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diff --git a/HOWTO/INSTALL-RASPBERRYPI3.md b/HOWTO/INSTALL-RASPBERRYPI3.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..536d095cb4 --- /dev/null +++ b/HOWTO/INSTALL-RASPBERRYPI3.md @@ -0,0 +1,323 @@ +# Cross Compiling Erlang/OTP - Raspberry Pi 3 + + +## Introduction + +This document describes how to build a toolchain and cross compile Erlang/OTP +to Raspberry Pi 3 on macOS High Sierra. It is recommended to consult +[Building and Installing Erlang/OTP](https://github.com/erlang/otp/blob/master/HOWTO/INSTALL.md) and [Cross Compiling Erlang/OTP](https://github.com/erlang/otp/blob/master/HOWTO/INSTALL-CROSS.md) before attempting to follow the instructions in this guide. + +The whole process takes several hours and depending on the package versions different problems may arise that require additional +fixes not described in this document. In other words, it is not fun to build a toolchain. I assume that you have a Mac and would +like to develop Erlang/OTP applications based on the latest OTP release (or master) that not yet released as a binary for +Raspberry Pi 3. + +The first and most time consuming step is building the toolchain from scratch. Once your cross compiler is ready you cross compile +all library dependencies and create the sysroot file system. In the last step you cross compile Erlang/OTP using the new +toolchain and sysroot. + +#### Tested Configuration + +macOS High Sierra 10.13.2<br> +Raspberry Pi Model B Rev 1.2<br> +Crosstools-NG 1.23.0_1 + +> Note: /proc/device/tree/model contains model information of your +> Raspberry Pi. + + +#### Install Crosstool NG + + (1) + + $ brew install crosstool-ng + $ brew install grep --default-names # needed by crosstools-ng scripts + $ brew install md5sha1sum # needed by crosstools-ng populate script + + +#### Create case-sensitive disk images + + (2) + +Create two case-sensitive disk images using Disk Utility: + +`File -> New Image -> Blank Image...` + +Format: `Mac OS Extended (Case-sensitive, Journaled)` + +``` +/Volumes/xtools-build-env 15 GB +/Volumes/xtools 500 MB +``` + +The first image holds all source and object files while building the toolchain. The second image houses the compiled +toolchain. + +## Building the Toolchain + + +#### Configure crosstool-ng + + (4) + + $ ct-ng armv8-rpi3-linux-gnueabihf + $ ct-ng menuconfig + +#### Modify *path* section + +* Local tarballs directory: `/Volumes/xtools-build-env/src` +* Working directory: `/Volumes/xtools-build-env/.build` +* Prefix directory: `/Volumes/xtools/${CT_TARGET}` + +#### Modify *Extracting* section + +* Check option: _Stop after extracting tarballs_. + +> Note: The build shall stop after the tarballs have been extracted to give us time to fix source code problems. + +#### Enable STOP / RESTART + +Edit /Volumes/xtools-build-env/.config + `CT_DEBUG_CT_SAVE_STEPS=y` + +Should the build break at a particular build step, you can fix the problem and continue the build from where it broke. + +Short summary of the most common `ct-ng` commands: + +* Listing all build steps + +``` + $ ct-ng list-steps + + Available build steps, in order: + - companion_tools_for_build + - companion_libs_for_build + - binutils_for_build + - companion_tools_for_host + - companion_libs_for_host + - binutils_for_host + - cc_core_pass_1 + - kernel_headers + - libc_start_files + - cc_core_pass_2 + - libc + - cc_for_build + - cc_for_host + - libc_post_cc + - companion_libs_for_target + - binutils_for_target + - debug + - test_suite + - finish +``` + +* Re-run step +``` + $ ct-ng step +``` + +* Restart from step +``` + $ ct-ng step+ +``` + +* Run until step +``` + $ ct-ng +step +``` + +#### Fix file permissions on crosstool-NG.sh + + (5) + + $ chmod 744 /usr/local/Cellar/crosstool-ng/1.23.0_1/lib/crosstool-ng-1.23.0/scripts/crosstool-NG.sh + +#### Run build command + +Build process stops just after the tarballs have been extracted. + + (6) + + $ ct-ng build + + Retrieving needed toolchain components' tarballs + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'make-4.2.1' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'm4-1.4.18' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'linux-4.10.8' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'gmp-6.1.2' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'mpfr-3.1.5' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'isl-0.16.1' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'mpc-1.0.3' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'expat-2.2.0' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'ncurses-6.0' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'libiconv-1.15' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'gettext-0.19.8.1' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'binutils-2.28' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'gcc-6.3.0' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'glibc-2.25' + [EXTRA] Retrieving 'gdb-7.12.1' + +#### Fix source files + + (7) + +Add macro to /Volumes/xtools-build-env/.build/src/gdb-7.12.1/gdb/doublest.c: +```C +#define min(a,b) \ + ({ typeof (a) _a = (a); \ + typeof (b) _b = (b); \ + _a < _b ? _a : _b; }) +``` + + (8) Update ulimit + + $ ulimit -n 1024 + +#### Modify *extract* section + + (8) + + $ ct-ng menuconfig + + Uncheck option: _Stop after extracting tarballs_ + +#### Re-run build command + +Restarts build process from where it previously stopped. + + (9) + + $ ct-ng build + +#### Fix gettext + +Build will fail at step `companion_tools_for_build` but it can be fixed by running autoreconf: + + (10) + + $ cd .build/src/gettext-0.19.8.1/ + $ ./autoreconf + $ ct-ng companion_tools_for_build+ + +#### Test the toolchain + + (11) + + $ cat > test.c + $ int main() { printf("Hello, world!\n"); return 0; } + $ /Volumes/xtools/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi-gcc -o test test.c + + (12) OPTIONAL + + “Render the toolchain read-only” from crosstool-NG’s “Paths and misc options” configuration page. + + +## Cross compiling dependencies + + (13) + + $ export PATH=/Volumes/xtools/armv8-rpi3-linux-gnueabihf/bin:$PATH + +#### Cross compiling zlib + + (14) + + $ wget http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz + $ tar xf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz + $ cd zlib-1.2.11 + $ CHOST=armv8-rpi3-linux-gnueabihf ./configure --prefix=/Users/<username>/git/raspberrypi/arm + $ make + $ make install + +#### Cross compiling openssl + + (15) + + $ wget http://openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.0g.tar.gz + $ tar xf openssl-1.1.0g.tar.gz + $ cd openssl-1.1.0g + $ ./Configure linux-generic32 --prefix=/Users/<username>/git/raspberrypi/arm --openssldir=/Users/<username>/git/raspberrypi/arm/openssl --cross-compile-prefix=armv8-rpi3-linux-gnueabihf + $ make + $ make install + +#### Cross compiling ncurses + + (16) + + $ wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/ncurses/ncurses-5.9.tar.gz + + + (17) + +Apply patch: + +```patch +--- a/ncurses/base/MKlib_gen.sh ++++ b/ncurses/base/MKlib_gen.sh +@@ -474,11 +474,22 @@ sed -n -f $ED1 \ + -e 's/gen_$//' \ + -e 's/ / /g' >>$TMP + ++cat >$ED1 <<EOF ++s/ / /g ++s/^ // ++s/ $// ++s/P_NCURSES_BOOL/NCURSES_BOOL/g ++EOF ++ ++# A patch discussed here: ++# https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-patches/2014-06/msg02185.html ++# introduces spurious #line markers. Work around that by ignoring the system's ++# attempt to define "bool" and using our own symbol here. ++sed -e 's/bool/P_NCURSES_BOOL/g' $TMP > $ED2 ++cat $ED2 >$TMP ++ + $preprocessor $TMP 2>/dev/null \ +-| sed \ +- -e 's/ / /g' \ +- -e 's/^ //' \ +- -e 's/_Bool/NCURSES_BOOL/g' \ ++| sed -f $ED1 \ + | $AWK -f $AW2 \ + | sed -f $ED3 \ + | sed \ +``` + + (18) + + $ ./configure --build=x86_64-apple-darwin17.3.0 --host=armv8-rpi3-linux-gnueabihf --without-ada --without-cxx --without-cxx-binding --without-manpages --without-progs --without-tests --prefix=/usr --libdir=/lib --with-build-cc="gcc -D_GNU_SOURCE" --with-shared + $ make + $ make DESTDIR=/Users/<username>/git/raspberrypi/arm install + + (19) + +Compile ncurses test program: + + $ cd test + $ armv8-rpi3-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -o nctest ncurses.c -I${RPI_SYSROOT}/usr/include -L${RPI_SYSROOT}/lib -lncursesw + + +## Populating sysroot + + (19) + + Edit /Volumes/xtools/armv8-rpi3-linux-gnueabihf/bin/armv8-rpi3-linux-gnueabihf-populate: + + sed="gsed" + + (20) + + $ armv8-rpi3-linux-gnueabihf-populate -s /Users/<username>/git/raspberrypi/arm -d /Users/<username>/git/raspberrypi/sysroot + $ export RPI_SYSROOT=/Users/<username>/git/raspberrypi/sysroot + + +## Cross compiling Erlang/OTP + + (21) + + $ LC_CTYPE=C && LANG=C && ./otp_build autoconf + $ ./otp_build configure --disable-dynamic-ssl-lib --xcomp-conf=./xcomp/erl-xcomp-armv8-rpi3-linux-gnueabihf.conf + $ ./otp_build boot -a + $ ./otp_build release -a /Users/<username>/git/raspberrypi/erlang + $ tar czf erlang.tgz ./erlang + |