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diff --git a/HOWTO/INSTALL.md b/HOWTO/INSTALL.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4f7c317a47 --- /dev/null +++ b/HOWTO/INSTALL.md @@ -0,0 +1,843 @@ +Building and Installing Erlang/OTP +================================== + +Introduction +------------ + +This document describes how to build and install Erlang/OTP-%OTP-REL%. You +are advised to read the whole document before attempting to build and install +Erlang/OTP. You can find more information about Open Source Erlang/OTP at: + + <http://www.erlang.org/> + +The source code for Erlang/OTP can also be found in a Git repository: + + <http://github.com/erlang/otp> + +Erlang/OTP should be possible to build from source on any Unix system, +including Mac OS X. This document describes how to native compile Erlang/OTP +on Unix. For detailed instructions on how to + +* cross compile Erlang/OTP, see the [$ERL_TOP/HOWTO/INSTALL-CROSS.md][] + document. + +* build Erlang/OTP on Windows, see the [$ERL_TOP/HOWTO/INSTALL-WIN32.md][] + document. + + Binary releases for Windows can be found at + <http://www.erlang.org/download.html>. + +Before reading the above mentioned documents you are in any case advised to +read this document first, since it covers building Erlang/OTP in general as +well as other important information. + +Daily Build and Test +-------------------- +At Ericsson we have a "Daily Build and Test" that runs on: + +* Solaris 8, 9 + * Sparc32 + * Sparc64 +* Solaris 10 + * Sparc32 + * Sparc64 + * x86 +* SuSE Linux/GNU 9.4, 10.1 + * x86 +* SuSE Linux/GNU 10.0, 10.1, 11.0 + * x86 + * x86\_64 +* openSuSE 11.4 (Celadon) + * x86\_64 (valgrind) +* Fedora 7 + * PowerPC +* Fedora 14 + * x86\_64 +* Gentoo Linux/GNU 1.12.11.1 + * x86 +* Ubuntu Linux/GNU 7.04, 10.04, 10.10, 11.0 + * x86\_64 +* MontaVista Linux/GNU 4.0.1 + * PowerPC +* FreeBSD 8.2 + * x86 +* OpenBSD 5.0 + * x86\_64 +* Mac OS X 10.5.8 (Leopard), 10.6.0 (Snow Leopard), 10.7.3 (Lion) + * x86 +* Windows XP SP3, 2003, Vista, 7 + * x86 +* Windows 7 + * x86\_64 + +We also have the following "Daily Cross Builds": + +* SuSE Linux/GNU 10.1 x86 -> SuSE Linux/GNU 10.1 x86\_64 +* SuSE Linux/GNU 10.1 x86\_64 -> Linux/GNU TILEPro64 + +and the following "Daily Cross Build Tests": + +* SuSE Linux/GNU 10.1 x86\_64 + +Versions Known NOT to Work +-------------------------- + +* Suse linux 9.1 is shipped with a patched GCC version 3.3.3, having the + rpm named `gcc-3.3.3-41`. That version has a serious optimization bug + that makes it unusable for building the Erlang emulator. Please + upgrade GCC to a newer version before building on Suse 9.1. Suse Linux + Enterprise edition 9 (SLES9) has `gcc-3.3.3-43` and is not affected. + +* `gcc-4.3.0` has a serious optimizer bug. It produces an Erlang emulator + that will crash immediately. The bug is supposed to be fixed in + `gcc-4.3.1`. + +* FreeBSD had a bug which caused `kqueue`/`poll`/`select` to fail to detect + that a `writev()` on a pipe has been made. This bug should have been fixed + in FreeBSD 6.3 and FreeBSD 7.0. NetBSD and DragonFlyBSD probably have or + have had the same bug. More information can be found at: + + * <http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/sys/kern/sys_pipe.c> + * <http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-arch/2007-September/006790.html> + +* `getcwd()` on Solaris 9 can cause an emulator crash. If you have + async-threads enabled you can increase the stack size of the + async-threads as a temporary workaround. See the `+a` command-line + argument in the documentation of `erl(1)`. Without async-threads the + emulator is not as vulnerable to this bug, but if you hit it without + async-threads the only workaround available is to enable async-threads + and increase the stack size of the async-threads. Sun has however + released patches that fixes the issue: + + > Problem Description: 6448300 large mnttab can cause stack overrun + > during Solaris 9 getcwd + + More information can be found at: + + * <http://sunsolve.sun.com/search/document.do?assetkey=1-21-112874-40-1&searchclause=6448300> + * <http://sunsolve.sun.com/search/document.do?assetkey=1-21-114432-29-1&searchclause=6448300> + +Required Utilities +------------------ + +These are the tools you will need in order to unpack and build Erlang/OTP. + +### Unpacking ### + +* GNU unzip, or a modern uncompress. +* A TAR program that understands the GNU TAR format for long filenames + (such as GNU TAR). + +### Building ### + +* GNU `make` +* `gcc` -- GNU C compiler +* Perl 5 +* GNU `m4` -- If HiPE (native code) support is enabled. HiPE can be + disabled using `--disable-hipe` +* `ncurses`, `termcap`, or `termlib` -- The development headers and + libraries are needed, often known as `ncurses-devel`. Use + `--without-termcap` to build without any of these libraries. Note that + in this case only the old shell (without any line editing) can be used. +* OpenSSL -- Optional, but needed for building the Erlang/OTP applications + `ssl` and `crypto`. You need the "development package" of OpenSSL, i.e. + including the header files. For building the application `ssl` the OpenSSL + binary command program `openssl` is also needed. At least version 0.9.8 + of OpenSSL is required. Can be downloaded from <http://www.openssl.org>. +* Sun Java jdk-1.5.0 or higher -- Optional but needed for building the + Erlang/OTP application `jinterface` and parts of `ic` and `orber`. Can + be downloaded from <http://java.sun.com>. We have also tested IBM's + JDK 1.5.0. +* X Windows -- Optional, but development headers and libraries are needed + to build the Erlang/OTP application `gs` on Unix/Linux. +* `sed` -- There seem to be some problems with some of the `sed` version on + Solaris. Make sure `/bin/sed` or `/usr/bin/sed` is used on the Solaris + platform. +* `flex` -- Optional, headers and libraries are needed to build the `flex` + scanner for the `megaco` application on Unix/Linux. + +#### Building Documentation #### + +* `xsltproc` -- XSLT processor. A tool for applying XSLT stylesheets + to XML documents. Can be downloaded from + <http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/xsltproc2.html>. +* `fop` -- Apache FOP print formatter (requires Java). Can be downloaded + from <http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop>. + +#### Building in Git #### + +* GNU `autoconf` of at least version 2.59. Note that `autoconf` is not + needed when building an unmodified version of the released source. + +### Installing ### + +* An `install` program that can take multiple file names. + +How to Build and Install Erlang/OTP +----------------------------------- + +The following instructions are for building [the released source tar ball][]. + +The variable `$ERL_TOP` will be mentioned a lot of times. It refers to +the top directory in the source tree. More information about `$ERL_TOP` +can be found in the [make and $ERL_TOP][] section below. If you are +building in git you probably want to take a look at the [Building in Git][] +section below before proceeding. + +### Unpacking ### + +Step 1: Start by unpacking the Erlang/OTP distribution file with your GNU +compatible TAR program. + + $ gunzip -c otp_src_%OTP-REL%.tar.gz | tar xf - + +alternatively: + + $ zcat otp_src_%OTP-REL%.tar.gz | tar xf - + + +Step 2: Now cd into the base directory (`$ERL_TOP`). + + $ cd otp_src_%OTP-REL% + +### Configuring ### + +Step 3: On some platforms Perl may behave strangely if certain locales are +set, so optionally you may need to set the LANG variable: + + # Bourne shell + $ LANG=C; export LANG + +or + + # C-Shell + $ setenv LANG C + +Step 4: Run the following commands to configure the build: + + $ ./configure [ options ] + +By default, Erlang/OTP will be installed in `/usr/local/{bin,lib/erlang}`. +To instead install in `<BaseDir>/{bin,lib/erlang}`, use the +`--prefix=<BaseDir>` option. + +If you upgraded the source with some patch you may need to clean up +from previous builds before the new build. Before doing a `make clean`, +be sure to read the [Pre-built Source Release][] section below. + +### Building ### + +Step 5: Build the Erlang/OTP package. + + $ make + +### Installing ### + +Step 6: Install then Erlang/OTP package + + $ make install + +### A Closer Look at the individual Steps ### + +Let us go through them in some detail. + +#### Configuring #### + +Step 4 runs a configuration script created by the GNU autoconf utility, which +checks for system specific features and then creates a number of makefiles. + +The configure script allows you to customize a number of parameters; +type `./configure --help` or `./configure --help=recursive` for details. +`./configure --help=recursive` will give help for all `configure` scripts in +all applications. + +One of the things you can specify is where Erlang/OTP should be installed. By +default Erlang/OTP will be installed in `/usr/local/{bin,lib/erlang}`. +To keep the same structure but install in a different place, `<Dir>` say, +use the `--prefix` argument like this: `./configure --prefix=<Dir>`. + +Some of the available `configure` options are: + +* `--prefix=PATH` - Specify installation prefix. +* `--{enable,disable}-threads` - Thread support (enabled by default if + possible) +* `--{enable,disable}-smp-support` - SMP support (enabled by default if + possible) +* `--{enable,disable}-kernel-poll` - Kernel poll support (enabled by + default if possible) +* `--{enable,disable}-hipe` - HiPE support (enabled by default on supported + platforms) +* `--enable-darwin-universal` - Build universal binaries on darwin i386. +* `--enable-darwin-64bit` - Build 64-bit binaries on darwin +* `--enable-m64-build` - Build 64-bit binaries using the `-m64` flag to + `(g)cc` +* `--enable-m32-build` - Build 32-bit binaries using the `-m32` flag to + `(g)cc` +* `--{with,without}-termcap` - termcap (without implies that only the old + Erlang shell can be used) +* `--with-javac=JAVAC` - Specify Java compiler to use +* `--{with,without}-javac` - Java compiler (without implies that the + `jinterface` application won't be built) +* `--{enable,disable}-dynamic-ssl-lib` - Dynamic OpenSSL libraries +* `--{enable,disable}-shared-zlib` - Shared zlib library +* `--with-ssl=PATH` - Specify location of OpenSSL include and lib +* `--{with,without}-ssl` - OpenSSL (without implies that the `crypto`, + `ssh`, and `ssl` won't be built) +* `--with-libatomic_ops=PATH` - Use the `libatomic_ops` library for atomic + memory accesses. If `configure` should inform you about no native atomic + implementation available, you typically want to try using the + `libatomic_ops` library. It can be downloaded from + <http://www.hpl.hp.com/research/linux/atomic_ops/>. + +If you or your system has special requirements please read the `Makefile` for +additional configuration information. + +#### Building #### + +Step 5 builds the Erlang/OTP system. On a fast computer, this will take about +5 minutes. After completion of this step, you should have a working +Erlang/OTP system which you can try by typing `bin/erl`. This should start +up Erlang/OTP and give you a prompt: + + $ bin/erl + Erlang %OTP-REL% (erts-%ERTS-VSN%) [source] [smp:4:4] [rq:4] [async-threads:0] [kernel-poll:false] + + Eshell V%ERTS-VSN% (abort with ^G) + 1> _ + +#### Installing #### + +Step 6 is optional. It installs Erlang/OTP at a standardized location (if you +change your mind about where you wish to install you can rerun step 4, +without having to do step 5 again). + +##### Alternative Installation Procedures ##### + +* Staged install using [DESTDIR][]. You can perform the install + phase in a temporary directory and later move the installation into + its correct location by use of the `DESTDIR` variable: + + $ make DESTDIR=<tmp install dir> install + + The installation will be created in a location prefixed by `$DESTDIR`. + It can, however, not be run from there. It needs to be moved into the + correct location before it can be run. If `DESTDIR` have not been set + but `INSTALL_PREFIX` has been set, `DESTDIR` will be set to + `INSTALL_PREFIX`. Note that `INSTALL_PREFIX` in pre R13B04 was buggy + and behaved as `EXTRA_PREFIX` (see below). There are lots of areas of + use for an installation procedure using `DESTDIR`, e.g. when creating + a package, cross compiling, etc. Here is an example where the + installation should be located under `/opt/local`: + + $ ./configure --prefix=/opt/local + $ make + $ make DESTDIR=/tmp/erlang-build install + $ cd /tmp/erlang-build/opt/local + $ # gnu-tar is used in this example + $ tar -zcf /home/me/my-erlang-build.tgz * + $ su - + Password: ***** + $ cd /opt/local + $ tar -zxf /home/me/my-erlang-build.tgz + +* Install using the `release` target. Instead of doing `make install` you + can create the installation in whatever directory you like using the + `release` target and run the `Install` script yourself. `RELEASE_ROOT` + is used for specifying the directory where the installation should be + created. This is what by default ends up under `/usr/local/lib/erlang` + if you do the install using `make install`. All installation paths + provided in the `configure` phase are ignored, as well as `DESTDIR`, + and `INSTALL_PREFIX`. If you want links from a specific `bin` directory + to the installation you have to set those up yourself. An example where + Erlang/OTP should be located at `/home/me/OTP`: + + $ ./configure + $ make + $ make RELEASE_ROOT=/home/me/OTP release + $ cd /home/me/OTP + $ ./Install -minimal /home/me/OTP + $ mkdir -p /home/me/bin + $ cd /home/me/bin + $ ln -s /home/me/OTP/bin/erl erl + $ ln -s /home/me/OTP/bin/erlc erlc + $ ln -s /home/me/OTP/bin/escript escript + ... + + The `Install` script should currently be invoked as follows in the + directory where it resides (the top directory): + + $ ./Install [-cross] [-minimal|-sasl] <ERL_ROOT> + + where: + + * `-minimal` Creates an installation that starts up a minimal amount + of applications, i.e., only `kernel` and `stdlib` are started. The + minimal system is normally enough, and is what `make install` uses. + * `-sasl` Creates an installation that also starts up the `sasl` + application. + * `-cross` For cross compilation. Informs the install script that it + is run on the build machine. + * `<ERL_ROOT>` - The absolute path to the Erlang installation to use + at run time. This is often the same as the current working directory, + but does not have to be. It can follow any other path through the + file system to the same directory. + + If neither `-minimal`, nor `-sasl` is passed as argument you will be + prompted. + +* Test install using `EXTRA_PREFIX`. The content of the `EXTRA_PREFIX` + variable will prefix all installation paths when doing `make install`. + Note that `EXTRA_PREFIX` is similar to `DESTDIR`, but it does *not* have + the same effect as `DESTDIR`. The installation can and have to be run + from the location specified by `EXTRA_PREFIX`. That is, it can be useful + if you want to try the system out, running test suites, etc, before doing + the real install without `EXTRA_PREFIX`. + +### Symbolic Links in --bindir ### + +When doing `make install` and the default installation prefix is used, +relative symbolic links will be created from `/usr/local/bin` to all public +Erlang/OTP executables in `/usr/local/lib/erlang/bin`. The installation phase +will try to create relative symbolic links as long as `--bindir` and the +Erlang bin directory, located under `--libdir`, both have `--exec-prefix` as +prefix. Where `--exec-prefix` defaults to `--prefix`. `--prefix`, +`--exec-prefix`, `--bindir`, and `--libdir` are all arguments that can be +passed to `configure`. One can force relative, or absolute links by passing +`BINDIR_SYMLINKS=relative|absolute` as arguments to `make` during the install +phase. Note that such a request might cause a failure if the request cannot +be satisfied. + +### Pre-built Source Release ### + +The source release is delivered with a lot of platform independent +build results already pre-built. If you want to remove these pre-built +files, invoke `./otp_build remove_prebuilt_files` from the `$ERL_TOP` +directory. After you have done this, you can build exactly the same way +as before, but the build process will take a much longer time. + +> *WARNING*: Doing `make clean` in an arbitrary directory of the source +> tree, may remove files needed for bootstrapping the build. +> +> Doing `./otp_build save_bootstrap` from the `$ERL_TOP` directory before +> doing `make clean` will ensure that it will be possible to build after +> doing `make clean`. `./otp_build save_bootstrap` will be invoked +> automatically when `make` is invoked from `$ERL_TOP` with either the +> `clean` target, or the default target. It is also automatically invoked +> if `./otp_build remove_prebuilt_files` is invoked. + +### Building in Git ### + +When building in a Git working directory you also have to have a GNU `autoconf` +of at least version 2.59 on your system, because you need to generate the +`configure` scripts before you can start building. + +The `configure` scripts are generated by invoking `./otp_build autoconf` in +the `$ERL_TOP` directory. The `configure` scripts also have to be regenerated +when a `configure.in` or `aclocal.m4` file has been modified. Note that when +checking out a branch a `configure.in` or `aclocal.m4` file may change +content, and you may therefore have to regenerate the `configure` scripts +when checking out a branch. Regenerated `configure` scripts imply that you +have to run `configure` and build again. + +> *NOTE*: Running `./otp_build autoconf` is **not** needed when building +> an unmodified version of the released source. + +Other useful information can be found at our github wiki: +<http://wiki.github.com/erlang/otp> + +### make and $ERL\_TOP ### + +All the makefiles in the entire directory tree use the environment +variable `ERL_TOP` to find the absolute path of the installation. The +`configure` script will figure this out and set it in the top level +Makefile (which, when building, it will pass on). However, when +developing it is sometimes convenient to be able to run make in a +subdirectory. To do this you must set the `ERL_TOP` variable +before you run make. + +For example, assume your GNU make program is called `make` and you +want to rebuild the application `STDLIB`, then you could do: + + $ cd lib/stdlib; env ERL_TOP=<Dir> make + +where `<Dir>` would be what you find `ERL_TOP` is set to in the top level +Makefile. + +The Erlang/OTP Documentation +---------------------------- + +### How to Build the Documentation ### + + $ cd $ERL_TOP + +If you have just built Erlang/OTP in the current source tree, you have +already ran `configure` and do not need to do this again; otherwise, run +`configure`. + + $ ./configure [Configure Args] + +When building the documentation you need a full Erlang/OTP-%OTP-REL% system in +the `$PATH`. + + $ export PATH=<Erlang/OTP-%OTP-REL% bin dir>:$PATH # Assuming bash/sh + +Build the documentation. + + $ make docs + +The documentation can be installed either using the `install-docs` target, +or using the `release_docs` target. + +* If you have installed Erlang/OTP using the `install` target, install + the documentation using the `install-docs` target. Install locations + determined by `configure` will be used. `$DESTDIR` can be used the + same way as when doing `make install`. + + $ make install-docs + +* If you have installed Erlang/OTP using the `release` target, install + the documentation using the `release_docs` target. You typically want + to use the same `RELEASE_ROOT` as when invoking `make release`. + + $ make release_docs RELEASE_ROOT=<release dir> + +#### Build Issues #### + +We have sometimes experienced problems with Sun's `java` running out of +memory when running `fop`. Increasing the amount of memory available +as follows has in our case solved the problem. + + $ export FOP_OPTS="-Xmx<Installed amount of RAM in MB>m" + +More information can be found at +<http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/0.95/running.html#memory>. + +### How to Install the Pre-formatted Documentation ### + +Pre-formatted [html documentation][] and [man pages][] can be downloaded at +<http://www.erlang.org/download.html>. + +For some graphical tools to find the on-line help you have to install +the HTML documentation on top of the installed OTP applications, i.e. + + $ cd <ReleaseDir> + $ gunzip -c otp_html_%OTP-REL%.tar.gz | tar xf - + +For `erl -man <page>` to work the Unix manual pages have to be +installed in the same way, i.e. + + $ cd <ReleaseDir> + $ gunzip -c otp_man_%OTP-REL%.tar.gz | tar xf - + +Where `<ReleaseDir>` is + +* `<PrefixDir>/lib/erlang` if you have installed Erlang/OTP using + `make install`. +* `$DESTDIR<PrefixDir>/lib/erlang` if you have installed Erlang/OTP + using `make install DESTDIR=<TmpInstallDir>`. +* `RELEASE_ROOT` if you have installed using + `make release RELEASE_ROOT=<ReleaseDir>`. + +Support for SMP (Symmetric Multi Processing) +-------------------------------------------- + +An emulator with SMP support will be built by default on most platforms +if a usable POSIX thread library or native Windows threads is found. + +You can force building of an SMP emulator, by using +`./configure --enable-smp-support`. However, if configure does not +automatically enable SMP support, the build is very likely to fail. + +Use `./configure --disable-smp-support` if you for some reason do not +want to have the emulator with SMP support built. + +If SMP support is enabled, support for threaded I/O will also be turned on +(also in the emulator without SMP support). + +The `erl` command will automatically start the SMP emulator if the +computer has more than one logical processor. You can force a start +of the emulator with SMP support by passing `-smp enable` as +command line arguments to erl, and you can force a start of the +emulator without SMP support by passing `-smp disable`. + +GS (Graphic System) +------------------- + +GS now Tcl/Tk 8.4. It will be searched for when starting GS. + +Using HiPE +---------- + +HiPE supports the following system configurations: + +* x86: All 32-bit and 64-bit mode processors should work. + + * Linux: Fedora Core is supported. Both 32-bit and 64-bit modes are + supported. + + NPTL glibc is strongly preferred, or a LinuxThreads + glibc configured for "floating stacks". Old non-floating + stacks glibcs have a fundamental problem that makes HiPE + support and threads support mutually exclusive. + + * Solaris: Solaris 10 (32-bit and 64-bit) and 9 (32-bit) are supported. + The build requires a version of the GNU C compiler (gcc) + that has been configured to use the GNU assembler (gas). + Sun's x86 assembler is emphatically **not** supported. + + * FreeBSD: FreeBSD 6.1 and 6.2 in 32-bit and 64-bit modes should work. + + * MacOSX/Darwin: Darwin 9.8.0 in 32-bit mode should work. + +* PowerPC: All 32-bit 6xx/7xx(G3)/74xx(G4) processors should work. 32-bit + mode on 970 (G5) and POWER5 processors should work. + + * Linux (Yellow Dog) and Mac OSX 10.4 are supported. + +* SPARC: All UltraSPARC processors running 32-bit user code should work. + + * Solaris 9 is supported. The build requires a `gcc` that has been + configured to use Sun's assembler and linker. Using the GNU assembler + but Sun's linker has been known to cause problems. + + * Linux (Aurora) is supported. + +* ARM: ARMv5TE (i.e. XScale) processors should work. Both big-endian and + little-endian modes are supported. + + * Linux is supported. + +HiPE is automatically enabled on the following systems: + +* x86 in 32-bit mode: Linux, Solaris, FreeBSD +* x86 in 64-bit mode: Linux, Solaris, FreeBSD +* PowerPC: Linux, MacOSX +* SPARC: Linux +* ARM: Linux + +On other supported systems you need to `./configure --enable-hipe`. + +If you are running on a platform supporting HiPE and if you have not disabled +HiPE, you can compile a module into native code like this from the Erlang +shell: + + 1> c(Module, native). + +or + + 1> c(Module, [native|OtherOptions]). + +Using the erlc program, write like this: + + $ erlc +native Module.erl + +The native code will be placed into the beam file and automatically loaded +when the beam file is loaded. + +To add hipe options, write like this from the Erlang shell: + + 1> c(Module, [native,{hipe,HipeOptions}|MoreOptions]). + +Use `hipe:help_options/0` to print out the available options. + + 1> hipe:help_options(). + +Mac OS X (Darwin) +----------------- + +Make sure that the command `hostname` returns a valid fully qualified host +name (this is configured in `/etc/hostconfig`). + +If you develop linked-in drivers (shared library) you need to link using +`gcc` and the flags `-bundle -flat_namespace -undefined suppress`. You also +include `-fno-common` in `CFLAGS` when compiling. Use `.so` as the library +suffix. + +Use the `--enable-darwin-64bit` configure flag to build a 64-bit +binaries on Mac OS X. + +Building universal binaries on Mac OS X (obsolete information) +-------------------------------------------------------------- + +(This information was written when Mac OS X Leopard was the current +release. It may no longer work.) + +Universal 32bit binaries can be built on an Intel Mac using the +`--enable-darwin-universal` configure option. There still may occur +problems with certain applications using this option, but the base +system should run smoothly. + +When building universal binaries on a PowerPC Mac (at least on Tiger), +you must point out a suitable SDK that contains universal binaries. +For instance, to build universal binaries for Tiger (10.4): + + $ CFLAGS="-isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk" \ + LDFLAGS="-isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk" \ + ./configure --enable-darwin-universal + +Also, if you run Leopard, but want to build for Tiger, you must do by +setting the `MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET` environmental variable. + + $ export MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.4 + +Experimental support for 64bit x86 darwin binaries can be enabled +using the `--enable-darwin-64bit` configure flag. The 64bit binaries are +best built and run on Leopard, but most of the system also works on +Tiger (Tiger's 64bit libraries are, however, limited; therefore e.g. `odbc`, +`crypto`, `ssl` etc. are not supported in Tiger). 64bit PPC binaries are not +supported and we have no plans to add such support (no machines to +test on). + +Universal binaries and 64bit binaries are mutually exclusive options. + +Building a fast Erlang VM on Mac OS Lion +---------------------------------------- + +Starting with Xcode 4.2, Apple no longer includes a "real" `gcc` +compiler (not based on the LLVM). Building with `llvm-gcc` or `clang` +will work, but the performance of the Erlang run-time system will not +be the best possible. + +Note that if you have `gcc-4.2` installed and included in `PATH` +(from a previous version of Xcode), `configure` will automatically +make sure that `gcc-4.2` will be used to compile `beam_emu.c` +(the source file most in need of `gcc`). + +If you don't have `gcc-4.2.` and want to build a run-time system with +the best possible performance, do like this: + +Install Xcode from the AppStore if it is not already installed. + +If you have Xcode 4.3, or later, you will also need to download +"Command Line Tools" via the Downloads preference pane in Xcode. + +Some tools may still be lacking or out-of-date, we recommend using +[Homebrew](https://github.com/mxcl/homebrew/wiki/installation) or +Macports to update those tools. + +Install MacPorts (<http://www.macports.org/>). Then: + + $ sudo port selfupdate + $ sudo port install gcc45 +universal + +### Building with wxErlang ### + +If you want to build the `wx` application, you will need to get wxMac-2.8.12 +(`wxMac-2.8.12.tar.gz` from +<http://sourceforge.net/projects/wxwindows/files/2.8.12/>) and install it. + +Export the path for MacOSX10.6.sdk: + + $ export SDK=/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk + +In Xcode 4.3 the path has changed so use the following instead, + + $ export SDK=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk + +Then configure and build wxMac: + + $ arch_flags="-arch i386" ./configure CFLAGS="$arch_flags" CXXFLAGS="$arch_flags" CPPFLAGS="$arch_flags" LDFLAGS="$arch_flags" OBJCFLAGS="$arch_flags" OBJCXXFLAGS="$arch_flags" --prefix=/usr/local --with-macosx-sdk="$SDK" --with-macosx-version-min=10.6 --enable-unicode --with-opengl --disable-shared + $ make + $ sudo make install + +To link wx properly you will also need to build and install `wxStyledTextCtrl`: + + $ cd contrib/src/stc + $ make + $ sudo make install + +### Finish up ### + +Build Erlang with the MacPorts GCC as the main compiler (using `clang` +for the Objective-C Cocoa code in the `wx` application): + + $ PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH CC=/opt/local/bin/gcc-mp-4.5 CXX=/opt/local/bin/g++-mp-4.5 ./configure --enable-m32-build make + $ sudo make install + + +How to Build a Debug Enabled Erlang RunTime System +-------------------------------------------------- + +After completing all the normal building steps described above a debug +enabled runtime system can be built. To do this you have to change +directory to `$ERL_TOP/erts/emulator`. + +In this directory execute: + + $ make debug FLAVOR=$FLAVOR + +where `$FLAVOR` is either `plain` or `smp`. The flavor options will +produce a beam.debug and beam.smp.debug executable respectively. The +files are installed along side with the normal (opt) versions `beam.smp` +and `beam`. + +To start the debug enabled runtime system execute: + + $ $ERL_TOP/bin/cerl -debug + +The debug enabled runtime system features lock violation checking, +assert checking and various sanity checks to help a developer ensure +correctness. Some of these features can be enabled on a normal beam +using appropriate configure options. + +There are other types of runtime systems that can be built as well +using the similar steps just described. + + $ make $TYPE FLAVOR=$FLAVOR + +where `$TYPE` is `opt`, `gcov`, `gprof`, `debug`, `valgrind`, or `lcnt`. +These different beam types are useful for debugging and profiling +purposes. + +Authors +------- + +Authors are mostly listed in the application's `AUTHORS` files, +that is `$ERL_TOP/lib/*/AUTHORS` and `$ERL_TOP/erts/AUTHORS`, +not in the individual source files. + +Copyright and License +--------------------- + +%CopyrightBegin% + +Copyright Ericsson AB 1998-2012. All Rights Reserved. + +The contents of this file are subject to the Erlang Public License, +Version 1.1, (the "License"); you may not use this file except in +compliance with the License. You should have received a copy of the +Erlang Public License along with this software. If not, it can be +retrieved online at http://www.erlang.org/. + +Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" +basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See +the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations +under the License. + +%CopyrightEnd% + +More Information +---------------- + +More information can be found at <http://www.erlang.org>. + +Modifying This Document +----------------------- + +Before modifying this document you need to have a look at the +[$ERL_TOP/HOWTO/MARKDOWN.md][] document. + + + + [$ERL_TOP/HOWTO/INSTALL-CROSS.md]: INSTALL-CROSS.md + [$ERL_TOP/HOWTO/INSTALL-WIN32.md]: INSTALL-WIN32.md + [DESTDIR]: http://www.gnu.org/prep/standards/html_node/DESTDIR.html + [Building in Git]: #How-to-Build-and-Install-ErlangOTP_Building-in-Git + [Pre-built Source Release]: #How-to-Build-and-Install-ErlangOTP_Prebuilt-Source-Release + [make and $ERL_TOP]: #How-to-Build-and-Install-ErlangOTP_make-and-ERLTOP + [html documentation]: http://www.erlang.org/download/otp_doc_html_%OTP-REL%.tar.gz + [man pages]: http://www.erlang.org/download/otp_doc_man_%OTP-REL%.tar.gz + [the released source tar ball]: http://www.erlang.org/download/otp_src_%OTP-REL%.tar.gz + [$ERL_TOP/HOWTO/MARKDOWN.md]: MARKDOWN.md + + [?TOC]: true |