diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'erts/doc')
| -rw-r--r-- | erts/doc/src/erl.xml | 36 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | erts/doc/src/erl_nif.xml | 410 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | erts/doc/src/erlang.xml | 55 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | erts/doc/src/match_spec.xml | 52 |
4 files changed, 414 insertions, 139 deletions
diff --git a/erts/doc/src/erl.xml b/erts/doc/src/erl.xml index bb741c7836..df80142ce1 100644 --- a/erts/doc/src/erl.xml +++ b/erts/doc/src/erl.xml @@ -41,6 +41,26 @@ to scroll back to text which has scrolled off the screen. The <c><![CDATA[erl]]></c> program must be used, however, in pipelines or if you want to redirect standard input or output.</p> + <note><p>As of ERTS version 5.8 (OTP-R14A) the runtime system will by + default bind schedulers to logical processors using the + <c>default_bind</c> bind type if the amount of schedulers are + at least equal to the amount of logical processors configured, + binding of schedulers is supported, and a CPU topology is + available at startup. + </p><p> + If the Erlang runtime system is the only operating system + process that binds threads to logical processors, this + improves the performance of the runtime system. However, + if other operating system processes (as for example + another Erlang runtime system) also bind threads to + logical processors, there might be a performance penalty + instead. If this is the case you, are are advised to + unbind the schedulers using the + <seealso marker="#+sbt">+sbtu</seealso> command line argument, + or by invoking + <seealso marker="erlang#system_flag_scheduler_bind_type">erlang:system_flag(scheduler_bind_type, + unbound)</seealso>.</p> + </note> </description> <funcs> <func> @@ -657,6 +677,22 @@ that the <c>+sct</c> flag may have to be passed before the <c>+sbt</c> flag on the command line (in case no CPU topology has been automatically detected).</p> + <p>The runtime system will by default bind schedulers to logical + processors using the <c>default_bind</c> bind type if the amount + of schedulers are at least equal to the amount of logical + processors configured, binding of schedulers is supported, + and a CPU topology is available at startup. + </p> + <p><em>NOTE:</em> If the Erlang runtime system is the only operating + system process that binds threads to logical processors, this + improves the performance of the runtime system. However, if other + operating system processes (as for example another Erlang runtime + system) also bind threads to logical processors, there might be a + performance penalty instead. If this is the case you, are advised + to unbind the schedulers using the <c>+sbtu</c> command line + argument, or by invoking + <seealso marker="erlang#system_flag_scheduler_bind_type">erlang:system_flag(scheduler_bind_type, + unbound)</seealso>.</p> <p>For more information, see <seealso marker="erlang#system_flag_scheduler_bind_type">erlang:system_flag(scheduler_bind_type, SchedulerBindType)</seealso>. </p> diff --git a/erts/doc/src/erl_nif.xml b/erts/doc/src/erl_nif.xml index 03bd42d3b1..f7b7b2f346 100644 --- a/erts/doc/src/erl_nif.xml +++ b/erts/doc/src/erl_nif.xml @@ -38,6 +38,18 @@ EXPERIMENTAL feature. The interfaces may be changed in any way in coming releases. The plan is however to lift the experimental label and maintain interface backward compatibility from R14B.</p> + <p>Incompatible changes in <em>R14A</em>:</p> + <list> + <item>Environment argument removed for <c>enif_alloc</c>, + <c>enif_realloc</c>, <c>enif_free</c>, <c>enif_alloc_binary</c>, + <c>enif_realloc_binary</c>, <c>enif_release_binary</c>, + <c>enif_alloc_resource</c>, <c>enif_release_resource</c>, + <c>enif_is_identical</c> and <c>enif_compare</c>.</item> + <item>Character encoding argument added to <c>enif_get_atom</c> + and <c>enif_make_existing_atom</c>.</item> + <item>Module argument added to <c>enif_open_resource_type</c> + while changing name spaces of resource types from global to module local.</item> + </list> <p>Incompatible changes in <em>R13B04</em>:</p> <list> <item>The function prototypes of the NIFs have changed to expect <c>argc</c> and <c>argv</c> @@ -109,9 +121,9 @@ ok the new directive <seealso marker="doc/reference_manual:code_loading#on_load">on_load</seealso> to automatically load the NIF library when the module is loaded.</p> - <note><p>A NIF must be exported or used locally by the module (or both). - An unused local stub function will be optimized away by the compiler - causing loading of the NIF library to fail.</p> + <note><p>A NIF does not have to be exported, it can be local to the module. + Note however that unused local stub functions will be optimized + away by the compiler causing loading of the NIF library to fail.</p> </note> <p>A loaded NIF library is tied to the Erlang module code version that loaded it. If the module is upgraded with a new version, the @@ -122,7 +134,7 @@ ok will be shared as well. To avoid unintentionally shared static data, each Erlang module code can keep its own private data. This private data can be set when the NIF library is loaded and - then retrieved by calling <seealso marker="#enif_priv_data">enif_priv_data()</seealso>.</p> + then retrieved by calling <seealso marker="#enif_priv_data">enif_priv_data</seealso>.</p> <p>There is no way to explicitly unload a NIF library. A library will be automatically unloaded when the module code that it belongs to is purged by the code server. A NIF library will also be unloaded if it is replaced @@ -137,14 +149,20 @@ ok <taglist> <tag>Read and write Erlang terms</tag> <item><p>Any Erlang terms can be passed to a NIF as function arguments and - be returned as function return values. The terms are of C-type <c>ERL_NIF_TERM</c> + be returned as function return values. The terms are of C-type + <seealso marker="#ERL_NIF_TERM">ERL_NIF_TERM</seealso> and can only be read or written using API functions. Most functions to read the content of a term are prefixed <c>enif_get_</c> and usually return true (or false) if the term was of the expected type (or not). The functions to write terms are all prefixed <c>enif_make_</c> and usually return the created <c>ERL_NIF_TERM</c>. There are also some functions to query terms, like <c>enif_is_atom</c>, <c>enif_is_identical</c> and - <c>enif_compare</c>.</p></item> + <c>enif_compare</c>.</p> + <p>All terms of type <c>ERL_NIF_TERM</c> belong to an environment of type + <seealso marker="#ErlNifEnv">ErlNifEnv</seealso>. The lifetime of a term is + controlled by the lifetime of its environment object. All API functions that read + or write terms has the environment, that the term belongs to, as the first + function argument.</p></item> <tag>Binaries</tag> <item><p>Terms of type binary are accessed with the help of the struct type <seealso marker="#ErlNifBinary">ErlNifBinary</seealso> @@ -172,28 +190,29 @@ ok <item><p>The use of resource objects is a way to return pointers to native data structures from a NIF in a safe way. A resource object is just a block of memory allocated with - <seealso marker="#enif_alloc_resource">enif_alloc_resource()</seealso>. + <seealso marker="#enif_alloc_resource">enif_alloc_resource</seealso>. A handle ("safe pointer") to this memory block can then be returned to Erlang by the use of - <seealso marker="#enif_make_resource">enif_make_resource()</seealso>. + <seealso marker="#enif_make_resource">enif_make_resource</seealso>. The term returned by <c>enif_make_resource</c> is totally opaque in nature. It can be stored and passed between processses on the same node, but the only real end usage is to pass it back as argument to a NIF. - The NIF can then do <seealso marker="#enif_get_resource">enif_get_resource()</seealso> + The NIF can then do <seealso marker="#enif_get_resource">enif_get_resource</seealso> and get back a pointer to the memory block that is guaranteed to still be valid. A resource object will not be deallocated until the last handle term has been garbage collected by the VM and the resource has been - released with <seealso marker="#enif_release_resource">enif_release_resource()</seealso> + released with <seealso marker="#enif_release_resource">enif_release_resource</seealso> (not necessarily in that order).</p> <p>All resource objects are created as instances of some <em>resource type</em>. This makes resources from different modules to be distinguishable. A resource type is created by calling - <seealso marker="#enif_open_resource_type">enif_open_resource_type()</seealso> + <seealso marker="#enif_open_resource_type">enif_open_resource_type</seealso> when a library is loaded. Objects of that resource type can then later be allocated and <c>enif_get_resource</c> verifies that the resource is of the expected type. A resource type can have a user supplied destructor function that is automatically called when resources of that type are released (by either the garbage collector or <c>enif_release_resource</c>). Resource types - are uniquely identified by a supplied name string.</p> + are uniquely identified by a supplied name string and the name of the + implementing module.</p> <p>Resource types support upgrade in runtime by allowing a loaded NIF library to takeover an already existing resource type and thereby "inherit" all existing objects of that type. The destructor of the new @@ -208,7 +227,7 @@ ok <p/> <code type="none"> ERL_NIF_TERM term; - MyStruct* ptr = enif_alloc_resource(env, my_resource_type, sizeof(MyStruct)); + MyStruct* ptr = enif_alloc_resource(my_resource_type, sizeof(MyStruct)); /* initialize struct ... */ @@ -218,21 +237,31 @@ ok /* store 'ptr' in static variable, private data or other resource object */ } else { - enif_release_resource(env, obj); + enif_release_resource(obj); /* resource now only owned by "Erlang" */ } return term; } </code> - + <p>Another usage of resource objects is to create binary terms with + user defined memory management. + <seealso marker="#enif_make_resource_binary">enif_make_resource_binary</seealso> + will create a binary term that is connected to a resource object. The + destructor of the resource will be called when the binary is garbage + collected, at which time the binary data can be released. An example of + this can be a binary term consisting of data from a <c>mmap</c>'ed file. + The destructor can then do <c>munmap</c> to release the memory + region.</p> </item> <tag>Threads and concurrency</tag> <item><p>A NIF is thread-safe without any explicit synchronization as long as it acts as a pure function and only reads the supplied arguments. As soon as you write towards a shared state either through static variables or <seealso marker="#enif_priv_data">enif_priv_data</seealso> - you need to supply your own explicit synchronization. Resource objects - will also require synchronization if you treat them as mutable.</p> + you need to supply your own explicit synchronization. This includes terms + in process independent environments that are shared between threads. + Resource objects will also require synchronization if you treat them as + mutable.</p> <p>The library initialization callbacks <c>load</c>, <c>reload</c> and <c>upgrade</c> are all thread-safe even for shared state data.</p> <p>Avoid doing lengthy work in NIF calls as that may degrade the @@ -265,7 +294,7 @@ ok and there is no previously loaded library for this module.</p> <p><c>*priv_data</c> can be set to point to some private data that the library needs in order to keep a state between NIF - calls. <c>enif_priv_data()</c> will return this pointer. + calls. <c>enif_priv_data</c> will return this pointer. <c>*priv_data</c> will be initialized to NULL when <c>load</c> is called.</p> <p><c>load_info</c> is the second argument to <seealso @@ -317,19 +346,37 @@ ok <item> <p>Variables of type <c>ERL_NIF_TERM</c> can refer to any Erlang term. This is an opaque type and values of it can only by used either as - arguments to API functions or as return values from NIFs. A variable of - type <c>ERL_NIF_TERM</c> is only valid until the NIF call, where it was - obtained, returns.</p> + arguments to API functions or as return values from NIFs. All + <c>ERL_NIF_TERM</c>'s belong to an environment + (<seealso marker="#ErlNifEnv">ErlNifEnv</seealso>). A term can not be + destructed individually, it is valid until its environment is destructed.</p> </item> <tag><marker id="ErlNifEnv"/>ErlNifEnv</tag> <item> - <p><c>ErlNifEnv</c> contains information about the context in - which a NIF call is made. This pointer should not be - dereferenced in any way, but only passed on to API - functions. An <c>ErlNifEnv</c> pointer is only valid until - the function, where it was supplied as argument, - returns. It is thus useless and dangerous to store <c>ErlNifEnv</c> - pointers in between NIF calls.</p> + <p><c>ErlNifEnv</c> represents an environment that can host Erlang terms. + All terms in an environment are valid as long as the environment is valid. + <c>ErlNifEnv</c> is an opaque type and pointers to it can only be passed + on to API functions. There are two types of environments; process + bound and process independent.</p> + <p>A <em>process bound environment</em> is passed as the first argument to all NIFs. + All function arguments passed to a NIF will belong to that environment. + The return value from a NIF must also be a term belonging to the same + environment. + In addition a process bound environment contains transient information + about the calling Erlang process. The environment is only valid in the + thread where it was supplied as argument until the NIF returns. It is + thus useless and dangerous to store pointers to process bound + environments between NIF calls. </p> + <p>A <em>process independent environment</em> is created by calling + <seealso marker="#enif_alloc_env">enif_alloc_env</seealso>. It can be + used to store terms beteen NIF calls and to send terms with + <seealso marker="#enif_send">enif_send</seealso>. A process + independent environment with all its terms is valid until you explicitly + invalidates it with <seealso marker="#enif_free_env">enif_free_env</seealso> + or <c>enif_send</c>.</p> + <p>All elements of a list/tuple must belong to the same environment as the + list/tuple itself. Terms can be copied between environments with + <seealso marker="#enif_make_copy">enif_make_copy</seealso>.</p> </item> <tag><marker id="ErlNifFunc"/>ErlNifFunc</tag> <item> @@ -363,7 +410,18 @@ typedef struct { <p><c>ErlNifBinary</c> contains transient information about an inspected binary term. <c>data</c> is a pointer to a buffer of <c>size</c> bytes with the raw content of the binary.</p> + <p>Note that <c>ErlNifBinary</c> is a semi-opaque type and you are + only allowed to read fields <c>size</c> and <c>data</c>.</p> </item> + <tag><marker id="ErlNifPid"/>ErlNifPid</tag> + <item> + <p><c>ErlNifPid</c> is a process identifier (pid). In contrast to + pid terms (instances of <c>ERL_NIF_TERM</c>), <c>ErlNifPid</c>'s are self + contained and not bound to any + <seealso marker="#ErlNifEnv">environment</seealso>. <c>ErlNifPid</c> + is an opaque type.</p> + </item> + <tag><marker id="ErlNifResourceType"/>ErlNifResourceType</tag> <item> <p>Each instance of <c>ErlNifResourceType</c> represent a class of @@ -388,9 +446,9 @@ typedef enum { ERL_NIF_LATIN1 }ErlNifCharEncoding; </code> - <p>The character encoding used in strings. The only supported - encoding is currently <c>ERL_NIF_LATIN1</c> for iso-latin-1 - (8-bit ascii).</p> + <p>The character encoding used in strings and atoms. The only + supported encoding is currently <c>ERL_NIF_LATIN1</c> for + iso-latin-1 (8-bit ascii).</p> </item> <tag><marker id="ErlNifSysInfo"/>ErlNifSysInfo</tag> <item> @@ -407,24 +465,40 @@ typedef enum { <fsummary>Allocate dynamic memory.</fsummary> <desc><p>Allocate memory of <c>size</c> bytes. Return NULL if allocation failed.</p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_alloc_binary(ErlNifEnv* env, unsigned size, ErlNifBinary* bin)</nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_alloc_binary(size_t size, ErlNifBinary* bin)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Create a new binary.</fsummary> <desc><p>Allocate a new binary of size <c>size</c> bytes. Initialize the structure pointed to by <c>bin</c> to refer to the allocated binary. The binary must either be released by - <seealso marker="#enif_release_binary">enif_release_binary()</seealso> + <seealso marker="#enif_release_binary">enif_release_binary</seealso> or ownership transferred to an Erlang term with - <seealso marker="#enif_make_binary">enif_make_binary()</seealso>. + <seealso marker="#enif_make_binary">enif_make_binary</seealso>. An allocated (and owned) <c>ErlNifBinary</c> can be kept between NIF calls.</p> - <p>Return false if allocation failed.</p> + <p>Return true on success or false if allocation failed.</p> </desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>void*</ret><nametext>enif_alloc_resource(ErlNifEnv* env, ErlNifResourceType* type, unsigned size)</nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>ErlNifEnv*</ret><nametext>enif_alloc_env()</nametext></name> + <fsummary>Create a new environment</fsummary> + <desc><p>Allocate a new process independent environment. The environment can + be used to hold terms that is not bound to any process. Such terms can + later be copied to a process environment with + <seealso marker="#enif_make_copy">enif_make_copy</seealso> + or be sent to a process as a message with <seealso marker="#enif_send">enif_send</seealso>.</p> + <p>Return pointer to the new environment.</p> + </desc> + </func> + <func><name><ret>void*</ret><nametext>enif_alloc_resource(ErlNifResourceType* type, unsigned size)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Allocate a memory managed resource object</fsummary> <desc><p>Allocate a memory managed resource object of type <c>type</c> and size <c>size</c> bytes.</p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_compare(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM lhs, ERL_NIF_TERM rhs)</nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_clear_env(ErlNifEnv* env)</nametext></name> + <fsummary>Clear an environment for reuse.</fsummary> + <desc><p>Free all terms in an environment and clear it for reuse. The environment must + have been allocated with <seealso marker="#enif_alloc_env">enif_alloc_env</seealso>. + </p></desc> + </func> + <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_compare(ERL_NIF_TERM lhs, ERL_NIF_TERM rhs)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Compare two terms</fsummary> <desc><p>Return an integer less than, equal to, or greater than zero if <c>lhs</c> is found, respectively, to be less than, @@ -434,88 +508,98 @@ typedef enum { </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_cond_broadcast(ErlNifCond *cnd)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_cond_broadcast">erl_drv_cond_broadcast()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_cond_broadcast">erl_drv_cond_broadcast</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>ErlNifCond*</ret><nametext>enif_cond_create(char *name)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_cond_create">erl_drv_cond_create()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_cond_create">erl_drv_cond_create</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_cond_destroy(ErlNifCond *cnd)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_cond_destroy">erl_drv_cond_destroy()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_cond_destroy">erl_drv_cond_destroy</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_cond_signal(ErlNifCond *cnd)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_cond_signal">erl_drv_cond_signal()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_cond_signal">erl_drv_cond_signal</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_cond_wait(ErlNifCond *cnd, ErlNifMutex *mtx)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_cond_wait">erl_drv_cond_wait()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_cond_wait">erl_drv_cond_wait</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_equal_tids(ErlNifTid tid1, ErlNifTid tid2)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_equal_tids">erl_drv_equal_tids()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_equal_tids">erl_drv_equal_tids</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_free(ErlNifEnv* env, void* ptr)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Free dynamic memory</fsummary> <desc><p>Free memory allocated by <c>enif_alloc</c>.</p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_atom(ErlNifEnv* env, - ERL_NIF_TERM term, char* buf, unsigned size) - </nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_free_env(ErlNifEnv* env)</nametext></name> + <fsummary>Free an environment allocated with enif_alloc_env</fsummary> + <desc><p>Free an environment allocated with <seealso marker="#enif_alloc_env">enif_alloc_env</seealso>. + All terms created in the environment will be freed as well.</p></desc> + </func> + <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_atom(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term, char* buf, unsigned size, ErlNifCharEncoding encode)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Get the text representation of an atom term</fsummary> <desc><p>Write a null-terminated string, in the buffer pointed to by <c>buf</c> of size <c>size</c>, consisting of the string - representation of the atom <c>term</c>. Return the number of bytes - written (including terminating null character) or 0 if + representation of the atom <c>term</c> with encoding + <seealso marker="#ErlNifCharEncoding">encode</seealso>. Return + the number of bytes written (including terminating null character) or 0 if <c>term</c> is not an atom with maximum length of <c>size-1</c>.</p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_atom_length(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term, unsigned* len)</nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_atom_length(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term, unsigned* len, ErlNifCharEncoding encode)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Get the length of atom <c>term</c>.</fsummary> <desc><p>Set <c>*len</c> to the length (number of bytes excluding - terminating null character) of <c>term</c> or return false if - <c>term</c> is not an atom.</p></desc> + terminating null character) of the atom <c>term</c> with encoding + <c>encode</c>. Return true on success or false if <c>term</c> is not an + atom.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_double(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term, double* dp)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Read a floating-point number term.</fsummary> <desc><p>Set <c>*dp</c> to the floating point value of - <c>term</c> or return false if <c>term</c> is not a float.</p></desc> + <c>term</c>. Return true on success or false if <c>term</c> is not a float.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_int(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term, int* ip)</nametext></name> - <fsummary>Read an integer term.</fsummary> + <fsummary>Read an integer term</fsummary> <desc><p>Set <c>*ip</c> to the integer value of - <c>term</c> or return false if <c>term</c> is not an integer or is - outside the bounds of type <c>int</c></p></desc> + <c>term</c>. Return true on success or false if <c>term</c> is not an + integer or is outside the bounds of type <c>int</c></p></desc> + </func> + <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_local_pid(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term, ErlNifPid* pid)</nametext></name> + <fsummary>Read an local pid term</fsummary> + <desc><p>If <c>term</c> is the pid of a node local process, initialize the + pid variable <c>*pid</c> from it and return true. Otherwise return false. + No check if the process is alive is done.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_list_cell(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM list, ERL_NIF_TERM* head, ERL_NIF_TERM* tail)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Get head and tail from a list</fsummary> <desc><p>Set <c>*head</c> and <c>*tail</c> from - <c>list</c> or return false if <c>list</c> is not a non-empty - list.</p></desc> + <c>list</c> and return true, or return false if <c>list</c> is not a + non-empty list.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_list_length(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term, unsigned* len)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Get the length of list <c>term</c>.</fsummary> - <desc><p>Set <c>*len</c> to the length of <c>term</c> or return - false if <c>term</c> is not a list.</p></desc> + <desc><p>Set <c>*len</c> to the length of list <c>term</c> and return true, + or return false if <c>term</c> is not a list.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_long(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term, long int* ip)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Read an long integer term.</fsummary> - <desc><p>Set <c>*ip</c> to the long integer value of - <c>term</c> or return false if <c>term</c> is not an integer or is + <desc><p>Set <c>*ip</c> to the long integer value of <c>term</c> and + return true, or return false if <c>term</c> is not an integer or is outside the bounds of type <c>long int</c>.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_resource(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term, ErlNifResourceType* type, void** objp)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Get the pointer to a resource object</fsummary> - <desc><p>Set <c>*objp</c> to point to the resource object referred to by <c>term</c>. - The pointer is valid until the calling NIF returns and should not be released.</p> - <p>Return false if <c>term</c> is not a handle to a resource object + <desc><p>Set <c>*objp</c> to point to the resource object referred to by <c>term</c>.</p> + <p>Return true on success or false if <c>term</c> is not a handle to a resource object of type <c>type</c>.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_string(ErlNifEnv* env, @@ -540,27 +624,27 @@ typedef enum { <c>*arity</c> to the number of elements. Note that the array is read-only and <c>(*array)[N-1]</c> will be the Nth element of the tuple. <c>*array</c> is undefined if the arity of the tuple - is zero.</p><p>Return false if <c>term</c> is not a + is zero.</p><p>Return true on success or false if <c>term</c> is not a tuple.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_uint(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term, unsigned int* ip)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Read an unsigned integer term.</fsummary> - <desc><p>Set <c>*ip</c> to the unsigned integer value of - <c>term</c> or return false if <c>term</c> is not an unsigned integer or is - outside the bounds of type <c>unsigned int</c></p></desc> + <desc><p>Set <c>*ip</c> to the unsigned integer value of <c>term</c> and + return true, or return false if <c>term</c> is not an unsigned integer or + is outside the bounds of type <c>unsigned int</c>.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_get_ulong(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term, unsigned long* ip)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Read an unsigned integer term.</fsummary> - <desc><p>Set <c>*ip</c> to the unsigned long integer value of - <c>term</c> or return false if <c>term</c> is not an unsigned integer or is - outside the bounds of type <c>unsigned long</c></p></desc> + <desc><p>Set <c>*ip</c> to the unsigned long integer value of <c>term</c> + and return true, or return false if <c>term</c> is not an unsigned integer or is + outside the bounds of type <c>unsigned long</c>.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_inspect_binary(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM bin_term, ErlNifBinary* bin)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Inspect the content of a binary</fsummary> <desc><p>Initialize the structure pointed to by <c>bin</c> with information about the binary term - <c>bin_term</c>. Return false if <c>bin_term</c> is not a binary.</p></desc> + <c>bin_term</c>. Return true on success or false if <c>bin_term</c> is not a binary.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_inspect_iolist_as_binary(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term, ErlNifBinary* bin) @@ -569,7 +653,7 @@ typedef enum { <desc><p>Initialize the structure pointed to by <c>bin</c> with one continuous buffer with the same byte content as <c>iolist</c>. As with inspect_binary, the data pointed to by <c>bin</c> is transient and does - not need to be released. Return false if <c>iolist</c> is not an + not need to be released. Return true on success or false if <c>iolist</c> is not an iolist.</p> </desc> </func> @@ -589,7 +673,7 @@ typedef enum { <fsummary>Determine if a term is a fun</fsummary> <desc><p>Return true if <c>term</c> is a fun.</p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_is_identical(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM lhs, ERL_NIF_TERM rhs)</nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_is_identical(ERL_NIF_TERM lhs, ERL_NIF_TERM rhs)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Erlang operator =:=</fsummary> <desc><p>Return true if the two terms are identical. Corresponds to the Erlang operators <c>=:=</c> and @@ -603,7 +687,6 @@ typedef enum { <fsummary>Determine if a term is a port</fsummary> <desc><p>Return true if <c>term</c> is a port.</p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_is_ref(ErlNifEnv* env, ERL_NIF_TERM term)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Determine if a term is a reference</fsummary> <desc><p>Return true if <c>term</c> is a reference.</p></desc> @@ -616,16 +699,23 @@ typedef enum { <fsummary>Determine if a term is a list</fsummary> <desc><p>Return true if <c>term</c> is a list.</p></desc> </func> + <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_keep_resource(void* obj)</nametext></name> + <fsummary>Add a reference to a resource object</fsummary> + <desc><p>Add a reference to resource object <c>obj</c> obtained from + <seealso marker="#enif_alloc_resource">enif_alloc_resource</seealso>. + Each call to <c>enif_keep_resource</c> for an object must be balanced by + a call to <seealso marker="#enif_release_resource">enif_release_resource</seealso> + before the object will be destructed.</p></desc> + </func> <func><name><ret>ERL_NIF_TERM</ret><nametext>enif_make_atom(ErlNifEnv* env, const char* name)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Create an atom term</fsummary> - <desc><p>Create an atom term from the null-terminated C-string <c>name</c>. - Unlike other terms, atom terms may be saved and used between NIF calls.</p></desc> + <desc><p>Create an atom term from the null-terminated C-string <c>name</c> + with iso-latin-1 encoding.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>ERL_NIF_TERM</ret><nametext>enif_make_atom_len(ErlNifEnv* env, const char* name, size_t len)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Create an atom term</fsummary> <desc><p>Create an atom term from the string <c>name</c> with length <c>len</c>. - Null-characters are treated as any other characters. - Unlike other terms, atom terms may be saved and used between NIF calls.</p></desc> + Null-characters are treated as any other characters.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>ERL_NIF_TERM</ret><nametext>enif_make_badarg(ErlNifEnv* env)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Make a badarg exception.</fsummary> @@ -638,22 +728,30 @@ typedef enum { <c>bin</c> should be considered read-only for the rest of the NIF call and then as released.</p></desc> </func> + <func><name><ret>ERL_NIF_TERM</ret><nametext>enif_make_copy(ErlNifEnv* dst_env, ERL_NIF_TERM src_term)</nametext></name> + <fsummary>Make a copy of a term.</fsummary> + <desc><p>Make a copy of term <c>src_term</c>. The copy will be created in + environment <c>dst_env</c>. The source term may be located in any + environment.</p></desc> + </func> <func><name><ret>ERL_NIF_TERM</ret><nametext>enif_make_double(ErlNifEnv* env, double d)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Create a floating-point term</fsummary> <desc><p>Create a floating-point term from a <c>double</c>.</p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_make_existing_atom(ErlNifEnv* env, const char* name, ERL_NIF_TERM* atom)</nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_make_existing_atom(ErlNifEnv* env, const char* name, ERL_NIF_TERM* atom, ErlNifCharEncoding encode)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Create an existing atom term</fsummary> <desc><p>Try to create the term of an already existing atom from - the null-terminated C-string <c>name</c>. If the atom already exists store the - term in <c>*atom</c> and return true, otherwise return - false.</p></desc> + the null-terminated C-string <c>name</c> with encoding + <seealso marker="#ErlNifCharEncoding">encode</seealso>. If the atom + already exists store the term in <c>*atom</c> and return true, otherwise + return false.</p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_make_existing_atom_len(ErlNifEnv* env, const char* name, size_t len, ERL_NIF_TERM* atom)</nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_make_existing_atom_len(ErlNifEnv* env, const char* name, size_t len, ERL_NIF_TERM* atom, ErlNifCharEncoding encoding)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Create an existing atom term</fsummary> <desc><p>Try to create the term of an already existing atom from the - string <c>name</c> with length <c>len</c>. Null-characters are treated - as any other characters. If the atom already exists store the term + string <c>name</c> with length <c>len</c> and encoding + <seealso marker="#ErlNifCharEncoding">encode</seealso>. Null-characters + are treated as any other characters. If the atom already exists store the term in <c>*atom</c> and return true, otherwise return false.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>ERL_NIF_TERM</ret><nametext>enif_make_int(ErlNifEnv* env, int i)</nametext></name> @@ -694,7 +792,7 @@ typedef enum { <fsummary>Create an integer term from a long int</fsummary> <desc><p>Create an integer term from a <c>long int</c>.</p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>unsigned char*</ret><nametext>enif_make_new_binary(ErlNifEnv* env, unsigned size, ERL_NIF_TERM* termp)</nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>unsigned char*</ret><nametext>enif_make_new_binary(ErlNifEnv* env, size_t size, ERL_NIF_TERM* termp)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Allocate and create a new binary term</fsummary> <desc><p>Allocate a binary of size <c>size</c> bytes and create an owning term. The binary data is mutable until the calling NIF returns. This is a @@ -704,6 +802,10 @@ typedef enum { reallocated.</p><p>Return a pointer to the raw binary data and set <c>*termp</c> to the binary term.</p></desc> </func> + <func><name><ret>ERL_NIF_TERM</ret><nametext>enif_make_pid(ErlNifEnv* env, const ErlNifPid* pid)</nametext></name> + <fsummary>Make a pid term</fsummary> + <desc><p>Make a pid term from <c>*pid</c>.</p></desc> + </func> <func><name><ret>ERL_NIF_TERM</ret><nametext>enif_make_ref(ErlNifEnv* env)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Create a reference.</fsummary> <desc><p>Create a reference like <seealso marker="erlang#make_ref-0">erlang:make_ref/0</seealso>.</p></desc> @@ -719,6 +821,29 @@ typedef enum { same node. Other operations such as matching or <c>term_to_binary</c> will have unpredictable (but harmless) results.</p></desc> </func> + <func><name><ret>ERL_NIF_TERM</ret><nametext>enif_make_resource_binary(ErlNifEnv* env, void* obj, const void* data, size_t size)</nametext></name> + <fsummary>Create a custom binary term</fsummary> + <desc><p>Create a binary term that is memory managed by a resource object + <c>obj</c> obtained by <seealso marker="#enif_alloc_resource">enif_alloc_resource</seealso>. + The returned binary term will consist of <c>size</c> bytes pointed to + by <c>data</c>. This raw binary data must be kept readable and unchanged + until the destructor of the resource is called. The binary data may be + stored external to the resource object in which case it is the responsibility + of the destructor to release the data.</p> + <p>Several binary terms may be managed by the same resource object. The + destructor will not be called until the last binary is garbage collected. + This can be useful as a way to return different parts of a larger binary + buffer.</p> + <p>As with <seealso marker="#enif_make_resource">enif_make_resource</seealso>, + no ownership transfer is done. The resource still needs to be released with + <seealso marker="#enif_release_resource">enif_release_resource</seealso>.</p> + </desc> + </func> + <func><name><ret>ErlNifPid*</ret><nametext>enif_self(ErlNifEnv* caller_env, ErlNifPid* pid)</nametext></name> + <fsummary>Get the pid of the calling process.</fsummary> + <desc><p>Initialize the pid variable <c>*pid</c> to represent the + calling process. Return <c>pid</c>.</p></desc> + </func> <func><name><ret>ERL_NIF_TERM</ret><nametext>enif_make_string(ErlNifEnv* env, const char* string, ErlNifCharEncoding encoding)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Create a string.</fsummary> <desc><p>Create a list containing the characters of the @@ -731,7 +856,7 @@ typedef enum { Null-characters are treated as any other characters.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>ERL_NIF_TERM</ret><nametext>enif_make_sub_binary(ErlNifEnv* - env, ERL_NIF_TERM bin_term, unsigned pos, unsigned size)</nametext></name> + env, ERL_NIF_TERM bin_term, size_t pos, size_t size)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Make a subbinary term.</fsummary> <desc><p>Make a subbinary of binary <c>bin_term</c>, starting at zero-based position <c>pos</c> with a length of <c>size</c> bytes. @@ -775,30 +900,31 @@ typedef enum { </func> <func><name><ret>ErlNifMutex*</ret><nametext>enif_mutex_create(char *name)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_mutex_create">erl_drv_mutex_create()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_mutex_create">erl_drv_mutex_create</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_mutex_destroy(ErlNifMutex *mtx)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_mutex_destroy">erl_drv_mutex_destroy()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_mutex_destroy">erl_drv_mutex_destroy</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_mutex_lock(ErlNifMutex *mtx)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_mutex_lock">erl_drv_mutex_lock()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_mutex_lock">erl_drv_mutex_lock</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_mutex_trylock(ErlNifMutex *mtx)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_mutex_trylock">erl_drv_mutex_trylock()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_mutex_trylock">erl_drv_mutex_trylock</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_mutex_unlock(ErlNifMutex *mtx)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_mutex_unlock">erl_drv_mutex_unlock()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_mutex_unlock">erl_drv_mutex_unlock</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>ErlNifResourceType*</ret><nametext>enif_open_resource_type(ErlNifEnv* env, const char* name, + <func><name><ret>ErlNifResourceType*</ret><nametext>enif_open_resource_type(ErlNifEnv* env, + const char* module_str, const char* name, ErlNifResourceDtor* dtor, ErlNifResourceFlags flags, ErlNifResourceFlags* tried)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Create or takeover a resource type</fsummary> <desc><p>Create or takeover a resource type identified by the string @@ -812,10 +938,10 @@ typedef enum { The supplied destructor <c>dtor</c> will be called both for existing instances as well as new instances not yet created by the calling NIF library.</item> </taglist> - <p>The two flag values can be combined with bitwise-or. To avoid unintentional - name clashes a good practice is to include the module name as part of the - type <c>name</c>. The <c>dtor</c> may be <c>NULL</c> in case no destructor - is needed.</p> + <p>The two flag values can be combined with bitwise-or. The name of the + resource type is local to the calling module. Argument <c>module_str</c> + is not (yet) used and must be NULL. The <c>dtor</c> may be <c>NULL</c> + in case no destructor is needed.</p> <p>On success, return a pointer to the resource type and <c>*tried</c> will be set to either <c>ERL_NIF_RT_CREATE</c> or <c>ERL_NIF_RT_TAKEOVER</c> to indicate what was actually done. @@ -832,123 +958,151 @@ typedef enum { <c>reload</c> or <c>upgrade</c>.</p> <p>Was previously named <c>enif_get_data</c>.</p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_realloc_binary(ErlNifEnv* env, ErlNifBinary* bin, unsigned size)</nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_realloc_binary(ErlNifBinary* bin, size_t size)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Change the size of a binary.</fsummary> <desc><p>Change the size of a binary <c>bin</c>. The source binary may be read-only, in which case it will be left untouched and a mutable copy is allocated and assigned to <c>*bin</c>.</p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_release_binary(ErlNifEnv* env, ErlNifBinary* bin)</nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_release_binary(ErlNifBinary* bin)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Release a binary.</fsummary> - <desc><p>Release a binary obtained - from <c>enif_alloc_binary</c>.</p></desc> + <desc><p>Release a binary obtained from <c>enif_alloc_binary</c>.</p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_release_resource(ErlNifEnv* env, void* obj)</nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_release_resource(void* obj)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Release a resource object.</fsummary> - <desc><p>Release a resource object obtained from <c>enif_alloc_resource</c>. - The object may still be alive if it is referred to by Erlang terms. Each call to - <c>enif_release_resource</c> must correspond to a previous call to <c>enif_alloc_resource</c>. - References made by <c>enif_make_resource</c> can only be released by the garbage collector.</p></desc> + <desc><p>Remove a reference to resource object <c>obj</c>obtained from + <seealso marker="#enif_alloc_resource">enif_alloc_resource</seealso>. + The resource object will be destructed when the last reference is removed. + Each call to <c>enif_release_resource</c> must correspond to a previous + call to <c>enif_alloc_resource</c> or + <seealso marker="#enif_keep_resource">enif_keep_resource</seealso>. + References made by <seealso marker="#enif_make_resource">enif_make_resource</seealso> + can only be removed by the garbage collector.</p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>ErlNifRWLock*</ret><nametext>enif_rwlock_create(char *name)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_create">erl_drv_rwlock_create()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_create">erl_drv_rwlock_create</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_rwlock_destroy(ErlNifRWLock *rwlck)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_destroy">erl_drv_rwlock_destroy()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_destroy">erl_drv_rwlock_destroy</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_rwlock_rlock(ErlNifRWLock *rwlck)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_rlock">erl_drv_rwlock_rlock()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_rlock">erl_drv_rwlock_rlock</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_rwlock_runlock(ErlNifRWLock *rwlck)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_runlock">erl_drv_rwlock_runlock()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_runlock">erl_drv_rwlock_runlock</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_rwlock_rwlock(ErlNifRWLock *rwlck)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_rwlock">erl_drv_rwlock_rwlock()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_rwlock">erl_drv_rwlock_rwlock</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_rwlock_rwunlock(ErlNifRWLock *rwlck)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_rwunlock">erl_drv_rwlock_rwunlock()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_rwunlock">erl_drv_rwlock_rwunlock</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_rwlock_tryrlock(ErlNifRWLock *rwlck)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_tryrlock">erl_drv_rwlock_tryrlock()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_tryrlock">erl_drv_rwlock_tryrlock</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_rwlock_tryrwlock(ErlNifRWLock *rwlck)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_tryrwlock">erl_drv_rwlock_tryrwlock()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_rwlock_tryrwlock">erl_drv_rwlock_tryrwlock</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> - <func><name><ret>unsigned</ret><nametext>enif_sizeof_resource(ErlNifEnv* env, void* obj)</nametext></name> + <func><name><ret>unsigned</ret><nametext>enif_send(ErlNifEnv* env, ErlNifPid* to_pid, ErlNifEnv* msg_env, ERL_NIF_TERM msg)</nametext></name> + <fsummary>Send a message to a process.</fsummary> + <desc><p>Send a message to a process.</p> + <taglist> + <tag><c>env</c></tag> + <item>The environment of the calling process. Must be NULL if and + only if calling from a created thread.</item> + <tag><c>*to_pid</c></tag> + <item>The pid of the receiving process. The pid should refer to a process on the local node.</item> + <tag><c>msg_env</c></tag> + <item>The environment of the message term. Must be a process + independent environment allocated with + <seealso marker="#enif_alloc_env">enif_alloc_env</seealso>.</item> + <tag><c>msg</c></tag> + <item>The message term to send.</item> + </taglist> + <p>Return true on success, or false if <c>*to_pid</c> does not refer to an alive local process.</p> + <p>The message environment <c>msg_env</c> with all its terms (including + <c>msg</c>) will be invalidated by a successful call to <c>enif_send</c>. The environment + should either be freed with <seealso marker="#enif_free_env">enif_free_env</seealso> + of cleared for reuse with <seealso marker="#enif_clear_env">enif_clear_env</seealso>.</p> + <p>This function is only thread-safe when the emulator with SMP support is used. + It can only be used in a non-SMP emulator from a NIF-calling thread.</p> + </desc> + </func> + <func><name><ret>unsigned</ret><nametext>enif_sizeof_resource(void* obj)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Get the byte size of a resource object</fsummary> <desc><p>Get the byte size of a resource object <c>obj</c> obtained by - <c>enif_alloc_resource</c>.</p></desc> + <seealso marker="#enif_alloc_resource">enif_alloc_resource</seealso>.</p></desc> </func> <func> <name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_system_info(ErlNifSysInfo *sys_info_ptr, size_t size)</nametext></name> <fsummary>Get information about the Erlang runtime system</fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#driver_system_info">driver_system_info()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#driver_system_info">driver_system_info</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_thread_create(char *name,ErlNifTid *tid,void * (*func)(void *),void *args,ErlNifThreadOpts *opts)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_thread_create">erl_drv_thread_create()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_thread_create">erl_drv_thread_create</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_thread_exit(void *resp)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_thread_exit">erl_drv_thread_exit()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_thread_exit">erl_drv_thread_exit</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_thread_join(ErlNifTid, void **respp)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_thread_join">erl_drv_thread_join ()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_thread_join">erl_drv_thread_join </seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>ErlNifThreadOpts*</ret><nametext>enif_thread_opts_create(char *name)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_thread_opts_create">erl_drv_thread_opts_create()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_thread_opts_create">erl_drv_thread_opts_create</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_thread_opts_destroy(ErlNifThreadOpts *opts)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_thread_opts_destroy">erl_drv_thread_opts_destroy()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_thread_opts_destroy">erl_drv_thread_opts_destroy</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>ErlNifTid</ret><nametext>enif_thread_self(void)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_thread_self">erl_drv_thread_self()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_thread_self">erl_drv_thread_self</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>int</ret><nametext>enif_tsd_key_create(char *name, ErlNifTSDKey *key)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_tsd_key_create">erl_drv_tsd_key_create()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_tsd_key_create">erl_drv_tsd_key_create</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_tsd_key_destroy(ErlNifTSDKey key)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_tsd_key_destroy">erl_drv_tsd_key_destroy()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_tsd_key_destroy">erl_drv_tsd_key_destroy</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void*</ret><nametext>enif_tsd_get(ErlNifTSDKey key)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_tsd_get">erl_drv_tsd_get()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_tsd_get">erl_drv_tsd_get</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> <func><name><ret>void</ret><nametext>enif_tsd_set(ErlNifTSDKey key, void *data)</nametext></name> <fsummary></fsummary> - <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_tsd_set">erl_drv_tsd_set()</seealso>. + <desc><p>Same as <seealso marker="erl_driver#erl_drv_tsd_set">erl_drv_tsd_set</seealso>. </p></desc> </func> </funcs> diff --git a/erts/doc/src/erlang.xml b/erts/doc/src/erlang.xml index 7ff52c5b50..3c64fe2bef 100644 --- a/erts/doc/src/erlang.xml +++ b/erts/doc/src/erlang.xml @@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ iolist() = [char() | binary() | iolist()] </desc> </func> <func> - <name>erlang:binary_to_term(Binary, Opts) -> term()</name> + <name>binary_to_term(Binary, Opts) -> term()</name> <fsummary>Decode an Erlang external term format binary</fsummary> <type> <v>Opts = [safe]</v> @@ -5187,10 +5187,21 @@ true</pre> For more information on how to define the CPU topology, see <seealso marker="#system_flag_cpu_topology">erlang:system_flag(cpu_topology, CpuTopology)</seealso>. </p> - <p><em>NOTE:</em> If other programs on the system have bound - to processors, e.g. another Erlang runtime system, you - may lose performance when binding schedulers. Therefore, - schedulers are by default not bound.</p> + <p>The runtime system will by default bind schedulers to logical + processors using the <c>default_bind</c> bind type if the amount + of schedulers are at least equal to the amount of logical + processors configured, binding of schedulers is supported, + and a CPU topology is available at startup. + </p> + <p><em>NOTE:</em> If the Erlang runtime system is the only + operating system process that binds threads to logical processors, + this improves the performance of the runtime system. However, + if other operating system processes (as for example another Erlang + runtime system) also bind threads to logical processors, there + might be a performance penalty instead. If this is the case you, + are are advised to unbind the schedulers using the + <seealso marker="erl#+sbt">+sbtu</seealso> command line argument, + or <c>erlang:system_flag(scheduler_bind_type, unbound)</c>.</p> <p>Schedulers can be bound in different ways. The <c>How</c> argument determines how schedulers are bound. <c>How</c> can currently be one of:</p> @@ -6743,6 +6754,17 @@ true</pre> See also <seealso marker="#trace_pattern/3">erlang:trace_pattern/3</seealso>.</p> </item> + <tag><c>call_time</c></tag> + <item> + <p>Return the call time values for this function or + <c>true</c> for the pseudo function <c>on_load</c> if call + time tracing is active. Returns <c>false</c> otherwise. + The call time values returned, <c>[{Pid, Count, S, Us}]</c>, + is a list of each process that has executed the function and its specific counters. + See also + <seealso marker="#trace_pattern/3">erlang:trace_pattern/3</seealso>.</p> + </item> + <tag><c>all</c></tag> <item> <p>Return a list containing the <c>{Item, Value}</c> tuples @@ -6845,13 +6867,13 @@ true</pre> </item> <tag><c>restart</c></tag> <item> - <p>For the <c>FlagList</c> option <c>call_count</c>: + <p>For the <c>FlagList</c> option <c>call_count</c> and <c>call_time</c>: restart the existing counters. The behaviour is undefined for other <c>FlagList</c> options.</p> </item> <tag><c>pause</c></tag> <item> - <p>For the <c>FlagList</c> option <c>call_count</c>: pause + <p>For the <c>FlagList</c> option <c>call_count</c> and <c>call_time</c>: pause the existing counters. The behaviour is undefined for other <c>FlagList</c> options.</p> </item> @@ -6906,6 +6928,23 @@ true</pre> <p>The counter value can be read with <seealso marker="#trace_info/2">erlang:trace_info/2</seealso>.</p> </item> + <tag><c>call_time</c></tag> + <item> + <p>Starts (<c>MatchSpec == true</c>) or stops + (<c>MatchSpec == false</c>) call time tracing for all + types of function calls. For every function a counter is + incremented when the function is called. Time spent in the function + is accumulated in two other counters, seconds and micro-seconds. + The counters are stored for each call traced process.</p> + <p>If call time tracing is started while already running, + the count and time is restarted from zero. Running counters can be + paused with <c>MatchSpec == pause</c>. Paused and running + counters can be restarted from zero with + <c>MatchSpec == restart</c>.</p> + <p>The counter value can be read with + <seealso marker="#trace_info/2">erlang:trace_info/2</seealso>.</p> + </item> + </taglist> <p>The <c>global</c> and <c>local</c> options are mutually exclusive and <c>global</c> is the default (if no options are @@ -6913,7 +6952,7 @@ true</pre> perform a kind of local tracing, and can also not be combined with <c>global</c>. A function can be either globally or locally traced. If global tracing is specified for a - specified set of functions; local, meta and call count + specified set of functions; local, meta, call time and call count tracing for the matching set of local functions will be disabled, and vice versa.</p> <p>When disabling trace, the option must match the type of trace diff --git a/erts/doc/src/match_spec.xml b/erts/doc/src/match_spec.xml index d6492198ca..f0390c9db8 100644 --- a/erts/doc/src/match_spec.xml +++ b/erts/doc/src/match_spec.xml @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ <section> <title>Grammar</title> - <p>A match_spec can be described in this <em>informal</em> grammar:</p> + <p>A match_spec used in tracing can be described in this <em>informal</em> grammar:</p> <list type="bulleted"> <item>MatchExpression ::= [ MatchFunction, ... ] </item> @@ -117,6 +117,52 @@ <c><![CDATA[display]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[caller]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[set_tcw]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[silent]]></c></item> </list> + + <p>A match_spec used in ets can be described in this <em>informal</em> grammar:</p> + <list type="bulleted"> + <item>MatchExpression ::= [ MatchFunction, ... ] + </item> + <item>MatchFunction ::= { MatchHead, MatchConditions, MatchBody } + </item> + <item>MatchHead ::= MatchVariable | <c><![CDATA['_']]></c> | { MatchHeadPart, ... } + </item> + <item>MatchHeadPart ::= term() | MatchVariable | <c><![CDATA['_']]></c></item> + <item>MatchVariable ::= '$<number>' + </item> + <item>MatchConditions ::= [ MatchCondition, ...] | <c><![CDATA[[]]]></c></item> + <item>MatchCondition ::= { GuardFunction } | + { GuardFunction, ConditionExpression, ... } + </item> + <item>BoolFunction ::= <c><![CDATA[is_atom]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[is_constant]]></c> | + <c><![CDATA[is_float]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[is_integer]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[is_list]]></c> | + <c><![CDATA[is_number]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[is_pid]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[is_port]]></c> | + <c><![CDATA[is_reference]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[is_tuple]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[is_binary]]></c> | + <c><![CDATA[is_function]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[is_record]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[is_seq_trace]]></c> | + <c><![CDATA['and']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['or']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['not']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['xor']]></c> | + <c><![CDATA[andalso]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[orelse]]></c></item> + <item>ConditionExpression ::= ExprMatchVariable | { GuardFunction } | + { GuardFunction, ConditionExpression, ... } | TermConstruct + </item> + <item>ExprMatchVariable ::= MatchVariable (bound in the MatchHead) | + <c><![CDATA['$_']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['$$']]></c></item> + <item>TermConstruct = {{}} | {{ ConditionExpression, ... }} | + <c><![CDATA[[]]]></c> | [ConditionExpression, ...] | NonCompositeTerm | Constant + </item> + <item>NonCompositeTerm ::= term() (not list or tuple) + </item> + <item>Constant ::= {<c><![CDATA[const]]></c>, term()} + </item> + <item>GuardFunction ::= BoolFunction | <c><![CDATA[abs]]></c> | + <c><![CDATA[element]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[hd]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[length]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[node]]></c> | + <c><![CDATA[round]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[size]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[tl]]></c> | <c><![CDATA[trunc]]></c> | + <c><![CDATA['+']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['-']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['*']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['div']]></c> | + <c><![CDATA['rem']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['band']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['bor']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['bxor']]></c> | + <c><![CDATA['bnot']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['bsl']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['bsr']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['>']]></c> | + <c><![CDATA['>=']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['<']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['=<']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['=:=']]></c> | + <c><![CDATA['==']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['=/=']]></c> | <c><![CDATA['/=']]></c> | <c><![CDATA[self]]></c> | + <c><![CDATA[get_tcw]]></c></item> + <item>MatchBody ::= [ ConditionExpression, ... ]</item> + </list> </section> <section> @@ -453,8 +499,8 @@ <section> <title>Differences between match specifications in ETS and tracing</title> <p>ETS match specifications are there to produce a return - value. Usually the expression contains one single - <c><![CDATA[ActionTerm]]></c> which defines the return value without having + value. Usually the <c><![CDATA[MatchBody]]></c> contains one single + <c><![CDATA[ConditionExpression]]></c> which defines the return value without having any side effects. Calls with side effects are not allowed in the ETS context.</p> <p>When tracing there is no return value to produce, the |