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+%%% -*- erlang-indent-level: 2 -*-
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% Author: Kostis Sagonas
+%%%
+%%% Contains tests that raise exceptions and catch them.
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+-module(basic_exceptions).
+
+-export([test/0, test_catches/0]).
+
+%% functions used as arguments to spawn/3
+-export([bad_guy/2]).
+
+test() ->
+ ok = test_catch_exit(42),
+ ok = test_catch_throw(42),
+ ok = test_catch_element(),
+ ok = test_catch_crash(),
+ ok = test_catch_empty(),
+ ok = test_catch_merge(),
+ ok = test_catches_merged(),
+ ok = test_pending_errors(),
+ ok = test_bad_fun_call(),
+ ok = test_guard_bif(),
+ ok.
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Written in 2001 by Erik Johansson.
+
+test_catches() ->
+ ExitBar = {'EXIT', bar},
+ L1 = [ExitBar, ok, ExitBar, {ok, ExitBar}],
+ L1 = [t1(), t2(), t3(), t4()],
+ badarith = (catch element(1, element(2, t5(a, b)))),
+ L2 = [42, ExitBar, ExitBar, {no_exception, ok}],
+ L2 = [t5(21, 21), t6(), t7(), t8()],
+ ok.
+
+t1() ->
+ catch foo().
+
+t2() ->
+ V = (catch ok()),
+ s(),
+ V.
+
+t3() ->
+ V = (catch foo()),
+ V.
+
+t4() ->
+ V1 = ok(),
+ V2 = (catch foo()),
+ {V1, V2}.
+
+t5(A, B) ->
+ catch A + B.
+
+t6() ->
+ catch {no_exception, ok(), foo()}.
+
+t7() ->
+ catch {no_exception, foo(), ok()}.
+
+t8() ->
+ catch {no_exception, ok()}.
+
+foo() ->
+ s(),
+ exit(bar).
+
+ok() -> s(), ok.
+
+s() -> nada.
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_catch_exit(N) ->
+ {'EXIT', N} = (catch exit(N)),
+ {'EXIT', 42} = (catch exit(42)),
+ 42 = try exit(N) catch exit:R1 -> R1 end,
+ 42 = try exit(42) catch exit:R2 -> R2 end,
+ ok.
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_catch_throw(N) ->
+ N = (catch throw(N)),
+ 42 = (catch throw(42)),
+ 42 = try throw(N) catch throw:R1 -> R1 end,
+ 42 = try throw(42) catch throw:R2 -> R2 end,
+ ok.
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_catch_element() ->
+ 'EXIT' = test_catch_element([]),
+ 'EXIT' = test_catch_element(42),
+ ok.
+
+test_catch_element(N) ->
+ element(1, catch element(N, {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11})).
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-define(try_match(E),
+ catch ?MODULE:non_existing(),
+ {'EXIT', {{badmatch, nomatch}, _}} = (catch E = no_match())).
+
+test_catch_crash() ->
+ ?try_match(a),
+ ?try_match(42),
+ ?try_match({a, b, c}),
+ ?try_match([]),
+ ?try_match(1.0),
+ ok.
+
+no_match() -> nomatch.
+
+%% small_test() ->
+%% catch ?MODULE:non_existing(),
+%% io:format("Before\n",[]),
+%% hipe_bifs:show_nstack(self()),
+%% io:format("After\n",[]),
+%% garbage_collect().
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Tests whether the HiPE compiler optimizes catches in a way that
+%% does not result in an infinite loop.
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_catch_empty() ->
+ badmatch().
+
+badmatch() ->
+ Big = ret_big(),
+ Float = ret_float(),
+ catch a = Big,
+ catch b = Float,
+ ok = case Big of Big -> ok end,
+ ok = case Float of Float -> ok end,
+ ok.
+
+ret_big() ->
+ 329847987298478924982978248748729829487298292982972978239874.
+
+ret_float() ->
+ 3.1415927.
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Test that shows how BEAM can merge catch-end blocks that belong to
+%% different catch-start instructions. Written by Richard Carlsson.
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_catch_merge() ->
+ merge(get(whatever)).
+
+merge(foo=X) ->
+ catch f(X),
+ catch g(X);
+merge(X) ->
+ catch f(X),
+ catch g(X).
+
+f(_) -> ok.
+
+g(_) -> ok.
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Written by Tobias Lindahl.
+
+test_catches_merged() ->
+ {'EXIT', _} = merged_catches(foo),
+ {'EXIT', {badarith, _}} = merged_catches(bar),
+ {'EXIT', _} = merged_catches(baz),
+ ok.
+
+merged_catches(X) ->
+ case X of
+ foo -> catch fail1(0);
+ bar -> catch {catch(1 = X), fail2(0)};
+ baz -> catch fail3(0)
+ end.
+
+fail1(X) -> 1/X.
+
+fail2(X) -> 1/X.
+
+fail3(X) -> 1/X.
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Taken from exception_SUITE.erl
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_pending_errors() ->
+ error_logger:tty(false), % disable printouts of error reports
+ pending_errors().
+
+%% Test various exceptions, in the presence of a previous error
+%% suppressed in a guard.
+pending_errors() ->
+ pending(e_badmatch, {badmatch, b}),
+ pending(x, function_clause),
+ pending(e_case, {case_clause, xxx}),
+ pending(e_if, if_clause),
+ %% pending(e_badarith, badarith),
+ %% pending(e_undef, undef),
+ pending(e_timeoutval, timeout_value),
+ %% pending(e_badarg, badarg),
+ %% pending(e_badarg_spawn, badarg),
+ ok.
+
+bad_guy(pe_badarith, Other) when Other+1 =:= 0 -> % badarith (suppressed)
+ ok;
+bad_guy(pe_badarg, Other) when length(Other) > 0 -> % badarg (suppressed)
+ ok;
+bad_guy(_, e_case) ->
+ case xxx() of
+ ok -> ok
+ end; % case_clause
+bad_guy(_, e_if) ->
+ B = b(),
+ if
+ a == B -> ok
+ end; % if_clause
+%% bad_guy(_, e_badarith) ->
+%% 1+b; % badarith
+bad_guy(_, e_undef) ->
+ non_existing_module:foo(); % undef
+bad_guy(_, e_timeoutval) ->
+ receive
+ after gazonk -> ok % timeout_value
+ end;
+bad_guy(_, e_badarg) ->
+ node(xxx); % badarg
+bad_guy(_, e_badarg_spawn) ->
+ spawn({}, {}, {}); % badarg
+bad_guy(_, e_badmatch) ->
+ a = b(). % badmatch
+
+xxx() -> xxx.
+
+b() -> b.
+
+pending(Arg, Expected) ->
+ pending(pe_badarith, Arg, Expected),
+ pending(pe_badarg, Arg, Expected).
+
+pending(First, Second, Expected) ->
+ pending_catched(First, Second, Expected),
+ pending_exit_message([First, Second], Expected).
+
+pending_catched(First, Second, Expected) ->
+ %% ok = io:format("Catching bad_guy(~p, ~p)\n", [First, Second]),
+ case catch bad_guy(First, Second) of
+ {'EXIT', Reason} ->
+ pending(Reason, bad_guy, [First, Second], Expected);
+ Other ->
+ exit({not_exit, Other})
+ end.
+
+pending_exit_message(Args, Expected) ->
+ %% ok = io:format("Trapping exits from spawn_link(~p, ~p, ~p)\n",
+ %% [?MODULE, bad_guy, Args]),
+ process_flag(trap_exit, true),
+ Pid = spawn_link(?MODULE, bad_guy, Args),
+ receive
+ {'EXIT', Pid, Reason} ->
+ pending(Reason, bad_guy, Args, Expected);
+ Other ->
+ exit({unexpected_message, Other})
+ after 10000 ->
+ exit(timeout)
+ end,
+ process_flag(trap_exit, false).
+
+%% pending({badarg, [{erlang,Bif,BifArgs},{?MODULE,Func,Arity}|_]},
+%% Func, Args, _Code)
+%% when atom(Bif), list(BifArgs), length(Args) =:= Arity ->
+%% ok;
+pending({badarg,Trace}, _, _, _) when is_list(Trace) ->
+ ok;
+%% pending({undef,[{non_existing_module,foo,[]}|_]}, _, _, _) ->
+%% ok;
+pending({undef,Trace}, _, _, _) when is_list(Trace) ->
+ ok;
+%% pending({function_clause,[{?MODULE,Func,Args}|_]}, Func, Args, _Code) ->
+%% ok;
+pending({function_clause,Trace}, _, _, _) when is_list(Trace) ->
+ ok;
+%% pending({Code,[{?MODULE,Func,Arity}|_]}, Func, Args, Code)
+%% when length(Args) =:= Arity ->
+%% ok;
+pending({Code,Trace}, _, _, Code) when is_list(Trace) ->
+ ok;
+pending(Reason, _Function, _Args, _Code) ->
+ exit({bad_exit_reason, Reason}).
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Taken from fun_SUITE.erl
+%%
+%% Checks correct exception throwing when calling a bad fun.
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_bad_fun_call() ->
+ ok = bad_call_fc(42),
+ ok = bad_call_fc(xx),
+ ok = bad_call_fc({}),
+ ok = bad_call_fc({1}),
+ ok = bad_call_fc({1,2,3}),
+ ok = bad_call_fc({1,2,3}),
+ ok = bad_call_fc({1,2,3,4}),
+ ok = bad_call_fc({1,2,3,4,5,6}),
+ ok = bad_call_fc({1,2,3,4,5}),
+ ok = bad_call_fc({1,2}),
+ ok.
+
+bad_call_fc(Fun) ->
+ Args = [some, stupid, args],
+ Res = (catch Fun(Fun(Args))),
+ case Res of
+ {'EXIT', {{badfun, Fun} ,_Where}} ->
+ ok; %% = io:format("~p(~p) -> ~p\n", [Fun, Args, Res]);
+ Other ->
+ io:format("~p(~p) -> ~p\n", [Fun, Args, Res]),
+ exit({bad_result, Other})
+ end.
+
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Taken from guard_SUITE.erl
+%%
+%% Tests correct handling of exceptions by calling guard BIFs with
+%% nasty (but legal arguments).
+%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+test_guard_bif() ->
+ Big = -237849247829874297658726487367328971246284736473821617265433,
+ Float = 387924.874,
+
+ %% Succeding use of guard bifs.
+
+ try_gbif('abs/1', Big, -Big),
+ try_gbif('float/1', Big, float(Big)),
+ try_gbif('trunc/1', Float, 387924.0),
+ try_gbif('round/1', Float, 387925.0),
+ try_gbif('length/1', [], 0),
+
+ try_gbif('length/1', [a], 1),
+ try_gbif('length/1', [a, b], 2),
+ try_gbif('length/1', lists:seq(0, 31), 32),
+
+ try_gbif('hd/1', [a], a),
+ try_gbif('hd/1', [a, b], a),
+
+ try_gbif('tl/1', [a], []),
+ try_gbif('tl/1', [a, b], [b]),
+ try_gbif('tl/1', [a, b, c], [b, c]),
+
+ try_gbif('size/1', {}, 0),
+ try_gbif('size/1', {a}, 1),
+ try_gbif('size/1', {a, b}, 2),
+ try_gbif('size/1', {a, b, c}, 3),
+ try_gbif('size/1', list_to_binary([]), 0),
+ try_gbif('size/1', list_to_binary([1]), 1),
+ try_gbif('size/1', list_to_binary([1, 2]), 2),
+ try_gbif('size/1', list_to_binary([1, 2, 3]), 3),
+
+ try_gbif('element/2', {x}, {1, x}),
+ try_gbif('element/2', {x, y}, {1, x}),
+ try_gbif('element/2', {x, y}, {2, y}),
+
+ try_gbif('self/0', 0, self()),
+ try_gbif('node/0', 0, node()),
+ try_gbif('node/1', self(), node()),
+
+ %% Failing use of guard bifs.
+
+ try_fail_gbif('abs/1', Big, 1),
+ try_fail_gbif('abs/1', [], 1),
+
+ try_fail_gbif('float/1', Big, 42),
+ try_fail_gbif('float/1', [], 42),
+
+ try_fail_gbif('trunc/1', Float, 0.0),
+ try_fail_gbif('trunc/1', [], 0.0),
+
+ try_fail_gbif('round/1', Float, 1.0),
+ try_fail_gbif('round/1', [], a),
+
+ try_fail_gbif('length/1', [], 1),
+ try_fail_gbif('length/1', [a], 0),
+ try_fail_gbif('length/1', a, 0),
+ try_fail_gbif('length/1', {a}, 0),
+
+ try_fail_gbif('hd/1', [], 0),
+ try_fail_gbif('hd/1', [a], x),
+ try_fail_gbif('hd/1', x, x),
+
+ try_fail_gbif('tl/1', [], 0),
+ try_fail_gbif('tl/1', [a], x),
+ try_fail_gbif('tl/1', x, x),
+
+ try_fail_gbif('size/1', {}, 1),
+ try_fail_gbif('size/1', [], 0),
+ try_fail_gbif('size/1', [a], 1),
+ try_fail_gbif('size/1', fun() -> 1 end, 0),
+ try_fail_gbif('size/1', fun() -> 1 end, 1),
+
+ try_fail_gbif('element/2', {}, {1, x}),
+ try_fail_gbif('element/2', {x}, {1, y}),
+ try_fail_gbif('element/2', [], {1, z}),
+
+ try_fail_gbif('self/0', 0, list_to_pid("<0.0.0>")),
+ try_fail_gbif('node/0', 0, xxxx),
+ try_fail_gbif('node/1', self(), xxx),
+ try_fail_gbif('node/1', yyy, xxx),
+ ok.
+
+try_gbif(Id, X, Y) ->
+ case guard_bif(Id, X, Y) of
+ {Id, X, Y} ->
+ %% io:format("guard_bif(~p, ~p, ~p) -- ok\n", [Id, X, Y]);
+ ok;
+ Other ->
+ ok = io:format("guard_bif(~p, ~p, ~p) -- bad result: ~p\n",
+ [Id, X, Y, Other]),
+ exit({bad_result,try_gbif})
+ end.
+
+try_fail_gbif(Id, X, Y) ->
+ case catch guard_bif(Id, X, Y) of
+ %% {'EXIT', {function_clause,[{?MODULE,guard_bif,[Id,X,Y]}|_]}} ->
+ {'EXIT', {function_clause,_}} -> % in HiPE, a trace is not generated
+ %% io:format("guard_bif(~p, ~p, ~p) -- ok\n", [Id,X,Y]);
+ ok;
+ Other ->
+ ok = io:format("guard_bif(~p, ~p, ~p) -- bad result: ~p\n",
+ [Id, X, Y, Other]),
+ exit({bad_result,try_fail_gbif})
+ end.
+
+guard_bif('abs/1', X, Y) when abs(X) == Y ->
+ {'abs/1', X, Y};
+guard_bif('float/1', X, Y) when float(X) == Y ->
+ {'float/1', X, Y};
+guard_bif('trunc/1', X, Y) when trunc(X) == Y ->
+ {'trunc/1', X, Y};
+guard_bif('round/1', X, Y) when round(X) == Y ->
+ {'round/1', X, Y};
+guard_bif('length/1', X, Y) when length(X) == Y ->
+ {'length/1', X, Y};
+guard_bif('hd/1', X, Y) when hd(X) == Y ->
+ {'hd/1', X, Y};
+guard_bif('tl/1', X, Y) when tl(X) == Y ->
+ {'tl/1', X, Y};
+guard_bif('size/1', X, Y) when size(X) == Y ->
+ {'size/1', X, Y};
+guard_bif('element/2', X, {Pos, Expected}) when element(Pos, X) == Expected ->
+ {'element/2', X, {Pos, Expected}};
+guard_bif('self/0', X, Y) when self() == Y ->
+ {'self/0', X, Y};
+guard_bif('node/0', X, Y) when node() == Y ->
+ {'node/0', X, Y};
+guard_bif('node/1', X, Y) when node(X) == Y ->
+ {'node/1', X, Y}.