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-rw-r--r--lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_distribution.xml209
-rw-r--r--lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_protocol.xml14
2 files changed, 114 insertions, 109 deletions
diff --git a/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_distribution.xml b/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_distribution.xml
index 7bcc12eb5f..a2c7370ddc 100644
--- a/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_distribution.xml
+++ b/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_distribution.xml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
<chapter>
<header>
<copyright>
- <year>2000</year><year>2010</year>
+ <year>2000</year><year>2011</year>
<holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder>
</copyright>
<legalnotice>
@@ -33,36 +33,32 @@
</header>
<p>This chapter describes how the Erlang distribution can use
SSL to get additional verification and security.
-
- <note><p>Note this
- documentation is written for the old ssl implementation and
- will be updated for the new one once this functionality is
- supported by the new implementation.</p></note>
</p>
<section>
<title>Introduction</title>
<p>The Erlang distribution can in theory use almost any connection
based protocol as bearer. A module that implements the protocol
- specific parts of connection setup is however needed. The
+ specific parts of the connection setup is however needed. The
default distribution module is <c>inet_tcp_dist</c> which is
included in the Kernel application. When starting an
Erlang node distributed, <c>net_kernel</c> uses this module to
setup listen ports and connections. </p>
- <p>In the SSL application there is an additional distribution
- module, <c>inet_ssl_dist</c> which can be used as an
+
+ <p>In the SSL application there is an additional distribution
+ module, <c>inet_tls_dist</c> which can be used as an
alternative. All distribution connections will be using SSL and
all participating Erlang nodes in a distributed system must use
this distribution module.</p>
- <p>The security depends on how the connections are set up, one can
- use key files or certificates to just get a encrypted
- connection. One can also make the SSL package verify the
- certificates of other nodes to get additional security.
- Cookies are however always used as they can be used to
- differentiate between two different Erlang networks.</p>
+
+ <p>The security level depends on the parameters provided to the
+ SSL connection setup. Erlang node cookies are however always
+ used, as they can be used to differentiate between two different
+ Erlang networks.</p>
<p>Setting up Erlang distribution over SSL involves some simple but
necessary steps:</p>
- <list type="bulleted">
+
+ <list type="bulleted">
<item>Building boot scripts including the SSL application</item>
<item>Specifying the distribution module for net_kernel</item>
<item>Specifying security options and other SSL options</item>
@@ -77,122 +73,135 @@
SASL application. Refer to the SASL documentations
for more information on systools. This is only an example of
what can be done.</p>
- <p>The simplest boot script possible includes only the Kernel
+
+ <p>The simplest boot script possible includes only the Kernel
and STDLIB applications. Such a script is located in the
Erlang distributions bin directory. The source for the script
can be found under the Erlang installation top directory under
- <c><![CDATA[releases/<OTP version>start_clean.rel]]></c>. Copy that
+ <c><![CDATA[releases/<OTP version>/start_clean.rel]]></c>. Copy that
script to another location (and preferably another name)
- and add the SSL application with its current version number
+ and add the applications crypto, public_key and SSL with their current version numbers
after the STDLIB application.</p>
<p>An example .rel file with SSL added may look like this:</p>
+
<code type="none">
-{release, {"OTP APN 181 01","P7A"}, {erts, "5.0"},
- [{kernel,"2.5"},
- {stdlib,"1.8.1"},
- {ssl,"2.2.1"}]}. </code>
- <p>Note that the version numbers surely will differ in your system.
- Whenever one of the applications included in the script is
- upgraded, the script has to be changed.</p>
- <p>Assuming the above .rel file is stored in a file
- <c>start_ssl.rel</c> in the current directory, a boot script
- can be built like this:</p>
- <code type="none">
-1> systools:make_script("start_ssl",[]). </code>
- <p>There will now be a file <c>start_ssl.boot</c> in the current
- directory. To test the boot script, start Erlang with the
- <c>-boot</c> command line parameter specifying this boot script
- (with its full path but without the <c>.boot</c> suffix), in
- Unix it could look like this:</p>
- <p></p>
- <code type="none"><![CDATA[
+ {release, {"OTP APN 181 01","R15A"}, {erts, "5.9"},
+ [{kernel,"2.15"},
+ {stdlib,"1.18"},
+ {crypto, "2.0.3"},
+ {public_key, "0.12"},
+ {ssl, "5.0"}
+ ]}.
+ </code>
+
+ <p>Note that the version numbers surely will differ in your system.
+ Whenever one of the applications included in the script is
+ upgraded, the script has to be changed.</p>
+ <p>Assuming the above .rel file is stored in a file
+ <c>start_ssl.rel</c> in the current directory, a boot script
+ can be built like this:</p>
+
+ <code type="none">
+ 1> systools:make_script("start_ssl",[]). </code>
+
+ <p>There will now be a file <c>start_ssl.boot</c> in the current
+ directory. To test the boot script, start Erlang with the
+ <c>-boot</c> command line parameter specifying this boot script
+ (with its full path but without the <c>.boot</c> suffix), in
+ Unix it could look like this:</p>
+ <p></p>
+
+ <code type="none"><![CDATA[
$ erl -boot /home/me/ssl/start_ssl
Erlang (BEAM) emulator version 5.0
Eshell V5.0 (abort with ^G)
-1> whereis(ssl_server).
-<0.32.0> ]]></code>
+1> whereis(ssl_manager).
+<0.41.0> ]]></code>
<p>The <c>whereis</c> function call verifies that the SSL
application is really started.</p>
- <p>As an alternative to building a bootscript, one can explicitly
- add the path to the ssl <c>ebin</c> directory on the command
+
+ <p>As an alternative to building a bootscript, one can explicitly
+ add the path to the SSL <c>ebin</c> directory on the command
line. This is done with the command line option <c>-pa</c>. This
- works as the ssl application really need not be started for the
- distribution to come up, a primitive version of the ssl server
- is started by the distribution module itself, so as long as the
- primitive code server can reach the code, the distribution will
+ works as the SSL application does not need to be started for the
+ distribution to come up, as a clone of the SSL application is
+ hooked into the kernel application, so as long as the
+ SSL applications code can be reached, the distribution will
start. The <c>-pa</c> method is only recommended for testing
purposes.</p>
+
+ <note><p>Note that the clone of the SSL application is necessary to
+ enable the use of the SSL code in such an early bootstage as
+ needed to setup the distribution, however this will make it
+ impossible to soft upgrade the SSL application.</p></note>
</section>
<section>
<title>Specifying distribution module for net_kernel</title>
- <p>The distribution module for SSL is named <c>inet_ssl_dist</c>
- and is specified on the command line whit the <c>-proto_dist</c>
+ <p>The distribution module for SSL is named <c>inet_tls_dist</c>
+ and is specified on the command line with the <c>-proto_dist</c>
option. The argument to <c>-proto_dist</c> should be the module
name without the <c>_dist</c> suffix, so this distribution
- module is specified with <c>-proto_dist inet_ssl</c> on the
+ module is specified with <c>-proto_dist inet_tls</c> on the
command line.</p>
<p></p>
+
<p>Extending the command line from above gives us the following:</p>
<code type="none">
-$ erl -boot /home/me/ssl/start_ssl -proto_dist inet_ssl </code>
- <p>For the distribution to actually be started, we need to give
- the emulator a name as well:</p>
+$ erl -boot /home/me/ssl/start_ssl -proto_dist inet_tls </code>
+
+<p>For the distribution to actually be started, we need to give
+the emulator a name as well:</p>
<code type="none">
-$ erl -boot /home/me/ssl/start_ssl -proto_dist inet_ssl -sname ssl_test
+$ erl -boot /home/me/ssl/start_ssl -proto_dist inet_tls -sname ssl_test
Erlang (BEAM) emulator version 5.0 [source]
Eshell V5.0 (abort with ^G)
(ssl_test@myhost)1> </code>
<p>Note however that a node started in this way will refuse to talk
- to other nodes, as no certificates or key files are supplied
+ to other nodes, as no ssl parameters are supplied
(see below).</p>
- <p>When the SSL distribution starts, the OTP system is in its
- early boot stage, why neither <c>application</c> nor <c>code</c>
- are usable. As SSL needs to start a port program in this early
- stage, it tries to determine the path to that program from the
- primitive code loaders code path. If this fails, one need to
- specify the directory where the port program resides. This can
- be done either with an environment variable
- <c>ERL_SSL_PORTPROGRAM_DIR</c> or with the command line option
- <c>-ssl_portprogram_dir</c>. The value should be the directory
- where the <c>ssl_esock</c> port program is located. Note that
- this option is never needed in a normal Erlang installation.</p>
</section>
<section>
- <title>Specifying security options and other SSL options</title>
- <p>For SSL to work, you either need certificate files or a
- key file. Certificate files can be specified both when working as
- client and as server (connecting or accepting). </p>
- <p></p>
+ <title>Specifying SSL options</title> <p>For SSL to work, at least
+ a public key and certificate needs to be specified for the server
+ side. In the following example the PEM-files consists of two
+ entries the servers certificate and its private key.</p>
+
<p>On the <c>erl</c> command line one can specify options that the
- ssl distribution will add when creation a socket. It is
- mandatory to specify at least a key file or client and server
- certificates. One can specify any <em>SSL option</em> on the
- command line, but must not specify any socket options (like
- packet size and such). The SSL options are listed in the
- Reference Manual. The only difference between the
- options in the reference manual and the ones that can be
- specified to the distribution on the command line is that
- <c>certfile</c> can (and usually needs to) be specified as
- <c>client_certfile</c> and <c>server_certfile</c>. The
- <c>client_certfile</c> is used when the distribution initiates a
- connection to another node and the <c>server_certfile</c> is used
- when accepting a connection from a remote node. </p>
- <p>The command line argument for specifying the SSL options is named
- <c>-ssl_dist_opt</c> and should be followed by an even number of
- SSL options/option values. The <c>-ssl_dist_opt</c> argument can
- be repeated any number of times.</p>
- <p>An example command line would now look something like this
+ SSL distribution will add when creating a socket.</p>
+
+ <p>One can specify the simpler SSL options certfile, keyfile,
+ password, cacertfile, verify, reuse_sessions,
+ secure_renegotiation, depth, hibernate_after and ciphers (use old
+ string format) by adding the prefix server_ or client_ to the
+ option name. The server can also take the options dhfile and
+ fail_if_no_peer_cert (also prefixed).
+ <c>client_</c>-prfixed options are used when the distribution initiates a
+ connection to another node and the <c>server_</c>-prefixed options are used
+ when accepting a connection from a remote node. </p>
+
+ <p> More complex options such as verify_fun are not available at
+ the moment but a mechanism to handle such options may be added in
+ a future release. </p>
+
+ <p> Raw socket options such as packet and size must not be specified on
+ the command line</p>.
+
+ <p>The command line argument for specifying the SSL options is named
+ <c>-ssl_dist_opt</c> and should be followed by pairs of
+ SSL options and their values. The <c>-ssl_dist_opt</c> argument can
+ be repeated any number of times.</p>
+
+ <p>An example command line would now look something like this
(line breaks in the command are for readability,
they should not be there when typed):</p>
<code type="none">
-$ erl -boot /home/me/ssl/start_ssl -proto_dist inet_ssl
- -ssl_dist_opt client_certfile "/home/me/ssl/erlclient.pem"
+$ erl -boot /home/me/ssl/start_ssl -proto_dist inet_tls
-ssl_dist_opt server_certfile "/home/me/ssl/erlserver.pem"
- -ssl_dist_opt verify 1 depth 1
+ -ssl_dist_opt server_secure_renegotiation true client_secure_renegotiate true
-sname ssl_test
Erlang (BEAM) emulator version 5.0 [source]
@@ -211,12 +220,11 @@ Eshell V5.0 (abort with ^G)
subsequent invocations of Erlang.</p>
<p></p>
<p>In a Unix (Bourne) shell it could look like this (line breaks for
- readability):</p>
+ readability, they should not be there when typed):</p>
<code type="none">
-$ ERL_FLAGS="-boot \\"/home/me/ssl/start_ssl\\" -proto_dist inet_ssl
- -ssl_dist_opt client_certfile \\"/home/me/ssl/erlclient.pem\\"
- -ssl_dist_opt server_certfile \\"/home/me/ssl/erlserver.pem\\"
- -ssl_dist_opt verify 1 -ssl_dist_opt depth 1"
+$ ERL_FLAGS="-boot /home/me/ssl/start_ssl -proto_dist inet_tls
+ -ssl_dist_opt server_certfile /home/me/ssl/erlserver.pem
+ -ssl_dist_opt server_secure_renegotiation true client_secure_renegotiate true"
$ export ERL_FLAGS
$ erl -sname ssl_test
Erlang (BEAM) emulator version 5.0 [source]
@@ -227,15 +235,12 @@ Eshell V5.0 (abort with ^G)
{progname,["erl "]},
{sname,["ssl_test"]},
{boot,["/home/me/ssl/start_ssl"]},
- {proto_dist,["inet_ssl"]},
- {ssl_dist_opt,["client_certfile","/home/me/ssl/erlclient.pem"]},
+ {proto_dist,["inet_tls"]},
{ssl_dist_opt,["server_certfile","/home/me/ssl/erlserver.pem"]},
- {ssl_dist_opt,["verify","1"]},
- {ssl_dist_opt,["depth","1"]},
+ {ssl_dist_opt,["server_secure_renegotiation","true",
+ "client_secure_renegotiate","true"]
{home,["/home/me"]}] </code>
<p>The <c>init:get_arguments()</c> call verifies that the correct
arguments are supplied to the emulator. </p>
</section>
</chapter>
-
-
diff --git a/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_protocol.xml b/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_protocol.xml
index ff6c769f6c..17268a634d 100644
--- a/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_protocol.xml
+++ b/lib/ssl/doc/src/ssl_protocol.xml
@@ -25,18 +25,18 @@
<file>ssl_protocol.xml</file>
</header>
- <p>The erlang ssl application currently supports SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0
+ <p>The erlang SSL application currently supports SSL 3.0 and TLS 1.0
RFC 2246, and will in the future also support later versions of TLS.
SSL 2.0 is not supported.
</p>
- <p>By default erlang ssl is run over the TCP/IP protocol even
+ <p>By default erlang SSL is run over the TCP/IP protocol even
though you could plug in any other reliable transport protocol
with the same API as gen_tcp.</p>
<p>If a client and server wants to use an upgrade mechanism, such as
- defined by RFC2817, to upgrade a regular TCP/IP connection to an ssl
- connection the erlang ssl API supports this. This can be useful for
+ defined by RFC2817, to upgrade a regular TCP/IP connection to an SSL
+ connection the erlang SSL API supports this. This can be useful for
things such as supporting HTTP and HTTPS on the same port and
implementing virtual hosting.
</p>
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
connections. Sessions are used to avoid the expensive negotiation
of new security parameters for each connection."</p>
- <p>Session data is by default kept by the ssl application in a
+ <p>Session data is by default kept by the SSL application in a
memory storage hence session data will be lost at application
restart or takeover. Users may define their own callback module
to handle session data storage if persistent data storage is
@@ -140,8 +140,8 @@
possible to configure the amount of time the session data should be
saved.</p>
- <p>Ssl clients will by default try to reuse an available session,
- ssl servers will by default agree to reuse sessions when clients
+ <p>SSL clients will by default try to reuse an available session,
+ SSL servers will by default agree to reuse sessions when clients
ask to do so.</p>
</section>