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Diffstat (limited to 'lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_distribution.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_distribution.xml | 166 |
1 files changed, 125 insertions, 41 deletions
diff --git a/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_distribution.xml b/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_distribution.xml index 61f88e3860..e14f3f90dc 100644 --- a/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_distribution.xml +++ b/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_distribution.xml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ <chapter> <header> <copyright> - <year>2000</year><year>2016</year> + <year>2000</year><year>2017</year> <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ </legalnotice> - <title>Using SSL for Erlang Distribution</title> + <title>Using TLS for Erlang Distribution</title> <prepared>P Nyblom</prepared> <responsible></responsible> <docno></docno> @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ <file>ssl_distribution.xml</file> </header> <p>This section describes how the Erlang distribution can use - SSL to get extra verification and security.</p> + TLS to get extra verification and security.</p> <p>The Erlang distribution can in theory use almost any connection-based protocol as bearer. However, a module that @@ -45,16 +45,16 @@ <p>In the SSL application, an extra distribution module, <c>inet_tls_dist</c>, can be used as an - alternative. All distribution connections will use SSL and + alternative. All distribution connections will use TLS and all participating Erlang nodes in a distributed system must use this distribution module.</p> <p>The security level depends on the parameters provided to the - SSL connection setup. Erlang node cookies are however always + TLS connection setup. Erlang node cookies are however always used, as they can be used to differentiate between two different Erlang networks.</p> - <p>To set up Erlang distribution over SSL:</p> + <p>To set up Erlang distribution over TLS:</p> <list type="bulleted"> <item><em>Step 1:</em> Build boot scripts including the @@ -63,13 +63,13 @@ <c>net_kernel</c>.</item> <item><em>Step 3:</em> Specify the security options and other SSL options.</item> - <item><em>Step 4:</em> Set up the environment to always use SSL.</item> + <item><em>Step 4:</em> Set up the environment to always use TLS.</item> </list> <p>The following sections describe these steps.</p> <section> - <title>Building Boot Scripts Including the ssl Application</title> + <title>Building Boot Scripts Including the SSL Application</title> <p>Boot scripts are built using the <c>systools</c> utility in the SASL application. For more information on <c>systools</c>, see the SASL documentation. This is only an example of @@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ STDLIB application.</p></item> </list> - <p>The following shows an example <c>.rel</c> file with SSL + <p>The following shows an example <c>.rel</c> file with TLS added:</p> <code type="none"> {release, {"OTP APN 181 01","R15A"}, {erts, "5.9"}, @@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ Eshell V5.0 (abort with ^G) <section> <title>Specifying Distribution Module for net_kernel</title> - <p>The distribution module for SSL is named <c>inet_tls_dist</c> + <p>The distribution module for SSL/TLS is named <c>inet_tls_dist</c> and is specified on the command line with option <c>-proto_dist</c>. The argument to <c>-proto_dist</c> is to be the module name without suffix <c>_dist</c>. So, this distribution @@ -174,21 +174,107 @@ Eshell V5.0 (abort with ^G) (ssl_test@myhost)1> </code> <p>However, a node started in this way refuses to talk - to other nodes, as no SSL parameters are supplied + to other nodes, as no TLS parameters are supplied (see the next section).</p> </section> <section> - <title>Specifying SSL Options</title> - <p>For SSL to work, at least - a public key and a certificate must be specified for the server - side. In the following example, the PEM-files consist of two - entries, the server certificate and its private key.</p> + <title>Specifying SSL/TLS Options</title> + + <p> + The SSL/TLS distribution options can be written into a file + that is consulted when the node is started. This file name + is then specified with the command line argument + <c>-ssl_dist_optfile</c>. + </p> + <p> + Any available SSL/TLS option can be specified in an options file, + but note that options that take a <c>fun()</c> has to use + the syntax <c>fun Mod:Func/Arity</c> since a function + body can not be compiled when consulting a file. + </p> + <p> + Do not tamper with the socket options + <c>list</c>, <c>binary</c>, <c>active</c>, <c>packet</c>, + <c>nodelay</c> and <c>deliver</c> since they are used + by the distribution protocol handler itself. + Other raw socket options such as <c>packet_size</c> may + interfere severely, so beware! + </p> + <p> + For SSL/TLS to work, at least a public key and a certificate + must be specified for the server side. + In the following example, the PEM file + <c>"/home/me/ssl/erlserver.pem"</c> contains both + the server certificate and its private key. + </p> + <p> + Create a file named for example + <c>"/home/me/ssl/[email protected]"</c>: + </p> + <code type="none"><![CDATA[ +[{server, + [{certfile, "/home/me/ssl/erlserver.pem"}, + {secure_renegotiate, true}]}, + {client, + [{secure_renegotiate, true}]}].]]> + </code> + <p> + And then start the node like this + (line breaks in the command are for readability, + and shall not be there when typed): + </p> + <code type="none"><![CDATA[ +$ erl -boot /home/me/ssl/start_ssl -proto_dist inet_tls + -ssl_dist_optfile "/home/me/ssl/[email protected]" + -sname ssl_test]]> + </code> + <p> + The options in the <c>{server, Opts}</c> tuple are used + when calling <c>ssl:ssl_accept/3</c>, and the options in the + <c>{client, Opts}</c> tuple are used when calling + <c>ssl:connect/4</c>. + </p> + <p> + For the client, the option + <c>{server_name_indication, atom_to_list(TargetNode)}</c> + is added when connecting. + This makes it possible to use the client option + <c>{verify, verify_peer}</c>, + and the client will verify that the certificate matches + the node name you are connecting to. + This only works if the the server certificate is issued + to the name <c>atom_to_list(TargetNode)</c>. + </p> + <p> + For the server it is also possible to use the option + <c>{verify, verify_peer}</c> and the server will only accept + client connections with certificates that are trusted by + a root certificate that the server knows. + A client that presents an untrusted certificate will be rejected. + This option is preferably combined with + <c>{fail_if_no_peer_cert, true}</c> or a client will + still be accepted if it does not present any certificate. + </p> + <p> + A node started in this way is fully functional, using TLS + as the distribution protocol. + </p> + </section> + + <section> + <title>Specifying SSL/TLS Options (Legacy)</title> + + <p> + As in the previous section the PEM file + <c>"/home/me/ssl/erlserver.pem"</c> contains both + the server certificate and its private key. + </p> <p>On the <c>erl</c> command line you can specify options that the - SSL distribution adds when creating a socket.</p> + SSL/TLS distribution adds when creating a socket.</p> - <p>The simplest SSL options in the following list can be specified + <p>The simplest SSL/TLS options in the following list can be specified by adding the prefix <c>server_</c> or <c>client_</c> to the option name:</p> <list type="bulleted"> @@ -208,7 +294,7 @@ Eshell V5.0 (abort with ^G) </list> <p>Note that <c>verify_fun</c> needs to be written in a different - form than the corresponding SSL option, since funs are not + form than the corresponding SSL/TLS option, since funs are not accepted on the command line.</p> <p>The server can also take the options <c>dhfile</c> and @@ -221,32 +307,34 @@ Eshell V5.0 (abort with ^G) <p>Raw socket options, such as <c>packet</c> and <c>size</c> must not be specified on the command line.</p> - <p>The command-line argument for specifying the SSL options is named + <p>The command-line argument for specifying the SSL/TLS options is named <c>-ssl_dist_opt</c> and is to be followed by pairs of SSL options and their values. Argument <c>-ssl_dist_opt</c> can be repeated any number of times.</p> - <p>An example command line can now look as follows + <p> + An example command line doing the same as the example + in the previous section can now look as follows (line breaks in the command are for readability, - and are not be there when typed):</p> - <code type="none"> + and shall not be there when typed): + </p> + <code type="none"><![CDATA[ $ erl -boot /home/me/ssl/start_ssl -proto_dist inet_tls - -ssl_dist_opt server_certfile "/home/me/ssl/erlserver.pem" + -ssl_dist_opt server_certfile "/home/me/ssl/erlserver.pem" -ssl_dist_opt server_secure_renegotiate true client_secure_renegotiate true -sname ssl_test Erlang (BEAM) emulator version 5.0 [source] - + Eshell V5.0 (abort with ^G) -(ssl_test@myhost)1> </code> - <p>A node started in this way is fully functional, using SSL - as the distribution protocol.</p> +(ssl_test@myhost)1>]]> + </code> </section> <section> - <title>Setting up Environment to Always Use SSL</title> + <title>Setting up Environment to Always Use SSL/TLS (Legacy)</title> <p>A convenient way to specify arguments to Erlang is to use environment variable <c>ERL_FLAGS</c>. All the flags needed to - use the SSL distribution can be specified in that variable and are + use the SSL/TLS distribution can be specified in that variable and are then interpreted as command-line arguments for all subsequent invocations of Erlang.</p> @@ -277,25 +365,21 @@ Eshell V5.0 (abort with ^G) </section> <section> - <title>Using SSL distribution over IPv6</title> - <p>It is possible to use SSL distribution over IPv6 instead of + <title>Using SSL/TLS distribution over IPv6</title> + <p>It is possible to use SSL/TLS distribution over IPv6 instead of IPv4. To do this, pass the option <c>-proto_dist inet6_tls</c> instead of <c>-proto_dist inet_tls</c> when starting Erlang, either on the command line or in the <c>ERL_FLAGS</c> environment variable.</p> <p>An example command line with this option would look like this:</p> - <code type="none"> + <code type="none"><![CDATA[ $ erl -boot /home/me/ssl/start_ssl -proto_dist inet6_tls - -ssl_dist_opt server_certfile "/home/me/ssl/erlserver.pem" - -ssl_dist_opt server_secure_renegotiate true client_secure_renegotiate true - -sname ssl_test -Erlang (BEAM) emulator version 5.0 [source] - -Eshell V5.0 (abort with ^G) -(ssl_test@myhost)1> </code> + -ssl_dist_optfile "/home/me/ssl/[email protected]" + -sname ssl_test]]> + </code> <p>A node started in this way will only be able to communicate with - other nodes using SSL distribution over IPv6.</p> + other nodes using SSL/TLS distribution over IPv6.</p> </section> </chapter> |