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+%%% -*- erlang-indent-level: 2 -*-
+%%%----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% Author: Kostis Sagonas
+%%%
+%%% Contains code examples that exhibited bugs in the HiPE compiler.
+%%%----------------------------------------------------------------------
+-module(basic_bugs_hipe).
+
+-export([test/0]).
+
+test() ->
+ ok = test_ets_bifs(),
+ ok = test_szar_bug(),
+ ok = test_bit_shift(),
+ ok = test_match_big_list(),
+ ok = test_unsafe_bsl(),
+ ok = test_unsafe_bsr(),
+ ok = test_R12B5_seg_fault(),
+ ok = test_switch_neg_int(),
+ ok = test_icode_range_anal(),
+ ok.
+
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% From: Bjorn Gustavsson
+%%
+%% This code, if HiPE compiled, crashed like this (on SPARC)
+%%
+%% (gdb) where
+%% #0 fullsweep_heap (p=0x2c60dc, new_sz=610, objv=0xffbee8b4, nobj=3)
+%% at beam/ggc.c:1060
+%% #1 0x7ff24 in erts_garbage_collect (p=0x2c60dc, need=2, objv=0x1128fc, ...)
+%% at beam/ggc.c:1648
+%% #2 0xab6fc in hipe_mode_switch (p=0x2c60dc, cmd=704512, reg=0x1128fc)
+%% at hipe/hipe_mode_switch.c:180
+%% #3 0x8e27c in process_main () at beam/beam_emu.c:3314
+%% #4 0x31338 in erl_start (argc=9, argv=0xffbeed5c) at beam/erl_init.c:936
+%% #5 0x2d9f4 in main (argc=9, argv=0xffbeed5c) at sys/unix/erl_main.c:28
+%%
+%% A guess at what could be the problem: From R8, many ets BIFs trap
+%% to other ets BIFs with a *different* arity (i.e. they have more or
+%% less arguments). I have probably forgotten to mention that subtle
+%% change.
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_ets_bifs() ->
+ Seed = {1032, 15890, 22716},
+ put(random_seed, Seed),
+ do_random_test().
+
+do_random_test() ->
+ OrdSet = ets:new(xxx, [ordered_set]),
+ Set = ets:new(xxx, []),
+ do_n_times(fun() ->
+ Key = create_random_string(25),
+ Value = create_random_tuple(25),
+ ets:insert(OrdSet, {Key, Value}),
+ ets:insert(Set, {Key, Value})
+ end, 5000),
+ %% io:format("~nData inserted~n"),
+ do_n_times(fun() ->
+ I = random:uniform(25),
+ Key = create_random_string(I) ++ '_',
+ L1 = ets_match_object(OrdSet, {Key, '_'}),
+ L2 = lists:sort(ets_match_object(Set, {Key, '_'})),
+ case L1 == L2 of
+ false ->
+ %% io:format("~p != ~p~n", [L1, L2]),
+ exit({not_eq, L1, L2});
+ true ->
+ ok
+ end
+ end, 2000),
+ %% io:format("~nData matched~n"),
+ ets:match_delete(OrdSet, '_'),
+ ets:match_delete(Set, '_'),
+ ok.
+
+create_random_string(0) ->
+ [];
+create_random_string(OfLength) ->
+ C = case random:uniform(2) of
+ 1 -> (random:uniform($Z - $A + 1) - 1) + $A;
+ _ -> (random:uniform($z - $a + 1) - 1) + $a
+ end,
+ [C | create_random_string(OfLength - 1)].
+
+create_random_tuple(OfLength) ->
+ list_to_tuple([list_to_atom([X]) || X <- create_random_string(OfLength)]).
+
+ets_match_object(Tab,Expr) ->
+ case random:uniform(2) of
+ 1 -> ets:match_object(Tab,Expr);
+ _ -> match_object_chunked(Tab,Expr)
+ end.
+
+match_object_chunked(Tab,Expr) ->
+ match_object_chunked_collect(ets:match_object(Tab, Expr,
+ random:uniform(1999) + 1)).
+
+match_object_chunked_collect('$end_of_table') ->
+ [];
+match_object_chunked_collect({Results, Continuation}) ->
+ Results ++ match_object_chunked_collect(ets:match_object(Continuation)).
+
+do_n_times(_, 0) ->
+ ok;
+do_n_times(Fun, N) ->
+ Fun(),
+ case N rem 1000 of
+ 0 -> ok; %% WAS: io:format(".");
+ _ -> ok
+ end,
+ do_n_times(Fun, N - 1).
+
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% From: Jozsef Berces (PR/ECZ)
+%% Date: Feb 19, 2004
+%%
+%% Program which was added to the testsuite as a result of another bug
+%% report involving tuples as funs. Thanks God, these are no longer
+%% supported, but the following is a good test for testing calling
+%% native code funs from BEAM code (lists:map, lists:filter, ...).
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_szar_bug() ->
+ ["A","B","C"] = smartconcat([], "H'A, H'B, H'C"),
+ ok.
+
+smartconcat(B, L) ->
+ LL = tokenize(L, $,),
+ NewlineDel = fun (X) -> killcontrol(X) end,
+ StripFun = fun (X) -> string:strip(X) end,
+ LL2 = lists:map(NewlineDel, lists:map(StripFun, LL)),
+ EmptyDel = fun(X) ->
+ case string:len(X) of
+ 0 -> false;
+ _ -> true
+ end
+ end,
+ LL3 = lists:filter(EmptyDel, LL2),
+ HexFormat = fun(X, Acc) ->
+ case string:str(X, "H'") of
+ 1 ->
+ case checkhex(string:substr(X, 3)) of
+ {ok, Y} ->
+ {Y, Acc};
+ _ ->
+ {X, Acc + 1}
+ end;
+ _ ->
+ {X, Acc + 1}
+ end
+ end,
+ {LL4,_Ret} = lists:mapfoldl(HexFormat, 0, LL3),
+ lists:append(B, lists:sublist(LL4, lists:max([0, 25 - length(B)]))).
+
+checkhex(L) ->
+ checkhex(L, "").
+
+checkhex([H | T], N) when H >= $0, H =< $9 ->
+ checkhex(T, [H | N]);
+checkhex([H | T], N) when H >= $A, H =< $F ->
+ checkhex(T, [H | N]);
+checkhex([H | T], N) when H =< 32 ->
+ checkhex(T, N);
+checkhex([_ | _], _) ->
+ {error, ""};
+checkhex([], N) ->
+ {ok, lists:reverse(N)}.
+
+killcontrol([C | S]) when C < 32 ->
+ killcontrol(S);
+killcontrol([C | S]) ->
+ [C | killcontrol(S)];
+killcontrol([]) ->
+ [].
+
+tokenize(L, C) ->
+ tokenize(L, C, [], []).
+
+tokenize([C | T], C, A, B) ->
+ case A of
+ [] ->
+ tokenize(T, C, [], B);
+ _ ->
+ tokenize(T, C, [], [lists:reverse(A) | B])
+ end;
+tokenize([H | T], C, A, B) ->
+ tokenize(T, C, [H | A], B);
+tokenize(_, _, [], B) ->
+ lists:reverse(B);
+tokenize(_, _, A, B) ->
+ lists:reverse([lists:reverse(A) | B]).
+
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% From: Niclas Pehrsson
+%% Date: Apr 20, 2006
+%%
+%% We found something weird with the bit shifting in HiPE. It seems
+%% that bsr in some cases shifts the bits in the wrong way...
+%%
+%% Fixed about 10 mins afterwards; was a bug in constant propagation.
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_bit_shift() ->
+ 1 = plain_shift(), % 1
+ 6 = length_list_plus(), % 6
+ 0 = shift_length_list(), % 0
+ 1 = shift_length_list_plus(), % 1
+ 1 = shift_length_list_plus2(), % 1
+ 24 = shift_length_list_plus_bsl(), % 24
+ 1 = shift_fun(), % 1
+ %% {1, 6, 0, 1, 1, 24, 1} = {A, B, C, D, E, F, G},
+ ok.
+
+plain_shift() ->
+ 6 bsr 2.
+
+length_list() ->
+ length([0,0]).
+
+length_list_plus() ->
+ length([0,0]) + 4.
+
+shift_length_list() ->
+ length([0,0]) bsr 2.
+
+shift_length_list_plus() ->
+ (length([0,0]) + 4) bsr 2.
+
+shift_length_list_plus_bsl() ->
+ (length([0,0]) + 4) bsl 2.
+
+shift_length_list_plus2() ->
+ N = length([0,0]) + 4,
+ N bsr 2.
+
+shift_fun() ->
+ (length_list() + 4) bsr 2.
+
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% From: Igor Goryachev
+%% Date: June 15, 2006
+%%
+%% I have experienced a different behaviour and possibly a weird result
+%% while playing with matching a big list on x86 and x86_64 machines.
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-define(BIG_LIST,
+ ["uid", "nickname", "n_family", "n_given", "email_pref",
+ "tel_home_number", "tel_cellular_number", "adr_home_country",
+ "adr_home_locality", "adr_home_region", "url", "gender", "bday",
+ "constitution", "height", "weight", "hair", "routine", "smoke",
+ "maritalstatus", "children", "independence", "school_number",
+ "school_locality", "school_title", "school_period", "org_orgname",
+ "title", "adr_work_locality", "photo_type", "photo_binval"]).
+
+test_match_big_list() ->
+ case create_tuple_with_big_const_list() of
+ {selected, ?BIG_LIST, _} -> ok;
+ _ -> weird
+ end.
+
+create_tuple_with_big_const_list() ->
+ {selected, ?BIG_LIST, [{"test"}]}.
+
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% In October 2006 the HiPE compiler acquired more type-driven
+%% optimisations of arithmetic operations. One of these, the
+%% transformation of bsl to a pure fixnum bsl fixnum -> fixnum version
+%% (unsafe_bsl), was incorrectly performed even when the result
+%% wouldn't be a fixnum. The error occurred for all backends, but the
+%% only place known to break was hipe_arm:imm_to_am1/2. Some
+%% immediates got broken on ARM, causing segmentation faults in
+%% compiler_tests when HiPE recompiled itself.
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_unsafe_bsl() ->
+ ok = bsl_check(bsl_test_cases()).
+
+bsl_test_cases() ->
+ [{16#FF, {16#FF, 0}},
+ {16#F000000F, {16#FF, 2}}].
+
+bsl_check([]) -> ok;
+bsl_check([{X, Y}|Rest]) ->
+ case imm_to_am1(X) of
+ Y -> bsl_check(Rest);
+ _ -> 'hipe_broke_bsl'
+ end.
+
+imm_to_am1(Imm) ->
+ imm_to_am1(Imm band 16#FFFFFFFF, 16).
+imm_to_am1(Imm, RotCnt) ->
+ if Imm >= 0, Imm =< 255 -> {Imm, RotCnt band 15};
+ true ->
+ NewRotCnt = RotCnt - 1,
+ if NewRotCnt =:= 0 -> []; % full circle, no joy
+ true ->
+ NewImm = (Imm bsr 2) bor ((Imm band 3) bsl 30),
+ imm_to_am1(NewImm, NewRotCnt)
+ end
+ end.
+
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Another transformation, namely that of bsr to a pure fixnum bsr
+%% fixnum -> fixnum version (unsafe_bsr), failed to check for shifts
+%% larger than the number of bits in fixnums. Such shifts should
+%% return zero, but instead they became plain machine-level shift
+%% instructions. Machines often only consider the low-order bits of
+%% the shift count, so machine-level shifts larger than the word size
+%% do not match the Erlang semantics.
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_unsafe_bsr() ->
+ ok = bsr_check(bsr_test_cases()).
+
+bsr_test_cases() ->
+ [{16#FF, 4, 16#0F},
+ {16#FF, 64, 0}].
+
+bsr_check([]) -> ok;
+bsr_check([{X, Y, Z}|Rest]) ->
+ case do_bsr(X, Y) of
+ Z -> bsr_check(Rest);
+ _ -> 'hipe_broke_bsr'
+ end.
+
+do_bsr(X, Y) ->
+ (X band 16#FFFF) bsr (Y band 16#FFFF).
+
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% From: Sergey S, mid January 2009.
+%%
+%% While I was playing with +native option, I run into a bug in HiPE
+%% which leads to segmentation fault using +native and Erlang R12B-5.
+%%
+%% Eshell V5.6.5
+%% 1> crash:test().
+%% # Some message to be printed here each loop iteration
+%% Segmentation fault
+%%
+%% Diagnosed and fixed by Mikael Pettersson (22 Jan 2009):
+%%
+%% I've analysed the recently posted HiPE bug report on erlang-bugs
+%% <http://www.erlang.org/pipermail/erlang-bugs/2009-January/001162.html>.
+%% The segfault is caused by memory corruption, which in turn is caused
+%% by RTL removing an update of the HP (heap pointer) register due to
+%% what looks like broken liveness information.
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_R12B5_seg_fault() ->
+ _ = spawn(fun() -> init() end),
+ ok.
+
+init() ->
+ repeat(5, fun() -> void end),
+ receive after infinity -> ok end.
+
+repeat(0, _) ->
+ ok;
+repeat(N, Fun) ->
+ %% io:format("# Some message to be printed here each loop iteration\n"),
+ Fun(),
+ repeat(N - 1, Fun).
+
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% From: Jon Meredith
+%% Date: July 9, 2009
+%%
+%% Binary search key tables are sorted by the loader based on the
+%% runtime representations of the keys as unsigned words. However,
+%% the code generated for the binary search used signed comparisons.
+%% That worked for atoms and non-negative fixnums, but not for
+%% negative fixnums. Fixed by Mikael Pettersson July 10, 2009.
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_switch_neg_int() ->
+ ok = f(-80, 8).
+
+f(10, -1) -> ok;
+f(X, Y) ->
+ Y = g(X),
+ f(X + 10, Y - 1).
+
+g(X) -> % g(0) should be 0 but became -1
+ case X of
+ 0 -> 0;
+ -10 -> 1;
+ -20 -> 2;
+ -30 -> 3;
+ -40 -> 4;
+ -50 -> 5;
+ -60 -> 6;
+ -70 -> 7;
+ -80 -> 8;
+ _ -> -1
+ end.
+
+%%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% From: Paul Guyot
+%% Date: Jan 31, 2011
+%%
+%% There is a bug in HiPE compilation with the comparison of floats
+%% with integers. This bug happens in functions f/1 and g/2 below.
+%% BEAM will evaluate f_eq(42) and f_eq(42.0) to true, while HiPE
+%% will evaluate them to false.
+%%
+%% The culprit was the Icode range analysis which was buggy. (On the
+%% other hand, HiPE properly evaluated these calls to true if passed
+%% the option 'no_icode_range'.) Fixed by Kostis Sagonas.
+%% --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_icode_range_anal() ->
+ true = f_eq(42),
+ true = f_eq(42.0),
+ false = f_ne(42),
+ false = f_ne(42.0),
+ false = f_eq_ex(42),
+ false = f_eq_ex(42.0),
+ true = f_ne_ex(42),
+ true = f_ne_ex(42.0),
+ false = f_gt(42),
+ false = f_gt(42.0),
+ true = f_le(42),
+ true = f_le(42.0),
+ zero_test = g(0, test),
+ zero_test = g(0.0, test),
+ non_zero_test = g(42, test),
+ other = g(42, other),
+ ok.
+
+f_eq(X) ->
+ Y = X / 2,
+ Y == 21.
+
+f_ne(X) ->
+ Y = X / 2,
+ Y /= 21.
+
+f_eq_ex(X) ->
+ Y = X / 2,
+ Y =:= 21.
+
+f_ne_ex(X) ->
+ Y = X / 2,
+ Y =/= 21.
+
+f_gt(X) ->
+ Y = X / 2,
+ Y > 21.
+
+f_le(X) ->
+ Y = X / 2,
+ Y =< 21.
+
+g(X, Z) ->
+ Y = X / 2,
+ case Z of
+ test when Y == 0 -> zero_test;
+ test -> non_zero_test;
+ other -> other
+ end.