attr,LINE,{{F,Arity},[Rep(Tc_1), ..., Rep(Tc_k)]}}]]></c>. - For Rep(Tc_i), see below.</item> - <item>If F is a type spec (i.e. <c><![CDATA[callback]]></c> or - <c><![CDATA[spec]]></c>) - <c><![CDATA[-Attr Mod:F Tc_1; ...; Tc_k]]></c>, - where each <c><![CDATA[Tc_i]]></c> is a fun type clause with an - argument sequence of the same length <c><![CDATA[Arity]]></c>, then - Rep(F) = - <c><![CDATA[{Attr,LINE,{{Mod,F,Arity},[Rep(Tc_1), ..., Rep(Tc_k)]}}]]></c>. - For Rep(Tc_i), see below.</item> - <item>If F is a wild attribute <c><![CDATA[-A(T)]]></c>, then - Rep(F) = <c><![CDATA[{attribute,LINE,A,T}]]></c>. + <c>F_1</c>, ..., <c>F_k</c>, then + Rep(D) = <c>[Rep(F_1), ..., Rep(F_k)]</c>.</item> + <item>If F is an attribute <c>-module(Mod)</c>, then + Rep(F) = <c>{attribute,LINE,module,Mod}</c>.</item> + <item>If F is an attribute <c>-behavior(Behavior)</c>, then + Rep(F) = <c>{attribute,LINE,behavior,Behavior}</c>.</item> + <item>If F is an attribute <c>-behaviour(Behaviour)</c>, then + Rep(F) = <c>{attribute,LINE,behaviour,Behaviour}</c>.</item> + <item>If F is an attribute <c>-export([Fun_1/A_1, ..., Fun_k/A_k])</c>, then + Rep(F) = <c>{attribute,LINE,export,[{Fun_1,A_1}, ..., {Fun_k,A_k}]}</c>.</item> + <item>If F is an attribute <c>-import(Mod,[Fun_1/A_1, ..., Fun_k/A_k])</c>, then + Rep(F) = <c>{attribute,LINE,import,{Mod,[{Fun_1,A_1}, ..., {Fun_k,A_k}]}}</c>.</item> + <item>If F is an attribute <c>-export_type([Type_1/A_1, ..., Type_k/A_k])</c>, then + Rep(F) = <c>{attribute,LINE,export_type,[{Type_1,A_1}, ..., {Type_k,A_k}]}</c>.</item> + <item>If F is an attribute <c>-compile(Options)</c>, then + Rep(F) = <c>{attribute,LINE,compile,Options}</c>.</item> + <item>If F is an attribute <c>-file(File,Line)</c>, then + Rep(F) = <c>{attribute,LINE,file,{File,Line}}</c>.</item> + <item>If F is a record declaration + <c>-record(Name,{V_1, ..., V_k})</c>, then Rep(F) = + <c>{attribute,LINE,record,{Name,[Rep(V_1), ..., Rep(V_k)]}}</c>. + For Rep(V), see below.</item> + <item>If F is a type declaration + <c>-Type Name(V_1, ..., V_k) :: T</c>, where + <c>Type</c> is either the atom <c>type</c> or the atom <c>opaque</c>, + each <c>V_i</c> is a variable, and <c>T</c> is a type, then Rep(F) = + <c>{attribute,LINE,Type,{Name,Rep(T),[Rep(V_1), ..., Rep(V_k)]}}</c>. + </item> + <item>If F is a function specification + <c>-Spec Name Ft_1; ...; Ft_k</c>, + where <c>Spec</c> is either the atom <c>spec</c> or the atom + <c>callback</c>, and each <c>Ft_i</c> is a possibly constrained + function type with an argument sequence of the same length + <c>Arity</c>, then Rep(F) = + <c>{attribute,Line,Spec,{{Name,Arity},[Rep(Ft_1), ..., Rep(Ft_k)]}}</c>. + </item> + <item>If F is a function specification + <c>-spec Mod:Name Ft_1; ...; Ft_k</c>, + where each <c>Ft_i</c> is a possibly constrained + function type with an argument sequence of the same length + <c>Arity</c>, then Rep(F) = + <c>{attribute,Line,spec,{{Mod,Name,Arity},[Rep(Ft_1), ..., Rep(Ft_k)]}}</c>. + </item> + <item>If F is a wild attribute <c>-A(T)</c>, then + Rep(F) = <c>{attribute,LINE,A,T}</c>. <br></br></item> - <item>If F is a function declaration <c><![CDATA[Name Fc_1 ; ... ; Name Fc_k]]></c>, - where each <c><![CDATA[Fc_i]]></c> is a function clause with a - pattern sequence of the same length <c><![CDATA[Arity]]></c>, then - Rep(F) = <c><![CDATA[{function,LINE,Name,Arity,[Rep(Fc_1), ...,Rep(Fc_k)]}]]></c>.</item> + <item>If F is a function declaration + <c>Name Fc_1 ; ... ; Name Fc_k</c>, + where each <c>Fc_i</c> is a function clause with a + pattern sequence of the same length <c>Arity</c>, then + Rep(F) = <c>{function,LINE,Name,Arity,[Rep(Fc_1), ...,Rep(Fc_k)]}</c>. + </item> </list> <section> - <title>Type clauses</title> - <list type="bulleted"> - <item>If T is a fun type clause - <c><![CDATA[(A_1, ..., A_n) -> Ret]]></c>, where each - <c><![CDATA[A_i]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[Ret]]></c> are types, then - Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,'fun',[{type,LINE,product,[Rep(A_1), ..., Rep(A_n)]},Rep(Ret)]}]]></c>. - </item> - <item>If T is a bounded fun type clause <c><![CDATA[Tc when Tg]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[Tc]]></c> is an unbounded fun type clause and - <c><![CDATA[Tg]]></c> is a type guard sequence, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,bounded_fun,[Rep(Tc),Rep(Tg)]}]]></c>.</item> - </list> - </section> - - <section> - <title>Type guards</title> - <list type="bulleted"> - <item>If G is a constraint <c><![CDATA[F(A_1, ..., A_k)]]></c>, where - <c><![CDATA[F]]></c> is an atom and each <c><![CDATA[A_i]]></c> is a - type, then Rep(G) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,constraint,[Rep(F),[Rep(A_1), ..., Rep(A_k)]]}]]></c>. - </item> - <item>If G is a type definition <c><![CDATA[Name :: Type]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[Name]]></c> is a variable and - <c><![CDATA[Type]]></c> is a type, then Rep(G) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,constraint,[{atom,LINE,is_subtype},[Rep(Name),Rep(Type)]]}]]></c>.</item> - </list> - </section> - - <section> - <title>Types</title> + <title>Record Fields</title> + <p>Each field in a record declaration may have an optional + explicit default initializer expression, as well as an + optional type.</p> <list type="bulleted"> - <item>If T is a type definition <c><![CDATA[Name :: Type]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[Name]]></c> is a variable and - <c><![CDATA[Type]]></c> is a type, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{ann_type,LINE,[Rep(Name),Rep(Type)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a type union <c><![CDATA[A_1 | ... | A_k]]></c>, - where each <c><![CDATA[A_i]]></c> is a type, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,union,[Rep(A_1), ..., Rep(A_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a type range <c><![CDATA[L .. R]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[L]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[R]]></c> are types, then - Rep(T) = <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,range,[Rep(L), Rep(R)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a binary operation <c><![CDATA[L Op R]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[Op]]></c> is an arithmetic or bitwise binary operator - and <c><![CDATA[L]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[R]]></c> are types, then - Rep(T) = <c><![CDATA[{op,LINE,Op,Rep(L),Rep(R)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is <c><![CDATA[Op A]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[Op]]></c> is an - arithmetic or bitwise unary operator and <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> is a - type, then Rep(T) = <c><![CDATA[{op,LINE,Op,Rep(A)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a fun type <c><![CDATA[fun()]]></c>, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,'fun',[]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a variable <c><![CDATA[V]]></c>, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{var,LINE,A}]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> is an atom - with a printname consisting of the same characters as - <c><![CDATA[V]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is an atomic literal L and L is not a string literal, then - Rep(T) = Rep(L).</item> - <item>If T is a tuple or map type <c><![CDATA[F()]]></c> (i.e. - <c><![CDATA[tuple]]></c> or <c><![CDATA[map]]></c>), then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,F,any}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a type <c><![CDATA[F(A_1, ..., A_k)]]></c>, where each - <c><![CDATA[A_i]]></c> is a type, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{user_type,LINE,F,[Rep(A_1), ..., Rep(A_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a remote type <c><![CDATA[M:F(A_1, ..., A_k)]]></c>, where - each <c><![CDATA[A_i]]></c> is a type and <c><![CDATA[M]]></c> and - <c><![CDATA[F]]></c>, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{remote_type,LINE,[Rep(M),Rep(F),[Rep(A_1), ..., Rep(A_k)]]}]]></c>. + <item>If V is <c>A</c>, then + Rep(V) = <c>{record_field,LINE,Rep(A)}</c>.</item> + <item>If V is <c>A = E</c>, + where <c>E</c> is an expression, then + Rep(V) = <c>{record_field,LINE,Rep(A),Rep(E)}</c>.</item> + <item>If V is <c>A :: T</c>, where <c>T</c> is a + type and it does not contain + <c>undefined</c> syntactically, then Rep(V) = + <c>{typed_record_field,{record_field,LINE,Rep(A)},Rep(undefined | T)}</c>. </item> - <item>If T is the nil type <c><![CDATA[[]]]></c>, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,nil,[]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a list type <c><![CDATA[[A]]]></c>, where - <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> is a type, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,list,[Rep(A)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a non-empty list type <c><![CDATA[[A, ...]]]></c>, where - <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> is a type, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,nonempty_list,[Rep(A)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a map type <c><![CDATA[#{P_1, ..., P_k}]]></c>, where each - <c><![CDATA[P_i]]></c> is a map pair type, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,map,[Rep(P_1), ..., Rep(P_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a map pair type <c><![CDATA[K => V]]></c>, where - <c><![CDATA[K]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[V]]></c> are types, - then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,map_field_assoc,[Rep(K),Rep(V)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a tuple type <c><![CDATA[{A_1, ..., A_k}]]></c>, where - each <c><![CDATA[A_i]]></c> is a type, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,tuple,[Rep(A_1), ..., Rep(A_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a record type <c><![CDATA[#Name{}]]></c>, where - <c><![CDATA[Name]]></c> is an atom, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,record,[Rep(Name)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a record type <c><![CDATA[#Name{F_1, ..., F_k}]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[Name]]></c> is an atom, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,record,[Rep(Name),[Rep(F_1), ..., Rep(F_k)]]}]]></c>. + <item>If V is <c>A :: T</c>, where <c>T</c> is a type, then Rep(V) = + <c>{typed_record_field,{record_field,LINE,Rep(A)},Rep(T)}</c>. + </item> + <item>If V is <c>A = E :: T</c>, where + <c>E</c> is an expression and <c>T</c> is a type, then Rep(V) = + <c>{typed_record_field,{record_field,LINE,Rep(A),Rep(E)},Rep(T)}</c>. </item> - <item>If T is a record field type <c><![CDATA[Name :: Type]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[Name]]></c> is an atom, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,field_type,[Rep(Name),Rep(Type)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a record field type <c><![CDATA[<<>>]]></c>, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,binary,[{integer,LINE,0},{integer,LINE,0}]}]]></c>. - </item> - <item>If T is a binary type <c><![CDATA[<< _ : B >>]]></c>, where - <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a type, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,binary,[Rep(B),{integer,LINE,0}]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a binary type <c><![CDATA[<< _ : _ * U >>]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[U]]></c> is a type, then Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,binary,[{integer,LINE,0},Rep(U)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If T is a binary type <c><![CDATA[<< _ : B , _ : _ * U >>]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[U]]></c> is a type, then - Rep(T) = - <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,binary,[Rep(B),Rep(U)]}]]></c>.</item> - - <item>If T is a fun type <c><![CDATA[fun((...) -> Ret)]]></c>, then - Rep(T) = <c><![CDATA[{type,LINE,'fun',[{type,LINE,product,[]},Rep(Ret)]}]]></c>. - </item> - <item>If T is a fun type <c><![CDATA[fun(Tc)]]></c>, where - <c><![CDATA[Tc]]></c> is an unbounded fun type clause, - then Rep(T) = <c><![CDATA[Rep(Tc)]]></c>.</item> </list> </section> <section> - <title>Record fields</title> - <p>Each field in a record declaration may have an optional - explicit default initializer expression</p> - <list type="bulleted"> - <item>If V is <c><![CDATA[A]]></c>, then - Rep(V) = <c><![CDATA[{record_field,LINE,Rep(A)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If V is <c><![CDATA[A = E]]></c>, then - Rep(V) = <c><![CDATA[{record_field,LINE,Rep(A),Rep(E)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If V is <c><![CDATA[A :: T]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> is - an atom and <c><![CDATA[T]]></c> is a type and it does not contain - <c><![CDATA[undefined]]></c> syntactically, then Rep(V) = - <c><![CDATA[{typed_record_field,{record_field,LINE,Rep(A)},Rep(undefined | T)}]]></c>. - Note that if <![CDATA[T]]> is an annotated type, it will be wrapped in - parentheses.</item> - <item>If V is <c><![CDATA[A :: T]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> is - an atom and <c><![CDATA[T]]></c> is a type, then Rep(V) = - <c><![CDATA[{typed_record_field,{record_field,LINE,Rep(A)},Rep(T)}]]></c>. - </item> - <item>If V is <c><![CDATA[A = E :: T]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> - is an atom, <c><![CDATA[E]]></c> is an expression and - <c><![CDATA[T]]></c> is a type, then Rep(V) = - <c><![CDATA[{typed_record_field,{record_field,LINE,Rep(A),Rep(E)},Rep(T)}]]></c>. - </item> - </list> - </section> - - <section> - <title>Representation of parse errors and end of file</title> + <title>Representation of Parse Errors and End-of-file</title> <p>In addition to the representations of forms, the list that represents - a module declaration (as returned by functions in <c><![CDATA[erl_parse]]></c> and - <c><![CDATA[epp]]></c>) may contain tuples <c><![CDATA[{error,E}]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[{warning,W}]]></c>, denoting - syntactically incorrect forms and warnings, and <c><![CDATA[{eof,LINE}]]></c>, denoting an end - of stream encountered before a complete form had been parsed.</p> + a module declaration (as returned by functions in <c>erl_parse</c> and + <c>epp</c>) may contain tuples <c>{error,E}</c> and + <c>{warning,W}</c>, denoting syntactically incorrect forms and + warnings, and <c>{eof,LINE}</c>, denoting an end-of-stream + encountered before a complete form had been parsed.</p> </section> </section> <section> - <title>Atomic literals</title> + <title>Atomic Literals</title> <p>There are five kinds of atomic literals, which are represented in the same way in patterns, expressions and guards:</p> <list type="bulleted"> <item>If L is an integer or character literal, then - Rep(L) = <c><![CDATA[{integer,LINE,L}]]></c>.</item> + Rep(L) = <c>{integer,LINE,L}</c>.</item> <item>If L is a float literal, then - Rep(L) = <c><![CDATA[{float,LINE,L}]]></c>.</item> + Rep(L) = <c>{float,LINE,L}</c>.</item> <item>If L is a string literal consisting of the characters - <c><![CDATA[C_1]]></c>, ..., <c><![CDATA[C_k]]></c>, then - Rep(L) = <c><![CDATA[{string,LINE,[C_1, ..., C_k]}]]></c>.</item> + <c>C_1</c>, ..., <c>C_k</c>, then + Rep(L) = <c>{string,LINE,[C_1, ..., C_k]}</c>.</item> <item>If L is an atom literal, then - Rep(L) = <c><![CDATA[{atom,LINE,L}]]></c>.</item> + Rep(L) = <c>{atom,LINE,L}</c>.</item> </list> <p>Note that negative integer and float literals do not occur as such; they are parsed as an application of the unary negation operator.</p> @@ -295,47 +178,47 @@ <section> <title>Patterns</title> - <p>If <c><![CDATA[Ps]]></c> is a sequence of patterns <c><![CDATA[P_1, ..., P_k]]></c>, then - Rep(Ps) = <c><![CDATA[[Rep(P_1), ..., Rep(P_k)]]]></c>. Such sequences occur as the + <p>If <c>Ps</c> is a sequence of patterns <c>P_1, ..., P_k</c>, then + Rep(Ps) = <c>[Rep(P_1), ..., Rep(P_k)]</c>. Such sequences occur as the list of arguments to a function or fun.</p> <p>Individual patterns are represented as follows:</p> <list type="bulleted"> <item>If P is an atomic literal L, then Rep(P) = Rep(L).</item> - <item>If P is a compound pattern <c><![CDATA[P_1 = P_2]]></c>, then - Rep(P) = <c><![CDATA[{match,LINE,Rep(P_1),Rep(P_2)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If P is a variable pattern <c><![CDATA[V]]></c>, then - Rep(P) = <c><![CDATA[{var,LINE,A}]]></c>, + <item>If P is a compound pattern <c>P_1 = P_2</c>, then + Rep(P) = <c>{match,LINE,Rep(P_1),Rep(P_2)}</c>.</item> + <item>If P is a variable pattern <c>V</c>, then + Rep(P) = <c>{var,LINE,A}</c>, where A is an atom with a printname consisting of the same characters as - <c><![CDATA[V]]></c>.</item> - <item>If P is a universal pattern <c><![CDATA[_]]></c>, then - Rep(P) = <c><![CDATA[{var,LINE,'_'}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If P is a tuple pattern <c><![CDATA[{P_1, ..., P_k}]]></c>, then - Rep(P) = <c><![CDATA[{tuple,LINE,[Rep(P_1), ..., Rep(P_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If P is a nil pattern <c><![CDATA[[]]]></c>, then - Rep(P) = <c><![CDATA[{nil,LINE}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If P is a cons pattern <c><![CDATA[[P_h | P_t]]]></c>, then - Rep(P) = <c><![CDATA[{cons,LINE,Rep(P_h),Rep(P_t)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is a binary pattern <c><![CDATA[<<P_1:Size_1/TSL_1, ..., P_k:Size_k/TSL_k>>]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{bin,LINE,[{bin_element,LINE,Rep(P_1),Rep(Size_1),Rep(TSL_1)}, ..., {bin_element,LINE,Rep(P_k),Rep(Size_k),Rep(TSL_k)}]}]]></c>. + <c>V</c>.</item> + <item>If P is a universal pattern <c>_</c>, then + Rep(P) = <c>{var,LINE,'_'}</c>.</item> + <item>If P is a tuple pattern <c>{P_1, ..., P_k}</c>, then + Rep(P) = <c>{tuple,LINE,[Rep(P_1), ..., Rep(P_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If P is a nil pattern <c>[]</c>, then + Rep(P) = <c>{nil,LINE}</c>.</item> + <item>If P is a cons pattern <c>[P_h | P_t]</c>, then + Rep(P) = <c>{cons,LINE,Rep(P_h),Rep(P_t)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is a binary pattern <c><<P_1:Size_1/TSL_1, ..., P_k:Size_k/TSL_k>></c>, then + Rep(E) = <c>{bin,LINE,[{bin_element,LINE,Rep(P_1),Rep(Size_1),Rep(TSL_1)}, ..., {bin_element,LINE,Rep(P_k),Rep(Size_k),Rep(TSL_k)}]}</c>. For Rep(TSL), see below. - An omitted <c><![CDATA[Size]]></c> is represented by <c><![CDATA[default]]></c>. An omitted <c><![CDATA[TSL]]></c> - (type specifier list) is represented by <c><![CDATA[default]]></c>.</item> - <item>If P is <c><![CDATA[P_1 Op P_2]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[Op]]></c> is a binary operator (this - is either an occurrence of <c><![CDATA[++]]></c> applied to a literal string or character + An omitted <c>Size</c> is represented by <c>default</c>. An omitted <c>TSL</c> + (type specifier list) is represented by <c>default</c>.</item> + <item>If P is <c>P_1 Op P_2</c>, where <c>Op</c> is a binary operator (this + is either an occurrence of <c>++</c> applied to a literal string or character list, or an occurrence of an expression that can be evaluated to a number at compile time), - then Rep(P) = <c><![CDATA[{op,LINE,Op,Rep(P_1),Rep(P_2)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If P is <c><![CDATA[Op P_0]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[Op]]></c> is a unary operator (this is an + then Rep(P) = <c>{op,LINE,Op,Rep(P_1),Rep(P_2)}</c>.</item> + <item>If P is <c>Op P_0</c>, where <c>Op</c> is a unary operator (this is an occurrence of an expression that can be evaluated to a number at compile - time), then Rep(P) = <c><![CDATA[{op,LINE,Op,Rep(P_0)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If P is a record pattern <c><![CDATA[#Name{Field_1=P_1, ..., Field_k=P_k}]]></c>, + time), then Rep(P) = <c>{op,LINE,Op,Rep(P_0)}</c>.</item> + <item>If P is a record pattern <c>#Name{Field_1=P_1, ..., Field_k=P_k}</c>, then Rep(P) = - <c><![CDATA[{record,LINE,Name, [{record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_1),Rep(P_1)}, ..., {record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_k),Rep(P_k)}]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If P is <c><![CDATA[#Name.Field]]></c>, then - Rep(P) = <c><![CDATA[{record_index,LINE,Name,Rep(Field)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If P is <c><![CDATA[( P_0 )]]></c>, then - Rep(P) = <c><![CDATA[Rep(P_0)]]></c>, - i.e., patterns cannot be distinguished from their bodies.</item> + <c>{record,LINE,Name,[{record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_1),Rep(P_1)}, ..., {record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_k),Rep(P_k)}]}</c>.</item> + <item>If P is <c>#Name.Field</c>, then + Rep(P) = <c>{record_index,LINE,Name,Rep(Field)}</c>.</item> + <item>If P is <c>( P_0 )</c>, then + Rep(P) = <c>Rep(P_0)</c>, + that is, patterns cannot be distinguished from their bodies.</item> </list> <p>Note that every pattern has the same source form as some expression, and is represented the same way as the corresponding expression.</p> @@ -343,180 +226,167 @@ <section> <title>Expressions</title> - <p>A body B is a sequence of expressions <c><![CDATA[E_1, ..., E_k]]></c>, and - Rep(B) = <c><![CDATA[[Rep(E_1), ..., Rep(E_k)]]]></c>.</p> + <p>A body B is a sequence of expressions <c>E_1, ..., E_k</c>, and + Rep(B) = <c>[Rep(E_1), ..., Rep(E_k)]</c>.</p> <p>An expression E is one of the following alternatives:</p> <list type="bulleted"> - <item>If P is an atomic literal <c><![CDATA[L]]></c>, then - Rep(P) = Rep(L).</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[P = E_0]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{match,LINE,Rep(P),Rep(E_0)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is a variable <c><![CDATA[V]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{var,LINE,A}]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> is an atom with a printname consisting of the same - characters as <c><![CDATA[V]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is a tuple skeleton <c><![CDATA[{E_1, ..., E_k}]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{tuple,LINE,[Rep(E_1), ..., Rep(E_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[[]]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{nil,LINE}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is a cons skeleton <c><![CDATA[[E_h | E_t]]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{cons,LINE,Rep(E_h),Rep(E_t)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is a binary constructor <c><![CDATA[<<V_1:Size_1/TSL_1, ..., V_k:Size_k/TSL_k>>]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{bin,LINE,[{bin_element,LINE,Rep(V_1),Rep(Size_1),Rep(TSL_1)}, ..., {bin_element,LINE,Rep(V_k),Rep(Size_k),Rep(TSL_k)}]}]]></c>. + <item>If P is an atomic literal <c>L</c>, then Rep(P) = Rep(L).</item> + <item>If E is <c>P = E_0</c>, then + Rep(E) = <c>{match,LINE,Rep(P),Rep(E_0)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is a variable <c>V</c>, then Rep(E) = <c>{var,LINE,A}</c>, + where <c>A</c> is an atom with a printname consisting of the same + characters as <c>V</c>.</item> + <item>If E is a tuple skeleton <c>{E_1, ..., E_k}</c>, then + Rep(E) = <c>{tuple,LINE,[Rep(E_1), ..., Rep(E_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>[]</c>, then + Rep(E) = <c>{nil,LINE}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is a cons skeleton <c>[E_h | E_t]</c>, then + Rep(E) = <c>{cons,LINE,Rep(E_h),Rep(E_t)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is a binary constructor <c><<V_1:Size_1/TSL_1, ..., V_k:Size_k/TSL_k>></c>, then Rep(E) = + <c>{bin,LINE,[{bin_element,LINE,Rep(V_1),Rep(Size_1),Rep(TSL_1)}, ..., {bin_element,LINE,Rep(V_k),Rep(Size_k),Rep(TSL_k)}]}</c>. For Rep(TSL), see below. - An omitted <c><![CDATA[Size]]></c> is represented by <c><![CDATA[default]]></c>. An omitted <c><![CDATA[TSL]]></c> - (type specifier list) is represented by <c><![CDATA[default]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[E_1 Op E_2]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[Op]]></c> is a binary operator, - then Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{op,LINE,Op,Rep(E_1),Rep(E_2)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[Op E_0]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[Op]]></c> is a unary operator, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{op,LINE,Op,Rep(E_0)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[#Name{Field_1=E_1, ..., Field_k=E_k}]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{record,LINE,Name, [{record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_1),Rep(E_1)}, ..., {record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_k),Rep(E_k)}]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[E_0#Name{Field_1=E_1, ..., Field_k=E_k}]]></c>, then + An omitted <c>Size</c> is represented by <c>default</c>. An omitted <c>TSL</c> + (type specifier list) is represented by <c>default</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>E_1 Op E_2</c>, where <c>Op</c> is a binary operator, + then Rep(E) = <c>{op,LINE,Op,Rep(E_1),Rep(E_2)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>Op E_0</c>, where <c>Op</c> is a unary operator, then + Rep(E) = <c>{op,LINE,Op,Rep(E_0)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>#Name{Field_1=E_1, ..., Field_k=E_k}</c>, + then Rep(E) = + <c>{record,LINE,Name,[{record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_1),Rep(E_1)}, ..., {record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_k),Rep(E_k)}]}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>E_0#Name{Field_1=E_1, ..., Field_k=E_k}</c>, then Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{record,LINE,Rep(E_0),Name, [{record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_1),Rep(E_1)}, ..., {record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_k),Rep(E_k)}]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[#Name.Field]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{record_index,LINE,Name,Rep(Field)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[E_0#Name.Field]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{record_field,LINE,Rep(E_0),Name,Rep(Field)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[#{W_1, ..., W_k}]]></c> where each - <c><![CDATA[W_i]]></c> is a map assoc or exact field, then Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{map,LINE,[Rep(W_1), ..., Rep(W_k)]}]]></c>. For Rep(W), see + <c>{record,LINE,Rep(E_0),Name,[{record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_1),Rep(E_1)}, ..., {record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_k),Rep(E_k)}]}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>#Name.Field</c>, then + Rep(E) = <c>{record_index,LINE,Name,Rep(Field)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>E_0#Name.Field</c>, then + Rep(E) = <c>{record_field,LINE,Rep(E_0),Name,Rep(Field)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>#{W_1, ..., W_k}</c> where each + <c>W_i</c> is a map assoc or exact field, then Rep(E) = + <c>{map,LINE,[Rep(W_1), ..., Rep(W_k)]}</c>. For Rep(W), see below.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[E_0#{W_1, ..., W_k}]]></c> where - <c><![CDATA[W_i]]></c> is a map assoc or exact field, then Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{map,LINE,Rep(E_0),[Rep(W_1), ..., Rep(W_k)]}]]></c>. For - Rep(W), see below.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[catch E_0]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{'catch',LINE,Rep(E_0)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[E_0(E_1, ..., E_k)]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{call,LINE,Rep(E_0),[Rep(E_1), ..., Rep(E_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[E_m:E_0(E_1, ..., E_k)]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{call,LINE,{remote,LINE,Rep(E_m),Rep(E_0)},[Rep(E_1), ..., Rep(E_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is a list comprehension <c><![CDATA[[E_0 || W_1, ..., W_k]]]></c>, - where each <c><![CDATA[W_i]]></c> is a generator or a filter, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{lc,LINE,Rep(E_0),[Rep(W_1), ..., Rep(W_k)]}]]></c>. For Rep(W), see - below.</item> - <item>If E is a binary comprehension <c><![CDATA[<<E_0 || W_1, ..., W_k>>]]></c>, - where each <c><![CDATA[W_i]]></c> is a generator or a filter, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{bc,LINE,Rep(E_0),[Rep(W_1), ..., Rep(W_k)]}]]></c>. For Rep(W), see + <item>If E is <c>E_0#{W_1, ..., W_k}</c> where + <c>W_i</c> is a map assoc or exact field, then Rep(E) = + <c>{map,LINE,Rep(E_0),[Rep(W_1), ..., Rep(W_k)]}</c>. + For Rep(W), see below.</item> + <item>If E is <c>catch E_0</c>, then + Rep(E) = <c>{'catch',LINE,Rep(E_0)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>E_0(E_1, ..., E_k)</c>, then + Rep(E) = <c>{call,LINE,Rep(E_0),[Rep(E_1), ..., Rep(E_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>E_m:E_0(E_1, ..., E_k)</c>, then Rep(E) = + <c>{call,LINE,{remote,LINE,Rep(E_m),Rep(E_0)},[Rep(E_1), ..., Rep(E_k)]}</c>. + </item> + <item>If E is a list comprehension <c>[E_0 || W_1, ..., W_k]</c>, + where each <c>W_i</c> is a generator or a filter, then Rep(E) = + <c>{lc,LINE,Rep(E_0),[Rep(W_1), ..., Rep(W_k)]}</c>. For Rep(W), see below.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[begin B end]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a body, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{block,LINE,Rep(B)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[if Ic_1 ; ... ; Ic_k end]]></c>, - where each <c><![CDATA[Ic_i]]></c> is an if clause then - Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{'if',LINE,[Rep(Ic_1), ..., Rep(Ic_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[case E_0 of Cc_1 ; ... ; Cc_k end]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[E_0]]></c> is an expression and each <c><![CDATA[Cc_i]]></c> is a - case clause then - Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{'case',LINE,Rep(E_0),[Rep(Cc_1), ..., Rep(Cc_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[try B catch Tc_1 ; ... ; Tc_k end]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a body and each <c><![CDATA[Tc_i]]></c> is a catch clause then - Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{'try',LINE,Rep(B),[],[Rep(Tc_1), ..., Rep(Tc_k)],[]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[try B of Cc_1 ; ... ; Cc_k catch Tc_1 ; ... ; Tc_n end]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a body, - each <c><![CDATA[Cc_i]]></c> is a case clause and - each <c><![CDATA[Tc_j]]></c> is a catch clause then - Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{'try',LINE,Rep(B),[Rep(Cc_1), ..., Rep(Cc_k)],[Rep(Tc_1), ..., Rep(Tc_n)],[]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[try B after A end]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> are bodies then - Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{'try',LINE,Rep(B),[],[],Rep(A)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[try B of Cc_1 ; ... ; Cc_k after A end]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> are a bodies and - each <c><![CDATA[Cc_i]]></c> is a case clause then - Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{'try',LINE,Rep(B),[Rep(Cc_1), ..., Rep(Cc_k)],[],Rep(A)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[try B catch Tc_1 ; ... ; Tc_k after A end]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> are bodies and - each <c><![CDATA[Tc_i]]></c> is a catch clause then - Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{'try',LINE,Rep(B),[],[Rep(Tc_1), ..., Rep(Tc_k)],Rep(A)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[try B of Cc_1 ; ... ; Cc_k catch Tc_1 ; ... ; Tc_n after A end]]></c>, - where <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> are a bodies, - each <c><![CDATA[Cc_i]]></c> is a case clause and - each <c><![CDATA[Tc_j]]></c> is a catch clause then - Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{'try',LINE,Rep(B),[Rep(Cc_1), ..., Rep(Cc_k)],[Rep(Tc_1), ..., Rep(Tc_n)],Rep(A)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[receive Cc_1 ; ... ; Cc_k end]]></c>, - where each <c><![CDATA[Cc_i]]></c> is a case clause then + <item>If E is a binary comprehension + <c><<E_0 || W_1, ..., W_k>></c>, + where each <c>W_i</c> is a generator or a filter, then + Rep(E) = <c>{bc,LINE,Rep(E_0),[Rep(W_1), ..., Rep(W_k)]}</c>. + For Rep(W), see below.</item> + <item>If E is <c>begin B end</c>, where <c>B</c> is a body, then + Rep(E) = <c>{block,LINE,Rep(B)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>if Ic_1 ; ... ; Ic_k end</c>, + where each <c>Ic_i</c> is an if clause then Rep(E) = + <c>{'if',LINE,[Rep(Ic_1), ..., Rep(Ic_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>case E_0 of Cc_1 ; ... ; Cc_k end</c>, + where <c>E_0</c> is an expression and each <c>Cc_i</c> is a + case clause then Rep(E) = + <c>{'case',LINE,Rep(E_0),[Rep(Cc_1), ..., Rep(Cc_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>try B catch Tc_1 ; ... ; Tc_k end</c>, + where <c>B</c> is a body and each <c>Tc_i</c> is a catch clause then Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{'receive',LINE,[Rep(Cc_1), ..., Rep(Cc_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[receive Cc_1 ; ... ; Cc_k after E_0 -> B_t end]]></c>, - where each <c><![CDATA[Cc_i]]></c> is a case clause, - <c><![CDATA[E_0]]></c> is an expression and <c><![CDATA[B_t]]></c> is a body, then + <c>{'try',LINE,Rep(B),[],[Rep(Tc_1), ..., Rep(Tc_k)],[]}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>try B of Cc_1 ; ... ; Cc_k catch Tc_1 ; ... ; Tc_n end</c>, + where <c>B</c> is a body, + each <c>Cc_i</c> is a case clause and + each <c>Tc_j</c> is a catch clause then Rep(E) = + <c>{'try',LINE,Rep(B),[Rep(Cc_1), ..., Rep(Cc_k)],[Rep(Tc_1), ..., Rep(Tc_n)],[]}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>try B after A end</c>, + where <c>B</c> and <c>A</c> are bodies then Rep(E) = + <c>{'try',LINE,Rep(B),[],[],Rep(A)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>try B of Cc_1 ; ... ; Cc_k after A end</c>, + where <c>B</c> and <c>A</c> are a bodies and + each <c>Cc_i</c> is a case clause then Rep(E) = + <c>{'try',LINE,Rep(B),[Rep(Cc_1), ..., Rep(Cc_k)],[],Rep(A)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>try B catch Tc_1 ; ... ; Tc_k after A end</c>, + where <c>B</c> and <c>A</c> are bodies and + each <c>Tc_i</c> is a catch clause then Rep(E) = + <c>{'try',LINE,Rep(B),[],[Rep(Tc_1), ..., Rep(Tc_k)],Rep(A)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>try B of Cc_1 ; ... ; Cc_k catch Tc_1 ; ... ; Tc_n after A end</c>, + where <c>B</c> and <c>A</c> are a bodies, + each <c>Cc_i</c> is a case clause and + each <c>Tc_j</c> is a catch clause then Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{'receive',LINE,[Rep(Cc_1), ..., Rep(Cc_k)],Rep(E_0),Rep(B_t)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[fun Name / Arity]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{'fun',LINE,{function,Name,Arity}}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[fun Module:Name/Arity]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{'fun',LINE,{function,Rep(Module),Rep(Name),Rep(Arity)}}]]></c>. - (Before the R15 release: Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{'fun',LINE,{function,Module,Name,Arity}}]]></c>.)</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[fun Fc_1 ; ... ; Fc_k end]]></c> - where each <c><![CDATA[Fc_i]]></c> is a function clause then Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{'fun',LINE,{clauses,[Rep(Fc_1), ..., Rep(Fc_k)]}}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[fun Name Fc_1 ; ... ; Name Fc_k end]]></c> - where <c><![CDATA[Name]]></c> is a variable and each - <c><![CDATA[Fc_i]]></c> is a function clause then Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{named_fun,LINE,Name,[Rep(Fc_1), ..., Rep(Fc_k)]}]]></c>. + <c>{'try',LINE,Rep(B),[Rep(Cc_1), ..., Rep(Cc_k)],[Rep(Tc_1), ..., Rep(Tc_n)],Rep(A)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>receive Cc_1 ; ... ; Cc_k end</c>, + where each <c>Cc_i</c> is a case clause then Rep(E) = + <c>{'receive',LINE,[Rep(Cc_1), ..., Rep(Cc_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>receive Cc_1 ; ... ; Cc_k after E_0 -> B_t end</c>, + where each <c>Cc_i</c> is a case clause, + <c>E_0</c> is an expression and <c>B_t</c> is a body, then Rep(E) = + <c>{'receive',LINE,[Rep(Cc_1), ..., Rep(Cc_k)],Rep(E_0),Rep(B_t)}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>fun Name / Arity</c>, then + Rep(E) = <c>{'fun',LINE,{function,Name,Arity}}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>fun Module:Name/Arity</c>, then Rep(E) = + <c>{'fun',LINE,{function,Rep(Module),Rep(Name),Rep(Arity)}}</c>. + (Before the R15 release: Rep(E) = + <c>{'fun',LINE,{function,Module,Name,Arity}}</c>.)</item> + <item>If E is <c>fun Fc_1 ; ... ; Fc_k end</c> + where each <c>Fc_i</c> is a function clause then Rep(E) = + <c>{'fun',LINE,{clauses,[Rep(Fc_1), ..., Rep(Fc_k)]}}</c>.</item> + <item>If E is <c>fun Name Fc_1 ; ... ; Name Fc_k end</c> + where <c>Name</c> is a variable and each + <c>Fc_i</c> is a function clause then Rep(E) = + <c>{named_fun,LINE,Name,[Rep(Fc_1), ..., Rep(Fc_k)]}</c>. </item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[query [E_0 || W_1, ..., W_k] end]]></c>, - where each <c><![CDATA[W_i]]></c> is a generator or a filter, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{'query',LINE,{lc,LINE,Rep(E_0),[Rep(W_1), ..., Rep(W_k)]}}]]></c>. - For Rep(W), see below.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[E_0.Field]]></c>, a Mnesia record access - inside a query, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[{record_field,LINE,Rep(E_0),Rep(Field)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If E is <c><![CDATA[( E_0 )]]></c>, then - Rep(E) = <c><![CDATA[Rep(E_0)]]></c>, - i.e., parenthesized expressions cannot be distinguished from their bodies.</item> + <item>If E is <c>( E_0 )</c>, then + Rep(E) = <c>Rep(E_0)</c>, that is, parenthesized + expressions cannot be distinguished from their bodies.</item> </list> <section> - <title>Generators and filters</title> - <p>When W is a generator or a filter (in the body of a list or binary comprehension), then:</p> + <title>Generators and Filters</title> + <p>When W is a generator or a filter (in the body of a list or + binary comprehension), then:</p> <list type="bulleted"> - <item>If W is a generator <c><![CDATA[P <- E]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[P]]></c> is a pattern and <c><![CDATA[E]]></c> - is an expression, then - Rep(W) = <c><![CDATA[{generate,LINE,Rep(P),Rep(E)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If W is a generator <c><![CDATA[P <= E]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[P]]></c> is a pattern and <c><![CDATA[E]]></c> - is an expression, then - Rep(W) = <c><![CDATA[{b_generate,LINE,Rep(P),Rep(E)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If W is a filter <c><![CDATA[E]]></c>, which is an expression, then - Rep(W) = <c><![CDATA[Rep(E)]]></c>.</item> + <item>If W is a generator <c>P <- E</c>, where <c>P</c> is + a pattern and <c>E</c> is an expression, then + Rep(W) = <c>{generate,LINE,Rep(P),Rep(E)}</c>.</item> + <item>If W is a generator <c>P <= E</c>, where <c>P</c> is + a pattern and <c>E</c> is an expression, then + Rep(W) = <c>{b_generate,LINE,Rep(P),Rep(E)}</c>.</item> + <item>If W is a filter <c>E</c>, which is an expression, then + Rep(W) = <c>Rep(E)</c>.</item> </list> </section> <section> - <title>Binary element type specifiers</title> + <title>Binary Element Type Specifiers</title> <p>A type specifier list TSL for a binary element is a sequence of type - specifiers <c><![CDATA[TS_1 - ... - TS_k]]></c>. - Rep(TSL) = <c><![CDATA[[Rep(TS_1), ..., Rep(TS_k)]]]></c>.</p> + specifiers <c>TS_1 - ... - TS_k</c>. + Rep(TSL) = <c>[Rep(TS_1), ..., Rep(TS_k)]</c>.</p> <p>When TS is a type specifier for a binary element, then:</p> <list type="bulleted"> - <item>If TS is an atom <c><![CDATA[A]]></c>, Rep(TS) = <c><![CDATA[A]]></c>.</item> - <item>If TS is a couple <c><![CDATA[A:Value]]></c> where <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> is an atom and <c><![CDATA[Value]]></c> - is an integer, Rep(TS) = <c><![CDATA[{A, Value}]]></c>.</item> + <item>If TS is an atom <c>A</c>, then Rep(TS) = <c>A</c>.</item> + <item>If TS is a couple <c>A:Value</c> where <c>A</c> is an atom + and <c>Value</c> is an integer, then Rep(TS) = + <c>{A,Value}</c>.</item> </list> </section> <section> - <title>Map assoc and exact fields</title> + <title>Map Assoc and Exact Fields</title> <p>When W is an assoc or exact field (in the body of a map), then:</p> <list type="bulleted"> - <item>If W is an assoc field <c><![CDATA[K => V]]></c>, where - <c><![CDATA[K]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[V]]></c> are both expressions, - then Rep(W) = <c><![CDATA[{map_field_assoc,LINE,Rep(K),Rep(V)}]]></c>. + <item>If W is an assoc field <c>K => V</c>, where + <c>K</c> and <c>V</c> are both expressions, + then Rep(W) = <c>{map_field_assoc,LINE,Rep(K),Rep(V)}</c>. </item> - <item>If W is an exact field <c><![CDATA[K := V]]></c>, where - <c><![CDATA[K]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[V]]></c> are both expressions, - then Rep(W) = <c><![CDATA[{map_field_exact,LINE,Rep(K),Rep(V)}]]></c>. + <item>If W is an exact field <c>K := V</c>, where + <c>K</c> and <c>V</c> are both expressions, + then Rep(W) = <c>{map_field_exact,LINE,Rep(K),Rep(V)}</c>. </item> </list> </section> @@ -524,112 +394,220 @@ <section> <title>Clauses</title> - <p>There are function clauses, if clauses, case clauses + <p>There are function clauses, if clauses, case clauses and catch clauses.</p> - <p>A clause <c><![CDATA[C]]></c> is one of the following alternatives:</p> + <p>A clause <c>C</c> is one of the following alternatives:</p> <list type="bulleted"> - <item>If C is a function clause <c><![CDATA[( Ps ) -> B]]></c> - where <c><![CDATA[Ps]]></c> is a pattern sequence and <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a body, then - Rep(C) = <c><![CDATA[{clause,LINE,Rep(Ps),[],Rep(B)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If C is a function clause <c><![CDATA[( Ps ) when Gs -> B]]></c> - where <c><![CDATA[Ps]]></c> is a pattern sequence, - <c><![CDATA[Gs]]></c> is a guard sequence and <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a body, then - Rep(C) = <c><![CDATA[{clause,LINE,Rep(Ps),Rep(Gs),Rep(B)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If C is an if clause <c><![CDATA[Gs -> B]]></c> - where <c><![CDATA[Gs]]></c> is a guard sequence and <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a body, then - Rep(C) = <c><![CDATA[{clause,LINE,[],Rep(Gs),Rep(B)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If C is a case clause <c><![CDATA[P -> B]]></c> - where <c><![CDATA[P]]></c> is a pattern and <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a body, then - Rep(C) = <c><![CDATA[{clause,LINE,[Rep(P)],[],Rep(B)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If C is a case clause <c><![CDATA[P when Gs -> B]]></c> - where <c><![CDATA[P]]></c> is a pattern, - <c><![CDATA[Gs]]></c> is a guard sequence and <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a body, then - Rep(C) = <c><![CDATA[{clause,LINE,[Rep(P)],Rep(Gs),Rep(B)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If C is a catch clause <c><![CDATA[P -> B]]></c> - where <c><![CDATA[P]]></c> is a pattern and <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a body, then - Rep(C) = <c><![CDATA[{clause,LINE,[Rep({throw,P,_})],[],Rep(B)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If C is a catch clause <c><![CDATA[X : P -> B]]></c> - where <c><![CDATA[X]]></c> is an atomic literal or a variable pattern, - <c><![CDATA[P]]></c> is a pattern and <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a body, then - Rep(C) = <c><![CDATA[{clause,LINE,[Rep({X,P,_})],[],Rep(B)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If C is a catch clause <c><![CDATA[P when Gs -> B]]></c> - where <c><![CDATA[P]]></c> is a pattern, <c><![CDATA[Gs]]></c> is a guard sequence - and <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a body, then - Rep(C) = <c><![CDATA[{clause,LINE,[Rep({throw,P,_})],Rep(Gs),Rep(B)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If C is a catch clause <c><![CDATA[X : P when Gs -> B]]></c> - where <c><![CDATA[X]]></c> is an atomic literal or a variable pattern, - <c><![CDATA[P]]></c> is a pattern, <c><![CDATA[Gs]]></c> is a guard sequence - and <c><![CDATA[B]]></c> is a body, then - Rep(C) = <c><![CDATA[{clause,LINE,[Rep({X,P,_})],Rep(Gs),Rep(B)}]]></c>.</item> + <item>If C is a function clause <c>( Ps ) -> B</c> + where <c>Ps</c> is a pattern sequence and <c>B</c> is a body, then + Rep(C) = <c>{clause,LINE,Rep(Ps),[],Rep(B)}</c>.</item> + <item>If C is a function clause <c>( Ps ) when Gs -> B</c> + where <c>Ps</c> is a pattern sequence, + <c>Gs</c> is a guard sequence and <c>B</c> is a body, then + Rep(C) = <c>{clause,LINE,Rep(Ps),Rep(Gs),Rep(B)}</c>.</item> + <item>If C is an if clause <c>Gs -> B</c> + where <c>Gs</c> is a guard sequence and <c>B</c> is a body, then + Rep(C) = <c>{clause,LINE,[],Rep(Gs),Rep(B)}</c>.</item> + <item>If C is a case clause <c>P -> B</c> + where <c>P</c> is a pattern and <c>B</c> is a body, then + Rep(C) = <c>{clause,LINE,[Rep(P)],[],Rep(B)}</c>.</item> + <item>If C is a case clause <c>P when Gs -> B</c> + where <c>P</c> is a pattern, + <c>Gs</c> is a guard sequence and <c>B</c> is a body, then + Rep(C) = <c>{clause,LINE,[Rep(P)],Rep(Gs),Rep(B)}</c>.</item> + <item>If C is a catch clause <c>P -> B</c> + where <c>P</c> is a pattern and <c>B</c> is a body, then + Rep(C) = <c>{clause,LINE,[Rep({throw,P,_})],[],Rep(B)}</c>.</item> + <item>If C is a catch clause <c>X : P -> B</c> + where <c>X</c> is an atomic literal or a variable pattern, + <c>P</c> is a pattern and <c>B</c> is a body, then + Rep(C) = <c>{clause,LINE,[Rep({X,P,_})],[],Rep(B)}</c>.</item> + <item>If C is a catch clause <c>P when Gs -> B</c> + where <c>P</c> is a pattern, <c>Gs</c> is a guard sequence + and <c>B</c> is a body, then + Rep(C) = <c>{clause,LINE,[Rep({throw,P,_})],Rep(Gs),Rep(B)}</c>.</item> + <item>If C is a catch clause <c>X : P when Gs -> B</c> + where <c>X</c> is an atomic literal or a variable pattern, + <c>P</c> is a pattern, <c>Gs</c> is a guard sequence + and <c>B</c> is a body, then + Rep(C) = <c>{clause,LINE,[Rep({X,P,_})],Rep(Gs),Rep(B)}</c>.</item> </list> </section> <section> <title>Guards</title> - <p>A guard sequence Gs is a sequence of guards <c><![CDATA[G_1; ...; G_k]]></c>, and - Rep(Gs) = <c><![CDATA[[Rep(G_1), ..., Rep(G_k)]]]></c>. If the guard sequence is - empty, Rep(Gs) = <c><![CDATA[[]]]></c>.</p> - <p>A guard G is a nonempty sequence of guard tests <c><![CDATA[Gt_1, ..., Gt_k]]></c>, and - Rep(G) = <c><![CDATA[[Rep(Gt_1), ..., Rep(Gt_k)]]]></c>.</p> - <p>A guard test <c><![CDATA[Gt]]></c> is one of the following alternatives:</p> + <p>A guard sequence Gs is a sequence of guards <c>G_1; ...; G_k</c>, and + Rep(Gs) = <c>[Rep(G_1), ..., Rep(G_k)]</c>. If the guard sequence is + empty, Rep(Gs) = <c>[]</c>.</p> + <p>A guard G is a nonempty sequence of guard tests + <c>Gt_1, ..., Gt_k</c>, and Rep(G) = + <c>[Rep(Gt_1), ..., Rep(Gt_k)]</c>.</p> + <p>A guard test <c>Gt</c> is one of the following alternatives:</p> <list type="bulleted"> <item>If Gt is an atomic literal L, then Rep(Gt) = Rep(L).</item> - <item>If Gt is a variable pattern <c><![CDATA[V]]></c>, then - Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[{var,LINE,A}]]></c>, - where A is an atom with a printname consisting of the same characters as - <c><![CDATA[V]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is a tuple skeleton <c><![CDATA[{Gt_1, ..., Gt_k}]]></c>, then - Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[{tuple,LINE,[Rep(Gt_1), ..., Rep(Gt_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is <c><![CDATA[[]]]></c>, then - Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[{nil,LINE}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is a cons skeleton <c><![CDATA[[Gt_h | Gt_t]]]></c>, then - Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[{cons,LINE,Rep(Gt_h),Rep(Gt_t)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is a binary constructor <c><![CDATA[<<Gt_1:Size_1/TSL_1, ..., Gt_k:Size_k/TSL_k>>]]></c>, then - Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[{bin,LINE,[{bin_element,LINE,Rep(Gt_1),Rep(Size_1),Rep(TSL_1)}, ..., {bin_element,LINE,Rep(Gt_k),Rep(Size_k),Rep(TSL_k)}]}]]></c>. + <item>If Gt is a variable pattern <c>V</c>, then + Rep(Gt) = <c>{var,LINE,A}</c>, where A is an atom with + a printname consisting of the same characters as <c>V</c>.</item> + <item>If Gt is a tuple skeleton <c>{Gt_1, ..., Gt_k}</c>, then + Rep(Gt) = <c>{tuple,LINE,[Rep(Gt_1), ..., Rep(Gt_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If Gt is <c>[]</c>, then Rep(Gt) = <c>{nil,LINE}</c>.</item> + <item>If Gt is a cons skeleton <c>[Gt_h | Gt_t]</c>, then + Rep(Gt) = <c>{cons,LINE,Rep(Gt_h),Rep(Gt_t)}</c>.</item> + <item>If Gt is a binary constructor + <c><<Gt_1:Size_1/TSL_1, ..., Gt_k:Size_k/TSL_k>></c>, then + Rep(Gt) = <c>{bin,LINE,[{bin_element,LINE,Rep(Gt_1),Rep(Size_1),Rep(TSL_1)}, ..., {bin_element,LINE,Rep(Gt_k),Rep(Size_k),Rep(TSL_k)}]}</c>. For Rep(TSL), see above. - An omitted <c><![CDATA[Size]]></c> is represented by <c><![CDATA[default]]></c>. An omitted <c><![CDATA[TSL]]></c> - (type specifier list) is represented by <c><![CDATA[default]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is <c><![CDATA[Gt_1 Op Gt_2]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[Op]]></c> - is a binary operator, then Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[{op,LINE,Op,Rep(Gt_1),Rep(Gt_2)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is <c><![CDATA[Op Gt_0]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[Op]]></c> is a unary operator, then - Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[{op,LINE,Op,Rep(Gt_0)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is <c><![CDATA[#Name{Field_1=Gt_1, ..., Field_k=Gt_k}]]></c>, then + An omitted <c>Size</c> is represented by <c>default</c>. + An omitted <c>TSL</c> (type specifier list) is represented + by <c>default</c>.</item> + <item>If Gt is <c>Gt_1 Op Gt_2</c>, where <c>Op</c> + is a binary operator, then Rep(Gt) = + <c>{op,LINE,Op,Rep(Gt_1),Rep(Gt_2)}</c>.</item> + <item>If Gt is <c>Op Gt_0</c>, where <c>Op</c> is a unary operator, then + Rep(Gt) = <c>{op,LINE,Op,Rep(Gt_0)}</c>.</item> + <item>If Gt is <c>#Name{Field_1=Gt_1, ..., Field_k=Gt_k}</c>, then Rep(E) = - <c><![CDATA[{record,LINE,Name, [{record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_1),Rep(Gt_1)}, ..., {record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_k),Rep(Gt_k)}]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is <c><![CDATA[#Name.Field]]></c>, then - Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[{record_index,LINE,Name,Rep(Field)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is <c><![CDATA[Gt_0#Name.Field]]></c>, then - Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[{record_field,LINE,Rep(Gt_0),Name,Rep(Field)}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is <c><![CDATA[A(Gt_1, ..., Gt_k)]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> is an atom, then - Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[{call,LINE,Rep(A),[Rep(Gt_1), ..., Rep(Gt_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is <c><![CDATA[A_m:A(Gt_1, ..., Gt_k)]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[A_m]]></c> is - the atom <c><![CDATA[erlang]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> is an atom or an operator, then - Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[{call,LINE,{remote,LINE,Rep(A_m),Rep(A)},[Rep(Gt_1), ..., Rep(Gt_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is <c><![CDATA[{A_m,A}(Gt_1, ..., Gt_k)]]></c>, where <c><![CDATA[A_m]]></c> is - the atom <c><![CDATA[erlang]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[A]]></c> is an atom or an operator, then - Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[{call,LINE,Rep({A_m,A}),[Rep(Gt_1), ..., Rep(Gt_k)]}]]></c>.</item> - <item>If Gt is <c><![CDATA[( Gt_0 )]]></c>, then - Rep(Gt) = <c><![CDATA[Rep(Gt_0)]]></c>, - i.e., parenthesized guard tests cannot be distinguished from their bodies.</item> + <c>{record,LINE,Name,[{record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_1),Rep(Gt_1)}, ..., {record_field,LINE,Rep(Field_k),Rep(Gt_k)}]}</c>.</item> + <item>If Gt is <c>#Name.Field</c>, then + Rep(Gt) = <c>{record_index,LINE,Name,Rep(Field)}</c>.</item> + <item>If Gt is <c>Gt_0#Name.Field</c>, then + Rep(Gt) = <c>{record_field,LINE,Rep(Gt_0),Name,Rep(Field)}</c>.</item> + <item>If Gt is <c>A(Gt_1, ..., Gt_k)</c>, where <c>A</c> is an atom, then + Rep(Gt) = <c>{call,LINE,Rep(A),[Rep(Gt_1), ..., Rep(Gt_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If Gt is <c>A_m:A(Gt_1, ..., Gt_k)</c>, where <c>A_m</c> is + the atom <c>erlang</c> and <c>A</c> is an atom or an operator, then + Rep(Gt) = <c>{call,LINE,{remote,LINE,Rep(A_m),Rep(A)},[Rep(Gt_1), ..., Rep(Gt_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If Gt is <c>{A_m,A}(Gt_1, ..., Gt_k)</c>, where <c>A_m</c> is + the atom <c>erlang</c> and <c>A</c> is an atom or an operator, then + Rep(Gt) = <c>{call,LINE,Rep({A_m,A}),[Rep(Gt_1), ..., Rep(Gt_k)]}</c>. + </item> + <item>If Gt is <c>( Gt_0 )</c>, then + Rep(Gt) = <c>Rep(Gt_0)</c>, that is, parenthesized + guard tests cannot be distinguished from their bodies.</item> </list> <p>Note that every guard test has the same source form as some expression, and is represented the same way as the corresponding expression.</p> </section> <section> - <title>The abstract format after preprocessing</title> - <p>The compilation option <c><![CDATA[debug_info]]></c> can be given to the - compiler to have the abstract code stored in - the <c><![CDATA[abstract_code]]></c> chunk in the BEAM file + <title>Types</title> + <list type="bulleted"> + <item>If T is an annotated type <c>Anno :: Type</c>, + where <c>Anno</c> is a variable and + <c>Type</c> is a type, then Rep(T) = + <c>{ann_type,LINE,[Rep(Anno),Rep(Type)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is an atom or integer literal L, then Rep(T) = Rep(L). + </item> + <item>If T is <c>L Op R</c>, + where <c>Op</c> is a binary operator and <c>L</c> and <c>R</c> + are types (this is an occurrence of an expression that can be + evaluated to an integer at compile time), then + Rep(T) = <c>{op,LINE,Op,Rep(L),Rep(R)}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is <c>Op A</c>, where <c>Op</c> is a + unary operator and <c>A</c> is a type (this is an occurrence of + an expression that can be evaluated to an integer at compile time), + then Rep(T) = <c>{op,LINE,Op,Rep(A)}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is a bitstring type <c><<_:M,_:_*N>></c>, + where <c>M</c> and <c>N</c> are singleton integer types, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,LINE,binary,[Rep(M),Rep(N)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is the empty list type <c>[]</c>, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,Line,nil,[]}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is a fun type <c>fun()</c>, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,LINE,'fun',[]}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is a fun type <c>fun((...) -> B)</c>, + where <c>B</c> is a type, then + Rep(T) = <c>{type,LINE,'fun',[{type,LINE,any},Rep(B)]}</c>. + </item> + <item>If T is a fun type <c>fun(Ft)</c>, where + <c>Ft</c> is a function type, + then Rep(T) = <c>Rep(Ft)</c>.</item> + <item>If T is an integer range type <c>L .. H</c>, + where <c>L</c> and <c>H</c> are singleton integer types, then + Rep(T) = <c>{type,LINE,range,[Rep(L),Rep(H)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is a map type <c>map()</c>, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,LINE,map,any}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is a map type <c>#{P_1, ..., P_k}</c>, where each + <c>P_i</c> is a map pair type, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,LINE,map,[Rep(P_1), ..., Rep(P_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is a map pair type <c>K => V</c>, where + <c>K</c> and <c>V</c> are types, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,LINE,map_field_assoc,[Rep(K),Rep(V)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is a predefined (or built-in) type <c>N(A_1, ..., A_k)</c>, + where each <c>A_i</c> is a type, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,LINE,N,[Rep(A_1), ..., Rep(A_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is a record type <c>#Name{F_1, ..., F_k}</c>, + where each <c>F_i</c> is a record field type, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,LINE,record,[Rep(Name),Rep(F_1), ..., Rep(F_k)]}</c>. + </item> + <item>If T is a record field type <c>Name :: Type</c>, + where <c>Type</c> is a type, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,LINE,field_type,[Rep(Name),Rep(Type)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is a remote type <c>M:N(A_1, ..., A_k)</c>, where + each <c>A_i</c> is a type, then Rep(T) = + <c>{remote_type,LINE,[Rep(M),Rep(N),[Rep(A_1), ..., Rep(A_k)]]}</c>. + </item> + <item>If T is a tuple type <c>tuple()</c>, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,LINE,tuple,any}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is a tuple type <c>{A_1, ..., A_k}</c>, where + each <c>A_i</c> is a type, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,LINE,tuple,[Rep(A_1), ..., Rep(A_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is a type union <c>T_1 | ... | T_k</c>, + where each <c>T_i</c> is a type, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,LINE,union,[Rep(T_1), ..., Rep(T_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is a type variable <c>V</c>, then Rep(T) = + <c>{var,LINE,A}</c>, where <c>A</c> is an atom with a printname + consisting of the same characters as <c>V</c>. A type variable + is any variable except underscore (<c>_</c>).</item> + <item>If T is a user-defined type <c>N(A_1, ..., A_k)</c>, + where each <c>A_i</c> is a type, then Rep(T) = + <c>{user_type,LINE,N,[Rep(A_1), ..., Rep(A_k)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If T is <c>( T_0 )</c>, then Rep(T) = <c>Rep(T_0)</c>, + that is, parenthesized types cannot be distinguished from their + bodies.</item> + </list> + + <section> + <title>Function Types</title> + <list type="bulleted"> + <item>If Ft is a constrained function type <c>Ft_1 when Fc</c>, + where <c>Ft_1</c> is a function type and + <c>Fc</c> is a function constraint, then Rep(T) = + <c>{type,LINE,bounded_fun,[Rep(Ft_1),Rep(Fc)]}</c>.</item> + <item>If Ft is a function type <c>(A_1, ..., A_n) -> B</c>, + where each <c>A_i</c> and <c>B</c> are types, then + Rep(Ft) = <c>{type,LINE,'fun',[{type,LINE,product,[Rep(A_1), + ..., Rep(A_n)]},Rep(B)]}</c>.</item> + </list> + </section> + + <section> + <title>Function Constraints</title> + <p>A function constraint Fc is a nonempty sequence of constraints + <c>C_1, ..., C_k</c>, and + Rep(Fc) = <c>[Rep(C_1), ..., Rep(C_k)]</c>.</p> + <list type="bulleted"> + <item>If C is a constraint <c>is_subtype(V, T)</c> or <c>V :: T</c>, + where <c>V</c> is a type variable and <c>T</c> is a type, then + Rep(C) = <c>{type,LINE,constraint,[Rep(F),[Rep(V),Rep(T)]]}</c>. + </item> + </list> + </section> + </section> + + <section> + <title>The Abstract Format After Preprocessing</title> + <p>The compilation option <c>debug_info</c> can be given to the + compiler to have the abstract code stored in + the <c>abstract_code</c> chunk in the BEAM file (for debugging purposes).</p> - <p>In OTP R9C and later, the <c><![CDATA[abstract_code]]></c> chunk will + <p>In OTP R9C and later, the <c>abstract_code</c> chunk will contain</p> - <p><c><![CDATA[{raw_abstract_v1,AbstractCode}]]></c></p> - <p>where <c><![CDATA[AbstractCode]]></c> is the abstract code as described + <p><c>{raw_abstract_v1,AbstractCode}</c></p> + <p>where <c>AbstractCode</c> is the abstract code as described in this document.</p> <p>In releases of OTP prior to R9C, the abstract code after some more processing was stored in the BEAM file. The first element of the - tuple would be either <c><![CDATA[abstract_v1]]></c> (R7B) or <c><![CDATA[abstract_v2]]></c> + tuple would be either <c>abstract_v1</c> (R7B) or <c>abstract_v2</c> (R8B).</p> </section> </chapter> diff --git a/erts/doc/src/notes.xml b/erts/doc/src/notes.xml index f27e73b9d3..b4bdc5735c 100644 --- a/erts/doc/src/notes.xml +++ b/erts/doc/src/notes.xml @@ -31,8 +31,9 @@ </header> <p>This document describes the changes made to the ERTS application.</p> -<section><title>Erts 7.1</title> + +<section><title>Erts 7.1</title> <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title> <list> <item> @@ -981,6 +982,26 @@ </section> +<section><title>Erts 6.4.1.4</title> + + <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title> + <list> + <item> + <p> + The 'raw' socket option could not be used multiple times + in one call to any e.g gen_tcp function because only one + of the occurrences were used. This bug has been fixed, + and also a small bug concerning propagating error codes + from within inet:setopts/2.</p> + <p> + Own Id: OTP-11482 Aux Id: seq12872 </p> + </item> + </list> + </section> + +</section> + + <section><title>Erts 6.4.1</title> <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title> diff --git a/erts/emulator/drivers/common/inet_drv.c b/erts/emulator/drivers/common/inet_drv.c index a829599fe5..89011d89ad 100644 --- a/erts/emulator/drivers/common/inet_drv.c +++ b/erts/emulator/drivers/common/inet_drv.c @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ /* * %CopyrightBegin% * - * Copyright Ericsson AB 1997-2013. All Rights Reserved. + * Copyright Ericsson AB 1997-2015. All Rights Reserved. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. @@ -6076,9 +6076,9 @@ static int inet_set_opts(inet_descriptor* desc, char* ptr, int len) int arg_sz; enum PacketParseType old_htype = desc->htype; int old_active = desc->active; - int propagate = 0; /* Set to 1 if failure to set this option - should be propagated to erlang (not all - errors can be propagated for BC reasons) */ + int propagate; /* Set to 1 if failure to set this option + should be propagated to erlang (not all + errors can be propagated for BC reasons) */ int res; #ifdef HAVE_SCTP /* SCTP sockets are treated completely separately: */ @@ -6095,6 +6095,7 @@ static int inet_set_opts(inet_descriptor* desc, char* ptr, int len) arg_ptr = (char*) &ival; arg_sz = sizeof(ival); proto = SOL_SOCKET; + propagate = 0; switch(opt) { case INET_LOPT_HEADER: diff --git a/lib/kernel/doc/src/notes.xml b/lib/kernel/doc/src/notes.xml index 268a8404f1..d02c3e8ad2 100644 --- a/lib/kernel/doc/src/notes.xml +++ b/lib/kernel/doc/src/notes.xml @@ -185,6 +185,22 @@ </section> +<section><title>Kernel 3.2.0.1</title> + <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title> + <list> + <item> + <p>The 'raw' socket option could not be used multiple times + in one call to any e.g gen_tcp function because only one + of the occurrences were used. This bug has been fixed, + and also a small bug concerning propagating error codes + from within inet:setopts/2.</p> + <p>Own Id: OTP-11482 Aux Id: seq12872 </p> + </item> + </list> + </section> + </section> + + <section><title>Kernel 3.2</title> <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title> diff --git a/lib/kernel/src/inet.erl b/lib/kernel/src/inet.erl index 855c6377a3..b573112445 100644 --- a/lib/kernel/src/inet.erl +++ b/lib/kernel/src/inet.erl @@ -692,6 +692,7 @@ connect_options(Opts, Family) -> case con_opt(Opts, BaseOpts, connect_options()) of {ok, R} -> {ok, R#connect_opts { + opts = lists:reverse(R#connect_opts.opts), ifaddr = translate_ip(R#connect_opts.ifaddr, Family) }}; Error -> Error @@ -762,6 +763,7 @@ listen_options(Opts, Family) -> case list_opt(Opts, BaseOpts, listen_options()) of {ok, R} -> {ok, R#listen_opts { + opts = lists:reverse(R#listen_opts.opts), ifaddr = translate_ip(R#listen_opts.ifaddr, Family) }}; Error -> Error @@ -820,6 +822,7 @@ udp_options(Opts, Family) -> case udp_opt(Opts, #udp_opts { }, udp_options()) of {ok, R} -> {ok, R#udp_opts { + opts = lists:reverse(R#udp_opts.opts), ifaddr = translate_ip(R#udp_opts.ifaddr, Family) }}; Error -> Error @@ -893,9 +896,12 @@ sctp_options() -> sctp_options(Opts, Mod) -> case sctp_opt(Opts, Mod, #sctp_opts{}, sctp_options()) of {ok,#sctp_opts{ifaddr=undefined}=SO} -> - {ok,SO#sctp_opts{ifaddr=Mod:translate_ip(?SCTP_DEF_IFADDR)}}; - {ok,_}=OK -> - OK; + {ok, + SO#sctp_opts{ + opts=lists:reverse(SO#sctp_opts.opts), + ifaddr=Mod:translate_ip(?SCTP_DEF_IFADDR)}}; + {ok,SO} -> + {ok,SO#sctp_opts{opts=lists:reverse(SO#sctp_opts.opts)}}; Error -> Error end. @@ -967,6 +973,8 @@ add_opt(Name, Val, Opts, As) -> case lists:member(Name, As) of true -> case prim_inet:is_sockopt_val(Name, Val) of + true when Name =:= raw -> + {ok, [{Name,Val} | Opts]}; true -> Opts1 = lists:keydelete(Name, 1, Opts), {ok, [{Name,Val} | Opts1]}; diff --git a/lib/kernel/test/inet_sockopt_SUITE.erl b/lib/kernel/test/inet_sockopt_SUITE.erl index 1262f36fae..cb522c8abe 100644 --- a/lib/kernel/test/inet_sockopt_SUITE.erl +++ b/lib/kernel/test/inet_sockopt_SUITE.erl @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ %% %% %CopyrightBegin% %% -%% Copyright Ericsson AB 2007-2013. All Rights Reserved. +%% Copyright Ericsson AB 2007-2015. All Rights Reserved. %% %% Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); %% you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. @@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ -export([all/0, suite/0,groups/0,init_per_suite/1, end_per_suite/1, init_per_group/2,end_per_group/2, simple/1, loop_all/1, simple_raw/1, simple_raw_getbin/1, + multiple_raw/1, multiple_raw_getbin/1, doc_examples_raw/1,doc_examples_raw_getbin/1, large_raw/1,large_raw_getbin/1,combined/1,combined_getbin/1, ipv6_v6only_udp/1, ipv6_v6only_tcp/1, ipv6_v6only_sctp/1, @@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ suite() -> [{ct_hooks,[ts_install_cth]}]. all() -> [simple, loop_all, simple_raw, simple_raw_getbin, + multiple_raw, multiple_raw_getbin, doc_examples_raw, doc_examples_raw_getbin, large_raw, large_raw_getbin, combined, combined_getbin, ipv6_v6only_udp, ipv6_v6only_tcp, ipv6_v6only_sctp, @@ -185,6 +187,84 @@ nintbin2int(<<Int:16/native>>) -> Int; nintbin2int(<<Int:8/native>>) -> Int; nintbin2int(<<>>) -> 0. + + +multiple_raw(suite) -> []; +multiple_raw(doc) -> "Test setopt/getopt of multiple raw options."; +multiple_raw(Config) when is_list(Config) -> + do_multiple_raw(Config,false). +multiple_raw_getbin(suite) -> []; +multiple_raw_getbin(doc) -> "Test setopt/getopt of multiple raw options, " + "with binaries in getopt."; +multiple_raw_getbin(Config) when is_list(Config) -> + do_multiple_raw(Config,true). + +do_multiple_raw(Config, Binary) -> + Port = start_helper(Config), + SolSocket = ask_helper(Port, ?C_GET_SOL_SOCKET), + SoKeepalive = ask_helper(Port, ?C_GET_SO_KEEPALIVE), + SoKeepaliveTrue = {raw,SolSocket,SoKeepalive,<<1:32/native>>}, + SoKeepaliveFalse = {raw,SolSocket,SoKeepalive,<<0:32/native>>}, + SoReuseaddr = ask_helper(Port, ?C_GET_SO_REUSEADDR), + SoReuseaddrTrue = {raw,SolSocket,SoReuseaddr,<<1:32/native>>}, + SoReuseaddrFalse = {raw,SolSocket,SoReuseaddr,<<0:32/native>>}, + {S1,S2} = + create_socketpair( + [SoReuseaddrFalse,SoKeepaliveTrue], + [SoKeepaliveFalse,SoReuseaddrTrue]), + {ok,[{reuseaddr,false},{keepalive,true}]} = + inet:getopts(S1, [reuseaddr,keepalive]), + {ok, + [{raw,SolSocket,SoReuseaddr,S1R1}, + {raw,SolSocket,SoKeepalive,S1K1}]} = + inet:getopts( + S1, + [{raw,SolSocket,SoReuseaddr,binarify(4, Binary)}, + {raw,SolSocket,SoKeepalive,binarify(4, Binary)}]), + true = nintbin2int(S1R1) =:= 0, + true = nintbin2int(S1K1) =/= 0, + {ok,[{keepalive,false},{reuseaddr,true}]} = + inet:getopts(S2, [keepalive,reuseaddr]), + {ok, + [{raw,SolSocket,SoKeepalive,S2K1}, + {raw,SolSocket,SoReuseaddr,S2R1}]} = + inet:getopts( + S2, + [{raw,SolSocket,SoKeepalive,binarify(4, Binary)}, + {raw,SolSocket,SoReuseaddr,binarify(4, Binary)}]), + true = nintbin2int(S2K1) =:= 0, + true = nintbin2int(S2R1) =/= 0, + %% + ok = inet:setopts( + S1, [SoReuseaddrTrue,SoKeepaliveFalse]), + ok = inet:setopts( + S2, [SoKeepaliveTrue,SoReuseaddrFalse]), + {ok, + [{raw,SolSocket,SoReuseaddr,S1R2}, + {raw,SolSocket,SoKeepalive,S1K2}]} = + inet:getopts( + S1, + [{raw,SolSocket,SoReuseaddr,binarify(4, Binary)}, + {raw,SolSocket,SoKeepalive,binarify(4, Binary)}]), + true = nintbin2int(S1R2) =/= 0, + true = nintbin2int(S1K2) =:= 0, + {ok, + [{raw,SolSocket,SoKeepalive,S2K2}, + {raw,SolSocket,SoReuseaddr,S2R2}]} = + inet:getopts( + S2, + [{raw,SolSocket,SoKeepalive,binarify(4, Binary)}, + {raw,SolSocket,SoReuseaddr,binarify(4, Binary)}]), + true = nintbin2int(S2K2) =/= 0, + true = nintbin2int(S2R2) =:= 0, + %% + gen_tcp:close(S1), + gen_tcp:close(S2), + stop_helper(Port), + ok. + + + doc_examples_raw(suite) -> []; doc_examples_raw(doc) -> "Test that the example code from the documentation " "works"; diff --git a/lib/ssh/doc/src/ssh.xml b/lib/ssh/doc/src/ssh.xml index 18bced2d1d..b3f850fc38 100644 --- a/lib/ssh/doc/src/ssh.xml +++ b/lib/ssh/doc/src/ssh.xml @@ -206,26 +206,25 @@ <tag><c><![CDATA[{public_key_alg, 'ssh-rsa' | 'ssh-dss'}]]></c></tag> <item> <note> - <p>This option is kept for compatibility. It is ignored if the <c>preferred_algorithms</c> - option is used. The equivalence of <c>{public_key_alg,'ssh-dss'}</c> is - <c>{preferred_algorithms, [{public_key,['ssh-dss','ssh-rsa']}]}</c>.</p> + <p>This option will be removed in OTP 20, but is kept for compatibility. It is ignored if + the preferred <c>pref_public_key_algs</c> option is used.</p> </note> <p>Sets the preferred public key algorithm to use for user authentication. If the preferred algorithm fails, - the other algorithm is tried. The default is - to try <c><![CDATA['ssh-rsa']]></c> first.</p> + the other algorithm is tried. If <c>{public_key_alg, 'ssh-rsa'}</c> is set, it is translated + to <c>{pref_public_key_algs, ['ssh-rsa','ssh-dss']}</c>. If it is + <c>{public_key_alg, 'ssh-dss'}</c>, it is translated + to <c>{pref_public_key_algs, ['ssh-dss','ssh-rsa']}</c>. + </p> </item> <tag><c><![CDATA[{pref_public_key_algs, list()}]]></c></tag> <item> - <note> - <p>This option is kept for compatibility. It is ignored if the <c>preferred_algorithms</c> - option is used. The equivalence of <c>{pref_public_key_algs,['ssh-dss']}</c> is - <c>{preferred_algorithms, [{public_key,['ssh-dss']}]}</c>.</p> - </note> - <p>List of public key algorithms to try to use. - <c>'ssh-rsa'</c> and <c>'ssh-dss'</c> are available. - Overrides <c><![CDATA[{public_key_alg, 'ssh-rsa' | 'ssh-dss'}]]></c></p> + <p>List of user (client) public key algorithms to try to use.</p> + <p>The default value is + <c><![CDATA[['ssh-rsa','ssh-dss','ecdsa-sha2-nistp256','ecdsa-sha2-nistp384','ecdsa-sha2-nistp521'] ]]></c> + </p> + <p>If there is no public key of a specified type available, the corresponding entry is ignored.</p> </item> <tag><c><![CDATA[{preferred_algorithms, algs_list()}]]></c></tag> @@ -233,6 +232,7 @@ <p>List of algorithms to use in the algorithm negotiation. The default <c>algs_list()</c> can be obtained from <seealso marker="#default_algorithms/0">default_algorithms/0</seealso>. </p> + <p>If an alg_entry() is missing in the algs_list(), the default value is used for that entry.</p> <p>Here is an example of this option:</p> <code> {preferred_algorithms, @@ -243,9 +243,9 @@ {compression,[none,zlib]} } </code> - <p>The example specifies different algorithms in the two directions (client2server and server2client), for cipher but specifies the same -algorithms for mac and compression in both directions. The kex (key exchange) and public key algorithms are set to their default values, -kex is implicit but public_key is set explicitly.</p> + <p>The example specifies different algorithms in the two directions (client2server and server2client), + for cipher but specifies the same algorithms for mac and compression in both directions. + The kex (key exchange) is implicit but public_key is set explicitly.</p> <warning> <p>Changing the values can make a connection less secure. Do not change unless you @@ -451,6 +451,7 @@ kex is implicit but public_key is set explicitly.</p> <p>List of algorithms to use in the algorithm negotiation. The default <c>algs_list()</c> can be obtained from <seealso marker="#default_algorithms/0">default_algorithms/0</seealso>. </p> + <p>If an alg_entry() is missing in the algs_list(), the default value is used for that entry.</p> <p>Here is an example of this option:</p> <code> {preferred_algorithms, @@ -461,9 +462,9 @@ kex is implicit but public_key is set explicitly.</p> {compression,[none,zlib]} } </code> - <p>The example specifies different algorithms in the two directions (client2server and server2client), for cipher but specifies the same -algorithms for mac and compression in both directions. The kex (key exchange) and public key algorithms are set to their default values, -kex is implicit but public_key is set explicitly.</p> + <p>The example specifies different algorithms in the two directions (client2server and server2client), + for cipher but specifies the same algorithms for mac and compression in both directions. + The kex (key exchange) is implicit but public_key is set explicitly.</p> <warning> <p>Changing the values can make a connection less secure. Do not change unless you diff --git a/lib/ssh/src/ssh.erl b/lib/ssh/src/ssh.erl index 1d29c95229..54f94acbdc 100644 --- a/lib/ssh/src/ssh.erl +++ b/lib/ssh/src/ssh.erl @@ -297,13 +297,6 @@ find_hostport(Fd) -> ok = inet:close(S), HostPort. -%% find_port(Fd) -> -%% %% Hack.... -%% {ok,TmpSock} = gen_tcp:listen(0,[{fd,Fd}]), -%% {ok, {_,ThePort}} = inet:sockname(TmpSock), -%% gen_tcp:close(TmpSock), -%% ThePort. - handle_options(Opts) -> try handle_option(algs_compatibility(proplists:unfold(Opts)), [], []) of @@ -315,32 +308,27 @@ handle_options(Opts) -> end. -algs_compatibility(Os) -> +algs_compatibility(Os0) -> %% Take care of old options 'public_key_alg' and 'pref_public_key_algs' - comp_pk(proplists:get_value(preferred_algorithms,Os), - proplists:get_value(pref_public_key_algs,Os), - proplists:get_value(public_key_alg, Os), - [{K,V} || {K,V} <- Os, - K =/= public_key_alg, - K =/= pref_public_key_algs] - ). - -comp_pk(undefined, undefined, undefined, Os) -> Os; -comp_pk( PrefAlgs, _, _, Os) when PrefAlgs =/= undefined -> Os; - -comp_pk(undefined, undefined, ssh_dsa, Os) -> comp_pk(undefined, undefined, 'ssh-dss', Os); -comp_pk(undefined, undefined, ssh_rsa, Os) -> comp_pk(undefined, undefined, 'ssh-rsa', Os); -comp_pk(undefined, undefined, PK, Os) -> - PKs = [PK | ssh_transport:supported_algorithms(public_key)--[PK]], - [{preferred_algorithms, [{public_key,PKs}] } | Os]; - -comp_pk(undefined, PrefPKs, _, Os) when PrefPKs =/= undefined -> - PKs = [case PK of - ssh_dsa -> 'ssh-dss'; - ssh_rsa -> 'ssh-rsa'; - _ -> PK - end || PK <- PrefPKs], - [{preferred_algorithms, [{public_key,PKs}]} | Os]. + case proplists:get_value(public_key_alg, Os0) of + undefined -> + Os0; + A when is_atom(A) -> + %% Skip public_key_alg if pref_public_key_algs is defined: + Os = lists:keydelete(public_key_alg, 1, Os0), + case proplists:get_value(pref_public_key_algs,Os) of + undefined when A == 'ssh-rsa' ; A==ssh_rsa -> + [{pref_public_key_algs,['ssh-rsa','ssh-dss']} | Os]; + undefined when A == 'ssh-dss' ; A==ssh_dsa -> + [{pref_public_key_algs,['ssh-dss','ssh-rsa']} | Os]; + undefined -> + throw({error, {eoptions, {public_key_alg,A} }}); + _ -> + Os + end; + V -> + throw({error, {eoptions, {public_key_alg,V} }}) + end. handle_option([], SocketOptions, SshOptions) -> @@ -411,6 +399,8 @@ handle_option([{auth_methods, _} = Opt | Rest], SocketOptions, SshOptions) -> handle_option(Rest, SocketOptions, [handle_ssh_option(Opt) | SshOptions]); handle_option([{auth_method_kb_interactive_data, _} = Opt | Rest], SocketOptions, SshOptions) -> handle_option(Rest, SocketOptions, [handle_ssh_option(Opt) | SshOptions]); +handle_option([{pref_public_key_algs, _} = Opt | Rest], SocketOptions, SshOptions) -> + handle_option(Rest, SocketOptions, [handle_ssh_option(Opt) | SshOptions]); handle_option([{preferred_algorithms,_} = Opt | Rest], SocketOptions, SshOptions) -> handle_option(Rest, SocketOptions, [handle_ssh_option(Opt) | SshOptions]); handle_option([{dh_gex_groups,_} = Opt | Rest], SocketOptions, SshOptions) -> @@ -522,6 +512,13 @@ handle_ssh_option({dh_gex_limits,{Min,I,Max}} = Opt) when is_integer(Min), Min>0 is_integer(Max), Max>=I -> %% Client Opt; +handle_ssh_option({pref_public_key_algs, Value} = Opt) when is_list(Value), length(Value) >= 1 -> + case handle_user_pref_pubkey_algs(Value, []) of + {true, NewOpts} -> + {pref_public_key_algs, NewOpts}; + _ -> + throw({error, {eoptions, Opt}}) + end; handle_ssh_option({connect_timeout, Value} = Opt) when is_integer(Value); Value == infinity -> Opt; handle_ssh_option({max_sessions, Value} = Opt) when is_integer(Value), Value>0 -> @@ -780,3 +777,16 @@ read_moduli_file(D, I, Acc) -> end end. +handle_user_pref_pubkey_algs([], Acc) -> + {true, lists:reverse(Acc)}; +handle_user_pref_pubkey_algs([H|T], Acc) -> + case lists:member(H, ?SUPPORTED_USER_KEYS) of + true -> + handle_user_pref_pubkey_algs(T, [H| Acc]); + + false when H==ssh_dsa -> handle_user_pref_pubkey_algs(T, ['ssh-dss'| Acc]); + false when H==ssh_rsa -> handle_user_pref_pubkey_algs(T, ['ssh-rsa'| Acc]); + + false -> + false + end. diff --git a/lib/ssh/src/ssh.hrl b/lib/ssh/src/ssh.hrl index 8efc743b67..f88098819d 100644 --- a/lib/ssh/src/ssh.hrl +++ b/lib/ssh/src/ssh.hrl @@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ -define(REKEY_DATA_TIMOUT, 60000). -define(DEFAULT_PROFILE, default). +-define(SUPPORTED_AUTH_METHODS, "publickey,keyboard-interactive,password"). +-define(SUPPORTED_USER_KEYS, ['ssh-rsa','ssh-dss','ecdsa-sha2-nistp256','ecdsa-sha2-nistp384','ecdsa-sha2-nistp521']). + -define(FALSE, 0). -define(TRUE, 1). %% basic binary constructors diff --git a/lib/ssh/src/ssh_auth.erl b/lib/ssh/src/ssh_auth.erl index 4967a2e4cd..fdbb5c152a 100644 --- a/lib/ssh/src/ssh_auth.erl +++ b/lib/ssh/src/ssh_auth.erl @@ -118,11 +118,16 @@ init_userauth_request_msg(#ssh{opts = Opts} = Ssh) -> service = "ssh-connection", method = "none", data = <<>>}, + Algs0 = proplists:get_value(pref_public_key_algs, Opts, ?SUPPORTED_USER_KEYS), + %% The following line is not strictly correct. The call returns the + %% supported HOST key types while we are interested in USER keys. However, + %% they "happens" to be the same (for now). This could change.... + %% There is no danger as long as the set of user keys is a subset of the set + %% of host keys. + CryptoSupported = ssh_transport:supported_algorithms(public_key), + Algs = [A || A <- Algs0, + lists:member(A, CryptoSupported)], - - Algs = proplists:get_value(public_key, - proplists:get_value(preferred_algorithms, Opts, []), - ssh_transport:default_algorithms(public_key)), Prefs = method_preference(Algs), ssh_transport:ssh_packet(Msg, Ssh#ssh{user = User, userauth_preference = Prefs, diff --git a/lib/ssh/src/ssh_auth.hrl b/lib/ssh/src/ssh_auth.hrl index 5197a42fa4..449bc4fa45 100644 --- a/lib/ssh/src/ssh_auth.hrl +++ b/lib/ssh/src/ssh_auth.hrl @@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ %%% Description: Ssh User Authentication Protocol --define(SUPPORTED_AUTH_METHODS, "publickey,keyboard-interactive,password"). -define(SSH_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST, 50). -define(SSH_MSG_USERAUTH_FAILURE, 51). diff --git a/lib/ssh/test/ssh_basic_SUITE.erl b/lib/ssh/test/ssh_basic_SUITE.erl index d4cb03f2f2..85a6bac972 100644 --- a/lib/ssh/test/ssh_basic_SUITE.erl +++ b/lib/ssh/test/ssh_basic_SUITE.erl @@ -41,6 +41,10 @@ double_close/1, exec/1, exec_compressed/1, + exec_key_differs1/1, + exec_key_differs2/1, + exec_key_differs3/1, + exec_key_differs_fail/1, idle_time/1, inet6_option/1, inet_option/1, @@ -86,6 +90,7 @@ all() -> {group, ecdsa_sha2_nistp521_key}, {group, dsa_pass_key}, {group, rsa_pass_key}, + {group, host_user_key_differs}, {group, key_cb}, {group, internal_error}, daemon_already_started, @@ -102,6 +107,10 @@ groups() -> {ecdsa_sha2_nistp256_key, [], basic_tests()}, {ecdsa_sha2_nistp384_key, [], basic_tests()}, {ecdsa_sha2_nistp521_key, [], basic_tests()}, + {host_user_key_differs, [], [exec_key_differs1, + exec_key_differs2, + exec_key_differs3, + exec_key_differs_fail]}, {dsa_pass_key, [], [pass_phrase]}, {rsa_pass_key, [], [pass_phrase]}, {key_cb, [], [key_callback, key_callback_options]}, @@ -184,6 +193,21 @@ init_per_group(dsa_pass_key, Config) -> PrivDir = ?config(priv_dir, Config), ssh_test_lib:setup_dsa_pass_pharse(DataDir, PrivDir, "Password"), [{pass_phrase, {dsa_pass_phrase, "Password"}}| Config]; +init_per_group(host_user_key_differs, Config) -> + Data = ?config(data_dir, Config), + Sys = filename:join(?config(priv_dir, Config), system_rsa), + SysUsr = filename:join(Sys, user), + Usr = filename:join(?config(priv_dir, Config), user_ecdsa_256), + file:make_dir(Sys), + file:make_dir(SysUsr), + file:make_dir(Usr), + file:copy(filename:join(Data, "ssh_host_rsa_key"), filename:join(Sys, "ssh_host_rsa_key")), + file:copy(filename:join(Data, "ssh_host_rsa_key.pub"), filename:join(Sys, "ssh_host_rsa_key.pub")), + file:copy(filename:join(Data, "id_ecdsa256"), filename:join(Usr, "id_ecdsa")), + file:copy(filename:join(Data, "id_ecdsa256.pub"), filename:join(Usr, "id_ecdsa.pub")), + ssh_test_lib:setup_ecdsa_auth_keys("256", Usr, SysUsr), + ssh_test_lib:setup_rsa_known_host(Sys, Usr), + Config; init_per_group(key_cb, Config) -> DataDir = ?config(data_dir, Config), PrivDir = ?config(priv_dir, Config), @@ -491,6 +515,80 @@ shell(Config) when is_list(Config) -> end. %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- +%%% Test that we could user different types of host pubkey and user pubkey +exec_key_differs1(Config) -> exec_key_differs(Config, ['ecdsa-sha2-nistp256']). + +exec_key_differs2(Config) -> exec_key_differs(Config, ['ssh-dss','ecdsa-sha2-nistp256']). + +exec_key_differs3(Config) -> exec_key_differs(Config, ['ecdsa-sha2-nistp384','ecdsa-sha2-nistp256']). + + + +exec_key_differs(Config, UserPKAlgs) -> + case lists:usort(['ssh-rsa'|UserPKAlgs]) + -- ssh_transport:supported_algorithms(public_key) + of + [] -> + process_flag(trap_exit, true), + SystemDir = filename:join(?config(priv_dir, Config), system_rsa), + SystemUserDir = filename:join(SystemDir, user), + UserDir = filename:join(?config(priv_dir, Config), user_ecdsa_256), + + {_Pid, _Host, Port} = ssh_test_lib:daemon([{system_dir, SystemDir}, + {user_dir, SystemUserDir}, + {preferred_algorithms, + [{public_key,['ssh-rsa']}]}]), + ct:sleep(500), + + IO = ssh_test_lib:start_io_server(), + Shell = ssh_test_lib:start_shell(Port, IO, UserDir, + [{preferred_algorithms,[{public_key,['ssh-rsa']}]}, + {pref_public_key_algs,UserPKAlgs} + ]), + + + receive + {'EXIT', _, _} -> + ct:fail(no_ssh_connection); + ErlShellStart -> + ct:log("Erlang shell start: ~p~n", [ErlShellStart]), + do_shell(IO, Shell) + after + 30000 -> ct:fail("timeout ~p:~p",[?MODULE,?LINE]) + end; + + UnsupportedPubKeys -> + {skip, io_lib:format("~p unsupported",[UnsupportedPubKeys])} + end. + +%%-------------------------------------------------------------------- +exec_key_differs_fail(Config) when is_list(Config) -> + process_flag(trap_exit, true), + SystemDir = filename:join(?config(priv_dir, Config), system_rsa), + SystemUserDir = filename:join(SystemDir, user), + UserDir = filename:join(?config(priv_dir, Config), user_ecdsa_256), + + {_Pid, _Host, Port} = ssh_test_lib:daemon([{system_dir, SystemDir}, + {user_dir, SystemUserDir}, + {preferred_algorithms, + [{public_key,['ssh-rsa']}]}]), + ct:sleep(500), + + IO = ssh_test_lib:start_io_server(), + ssh_test_lib:start_shell(Port, IO, UserDir, + [{preferred_algorithms,[{public_key,['ssh-rsa']}]}, + {pref_public_key_algs,['ssh-dss']}]), + receive + {'EXIT', _, _} -> + ok; + ErlShellStart -> + ct:log("Erlang shell start: ~p~n", [ErlShellStart]), + ct:fail(connection_not_rejected) + after + 30000 -> ct:fail("timeout ~p:~p",[?MODULE,?LINE]) + end. + +%%-------------------------------------------------------------------- cli(Config) when is_list(Config) -> process_flag(trap_exit, true), SystemDir = filename:join(?config(priv_dir, Config), system), diff --git a/lib/ssh/test/ssh_renegotiate_SUITE.erl b/lib/ssh/test/ssh_renegotiate_SUITE.erl index 227dfcddcd..e5cfa58bad 100644 --- a/lib/ssh/test/ssh_renegotiate_SUITE.erl +++ b/lib/ssh/test/ssh_renegotiate_SUITE.erl @@ -57,9 +57,15 @@ end_per_suite(_Config) -> %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- init_per_group(aes_gcm, Config) -> - [{preferred_algorithms, [{cipher,[{client2server,['[email protected]']}, - {server2client,['[email protected]']}]}]} - | Config]; + case lists:member({client2server,['[email protected]']}, + ssh_transport:supported_algorithms(cipher)) of + true -> + [{preferred_algorithms, [{cipher,[{client2server,['[email protected]']}, + {server2client,['[email protected]']}]}]} + | Config]; + false -> + {skip, "aes_gcm not supported"} + end; init_per_group(_, Config) -> [{preferred_algorithms, ssh:default_algorithms()} | Config]. @@ -107,7 +113,9 @@ rekey_limit(Config) -> UserDir = ?config(priv_dir, Config), DataFile = filename:join(UserDir, "rekey.data"), - {Pid, Host, Port} = ssh_test_lib:std_daemon(Config,[{max_random_length_padding,0}]), + Algs = ?config(preferred_algorithms, Config), + {Pid, Host, Port} = ssh_test_lib:std_daemon(Config,[{max_random_length_padding,0}, + {preferred_algorithms,Algs}]), ConnectionRef = ssh_test_lib:std_connect(Config, Host, Port, [{rekey_limit, 6000}, {max_random_length_padding,0}]), @@ -151,7 +159,9 @@ renegotiate1(Config) -> UserDir = ?config(priv_dir, Config), DataFile = filename:join(UserDir, "renegotiate1.data"), - {Pid, Host, DPort} = ssh_test_lib:std_daemon(Config,[{max_random_length_padding,0}]), + Algs = ?config(preferred_algorithms, Config), + {Pid, Host, DPort} = ssh_test_lib:std_daemon(Config,[{max_random_length_padding,0}, + {preferred_algorithms,Algs}]), RPort = ssh_test_lib:inet_port(), {ok,RelayPid} = ssh_relay:start_link({0,0,0,0}, RPort, Host, DPort), @@ -189,7 +199,9 @@ renegotiate2(Config) -> UserDir = ?config(priv_dir, Config), DataFile = filename:join(UserDir, "renegotiate2.data"), - {Pid, Host, DPort} = ssh_test_lib:std_daemon(Config,[{max_random_length_padding,0}]), + Algs = ?config(preferred_algorithms, Config), + {Pid, Host, DPort} = ssh_test_lib:std_daemon(Config,[{max_random_length_padding,0}, + {preferred_algorithms,Algs}]), RPort = ssh_test_lib:inet_port(), {ok,RelayPid} = ssh_relay:start_link({0,0,0,0}, RPort, Host, DPort), diff --git a/lib/ssl/doc/src/notes.xml b/lib/ssl/doc/src/notes.xml index 6faa3d5f9a..4d4a219b4f 100644 --- a/lib/ssl/doc/src/notes.xml +++ b/lib/ssl/doc/src/notes.xml @@ -26,8 +26,9 @@ <file>notes.xml</file> </header> <p>This document describes the changes made to the SSL application.</p> - <section><title>SSL 7.1</title> + +<section><title>SSL 7.1</title> <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title> <list> <item> @@ -107,12 +108,6 @@ <p> Own Id: OTP-12815</p> </item> - <item> - <p> - Gracefully ignore proprietary hash_sign algorithms</p> - <p> - Own Id: OTP-12829</p> - </item> </list> </section> @@ -163,6 +158,20 @@ </section> +<section><title>SSL 6.0.1.1</title> + <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title> + <list> + <item> + <p> + Gracefully ignore proprietary hash_sign algorithms</p> + <p> + Own Id: OTP-12829</p> + </item> + </list> + </section> +</section> + + <section><title>SSL 6.0.1</title> <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title> diff --git a/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl.xml b/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl.xml index 22ac98c24e..3a541ed162 100644 --- a/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl.xml +++ b/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl.xml @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ <seealso marker="kernel:gen_tcp">gen_tcp(3)</seealso> manual pages in Kernel.</p></item> - <tag><marker id="type-ssloption"></marker><c>ssloption() =</c></tag> + <tag><marker id="type-ssloption"/><c>ssloption() =</c></tag> <item> <p><c>{verify, verify_type()}</c></p> <p><c>| {verify_fun, {fun(), term()}}</c></p> @@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ <tag><c>sslsocket() =</c></tag> <item><p>opaque()</p></item> - <tag><c>protocol() =</c></tag> + <tag><marker id="type-protocol"/><c>protocol() =</c></tag> <item><p><c>sslv3 | tlsv1 | 'tlsv1.1' | 'tlsv1.2'</c></p></item> <tag><c>ciphers() =</c></tag> diff --git a/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_app.xml b/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_app.xml index 51ce0cedf1..24b0f5300e 100644 --- a/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_app.xml +++ b/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_app.xml @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ <p><c>erl -ssl protocol_version "['tlsv1.2', 'tlsv1.1']"</c></p> <taglist> - <tag><c><![CDATA[protocol_version = <seealso marker="kernel:error_logger">ssl:protocol()</seealso> <optional>]]></c>.</tag> + <tag><c> protocol_version = <seealso marker="ssl#type-protocol">ssl:protocol()</seealso> <![CDATA[<optional>]]></c></tag> <item><p>Protocol supported by started clients and servers. If this option is not set, it defaults to all protocols currently supported by the SSL application. @@ -66,17 +66,24 @@ to <c>ssl:connect/[2,3]</c> and <c>ssl:listen/2</c>.</p></item> <tag><c><![CDATA[session_lifetime = integer() <optional>]]></c></tag> - <item><p>Lifetime of the session data in seconds.</p></item> + <item><p>Maximum lifetime of the session data in seconds.</p></item> <tag><c><![CDATA[session_cb = atom() <optional>]]></c></tag> <item><p>Name of the session cache callback module that implements the <c>ssl_session_cache_api</c> behavior. Defaults to - <c>ssl_session_cache.erl</c>.</p></item> + <c>ssl_session_cache</c>.</p></item> <tag><c><![CDATA[session_cb_init_args = proplist:proplist() <optional>]]></c></tag> <item><p>List of extra user-defined arguments to the <c>init</c> function in the session cache callback module. Defaults to <c>[]</c>.</p></item> + + <tag><c><![CDATA[session_cache_client_max = integer() <optional>]]></c></tag> + <tag><c><![CDATA[session_cache_server_max = integer() <optional>]]></c></tag> + <item><p>Limits the growth of the clients/servers session cache, + if the maximum number of sessions is reached, the current cache entries will + be invalidated regardless of their remaining lifetime. Defaults to 1000. + </p></item> <tag><c><![CDATA[ssl_pem_cache_clean = integer() <optional>]]></c></tag> <item> @@ -103,7 +110,10 @@ <section> <title>ERROR LOGGER AND EVENT HANDLERS</title> - <p>The SSL application uses the default <seealso marker="kernel:error_logger">OTP error logger</seealso> to log unexpected errors and TLS alerts. The logging of TLS alerts may be turned off with the <c>log_alert</c> option. </p> + <p>The SSL application uses the default <seealso + marker="kernel:error_logger">OTP error logger</seealso> to log + unexpected errors and TLS alerts. The logging of TLS alerts may be + turned off with the <c>log_alert</c> option. </p> </section> <section> diff --git a/lib/ssl/src/dtls_connection.erl b/lib/ssl/src/dtls_connection.erl index 78662e0ea2..153d3fef48 100644 --- a/lib/ssl/src/dtls_connection.erl +++ b/lib/ssl/src/dtls_connection.erl @@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ init([Role, Host, Port, Socket, {SSLOpts0, _} = Options, User, CbInfo]) -> process_flag(trap_exit, true), State0 = initial_state(Role, Host, Port, Socket, Options, User, CbInfo), Handshake = ssl_handshake:init_handshake_history(), - TimeStamp = calendar:datetime_to_gregorian_seconds({date(), time()}), + TimeStamp = erlang:monotonic_time(), try ssl_config:init(SSLOpts0, Role) of {ok, Ref, CertDbHandle, FileRefHandle, CacheHandle, CRLDbInfo, OwnCert, Key, DHParams} -> Session = State0#state.session, diff --git a/lib/ssl/src/ssl_connection.erl b/lib/ssl/src/ssl_connection.erl index 12a56df69f..241871dc38 100644 --- a/lib/ssl/src/ssl_connection.erl +++ b/lib/ssl/src/ssl_connection.erl @@ -974,7 +974,7 @@ ssl_config(Opts, Role, State) -> {ok, Ref, CertDbHandle, FileRefHandle, CacheHandle, CRLDbInfo, OwnCert, Key, DHParams} = ssl_config:init(Opts, Role), Handshake = ssl_handshake:init_handshake_history(), - TimeStamp = calendar:datetime_to_gregorian_seconds({date(), time()}), + TimeStamp = erlang:monotonic_time(), Session = State#state.session, State#state{tls_handshake_history = Handshake, session = Session#session{own_certificate = OwnCert, diff --git a/lib/ssl/src/ssl_manager.erl b/lib/ssl/src/ssl_manager.erl index cc15678f23..00e95f5c5b 100644 --- a/lib/ssl/src/ssl_manager.erl +++ b/lib/ssl/src/ssl_manager.erl @@ -46,15 +46,19 @@ -include_lib("kernel/include/file.hrl"). -record(state, { - session_cache_client, - session_cache_server, - session_cache_cb, - session_lifetime, - certificate_db, - session_validation_timer, + session_cache_client :: db_handle(), + session_cache_server :: db_handle(), + session_cache_cb :: atom(), + session_lifetime :: integer(), + certificate_db :: db_handle(), + session_validation_timer :: reference(), last_delay_timer = {undefined, undefined},%% Keep for testing purposes - last_pem_check, - clear_pem_cache + last_pem_check :: erlang:timestamp(), + clear_pem_cache :: integer(), + session_cache_client_max :: integer(), + session_cache_server_max :: integer(), + session_server_invalidator :: undefined | pid(), + session_client_invalidator :: undefined | pid() }). -define(GEN_UNIQUE_ID_MAX_TRIES, 10). @@ -62,7 +66,7 @@ -define(CLEAR_PEM_CACHE, 120000). -define(CLEAN_SESSION_DB, 60000). -define(CLEAN_CERT_DB, 500). --define(NOT_TO_BIG, 10). +-define(DEFAULT_MAX_SESSION_CACHE, 1000). %%==================================================================== %% API @@ -87,7 +91,8 @@ manager_name(dist) -> %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- start_link(Opts) -> DistMangerName = manager_name(normal), - gen_server:start_link({local, DistMangerName}, ?MODULE, [DistMangerName, Opts], []). + gen_server:start_link({local, DistMangerName}, + ?MODULE, [DistMangerName, Opts], []). %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- -spec start_link_dist(list()) -> {ok, pid()} | ignore | {error, term()}. @@ -97,7 +102,8 @@ start_link(Opts) -> %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- start_link_dist(Opts) -> DistMangerName = manager_name(dist), - gen_server:start_link({local, DistMangerName}, ?MODULE, [DistMangerName, Opts], []). + gen_server:start_link({local, DistMangerName}, + ?MODULE, [DistMangerName, Opts], []). %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- -spec connection_init(binary()| {der, list()}, client | server, @@ -167,7 +173,8 @@ new_session_id(Port) -> %% be called by ssl-connection processes. %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- clean_cert_db(Ref, File) -> - erlang:send_after(?CLEAN_CERT_DB, get(ssl_manager), {clean_cert_db, Ref, File}), + erlang:send_after(?CLEAN_CERT_DB, get(ssl_manager), + {clean_cert_db, Ref, File}), ok. %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -235,10 +242,12 @@ init([Name, Opts]) -> SessionLifeTime = proplists:get_value(session_lifetime, Opts, ?'24H_in_sec'), CertDb = ssl_pkix_db:create(), - ClientSessionCache = CacheCb:init([{role, client} | - proplists:get_value(session_cb_init_args, Opts, [])]), - ServerSessionCache = CacheCb:init([{role, server} | - proplists:get_value(session_cb_init_args, Opts, [])]), + ClientSessionCache = + CacheCb:init([{role, client} | + proplists:get_value(session_cb_init_args, Opts, [])]), + ServerSessionCache = + CacheCb:init([{role, server} | + proplists:get_value(session_cb_init_args, Opts, [])]), Timer = erlang:send_after(SessionLifeTime * 1000 + 5000, self(), validate_sessions), Interval = pem_check_interval(), @@ -250,7 +259,11 @@ init([Name, Opts]) -> session_lifetime = SessionLifeTime, session_validation_timer = Timer, last_pem_check = os:timestamp(), - clear_pem_cache = Interval + clear_pem_cache = Interval, + session_cache_client_max = + max_session_cache_size(session_cache_client_max), + session_cache_server_max = + max_session_cache_size(session_cache_server_max) }}. %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -267,7 +280,8 @@ init([Name, Opts]) -> handle_call({{connection_init, <<>>, Role, {CRLCb, UserCRLDb}}, _Pid}, _From, #state{certificate_db = [CertDb, FileRefDb, PemChace | _] = Db} = State) -> Ref = make_ref(), - Result = {ok, Ref, CertDb, FileRefDb, PemChace, session_cache(Role, State), {CRLCb, crl_db_info(Db, UserCRLDb)}}, + Result = {ok, Ref, CertDb, FileRefDb, PemChace, + session_cache(Role, State), {CRLCb, crl_db_info(Db, UserCRLDb)}}, {reply, Result, State#state{certificate_db = Db}}; handle_call({{connection_init, Trustedcerts, Role, {CRLCb, UserCRLDb}}, Pid}, _From, @@ -305,7 +319,8 @@ handle_call({{cache_pem,File}, _Pid}, _, _:Reason -> {reply, {error, Reason}, State} end; -handle_call({unconditionally_clear_pem_cache, _},_, #state{certificate_db = [_,_,PemChace | _]} = State) -> +handle_call({unconditionally_clear_pem_cache, _},_, + #state{certificate_db = [_,_,PemChace | _]} = State) -> ssl_pkix_db:clear(PemChace), {reply, ok, State}. @@ -317,27 +332,12 @@ handle_call({unconditionally_clear_pem_cache, _},_, #state{certificate_db = [_,_ %% %% Description: Handling cast messages %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- -handle_cast({register_session, Host, Port, Session}, - #state{session_cache_client = Cache, - session_cache_cb = CacheCb} = State) -> - TimeStamp = calendar:datetime_to_gregorian_seconds({date(), time()}), - NewSession = Session#session{time_stamp = TimeStamp}, - - case CacheCb:select_session(Cache, {Host, Port}) of - no_session -> - CacheCb:update(Cache, {{Host, Port}, - NewSession#session.session_id}, NewSession); - Sessions -> - register_unique_session(Sessions, NewSession, CacheCb, Cache, {Host, Port}) - end, +handle_cast({register_session, Host, Port, Session}, State0) -> + State = ssl_client_register_session(Host, Port, Session, State0), {noreply, State}; -handle_cast({register_session, Port, Session}, - #state{session_cache_server = Cache, - session_cache_cb = CacheCb} = State) -> - TimeStamp = calendar:datetime_to_gregorian_seconds({date(), time()}), - NewSession = Session#session{time_stamp = TimeStamp}, - CacheCb:update(Cache, {Port, NewSession#session.session_id}, NewSession), +handle_cast({register_session, Port, Session}, State0) -> + State = server_register_session(Port, Session, State0), {noreply, State}; handle_cast({invalidate_session, Host, Port, @@ -411,10 +411,10 @@ handle_info({clean_cert_db, Ref, File}, end, {noreply, State}; -handle_info({'EXIT', _, _}, State) -> - %% Session validator died!! Do we need to take any action? - %% maybe error log - {noreply, State}; +handle_info({'EXIT', Pid, _}, #state{session_client_invalidator = Pid} = State) -> + {noreply, State#state{session_client_invalidator = undefined}}; +handle_info({'EXIT', Pid, _}, #state{session_server_invalidator = Pid} = State) -> + {noreply, State#state{session_server_invalidator = undefined}}; handle_info(_Info, State) -> {noreply, State}. @@ -495,7 +495,15 @@ delay_time() -> ?CLEAN_SESSION_DB end. -invalidate_session(Cache, CacheCb, Key, Session, #state{last_delay_timer = LastTimer} = State) -> +max_session_cache_size(CacheType) -> + case application:get_env(ssl, CacheType) of + {ok, Size} when is_integer(Size) -> + Size; + _ -> + ?DEFAULT_MAX_SESSION_CACHE + end. + +invalidate_session(Cache, CacheCb, Key, Session, State) -> case CacheCb:lookup(Cache, Key) of undefined -> %% Session is already invalidated {noreply, State}; @@ -503,15 +511,23 @@ invalidate_session(Cache, CacheCb, Key, Session, #state{last_delay_timer = LastT CacheCb:delete(Cache, Key), {noreply, State}; _ -> - %% When a registered session is invalidated we need to wait a while before deleting - %% it as there might be pending connections that rightfully needs to look - %% up the session data but new connections should not get to use this session. - CacheCb:update(Cache, Key, Session#session{is_resumable = false}), - TRef = - erlang:send_after(delay_time(), self(), {delayed_clean_session, Key, Cache}), - {noreply, State#state{last_delay_timer = last_delay_timer(Key, TRef, LastTimer)}} + delayed_invalidate_session(CacheCb, Cache, Key, Session, State) end. +delayed_invalidate_session(CacheCb, Cache, Key, Session, + #state{last_delay_timer = LastTimer} = State) -> + %% When a registered session is invalidated we need to + %% wait a while before deleting it as there might be + %% pending connections that rightfully needs to look up + %% the session data but new connections should not get to + %% use this session. + CacheCb:update(Cache, Key, Session#session{is_resumable = false}), + TRef = + erlang:send_after(delay_time(), self(), + {delayed_clean_session, Key, Cache}), + {noreply, State#state{last_delay_timer = + last_delay_timer(Key, TRef, LastTimer)}}. + last_delay_timer({{_,_},_}, TRef, {LastServer, _}) -> {LastServer, TRef}; last_delay_timer({_,_}, TRef, {_, LastClient}) -> @@ -530,12 +546,12 @@ new_id(Port, Tries, Cache, CacheCb) -> Id = crypto:rand_bytes(?NUM_OF_SESSION_ID_BYTES), case CacheCb:lookup(Cache, {Port, Id}) of undefined -> - Now = calendar:datetime_to_gregorian_seconds({date(), time()}), + Now = erlang:monotonic_time(), %% New sessions can not be set to resumable %% until handshake is compleate and the %% other session values are set. CacheCb:update(Cache, {Port, Id}, #session{session_id = Id, - is_resumable = false, + is_resumable = new, time_stamp = Now}), Id; _ -> @@ -557,15 +573,62 @@ clean_cert_db(Ref, CertDb, RefDb, PemCache, File) -> ok end. +ssl_client_register_session(Host, Port, Session, #state{session_cache_client = Cache, + session_cache_cb = CacheCb, + session_cache_client_max = Max, + session_client_invalidator = Pid0} = State) -> + TimeStamp = erlang:monotonic_time(), + NewSession = Session#session{time_stamp = TimeStamp}, + + case CacheCb:select_session(Cache, {Host, Port}) of + no_session -> + Pid = do_register_session({{Host, Port}, + NewSession#session.session_id}, + NewSession, Max, Pid0, Cache, CacheCb), + State#state{session_client_invalidator = Pid}; + Sessions -> + register_unique_session(Sessions, NewSession, {Host, Port}, State) + end. + +server_register_session(Port, Session, #state{session_cache_server_max = Max, + session_cache_server = Cache, + session_cache_cb = CacheCb, + session_server_invalidator = Pid0} = State) -> + TimeStamp = erlang:monotonic_time(), + NewSession = Session#session{time_stamp = TimeStamp}, + Pid = do_register_session({Port, NewSession#session.session_id}, + NewSession, Max, Pid0, Cache, CacheCb), + State#state{session_server_invalidator = Pid}. + +do_register_session(Key, Session, Max, Pid, Cache, CacheCb) -> + try CacheCb:size(Cache) of + N when N > Max -> + invalidate_session_cache(Pid, CacheCb, Cache); + _ -> + CacheCb:update(Cache, Key, Session), + Pid + catch + error:undef -> + CacheCb:update(Cache, Key, Session), + Pid + end. + + %% Do not let dumb clients create a gigantic session table %% for itself creating big delays at connection time. -register_unique_session(Sessions, Session, CacheCb, Cache, PartialKey) -> +register_unique_session(Sessions, Session, PartialKey, + #state{session_cache_client_max = Max, + session_cache_client = Cache, + session_cache_cb = CacheCb, + session_client_invalidator = Pid0} = State) -> case exists_equivalent(Session , Sessions) of true -> - ok; + State; false -> - CacheCb:update(Cache, {PartialKey, - Session#session.session_id}, Session) + Pid = do_register_session({PartialKey, + Session#session.session_id}, + Session, Max, Pid0, Cache, CacheCb), + State#state{session_client_invalidator = Pid} end. exists_equivalent(_, []) -> @@ -620,7 +683,8 @@ pem_check_interval() -> end. is_before_checkpoint(Time, CheckPoint) -> - calendar:datetime_to_gregorian_seconds(calendar:now_to_datetime(CheckPoint)) - + calendar:datetime_to_gregorian_seconds( + calendar:now_to_datetime(CheckPoint)) - calendar:datetime_to_gregorian_seconds(Time) > 0. add_trusted_certs(Pid, Trustedcerts, Db) -> @@ -641,3 +705,9 @@ crl_db_info([_,_,_,Local], {internal, Info}) -> crl_db_info(_, UserCRLDb) -> UserCRLDb. +%% Only start a session invalidator if there is not +%% one already active +invalidate_session_cache(undefined, CacheCb, Cache) -> + start_session_validator(Cache, CacheCb, {invalidate_before, erlang:monotonic_time()}); +invalidate_session_cache(Pid, _CacheCb, _Cache) -> + Pid. diff --git a/lib/ssl/src/ssl_session.erl b/lib/ssl/src/ssl_session.erl index 1849a05314..2b24bff5ff 100644 --- a/lib/ssl/src/ssl_session.erl +++ b/lib/ssl/src/ssl_session.erl @@ -61,13 +61,16 @@ client_id(ClientInfo, Cache, CacheCb, OwnCert) -> SessionId end. --spec valid_session(#session{}, seconds()) -> boolean(). +-spec valid_session(#session{}, seconds() | {invalidate_before, integer()}) -> boolean(). %% %% Description: Check that the session has not expired %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- +valid_session(#session{time_stamp = TimeStamp}, {invalidate_before, Before}) -> + TimeStamp > Before; valid_session(#session{time_stamp = TimeStamp}, LifeTime) -> - Now = calendar:datetime_to_gregorian_seconds({date(), time()}), - Now - TimeStamp < LifeTime. + Now = erlang:monotonic_time(), + Lived = erlang:convert_time_unit(Now-TimeStamp, native, seconds), + Lived < LifeTime. server_id(Port, <<>>, _SslOpts, _Cert, _, _) -> {ssl_manager:new_session_id(Port), undefined}; diff --git a/lib/ssl/src/ssl_session_cache.erl b/lib/ssl/src/ssl_session_cache.erl index cfc48cd935..9585e613e6 100644 --- a/lib/ssl/src/ssl_session_cache.erl +++ b/lib/ssl/src/ssl_session_cache.erl @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ -include("ssl_internal.hrl"). -export([init/1, terminate/1, lookup/2, update/3, delete/2, foldl/3, - select_session/2]). + select_session/2, size/1]). %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- %% Description: Return table reference. Called by ssl_manager process. @@ -86,6 +86,12 @@ select_session(Cache, PartialKey) -> [{{{PartialKey,'_'}, '$1'},[],['$1']}]). %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- +%% Description: Returns the cache size +%%-------------------------------------------------------------------- +size(Cache) -> + ets:info(Cache, size). + +%%-------------------------------------------------------------------- %%% Internal functions %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- cache_name(Name) -> diff --git a/lib/ssl/src/ssl_session_cache_api.erl b/lib/ssl/src/ssl_session_cache_api.erl index 536b52c44b..8f62c25be5 100644 --- a/lib/ssl/src/ssl_session_cache_api.erl +++ b/lib/ssl/src/ssl_session_cache_api.erl @@ -33,3 +33,4 @@ -callback delete(db_handle(), key()) -> any(). -callback foldl(fun(), term(), db_handle()) -> term(). -callback select_session(db_handle(), {host(), inet:port_number()} | inet:port_number()) -> [#session{}]. +-callback size(db_handle()) -> integer(). diff --git a/lib/ssl/test/ssl_session_cache_SUITE.erl b/lib/ssl/test/ssl_session_cache_SUITE.erl index 924898f6fa..85345c814f 100644 --- a/lib/ssl/test/ssl_session_cache_SUITE.erl +++ b/lib/ssl/test/ssl_session_cache_SUITE.erl @@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ -define(SLEEP, 500). -define(TIMEOUT, 60000). -define(LONG_TIMEOUT, 600000). +-define(MAX_TABLE_SIZE, 5). -behaviour(ssl_session_cache_api). @@ -46,7 +47,9 @@ all() -> [session_cleanup, session_cache_process_list, session_cache_process_mnesia, - client_unique_session]. + client_unique_session, + max_table_size + ]. groups() -> []. @@ -92,7 +95,17 @@ init_per_testcase(session_cleanup, Config) -> Config; init_per_testcase(client_unique_session, Config) -> - ct:timetrap({seconds, 20}), + ct:timetrap({seconds, 40}), + Config; + +init_per_testcase(max_table_size, Config) -> + ssl:stop(), + application:load(ssl), + application:set_env(ssl, session_cache_server_max, ?MAX_TABLE_SIZE), + application:set_env(ssl, session_cache_client_max, ?MAX_TABLE_SIZE), + application:set_env(ssl, session_delay_cleanup_time, ?DELAY), + ssl:start(), + ct:timetrap({seconds, 40}), Config. init_customized_session_cache(Type, Config) -> @@ -122,6 +135,10 @@ end_per_testcase(session_cleanup, Config) -> application:unset_env(ssl, session_delay_cleanup_time), application:unset_env(ssl, session_lifetime), end_per_testcase(default_action, Config); +end_per_testcase(max_table_size, Config) -> + application:unset_env(ssl, session_cach_server_max), + application:unset_env(ssl, session_cach_client_max), + end_per_testcase(default_action, Config); end_per_testcase(Case, Config) when Case == session_cache_process_list; Case == session_cache_process_mnesia -> ets:delete(ssl_test), @@ -148,7 +165,7 @@ client_unique_session(Config) when is_list(Config) -> {options, ServerOpts}]), Port = ssl_test_lib:inet_port(Server), LastClient = clients_start(Server, - ClientNode, Hostname, Port, ClientOpts, 20), + ClientNode, Hostname, Port, ClientOpts, client_unique_session, 20), receive {LastClient, {ok, _}} -> ok @@ -157,7 +174,8 @@ client_unique_session(Config) when is_list(Config) -> [_, _,_, _, Prop] = StatusInfo, State = ssl_test_lib:state(Prop), ClientCache = element(2, State), - 1 = ets:info(ClientCache, size), + + 1 = ssl_session_cache:size(ClientCache), ssl_test_lib:close(Server, 500), ssl_test_lib:close(LastClient). @@ -223,35 +241,7 @@ session_cleanup(Config) when is_list(Config) -> ssl_test_lib:close(Server), ssl_test_lib:close(Client). -check_timer(Timer) -> - case erlang:read_timer(Timer) of - false -> - {status, _, _, _} = sys:get_status(whereis(ssl_manager)), - timer:sleep(?SLEEP), - {status, _, _, _} = sys:get_status(whereis(ssl_manager)), - ok; - Int -> - ct:sleep(Int), - check_timer(Timer) - end. -get_delay_timers() -> - {status, _, _, StatusInfo} = sys:get_status(whereis(ssl_manager)), - [_, _,_, _, Prop] = StatusInfo, - State = ssl_test_lib:state(Prop), - case element(8, State) of - {undefined, undefined} -> - ct:sleep(?SLEEP), - get_delay_timers(); - {undefined, _} -> - ct:sleep(?SLEEP), - get_delay_timers(); - {_, undefined} -> - ct:sleep(?SLEEP), - get_delay_timers(); - DelayTimers -> - DelayTimers - end. %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- session_cache_process_list() -> [{doc,"Test reuse of sessions (short handshake)"}]. @@ -264,6 +254,42 @@ session_cache_process_mnesia(Config) when is_list(Config) -> session_cache_process(mnesia,Config). %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- + +max_table_size() -> + [{doc,"Test max limit on session table"}]. +max_table_size(Config) when is_list(Config) -> + process_flag(trap_exit, true), + ClientOpts = ?config(client_verification_opts, Config), + ServerOpts = ?config(server_verification_opts, Config), + {ClientNode, ServerNode, Hostname} = ssl_test_lib:run_where(Config), + Server = + ssl_test_lib:start_server([{node, ServerNode}, {port, 0}, + {from, self()}, + {mfa, {ssl_test_lib, no_result, []}}, + {tcp_options, [{active, false}]}, + {options, ServerOpts}]), + Port = ssl_test_lib:inet_port(Server), + LastClient = clients_start(Server, + ClientNode, Hostname, Port, ClientOpts, max_table_size, 20), + receive + {LastClient, {ok, _}} -> + ok + end, + ct:sleep(1000), + {status, _, _, StatusInfo} = sys:get_status(whereis(ssl_manager)), + [_, _,_, _, Prop] = StatusInfo, + State = ssl_test_lib:state(Prop), + ClientCache = element(2, State), + ServerCache = element(3, State), + N = ssl_session_cache:size(ServerCache), + M = ssl_session_cache:size(ClientCache), + ct:pal("~p",[{N, M}]), + ssl_test_lib:close(Server, 500), + ssl_test_lib:close(LastClient), + true = N =< ?MAX_TABLE_SIZE, + true = M =< ?MAX_TABLE_SIZE. + +%%-------------------------------------------------------------------- %%% Session cache API callbacks %%-------------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -403,21 +429,73 @@ session_cache_process(_Type,Config) when is_list(Config) -> ssl_basic_SUITE:reuse_session(Config). -clients_start(_Server, ClientNode, Hostname, Port, ClientOpts, 0) -> +clients_start(_Server, ClientNode, Hostname, Port, ClientOpts, Test, 0) -> %% Make sure session is registered ct:sleep(?SLEEP * 2), ssl_test_lib:start_client([{node, ClientNode}, {port, Port}, {host, Hostname}, {mfa, {?MODULE, connection_info_result, []}}, - {from, self()}, {options, ClientOpts}]); -clients_start(Server, ClientNode, Hostname, Port, ClientOpts, N) -> + {from, self()}, {options, test_copts(Test, 0, ClientOpts)}]); +clients_start(Server, ClientNode, Hostname, Port, ClientOpts, Test, N) -> spawn_link(ssl_test_lib, start_client, [[{node, ClientNode}, {port, Port}, {host, Hostname}, {mfa, {ssl_test_lib, no_result, []}}, - {from, self()}, {options, ClientOpts}]]), + {from, self()}, {options, test_copts(Test, N, ClientOpts)}]]), Server ! listen, - clients_start(Server, ClientNode, Hostname, Port, ClientOpts, N-1). + wait_for_server(), + clients_start(Server, ClientNode, Hostname, Port, ClientOpts, Test, N-1). connection_info_result(Socket) -> ssl:connection_information(Socket, [protocol, cipher_suite]). + +check_timer(Timer) -> + case erlang:read_timer(Timer) of + false -> + {status, _, _, _} = sys:get_status(whereis(ssl_manager)), + timer:sleep(?SLEEP), + {status, _, _, _} = sys:get_status(whereis(ssl_manager)), + ok; + Int -> + ct:sleep(Int), + check_timer(Timer) + end. + +get_delay_timers() -> + {status, _, _, StatusInfo} = sys:get_status(whereis(ssl_manager)), + [_, _,_, _, Prop] = StatusInfo, + State = ssl_test_lib:state(Prop), + case element(8, State) of + {undefined, undefined} -> + ct:sleep(?SLEEP), + get_delay_timers(); + {undefined, _} -> + ct:sleep(?SLEEP), + get_delay_timers(); + {_, undefined} -> + ct:sleep(?SLEEP), + get_delay_timers(); + DelayTimers -> + DelayTimers + end. + +wait_for_server() -> + ct:sleep(100). + + +test_copts(_, 0, ClientOpts) -> + ClientOpts; +test_copts(max_table_size, N, ClientOpts) -> + Version = tls_record:highest_protocol_version([]), + CipherSuites = %%lists:map(fun(X) -> ssl_cipher:suite_definition(X) end, ssl_cipher:filter_suites(ssl_cipher:suites(Version))), +[ Y|| Y = {Alg,_, _, _} <- lists:map(fun(X) -> ssl_cipher:suite_definition(X) end, ssl_cipher:filter_suites(ssl_cipher:suites(Version))), Alg =/= ecdhe_ecdsa, Alg =/= ecdh_ecdsa, Alg =/= ecdh_rsa, Alg =/= ecdhe_rsa, Alg =/= dhe_dss, Alg =/= dss], + case length(CipherSuites) of + M when M >= N -> + Cipher = lists:nth(N, CipherSuites), + ct:pal("~p",[Cipher]), + [{ciphers, [Cipher]} | ClientOpts]; + _ -> + ClientOpts + end; +test_copts(_, _, ClientOpts) -> + ClientOpts. diff --git a/lib/stdlib/src/erl_pp.erl b/lib/stdlib/src/erl_pp.erl index f7a969977a..c5177aca90 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/src/erl_pp.erl +++ b/lib/stdlib/src/erl_pp.erl @@ -253,6 +253,8 @@ lattribute(import, Name, _Opts, _State) when is_list(Name) -> attr("import", [{var,a0(),pname(Name)}]); lattribute(import, {From,Falist}, _Opts, _State) -> attr("import",[{var,a0(),pname(From)},falist(Falist)]); +lattribute(export_type, Talist, _Opts, _State) -> + call({var,a0(),"-export_type"}, [falist(Talist)], 0, options(none)); lattribute(optional_callbacks, Falist, Opts, _State) -> ArgL = try falist(Falist) catch _:_ -> abstract(Falist, Opts) @@ -321,7 +323,6 @@ ltype({type,_,'fun',[{type,_,any},_]}=FunType, _) -> ltype({type,_Line,'fun',[{type,_,product,_},_]}=FunType, _) -> [fun_type(['fun',$(], FunType),$)]; ltype({type,Line,T,Ts}, _) -> - %% Compatibility. Before 18.0. simple_type({atom,Line,T}, Ts); ltype({user_type,Line,T,Ts}, _) -> simple_type({atom,Line,T}, Ts); @@ -346,16 +347,8 @@ map_type(Fs) -> map_pair_types(Fs) -> tuple_type(Fs, fun map_pair_type/2). -map_pair_type({type,_Line,map_field_assoc,[Ktype,Vtype]}, Prec) -> - map_assoc_typed(ltype(Ktype), Vtype, Prec). - -map_assoc_typed(B, {type,_,union,Ts}, Prec) -> - {first,[B,$\s],{seq,[],[],[],map_assoc_union_type(Ts, Prec)}}; -map_assoc_typed(B, Type, Prec) -> - {list,[{cstep,[B," =>"],ltype(Type, Prec)}]}. - -map_assoc_union_type([T|Ts], Prec) -> - [[leaf("=> "),ltype(T)] | ltypes(Ts, fun union_elem/2, Prec)]. +map_pair_type({type,_Line,map_field_assoc,[KType,VType]}, Prec) -> + {list,[{cstep,[ltype(KType, Prec),leaf(" =>")],ltype(VType, Prec)}]}. record_type(Name, Fields) -> {first,[record_name(Name)],field_types(Fields)}. @@ -370,9 +363,6 @@ typed(B, Type) -> {_L,_P,R} = type_inop_prec('::'), {list,[{cstep,[B,' ::'],ltype(Type, R)}]}. -union_elem(T, Prec) -> - [leaf(" | "),ltype(T, Prec)]. - tuple_type(Ts, F) -> {seq,${,$},[$,],ltypes(Ts, F, 0)}. @@ -399,6 +389,9 @@ guard_type(Before, Gs) -> Gl = {list,[{step,'when',expr_list(Gs, [$,], fun constraint/2, Opts)}]}, {list,[{step,Before,Gl}]}. +constraint({type,_Line,constraint,[{atom,_,is_subtype},[{var,_,_}=V,Type]]}, + _Opts) -> + typed(lexpr(V, options(none)), Type); constraint({type,_Line,constraint,[Tag,As]}, _Opts) -> simple_type(Tag, As). diff --git a/lib/stdlib/test/erl_pp_SUITE.erl b/lib/stdlib/test/erl_pp_SUITE.erl index 389fd059f6..92e2764c65 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/test/erl_pp_SUITE.erl +++ b/lib/stdlib/test/erl_pp_SUITE.erl @@ -960,6 +960,9 @@ maps_syntax(Config) when is_list(Config) -> "-compile(export_all).\n" "-type t1() :: map().\n" "-type t2() :: #{ atom() => integer(), atom() => float() }.\n" + "-type u() :: #{a => (I :: integer()) | (A :: atom()),\n" + " (X :: atom()) | (Y :: atom()) =>\n" + " (I :: integer()) | (A :: atom())}.\n" "-spec f1(t1()) -> 'true'.\n" "f1(M) when is_map(M) -> true.\n" "-spec f2(t2()) -> integer().\n" diff --git a/otp_versions.table b/otp_versions.table index 9abffe87ed..e31f5e425a 100644 --- a/otp_versions.table +++ b/otp_versions.table @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ OTP-18.0.3 : erts-7.0.3 # asn1-4.0 common_test-1.11 compiler-6.0 cosEvent-2.2 co OTP-18.0.2 : erts-7.0.2 runtime_tools-1.9.1 # asn1-4.0 common_test-1.11 compiler-6.0 cosEvent-2.2 cosEventDomain-1.2 cosFileTransfer-1.2 cosNotification-1.2 cosProperty-1.2 cosTime-1.2 cosTransactions-1.3 crypto-3.6 debugger-4.1 dialyzer-2.8 diameter-1.10 edoc-0.7.17 eldap-1.2 erl_docgen-0.4 erl_interface-3.8 et-1.5.1 eunit-2.2.10 gs-1.6 hipe-3.12 ic-4.4 inets-6.0 jinterface-1.6 kernel-4.0 megaco-3.18 mnesia-4.13 observer-2.1 odbc-2.11 orber-3.8 os_mon-2.4 ose-1.1 otp_mibs-1.1 parsetools-2.1 percept-0.8.11 public_key-1.0 reltool-0.7 sasl-2.5 snmp-5.2 ssh-4.0 ssl-7.0 stdlib-2.5 syntax_tools-1.7 test_server-3.9 tools-2.8 typer-0.9.9 webtool-0.9 wx-1.4 xmerl-1.3.8 : OTP-18.0.1 : erts-7.0.1 # asn1-4.0 common_test-1.11 compiler-6.0 cosEvent-2.2 cosEventDomain-1.2 cosFileTransfer-1.2 cosNotification-1.2 cosProperty-1.2 cosTime-1.2 cosTransactions-1.3 crypto-3.6 debugger-4.1 dialyzer-2.8 diameter-1.10 edoc-0.7.17 eldap-1.2 erl_docgen-0.4 erl_interface-3.8 et-1.5.1 eunit-2.2.10 gs-1.6 hipe-3.12 ic-4.4 inets-6.0 jinterface-1.6 kernel-4.0 megaco-3.18 mnesia-4.13 observer-2.1 odbc-2.11 orber-3.8 os_mon-2.4 ose-1.1 otp_mibs-1.1 parsetools-2.1 percept-0.8.11 public_key-1.0 reltool-0.7 runtime_tools-1.9 sasl-2.5 snmp-5.2 ssh-4.0 ssl-7.0 stdlib-2.5 syntax_tools-1.7 test_server-3.9 tools-2.8 typer-0.9.9 webtool-0.9 wx-1.4 xmerl-1.3.8 : OTP-18.0 : asn1-4.0 common_test-1.11 compiler-6.0 cosEvent-2.2 cosEventDomain-1.2 cosFileTransfer-1.2 cosNotification-1.2 cosProperty-1.2 cosTime-1.2 cosTransactions-1.3 crypto-3.6 debugger-4.1 dialyzer-2.8 diameter-1.10 edoc-0.7.17 eldap-1.2 erl_docgen-0.4 erl_interface-3.8 erts-7.0 et-1.5.1 eunit-2.2.10 gs-1.6 hipe-3.12 ic-4.4 inets-6.0 jinterface-1.6 kernel-4.0 megaco-3.18 mnesia-4.13 observer-2.1 odbc-2.11 orber-3.8 os_mon-2.4 ose-1.1 otp_mibs-1.1 parsetools-2.1 percept-0.8.11 public_key-1.0 reltool-0.7 runtime_tools-1.9 sasl-2.5 snmp-5.2 ssh-4.0 ssl-7.0 stdlib-2.5 syntax_tools-1.7 test_server-3.9 tools-2.8 typer-0.9.9 webtool-0.9 wx-1.4 xmerl-1.3.8 # : +OTP-17.5.6.5 : erts-6.4.1.4 kernel-3.2.0.1 ssl-6.0.1.1 # asn1-3.0.4 common_test-1.10.1 compiler-5.0.4 cosEvent-2.1.15 cosEventDomain-1.1.14 cosFileTransfer-1.1.16 cosNotification-1.1.21 cosProperty-1.1.17 cosTime-1.1.14 cosTransactions-1.2.14 crypto-3.5 debugger-4.0.3.1 dialyzer-2.7.4 diameter-1.9.2.1 edoc-0.7.16 eldap-1.1.1 erl_docgen-0.3.7 erl_interface-3.7.20 et-1.5 eunit-2.2.9 gs-1.5.16 hipe-3.11.3 ic-4.3.6 inets-5.10.9 jinterface-1.5.12 megaco-3.17.3 mnesia-4.12.5 observer-2.0.4 odbc-2.10.22 orber-3.7.1 os_mon-2.3.1 ose-1.0.2 otp_mibs-1.0.10 parsetools-2.0.12 percept-0.8.10 public_key-0.23 reltool-0.6.6 runtime_tools-1.8.16.1 sasl-2.4.1 snmp-5.1.2 ssh-3.2.4 stdlib-2.4 syntax_tools-1.6.18 test_server-3.8.1 tools-2.7.2 typer-0.9.8 webtool-0.8.10 wx-1.3.3 xmerl-1.3.7 : OTP-17.5.6.4 : debugger-4.0.3.1 erts-6.4.1.3 # asn1-3.0.4 common_test-1.10.1 compiler-5.0.4 cosEvent-2.1.15 cosEventDomain-1.1.14 cosFileTransfer-1.1.16 cosNotification-1.1.21 cosProperty-1.1.17 cosTime-1.1.14 cosTransactions-1.2.14 crypto-3.5 dialyzer-2.7.4 diameter-1.9.2.1 edoc-0.7.16 eldap-1.1.1 erl_docgen-0.3.7 erl_interface-3.7.20 et-1.5 eunit-2.2.9 gs-1.5.16 hipe-3.11.3 ic-4.3.6 inets-5.10.9 jinterface-1.5.12 kernel-3.2 megaco-3.17.3 mnesia-4.12.5 observer-2.0.4 odbc-2.10.22 orber-3.7.1 os_mon-2.3.1 ose-1.0.2 otp_mibs-1.0.10 parsetools-2.0.12 percept-0.8.10 public_key-0.23 reltool-0.6.6 runtime_tools-1.8.16.1 sasl-2.4.1 snmp-5.1.2 ssh-3.2.4 ssl-6.0.1 stdlib-2.4 syntax_tools-1.6.18 test_server-3.8.1 tools-2.7.2 typer-0.9.8 webtool-0.8.10 wx-1.3.3 xmerl-1.3.7 : OTP-17.5.6.3 : diameter-1.9.2.1 # asn1-3.0.4 common_test-1.10.1 compiler-5.0.4 cosEvent-2.1.15 cosEventDomain-1.1.14 cosFileTransfer-1.1.16 cosNotification-1.1.21 cosProperty-1.1.17 cosTime-1.1.14 cosTransactions-1.2.14 crypto-3.5 debugger-4.0.3 dialyzer-2.7.4 edoc-0.7.16 eldap-1.1.1 erl_docgen-0.3.7 erl_interface-3.7.20 erts-6.4.1.2 et-1.5 eunit-2.2.9 gs-1.5.16 hipe-3.11.3 ic-4.3.6 inets-5.10.9 jinterface-1.5.12 kernel-3.2 megaco-3.17.3 mnesia-4.12.5 observer-2.0.4 odbc-2.10.22 orber-3.7.1 os_mon-2.3.1 ose-1.0.2 otp_mibs-1.0.10 parsetools-2.0.12 percept-0.8.10 public_key-0.23 reltool-0.6.6 runtime_tools-1.8.16.1 sasl-2.4.1 snmp-5.1.2 ssh-3.2.4 ssl-6.0.1 stdlib-2.4 syntax_tools-1.6.18 test_server-3.8.1 tools-2.7.2 typer-0.9.8 webtool-0.8.10 wx-1.3.3 xmerl-1.3.7 : OTP-17.5.6.2 : erts-6.4.1.2 runtime_tools-1.8.16.1 # asn1-3.0.4 common_test-1.10.1 compiler-5.0.4 cosEvent-2.1.15 cosEventDomain-1.1.14 cosFileTransfer-1.1.16 cosNotification-1.1.21 cosProperty-1.1.17 cosTime-1.1.14 cosTransactions-1.2.14 crypto-3.5 debugger-4.0.3 dialyzer-2.7.4 diameter-1.9.2 edoc-0.7.16 eldap-1.1.1 erl_docgen-0.3.7 erl_interface-3.7.20 et-1.5 eunit-2.2.9 gs-1.5.16 hipe-3.11.3 ic-4.3.6 inets-5.10.9 jinterface-1.5.12 kernel-3.2 megaco-3.17.3 mnesia-4.12.5 observer-2.0.4 odbc-2.10.22 orber-3.7.1 os_mon-2.3.1 ose-1.0.2 otp_mibs-1.0.10 parsetools-2.0.12 percept-0.8.10 public_key-0.23 reltool-0.6.6 sasl-2.4.1 snmp-5.1.2 ssh-3.2.4 ssl-6.0.1 stdlib-2.4 syntax_tools-1.6.18 test_server-3.8.1 tools-2.7.2 typer-0.9.8 webtool-0.8.10 wx-1.3.3 xmerl-1.3.7 : diff --git a/system/doc/reference_manual/typespec.xml b/system/doc/reference_manual/typespec.xml index 7891f3a6b9..22627058c1 100644 --- a/system/doc/reference_manual/typespec.xml +++ b/system/doc/reference_manual/typespec.xml @@ -197,6 +197,9 @@ <cell><c>char()</c></cell><cell><c>0..16#10ffff</c></cell> </row> <row> + <cell><c>nil()</c></cell><cell><c>[]</c></cell> + </row> + <row> <cell><c>number()</c></cell><cell><c>integer() | float()</c></cell> </row> <row> @@ -312,7 +315,7 @@ <p> As seen, the basic syntax of a type is an atom followed by closed parentheses. New types are declared using <c>-type</c> and <c>-opaque</c> - compiler attributes as in the following: + attributes as in the following: </p> <pre> -type my_struct_type() :: Type. @@ -435,8 +438,8 @@ <section> <title>Specifications for Functions</title> <p> - A specification (or contract) for a function is given using the new - compiler attribute <c>-spec</c>. The general format is as follows: + A specification (or contract) for a function is given using the + <c>-spec</c> attribute. The general format is as follows: </p> <pre> -spec Module:Function(ArgType1, ..., ArgTypeN) -> ReturnType.</pre> @@ -451,7 +454,7 @@ explicitly) import these functions. </p> <p> - Within a given module, the following shorthand suffice in most cases: + Within a given module, the following shorthand suffices in most cases: </p> <pre> -spec Function(ArgType1, ..., ArgTypeN) -> ReturnType.</pre> |