diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'lib/stdlib/doc/src')
25 files changed, 555 insertions, 272 deletions
diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/Makefile b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/Makefile index ff77c3eea0..f5d8b2072a 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/Makefile +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/Makefile @@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ XML_REF3_FILES = \ ms_transform.xml \ orddict.xml \ ordsets.xml \ - pg.xml \ pool.xml \ proc_lib.xml \ proplists.xml \ diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/binary.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/binary.xml index 2410f1f9b8..6c0968d242 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/binary.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/binary.xml @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ <header> <copyright> <year>2009</year> - <year>2013</year> + <year>2014</year> <holder>Ericsson AB, All Rights Reserved</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> @@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ store(Binary, GBSet) -> </code> <p>In this example, we chose to copy the binary content before - inserting it in the <c>gb_set()</c> if it references a binary more than + inserting it in the <c>gb_sets:set()</c> if it references a binary more than twice the size of the data we're going to keep. Of course different rules for when copying will apply to different programs.</p> @@ -578,6 +578,10 @@ store(Binary, GBSet) -> <item><p>Removes trailing empty parts of the result (as does trim in <c>re:split/3</c>)</p></item> + <tag>trim_all</tag> + + <item><p>Removes all empty parts of the result.</p></item> + <tag>global</tag> <item><p>Repeats the split until the <c><anno>Subject</anno></c> is diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/calendar.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/calendar.xml index e32a639b81..d8193a9ec2 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/calendar.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/calendar.xml @@ -270,7 +270,8 @@ <fsummary>Convert now to local date and time</fsummary> <desc> <p>This function returns local date and time converted from - the return value from <c>erlang:now()</c>.</p> + the return value from + <seealso marker="erts:erlang#timestamp/0"><c>erlang:timestamp/0</c></seealso>.</p> </desc> </func> <func> @@ -279,7 +280,8 @@ <fsummary>Convert now to date and time</fsummary> <desc> <p>This function returns Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) - converted from the return value from <c>erlang:now()</c>.</p> + converted from the return value from + <seealso marker="erts:erlang#timestamp/0"><c>erlang:timestamp/0</c></seealso>.</p> </desc> </func> <func> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/ets.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/ets.xml index 3df24bf688..6b9524ef63 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/ets.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/ets.xml @@ -456,6 +456,12 @@ Error: fun containing local Erlang function calls <item><c>{type, <seealso marker="#type-type">type()</seealso>}</c> <br></br> The table type.</item> + <item><c>{read_concurrency, boolean()}</c> <br></br> + + Indicates whether the table uses read_concurrency or not.</item> + <item><c>{write_concurrency, boolean()}</c> <br></br> + + Indicates whether the table uses write_concurrency or not.</item> </list> </desc> </func> @@ -1587,6 +1593,21 @@ true</pre> </desc> </func> <func> + <name name="take" arity="2"/> + <fsummary>Return and remove all objects with a given key from an ETS + table.</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>Returns a list of all objects with the key <c><anno>Key</anno></c> in + the table <c><anno>Tab</anno></c> and removes.</p> + <p>The given <c><anno>Key</anno></c> is used to identify the object by + either <em>comparing equal</em> the key of an object in an + <c>ordered_set</c> table, or <em>matching</em> in other types of + tables (see <seealso marker="#lookup/2">lookup/2</seealso> and + <seealso marker="#new/2">new/2</seealso> for details on the + difference).</p> + </desc> + </func> + <func> <name name="to_dets" arity="2"/> <fsummary>Fill a Dets table with objects from an ETS table.</fsummary> <desc> @@ -1597,14 +1618,18 @@ true</pre> </func> <func> <name name="update_counter" arity="3" clause_i="1"/> + <name name="update_counter" arity="4" clause_i="1"/> <name name="update_counter" arity="3" clause_i="2"/> + <name name="update_counter" arity="4" clause_i="2"/> <name name="update_counter" arity="3" clause_i="3"/> + <name name="update_counter" arity="4" clause_i="3"/> <type variable="Tab"/> <type variable="Key"/> <type variable="UpdateOp" name_i="1"/> <type variable="Pos" name_i="1"/> <type variable="Threshold" name_i="1"/> <type variable="SetValue" name_i="1"/> + <type variable="Default"/> <fsummary>Update a counter object in an ETS table.</fsummary> <desc> <p>This function provides an efficient way to update one or more @@ -1646,12 +1671,22 @@ true</pre> <seealso marker="#lookup/2">lookup/2</seealso> and <seealso marker="#new/2">new/2</seealso> for details on the difference).</p> + <p>If a default object <c><anno>Default</anno></c> is given, it is used + as the object to be updated if the key is missing from the table. The + value in place of the key is ignored and replaced by the proper key + value. The return value is as if the default object had not been used, + that is a single updated element or a list of them.</p> <p>The function will fail with reason <c>badarg</c> if:</p> <list type="bulleted"> <item>the table is not of type <c>set</c> or <c>ordered_set</c>,</item> - <item>no object with the right key exists,</item> + <item>no object with the right key exists and no default object were + supplied,</item> <item>the object has the wrong arity,</item> + <item>the default object arity is smaller than + <c><![CDATA[<keypos>]]></c></item> + <item>any field from the default object being updated is not an + integer</item> <item>the element to update is not an integer,</item> <item>the element to update is also the key, or,</item> <item>any of <c><anno>Pos</anno></c>, <c><anno>Incr</anno></c>, <c><anno>Threshold</anno></c> or diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/file_sorter.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/file_sorter.xml index 16572df3c5..c069333c29 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/file_sorter.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/file_sorter.xml @@ -105,9 +105,9 @@ <c>file:get_cwd()</c> is used instead. The names of temporary files are derived from the Erlang nodename (<c>node()</c>), the process identifier of the current Erlang - emulator (<c>os:getpid()</c>), and a timestamp - (<c>erlang:now()</c>); a typical name would be - <c>fs_mynode@myhost_1763_1043_337000_266005.17</c>, where + emulator (<c>os:getpid()</c>), and a unique integer + (<c>erlang:unique_integer([positive])</c>); a typical name would be + <c>fs_mynode@myhost_1763_4711.17</c>, where <c>17</c> is a sequence number. Existing files will be overwritten. Temporary files are deleted unless some uncaught EXIT signal occurs. diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/gen_event.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/gen_event.xml index b9dfff833e..5c96d6e576 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/gen_event.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/gen_event.xml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ <erlref> <header> <copyright> - <year>1996</year><year>2013</year> + <year>1996</year><year>2014</year> <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> @@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ <pre> gen_event module Callback module ---------------- --------------- +gen_event:start gen_event:start_link -----> - gen_event:add_handler @@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ gen_event:stop -----> Module:terminate/2 <name>add_handler(EventMgrRef, Handler, Args) -> Result</name> <fsummary>Add an event handler to a generic event manager.</fsummary> <type> - <v>EventMgr = Name | {Name,Node} | {global,GlobalName} + <v>EventMgrRef = Name | {Name,Node} | {global,GlobalName} | {via,Module,ViaName} | pid()</v> <v> Name = Node = atom()</v> <v> GlobalName = ViaName = term()</v> @@ -223,7 +224,7 @@ gen_event:stop -----> Module:terminate/2 <name>add_sup_handler(EventMgrRef, Handler, Args) -> Result</name> <fsummary>Add a supervised event handler to a generic event manager.</fsummary> <type> - <v>EventMgr = Name | {Name,Node} | {global,GlobalName} + <v>EventMgrRef = Name | {Name,Node} | {global,GlobalName} | {via,Module,ViaName} | pid()</v> <v> Name = Node = atom()</v> <v> GlobalName = ViaName = term()</v> @@ -456,19 +457,37 @@ gen_event:stop -----> Module:terminate/2 </func> <func> <name>stop(EventMgrRef) -> ok</name> + <name>stop(EventMgrRef, Reason, Timeout) -> ok</name> <fsummary>Terminate a generic event manager.</fsummary> <type> <v>EventMgrRef = Name | {Name,Node} | {global,GlobalName} | {via,Module,ViaName} | pid()</v> <v>Name = Node = atom()</v> <v>GlobalName = ViaName = term()</v> + <v>Reason = term()</v> + <v>Timeout = int()>0 | infinity</v> </type> <desc> - <p>Terminates the event manager <c>EventMgrRef</c>. Before - terminating, the event manager will call - <c>Module:terminate(stop,...)</c> for each installed event - handler.</p> - <p>See <c>add_handler/3</c> for a description of the argument.</p> + <p>Orders the event manager <c>EventMgrRef</c> to exit with + the given <c>Reason</c> and waits for it to + terminate. Before terminating, the gen_event will call + <seealso marker="#Module:terminate/2">Module:terminate(stop,...)</seealso> + for each installed event handler.</p> + <p>The function returns <c>ok</c> if the event manager terminates + with the expected reason. Any other reason than <c>normal</c>, + <c>shutdown</c>, or <c>{shutdown,Term}</c> will cause an + error report to be issued using + <seealso marker="kernel:error_logger#format/2">error_logger:format/2</seealso>. + The default <c>Reason</c> is <c>normal</c>.</p> + <p><c>Timeout</c> is an integer greater than zero which + specifies how many milliseconds to wait for the event manager to + terminate, or the atom <c>infinity</c> to wait + indefinitely. The default value is <c>infinity</c>. If the + event manager has not terminated within the specified time, a + <c>timeout</c> exception is raised.</p> + <p>If the process does not exist, a <c>noproc</c> exception + is raised.</p> + <p>See <c>add_handler/3</c> for a description of <c>EventMgrRef</c>.</p> </desc> </func> </funcs> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/gen_fsm.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/gen_fsm.xml index 848d57f3e6..b1bba3eff0 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/gen_fsm.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/gen_fsm.xml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ <erlref> <header> <copyright> - <year>1996</year><year>2013</year> + <year>1996</year><year>2014</year> <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> @@ -43,8 +43,11 @@ <pre> gen_fsm module Callback module -------------- --------------- +gen_fsm:start gen_fsm:start_link -----> Module:init/1 +gen_fsm:stop -----> Module:terminate/3 + gen_fsm:send_event -----> Module:StateName/2 gen_fsm:send_all_state_event -----> Module:handle_event/3 @@ -187,6 +190,39 @@ gen_fsm:sync_send_all_state_event -----> Module:handle_sync_event/4 </desc> </func> <func> + <name>stop(FsmRef) -> ok</name> + <name>stop(FsmRef, Reason, Timeout) -> ok</name> + <fsummary>Synchronously stop a generic FSM.</fsummary> + <type> + <v>FsmRef = Name | {Name,Node} | {global,GlobalName} + | {via,Module,ViaName} | pid()</v> + <v> Node = atom()</v> + <v> GlobalName = ViaName = term()</v> + <v>Reason = term()</v> + <v>Timeout = int()>0 | infinity</v> + </type> + <desc> + <p>Orders a generic FSM to exit with the given <c>Reason</c> + and waits for it to terminate. The gen_fsm will call + <seealso marker="#Module:terminate/3">Module:terminate/3</seealso> + before exiting.</p> + <p>The function returns <c>ok</c> if the generic FSM terminates + with the expected reason. Any other reason than <c>normal</c>, + <c>shutdown</c>, or <c>{shutdown,Term}</c> will cause an + error report to be issued using + <seealso marker="kernel:error_logger#format/2">error_logger:format/2</seealso>. + The default <c>Reason</c> is <c>normal</c>.</p> + <p><c>Timeout</c> is an integer greater than zero which + specifies how many milliseconds to wait for the generic FSM + to terminate, or the atom <c>infinity</c> to wait + indefinitely. The default value is <c>infinity</c>. If the + generic FSM has not terminated within the specified time, a + <c>timeout</c> exception is raised.</p> + <p>If the process does not exist, a <c>noproc</c> exception + is raised.</p> + </desc> + </func> + <func> <name>send_event(FsmRef, Event) -> ok</name> <fsummary>Send an event asynchronously to a generic FSM.</fsummary> <type> @@ -528,7 +564,8 @@ gen_fsm:sync_send_all_state_event -----> Module:handle_sync_event/4 <c>Module:init/1</c> for a description of <c>Timeout</c> and <c>hibernate</c>.</p> <p>If the function returns <c>{stop,Reason,NewStateData}</c>, the gen_fsm will call - <c>Module:terminate(Reason,NewStateData)</c> and terminate.</p> + <c>Module:terminate(Reason,StateName,NewStateData)</c> and + terminate.</p> </desc> </func> <func> @@ -614,7 +651,8 @@ gen_fsm:sync_send_all_state_event -----> Module:handle_sync_event/4 <c>{stop,Reason,NewStateData}</c>, any reply to <c>From</c> must be given explicitly using <c>gen_fsm:reply/2</c>. The gen_fsm will then call - <c>Module:terminate(Reason,NewStateData)</c> and terminate.</p> + <c>Module:terminate(Reason,StateName,NewStateData)</c> and + terminate.</p> </desc> </func> <func> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/gen_server.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/gen_server.xml index 62c0394479..a915e567a5 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/gen_server.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/gen_server.xml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ <erlref> <header> <copyright> - <year>1996</year><year>2013</year> + <year>1996</year><year>2014</year> <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> @@ -43,8 +43,11 @@ <pre> gen_server module Callback module ----------------- --------------- +gen_server:start gen_server:start_link -----> Module:init/1 +gen_server:stop -----> Module:terminate/2 + gen_server:call gen_server:multi_call -----> Module:handle_call/3 @@ -184,6 +187,40 @@ gen_server:abcast -----> Module:handle_cast/2 </desc> </func> <func> + <name>stop(ServerRef) -> ok</name> + <name>stop(ServerRef, Reason, Timeout) -> ok</name> + <fsummary>Synchronously stop a generic server.</fsummary> + <type> + <v>ServerRef = Name | {Name,Node} | {global,GlobalName} + | {via,Module,ViaName} | pid()</v> + <v> Node = atom()</v> + <v> GlobalName = ViaName = term()</v> + <v>Reason = term()</v> + <v>Timeout = int()>0 | infinity</v> + </type> + <desc> + <p>Orders a generic server to exit with the + given <c>Reason</c> and waits for it to terminate. The + gen_server will call + <seealso marker="#Module:terminate/2">Module:terminate/2</seealso> + before exiting.</p> + <p>The function returns <c>ok</c> if the server terminates + with the expected reason. Any other reason than <c>normal</c>, + <c>shutdown</c>, or <c>{shutdown,Term}</c> will cause an + error report to be issued using + <seealso marker="kernel:error_logger#format/2">error_logger:format/2</seealso>. + The default <c>Reason</c> is <c>normal</c>.</p> + <p><c>Timeout</c> is an integer greater than zero which + specifies how many milliseconds to wait for the server to + terminate, or the atom <c>infinity</c> to wait + indefinitely. The default value is <c>infinity</c>. If the + server has not terminated within the specified time, a + <c>timeout</c> exception is raised.</p> + <p>If the process does not exist, a <c>noproc</c> exception + is raised.</p> + </desc> + </func> + <func> <name>call(ServerRef, Request) -> Reply</name> <name>call(ServerRef, Request, Timeout) -> Reply</name> <fsummary>Make a synchronous call to a generic server.</fsummary> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/io.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/io.xml index a28180b42a..8ebfdb2e7f 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/io.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/io.xml @@ -505,7 +505,8 @@ ok <p>Writes the data with standard syntax in the same way as <c>~w</c>, but breaks terms whose printed representation is longer than one line into many lines and indents each - line sensibly. It also tries to detect lists of + line sensibly. Left justification is not supported. + It also tries to detect lists of printable characters and to output these as strings. The Unicode translation modifier is used for determining what characters are printable. For example:</p> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/io_lib.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/io_lib.xml index 3312b08064..2117d66381 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/io_lib.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/io_lib.xml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ <erlref> <header> <copyright> - <year>1996</year><year>2013</year> + <year>1996</year><year>2014</year> <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> @@ -59,6 +59,35 @@ <datatype> <name name="latin1_string"/> </datatype> + <datatype> + <name name="format_spec"/> + <desc><p>Description:</p> + <list type="bulleted"> + <item><p><c>control_char</c> is the type of control + sequence: <c>$P</c>, <c>$w</c>, and so on;</p> + </item> + <item><p><c>args</c> is a list of the arguments used by the + control sequence, or an empty list if the control sequence + does not take any arguments;</p> + </item> + <item><p><c>width</c> is the field width;</p> + </item> + <item><p><c>adjust</c> is the adjustment;</p> + </item> + <item><p><c>precision</c> is the precision of the printed + argument;</p> + </item> + <item><p><c>pad_char</c> is the padding character;</p> + </item> + <item><p><c>encoding</c> is set to <c>true</c> if the translation + modifier <c>t</c> is present;</p> + </item> + <item><p><c>strings</c> is set to <c>false</c> if the modifier + <c>l</c> is present.</p> + </item> + </list> + </desc> + </datatype> </datatypes> <funcs> <func> @@ -260,6 +289,45 @@ </desc> </func> <func> + <name name="scan_format" arity="2"/> + <fsummary>Parse all control sequences in the format string</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>Returns a list corresponding to the given format string, + where control sequences have been replaced with + corresponding tuples. This list can be passed to <seealso + marker="#build_text/1">io_lib:build_text/1</seealso> to have + the same effect as <c>io_lib:format(Format, Args)</c>, or to + <seealso + marker="#unscan_format/1">io_lib:unscan_format/1</seealso> + in order to get the corresponding pair of <c>Format</c> and + <c>Args</c> (with every <c>*</c> and corresponding argument + expanded to numeric values).</p> + <p>A typical use of this function is to replace unbounded-size + control sequences like <c>~w</c> and <c>~p</c> with the + depth-limited variants <c>~W</c> and <c>~P</c> before + formatting to text, e.g. in a logger.</p> + </desc> + </func> + <func> + <name name="unscan_format" arity="1"/> + <fsummary>Revert a pre-parsed format list to a plain character list + and a list of arguments</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>See <seealso + marker="#scan_format/2">io_lib:scan_format/2</seealso> for + details.</p> + </desc> + </func> + <func> + <name name="build_text" arity="1"/> + <fsummary>Build the output text for a pre-parsed format list</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>See <seealso + marker="#scan_format/2">io_lib:scan_format/2</seealso> for + details.</p> + </desc> + </func> + <func> <name name="indentation" arity="2"/> <fsummary>Indentation after printing string</fsummary> <desc> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/maps.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/maps.xml index f766c843be..59c26d9896 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/maps.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/maps.xml @@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ Returns a tuple <c>{ok, Value}</c> where <c><anno>Value</anno></c> is the value associated with <c><anno>Key</anno></c>, or <c>error</c> if no value is associated with <c><anno>Key</anno></c> in <c><anno>Map</anno></c>. </p> + <p> + The call will fail with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map. + </p> <p>Example:</p> <code type="none"> > Map = #{"hi" => 42}, @@ -95,8 +98,10 @@ <p> Returns the value <c><anno>Value</anno></c> associated with <c><anno>Key</anno></c> if <c><anno>Map</anno></c> contains <c><anno>Key</anno></c>. - If no value is associated with <c><anno>Key</anno></c> then the call will - fail with an exception. + </p> + <p> + The call will fail with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map, + or with a <c>{badkey,Key}</c> exception if no value is associated with <c><anno>Key</anno></c>. </p> <p>Example:</p> <code type="none"> @@ -116,6 +121,10 @@ <c><anno>Map</anno></c> contains <c><anno>Key</anno></c>. If no value is associated with <c><anno>Key</anno></c> then returns <c><anno>Default</anno></c>. </p> + <p> + The call will fail with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map. + + </p> <p>Example:</p> <code type="none"> > Map = #{ key1 => val1, key2 => val2 }. @@ -134,7 +143,9 @@ val1 <p> Returns <c>true</c> if map <c><anno>Map</anno></c> contains <c><anno>Key</anno></c> and returns <c>false</c> if it does not contain the <c><anno>Key</anno></c>. - The function will fail with an exception if <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a Map. + </p> + <p> + The call will fail with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map. </p> <p>Example:</p> <code type="none"> @@ -154,6 +165,9 @@ false</code> <p> Returns a complete list of keys, in arbitrary order, which resides within <c><anno>Map</anno></c>. </p> + <p> + The call will fail with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map. + </p> <p>Example:</p> <code type="none"> > Map = #{42 => value_three,1337 => "value two","a" => 1}, @@ -189,6 +203,10 @@ false</code> Merges two maps into a single map <c><anno>Map3</anno></c>. If two keys exists in both maps the value in <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> will be superseded by the value in <c><anno>Map2</anno></c>. </p> + <p> + The call will fail with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> or + <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> is not a map. + </p> <p>Example:</p> <code type="none"> > Map1 = #{a => "value_one", b => "value_two"}, @@ -222,6 +240,10 @@ false</code> replaced by value <c><anno>Value</anno></c>. The function returns a new map <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> containing the new association and the old associations in <c><anno>Map1</anno></c>. </p> + <p> + The call will fail with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> is not a map. + </p> + <p>Example:</p> <code type="none"> > Map = #{"a" => 1}. @@ -241,6 +263,9 @@ false</code> The function removes the <c><anno>Key</anno></c>, if it exists, and its associated value from <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> and returns a new map <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> without key <c><anno>Key</anno></c>. </p> + <p> + The call will fail with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> is not a map. + </p> <p>Example:</p> <code type="none"> > Map = #{"a" => 1}. @@ -276,6 +301,9 @@ false</code> The fuction returns a list of pairs representing the key-value associations of <c><anno>Map</anno></c>, where the pairs, <c>[{K1,V1}, ..., {Kn,Vn}]</c>, are returned in arbitrary order. </p> + <p> + The call will fail with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map. + </p> <p>Example:</p> <code type="none"> > Map = #{42 => value_three,1337 => "value two","a" => 1}, @@ -291,8 +319,11 @@ false</code> <p> If <c><anno>Key</anno></c> exists in <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> the old associated value is replaced by value <c><anno>Value</anno></c>. The function returns a new map <c><anno>Map2</anno></c> containing - the new associated value. If <c><anno>Key</anno></c> does not exist in <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> an exception is - generated. + the new associated value. + </p> + <p> + The call will fail with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if <c><anno>Map1</anno></c> is not a map, + or with a <c>{badkey,Key}</c> exception if no value is associated with <c><anno>Key</anno></c>. </p> <p>Example:</p> <code type="none"> @@ -310,6 +341,9 @@ false</code> <p> Returns a complete list of values, in arbitrary order, contained in map <c>M</c>. </p> + <p> + The call will fail with a <c>{badmap,Map}</c> exception if <c><anno>Map</anno></c> is not a map. + </p> <p>Example:</p> <code type="none"> > Map = #{42 => value_three,1337 => "value two","a" => 1}, diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/math.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/math.xml index 43cd20e726..7cfc8a1175 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/math.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/math.xml @@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ <name name="atanh" arity="1"/> <name name="exp" arity="1"/> <name name="log" arity="1"/> + <name name="log2" arity="1"/> <name name="log10" arity="1"/> <name name="pow" arity="2"/> <name name="sqrt" arity="1"/> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/notes.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/notes.xml index 8582bfc9f9..301a5ee2e8 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/notes.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/notes.xml @@ -30,6 +30,41 @@ </header> <p>This document describes the changes made to the STDLIB application.</p> +<section><title>STDLIB 2.4</title> + + <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title> + <list> + <item> + <p> + Behaviour of character types \d, \w and \s has always + been to not match characters with value above 255, not + 128, i.e. they are limited to ISO-Latin-1 and not ASCII</p> + <p> + Own Id: OTP-12521</p> + </item> + </list> + </section> + + + <section><title>Improvements and New Features</title> + <list> + <item> + <p> + c:m/1 now displays the module's MD5 sum.</p> + <p> + Own Id: OTP-12500</p> + </item> + <item> + <p> + Make ets:i/1 handle binary input from IO server.</p> + <p> + Own Id: OTP-12550</p> + </item> + </list> + </section> + +</section> + <section><title>STDLIB 2.3</title> <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/orddict.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/orddict.xml index 6d1702bc59..ec1e43f29c 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/orddict.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/orddict.xml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ <erlref> <header> <copyright> - <year>2000</year><year>2013</year> + <year>2000</year><year>2015</year> <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> @@ -125,8 +125,7 @@ <c><anno>Orddict</anno></c> together with an extra argument <c>Acc</c> (short for accumulator). <c><anno>Fun</anno></c> must return a new accumulator which is passed to the next call. <c><anno>Acc0</anno></c> is - returned if the list is empty. The evaluation order is - undefined.</p> + returned if the list is empty.</p> </desc> </func> <func> @@ -150,8 +149,7 @@ <fsummary>Map a function over a dictionary</fsummary> <desc> <p><c>map</c> calls <c><anno>Fun</anno></c> on successive keys and values - of <c><anno>Orddict1</anno></c> to return a new value for each key. - The evaluation order is undefined.</p> + of <c><anno>Orddict1</anno></c> to return a new value for each key.</p> </desc> </func> <func> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/pg.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/pg.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a3b69884b6..0000000000 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/pg.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,114 +0,0 @@ -<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> -<!DOCTYPE erlref SYSTEM "erlref.dtd"> - -<erlref> - <header> - <copyright> - <year>1996</year> - <year>2014</year> - <holder>Ericsson AB, All Rights Reserved</holder> - </copyright> - <legalnotice> - The contents of this file are subject to the Erlang Public License, - Version 1.1, (the "License"); you may not use this file except in - compliance with the License. You should have received a copy of the - Erlang Public License along with this software. If not, it can be - retrieved online at http://www.erlang.org/. - - Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" - basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See - the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations - under the License. - - The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Ericsson AB. - </legalnotice> - - <title>pg</title> - <prepared></prepared> - <docno></docno> - <date></date> - <rev></rev> - </header> - <module>pg</module> - <modulesummary>Distributed, Named Process Groups</modulesummary> - <description> - <warning> - <p>This module is deprecated and will be removed in Erlang/OTP 18.</p> - </warning> - <p>This (experimental) module implements process groups. A process - group is a group of processes that can be accessed by a common - name. For example, a group named <c>foobar</c> can include a set - of processes as members of this group and they can be located on - different nodes.</p> - <p>When messages are sent to the named group, all members of - the group receive the message. The messages are serialized. If - the process <c>P1</c> sends the message <c>M1</c> to the group, - and process <c>P2</c> simultaneously sends message <c>M2</c>, then - all members of the group receive the two messages in the same - order. If members of a group terminate, they are automatically - removed from the group.</p> - <p>This module is not complete. The module is inspired by the ISIS - system and the causal order protocol of the ISIS system should - also be implemented. At the moment, all messages are serialized - by sending them through a group master process.</p> - </description> - <funcs> - <func> - <name name="create" arity="1"/> - <fsummary>Create an empty group</fsummary> - <desc> - <p>Creates an empty group named <c><anno>PgName</anno></c> on the current - node.</p> - </desc> - </func> - <func> - <name name="create" arity="2"/> - <fsummary>Create an empty group on another node</fsummary> - <desc> - <p>Creates an empty group named <c><anno>PgName</anno></c> on the node - <c><anno>Node</anno></c>.</p> - </desc> - </func> - <func> - <name name="join" arity="2"/> - <fsummary>Join a pid to a process group</fsummary> - <desc> - <p>Joins the pid <c><anno>Pid</anno></c> to the process group - <c><anno>PgName</anno></c>. - Returns a list of all old members of the group.</p> - </desc> - </func> - <func> - <name name="send" arity="2"/> - <fsummary>Send a message to all members of a process group</fsummary> - <desc> - <p>Sends the tuple <c>{pg_message, From, PgName, Msg}</c> to - all members of the process group <c><anno>PgName</anno></c>.</p> - <p>Failure: <c>{badarg, {<anno>PgName</anno>, <anno>Msg</anno>}}</c> - if <c><anno>PgName</anno></c> is - not a process group (a globally registered name).</p> - </desc> - </func> - <func> - <name name="esend" arity="2"/> - <fsummary>Send a message to all members of a process group, except ourselves</fsummary> - <desc> - <p>Sends the tuple <c>{pg_message, From, PgName, Msg}</c> to - all members of the process group <c><anno>PgName</anno></c>, except - ourselves.</p> - <p>Failure: <c>{badarg, {<anno>PgName</anno>, <anno>Msg</anno>}}</c> - if <c><anno>PgName</anno></c> is - not a process group (a globally registered name).</p> - </desc> - </func> - <func> - <name name="members" arity="1"/> - <fsummary>Return a list of all members of a process group</fsummary> - <desc> - <p>Returns a list of all members of the process group - <c>PgName</c>.</p> - </desc> - </func> - </funcs> -</erlref> - diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/proc_lib.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/proc_lib.xml index 5bf5744622..9a0ff85038 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/proc_lib.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/proc_lib.xml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ <erlref> <header> <copyright> - <year>1996</year><year>2013</year> + <year>1996</year><year>2014</year> <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> @@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ <name name="init_ack" arity="2"/> <fsummary>Used by a process when it has started.</fsummary> <desc> - <p>This function must used by a process that has been started by + <p>This function must be used by a process that has been started by a <seealso marker="#start/3">start[_link]/3,4,5</seealso> function. It tells <c><anno>Parent</anno></c> that the process has initialized itself, has started, or has failed to initialize @@ -298,6 +298,40 @@ init(Parent) -> <c>proc_lib</c> functions.</p> </desc> </func> + <func> + <name name="stop" arity="1"/> + <fsummary>Terminate a process synchronously.</fsummary> + <type variable="Process"/> + <desc> + <p>Equivalent to <seealso marker="#stop/3">stop(Process, + normal, infinity)</seealso>.</p> + </desc> + </func> + <func> + <name name="stop" arity="3"/> + <fsummary>Terminate a process synchronously.</fsummary> + <type variable="Process"/> + <type variable="Reason"/> + <type variable="Timeout"/> + <desc> + <p>Orders the process to exit with the given <c>Reason</c> and + waits for it to terminate.</p> + <p>The function returns <c>ok</c> if the process exits with + the given <c>Reason</c> within <c>Timeout</c> + milliseconds.</p> + <p>If the call times out, a <c>timeout</c> exception is + raised.</p> + <p>If the process does not exist, a <c>noproc</c> + exception is raised.</p> + <p>The implementation of this function is based on the + <c>terminate</c> system message, and requires that the + process handles system messages correctly. + See <seealso marker="sys">sys(3)</seealso> + and <seealso marker="doc/design_principles:spec_proc">OTP + Design Principles</seealso> for information about system + messages.</p> + </desc> + </func> </funcs> <section> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/random.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/random.xml index e001058e19..2cc621ffc3 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/random.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/random.xml @@ -70,12 +70,11 @@ <desc> <p>Seeds random number generation with integer values in the process dictionary, and returns the old state.</p> - <p>One way of obtaining a seed is to use the BIF <c>now/0</c>:</p> + <p>One easy way of obtaining a unique value to seed with is to:</p> <code type="none"> - ... - {A1,A2,A3} = now(), - random:seed(A1, A2, A3), - ...</code> + random:seed(<seealso marker="erts:erlang#phash2/1">erlang:phash2</seealso>([<seealso marker="erts:erlang#node/0">node()</seealso>]), + <seealso marker="erts:erlang#monotonic_time/0">erlang:monotonic_time()</seealso>, + <seealso marker="erts:erlang#unique_integer/0">erlang:unique_integer()</seealso>)</code> </desc> </func> <func> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/re.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/re.xml index a1833f6a51..5af1468e9b 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/re.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/re.xml @@ -150,7 +150,11 @@ This option makes it possible to include comments inside complicated patterns. N <tag><c>no_start_optimize</c></tag> <item>This option disables optimization that may malfunction if "Special start-of-pattern items" are present in the regular expression. A typical example would be when matching "DEFABC" against "(*COMMIT)ABC", where the start optimization of PCRE would skip the subject up to the "A" and would never realize that the (*COMMIT) instruction should have made the matching fail. This option is only relevant if you use "start-of-pattern items", as discussed in the section "PCRE regular expression details" below.</item> <tag><c>ucp</c></tag> - <item>Specifies that Unicode Character Properties should be used when resolving \B, \b, \D, \d, \S, \s, \Wand \w. Without this flag, only ISO-Latin-1 properties are used. Using Unicode properties hurts performance, but is semantically correct when working with Unicode characters beyond the ISO-Latin-1 range.</item> + <item>Specifies that Unicode Character Properties should be used when + resolving \B, \b, \D, \d, \S, \s, \W and \w. Without this flag, only + ISO-Latin-1 properties are used. Using Unicode properties hurts + performance, but is semantically correct when working with Unicode + characters beyond the ISO-Latin-1 range.</item> <tag><c>never_utf</c></tag> <item>Specifies that the (*UTF) and/or (*UTF8) "start-of-pattern items" are forbidden. This flag can not be combined with <c>unicode</c>. Useful if ISO-Latin-1 patterns from an external source are to be compiled.</item> </taglist> @@ -966,7 +970,7 @@ appearance causes an error. </quote> <p>This has the same effect as setting the <c>ucp</c> option: it causes sequences such as \d and \w to use Unicode properties to determine character types, -instead of recognizing only characters with codes less than 128 via a lookup +instead of recognizing only characters with codes less than 256 via a lookup table. </p> @@ -1307,7 +1311,8 @@ By default, the definition of letters and digits is controlled by PCRE's low-valued character tables, in Erlang's case (and without the <c>unicode</c> option), the ISO-Latin-1 character set.</p> -<p>By default, in <c>unicode</c> mode, characters with values greater than 128 never match +<p>By default, in <c>unicode</c> mode, characters with values greater than 255, +i.e. all characters outside the ISO-Latin-1 character set, never match \d, \s, or \w, and always match \D, \S, and \W. These sequences retain their original meanings from before UTF support was available, mainly for efficiency reasons. However, if the <c>ucp</c> option is set, the behaviour is changed so that Unicode @@ -1954,10 +1959,10 @@ can be included in a class as a literal string of data units, or by using the upper case and lower case versions, so for example, a caseless [aeiou] matches "A" as well as "a", and a caseless [^aeiou] does not match "A", whereas a caseful version would. In a UTF mode, PCRE always understands the concept of -case for characters whose values are less than 128, so caseless matching is +case for characters whose values are less than 256, so caseless matching is always possible. For characters with higher values, the concept of case is supported if PCRE is compiled with Unicode property support, but not otherwise. -If you want to use caseless matching in a UTF mode for characters 128 and +If you want to use caseless matching in a UTF mode for characters 256 and above, you must ensure that PCRE is compiled with Unicode property support as well as with UTF support.</p> @@ -1989,7 +1994,7 @@ matches the letters in either case. For example, [W-c] is equivalent to [][\\^_`wxyzabc], matched caselessly, and in a non-UTF mode, if character tables for a French locale are in use, [\xc8-\xcb] matches accented E characters in both cases. In UTF modes, PCRE supports the concept of case for -characters with values greater than 128 only when it is compiled with Unicode +characters with values greater than 255 only when it is compiled with Unicode property support.</p> <p>The character escape sequences \d, \D, \h, \H, \p, \P, \s, \S, \v, @@ -2062,7 +2067,7 @@ by a ^ character after the colon. For example,</p> syntax [.ch.] and [=ch=] where "ch" is a "collating element", but these are not supported, and an error is given if they are encountered.</p> -<p>By default, in UTF modes, characters with values greater than 128 do not match +<p>By default, in UTF modes, characters with values greater than 255 do not match any of the POSIX character classes. However, if the PCRE_UCP option is passed to <b>pcre_compile()</b>, some of the classes are changed so that Unicode character properties are used. This is achieved by replacing the POSIX classes @@ -2081,7 +2086,7 @@ by other sequences, as follows:</p> <p>Negated versions, such as [:^alpha:] use \P instead of \p. The other POSIX classes are unchanged, and match only characters with code points less than -128.</p> +256.</p> </section> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/ref_man.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/ref_man.xml index 6c35578bdf..ea4009dc3e 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/ref_man.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/ref_man.xml @@ -73,7 +73,6 @@ <xi:include href="ms_transform.xml"/> <xi:include href="orddict.xml"/> <xi:include href="ordsets.xml"/> - <xi:include href="pg.xml"/> <xi:include href="pool.xml"/> <xi:include href="proc_lib.xml"/> <xi:include href="proplists.xml"/> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/sets.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/sets.xml index c5b8dce4b7..4a31648f8f 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/sets.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/sets.xml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ <erlref> <header> <copyright> - <year>2000</year><year>2014</year> + <year>2000</year><year>2015</year> <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ </func> <func> <name name="is_set" arity="1"/> - <fsummary>Test for an <c>Set</c></fsummary> + <fsummary>Test for a <c>Set</c></fsummary> <desc> <p>Returns <c>true</c> if <c><anno>Set</anno></c> is a set of elements, otherwise <c>false</c>.</p> @@ -80,21 +80,22 @@ </func> <func> <name name="to_list" arity="1"/> - <fsummary>Convert an <c>Set</c>into a list</fsummary> + <fsummary>Convert a <c>Set</c>into a list</fsummary> <desc> - <p>Returns the elements of <c><anno>Set</anno></c> as a list.</p> + <p>Returns the elements of <c><anno>Set</anno></c> as a list. + The order of the returned elements is undefined.</p> </desc> </func> <func> <name name="from_list" arity="1"/> - <fsummary>Convert a list into an <c>Set</c></fsummary> + <fsummary>Convert a list into a <c>Set</c></fsummary> <desc> - <p>Returns an set of the elements in <c><anno>List</anno></c>.</p> + <p>Returns a set of the elements in <c><anno>List</anno></c>.</p> </desc> </func> <func> <name name="is_element" arity="2"/> - <fsummary>Test for membership of an <c>Set</c></fsummary> + <fsummary>Test for membership of a <c>Set</c></fsummary> <desc> <p>Returns <c>true</c> if <c><anno>Element</anno></c> is an element of <c><anno>Set</anno></c>, otherwise <c>false</c>.</p> @@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ </func> <func> <name name="add_element" arity="2"/> - <fsummary>Add an element to an <c>Set</c></fsummary> + <fsummary>Add an element to a <c>Set</c></fsummary> <desc> <p>Returns a new set formed from <c><anno>Set1</anno></c> with <c><anno>Element</anno></c> inserted.</p> @@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ </func> <func> <name name="del_element" arity="2"/> - <fsummary>Remove an element from an <c>Set</c></fsummary> + <fsummary>Remove an element from a <c>Set</c></fsummary> <desc> <p>Returns <c><anno>Set1</anno></c>, but with <c><anno>Element</anno></c> removed.</p> </desc> @@ -175,7 +176,8 @@ <fsummary>Fold over set elements</fsummary> <desc> <p>Fold <c><anno>Function</anno></c> over every element in <c><anno>Set</anno></c> - returning the final value of the accumulator.</p> + returning the final value of the accumulator. + The evaluation order is undefined.</p> </desc> </func> <func> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/specs.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/specs.xml index 60a04ed5e7..fd77b52da6 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/specs.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/specs.xml @@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ <xi:include href="../specs/specs_ms_transform.xml"/> <xi:include href="../specs/specs_orddict.xml"/> <xi:include href="../specs/specs_ordsets.xml"/> - <xi:include href="../specs/specs_pg.xml"/> <xi:include href="../specs/specs_pool.xml"/> <xi:include href="../specs/specs_proc_lib.xml"/> <xi:include href="../specs/specs_proplists.xml"/> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/supervisor.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/supervisor.xml index 3a5027d595..ffac1c0bd7 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/supervisor.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/supervisor.xml @@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ the <c>gen_event</c>, <c>gen_fsm</c>, or <c>gen_server</c> behaviours. A supervisor implemented using this module will have a standard set of interface functions and include functionality - for tracing and error reporting. Supervisors are used to build an + for tracing and error reporting. Supervisors are used to build a hierarchical process structure called a supervision tree, a nice way to structure a fault tolerant application. Refer to <em>OTP Design Principles</em> for more information.</p> - <p>A supervisor assumes the definition of which child processes to - supervise to be located in a callback module exporting a + <p>A supervisor expects the definition of which child processes to + supervise to be specified in a callback module exporting a pre-defined set of functions.</p> <p>Unless otherwise stated, all functions in this module will fail if the specified supervisor does not exist or if bad arguments @@ -53,18 +53,30 @@ <title>Supervision Principles</title> <p>The supervisor is responsible for starting, stopping and monitoring its child processes. The basic idea of a supervisor is - that it should keep its child processes alive by restarting them + that it shall keep its child processes alive by restarting them when necessary.</p> - <p>The children of a supervisor is defined as a list of + <p>The children of a supervisor are defined as a list of <em>child specifications</em>. When the supervisor is started, the child processes are started in order from left to right according to this list. When the supervisor terminates, it first terminates its child processes in reversed start order, from right to left.</p> - <p>A supervisor can have one of the following <em>restart strategies</em>:</p> + <marker id="sup_flags"/> + <p>The properties of a supervisor are defined by the supervisor + flags. This is the type definition for the supervisor flags: + </p> + <pre>sup_flags() = #{strategy => strategy(), % optional + intensity => non_neg_integer(), % optional + period => pos_integer()} % optional + </pre> + <p>A supervisor can have one of the following <em>restart + strategies</em>, specified with the <c>strategy</c> key in the + above map: + </p> <list type="bulleted"> <item> <p><c>one_for_one</c> - if one child process terminates and - should be restarted, only that child process is affected.</p> + should be restarted, only that child process is + affected. This is the default restart strategy.</p> </item> <item> <p><c>one_for_all</c> - if one child process terminates and @@ -94,43 +106,53 @@ instead the child specification identifier is used, <c>terminate_child/2</c> will return <c>{error,simple_one_for_one}</c>.</p> - <p>Because a <c>simple_one_for_one</c> supervisor could have many - children, it shuts them all down at same time. So, order in which they - are stopped is not defined. For the same reason, it could have an - overhead with regards to the <c>Shutdown</c> strategy.</p> + <p>Because a <c>simple_one_for_one</c> supervisor could have + many children, it shuts them all down asynchronously. This + means that the children will do their cleanup in parallel, + and therefore the order in which they are stopped is not + defined.</p> </item> </list> <p>To prevent a supervisor from getting into an infinite loop of - child process terminations and restarts, a <em>maximum restart frequency</em> - is defined using two integer values <c>MaxR</c> - and <c>MaxT</c>. If more than <c>MaxR</c> restarts occur within - <c>MaxT</c> seconds, the supervisor terminates all child - processes and then itself. + child process terminations and restarts, a <em>maximum restart + intensity</em> is defined using two integer values specified + with the <c>intensity</c> and <c>period</c> keys in the above + map. Assuming the values <c>MaxR</c> for <c>intensity</c> + and <c>MaxT</c> for <c>period</c>, then if more than <c>MaxR</c> + restarts occur within <c>MaxT</c> seconds, the supervisor will + terminate all child processes and then itself. The default value + for <c>intensity</c> is <c>1</c>, and the default value + for <c>period</c> is <c>5</c>. </p> <marker id="child_spec"/> <p>This is the type definition of a child specification:</p> - <pre> -child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} - Id = term() - StartFunc = {M,F,A} - M = F = atom() - A = [term()] - Restart = permanent | transient | temporary - Shutdown = brutal_kill | int()>0 | infinity - Type = worker | supervisor - Modules = [Module] | dynamic - Module = atom()</pre> + <pre>child_spec() = #{id => child_id(), % mandatory + start => mfargs(), % mandatory + restart => restart(), % optional + shutdown => shutdown(), % optional + type => worker(), % optional + modules => modules()} % optional</pre> + <p>The old tuple format is kept for backwards compatibility, + see <seealso marker="#type-child_spec">child_spec()</seealso>, + but the map is preferred. + </p> <list type="bulleted"> <item> - <p><c>Id</c> is a name that is used to identify the child + <p><c>id</c> is used to identify the child specification internally by the supervisor.</p> + <p>The <c>id</c> key is mandatory.</p> + <p>Note that this identifier on occations has been called + "name". As far as possible, the terms "identifier" or "id" + are now used but in order to keep backwards compatibility, + some occurences of "name" can still be found, for example + in error messages.</p> </item> <item> - <p><c>StartFunc</c> defines the function call used to start - the child process. It should be a module-function-arguments + <p><c>start</c> defines the function call used to start the + child process. It must be a module-function-arguments tuple <c>{M,F,A}</c> used as <c>apply(M,F,A)</c>.</p> <p>The start function <em>must create and link to</em> the child - process, and should return <c>{ok,Child}</c> or + process, and must return <c>{ok,Child}</c> or <c>{ok,Child,Info}</c> where <c>Child</c> is the pid of the child process and <c>Info</c> an arbitrary term which is ignored by the supervisor.</p> @@ -143,20 +165,23 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} error tuple <c>{error,Error}</c>.</p> <p>Note that the <c>start_link</c> functions of the different behaviour modules fulfill the above requirements.</p> + <p>The <c>start</c> key is mandatory.</p> </item> <item> - <p><c>Restart</c> defines when a terminated child process - should be restarted. A <c>permanent</c> child process should - always be restarted, a <c>temporary</c> child process should + <p><c>restart</c> defines when a terminated child process + shall be restarted. A <c>permanent</c> child process will + always be restarted, a <c>temporary</c> child process will never be restarted (even when the supervisor's restart strategy is <c>rest_for_one</c> or <c>one_for_all</c> and a sibling's death causes the temporary process to be terminated) and a - <c>transient</c> child process should be restarted only if + <c>transient</c> child process will be restarted only if it terminates abnormally, i.e. with another exit reason than <c>normal</c>, <c>shutdown</c> or <c>{shutdown,Term}</c>.</p> + <p>The <c>restart</c> key is optional. If it is not given, the + default value <c>permanent</c> will be used.</p> </item> <item> - <p><c>Shutdown</c> defines how a child process should be + <p><c>shutdown</c> defines how a child process shall be terminated. <c>brutal_kill</c> means the child process will be unconditionally terminated using <c>exit(Child,kill)</c>. An integer timeout value means that the supervisor will tell @@ -166,35 +191,45 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} no exit signal is received within the specified number of milliseconds, the child process is unconditionally terminated using <c>exit(Child,kill)</c>.</p> - <p>If the child process is another supervisor, <c>Shutdown</c> + <p>If the child process is another supervisor, the shutdown time should be set to <c>infinity</c> to give the subtree ample - time to shutdown. It is also allowed to set it to <c>infinity</c>, + time to shut down. It is also allowed to set it to <c>infinity</c>, if the child process is a worker.</p> <warning> - <p>Be careful by setting the <c>Shutdown</c> strategy to + <p>Be careful when setting the shutdown time to <c>infinity</c> when the child process is a worker. Because, in this situation, the termination of the supervision tree depends on the child process, it must be implemented in a safe way and its cleanup procedure must always return.</p> </warning> <p>Note that all child processes implemented using the standard - OTP behavior modules automatically adhere to the shutdown + OTP behaviour modules automatically adhere to the shutdown protocol.</p> + <p>The <c>shutdown</c> key is optional. If it is not given, + the default value <c>5000</c> will be used if the child is + of type <c>worker</c>; and <c>infinity</c> will be used if + the child is of type <c>supervisor</c>.</p> </item> <item> - <p><c>Type</c> specifies if the child process is a supervisor or + <p><c>type</c> specifies if the child process is a supervisor or a worker.</p> + <p>The <c>type</c> key is optional. If it is not given, the + default value <c>worker</c> will be used.</p> </item> <item> - <p><c>Modules</c> is used by the release handler during code + <p><c>modules</c> is used by the release handler during code replacement to determine which processes are using a certain - module. As a rule of thumb <c>Modules</c> should be a list - with one element <c>[Module]</c>, where <c>Module</c> is - the callback module, if the child process is a supervisor, - gen_server or gen_fsm. If the child process is an event - manager (gen_event) with a dynamic set of callback modules, - <c>Modules</c> should be <c>dynamic</c>. See <em>OTP Design Principles</em> - for more information about release handling.</p> + module. As a rule of thumb, if the child process is a + <c>supervisor</c>, <c>gen_server</c>, or <c>gen_fsm</c>, + this should be a list with one element <c>[Module]</c>, + where <c>Module</c> is the callback module. If the child + process is an event manager (<c>gen_event</c>) with a + dynamic set of callback modules, the value <c>dynamic</c> + shall be used. See <em>OTP Design Principles</em> for more + information about release handling.</p> + <p>The <c>modules</c> key is optional. If it is not given, it + defaults to <c>[M]</c>, where <c>M</c> comes from the + child's start <c>{M,F,A}</c></p> </item> <item> <p>Internally, the supervisor also keeps track of the pid @@ -213,11 +248,20 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} </datatype> <datatype> <name name="child_spec"/> + <desc><p>The tuple format is kept for backwards compatibility + only. A map is preferred; see more details + <seealso marker="#child_spec">above</seealso>.</p></desc> </datatype> <datatype> <name name="mfargs"/> - <desc><p><c>A</c> (the argument list) has the value - <c>undefined</c> if <c>Restart</c> is <c>temporary</c>.</p> + <desc> + <p>The value <c>undefined</c> for <c><anno>A</anno></c> (the + argument list) is only to be used internally + in <c>supervisor</c>. If the restart type of the child + is <c>temporary</c>, then the process is never to be + restarted and therefore there is no need to store the real + argument list. The value <c>undefined</c> will then be + stored instead.</p> </desc> </datatype> <datatype> @@ -233,6 +277,12 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} <name name="strategy"/> </datatype> <datatype> + <name name="sup_flags"/> + <desc><p>The tuple format is kept for backwards compatibility + only. A map is preferred; see more details + <seealso marker="#sup_flags">above</seealso>.</p></desc> + </datatype> + <datatype> <name name="sup_ref"/> </datatype> <datatype> @@ -253,20 +303,20 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} the supervisor is linked to the calling process (its supervisor).</p> <p>The created supervisor process calls <c><anno>Module</anno>:init/1</c> to - find out about restart strategy, maximum restart frequency + find out about restart strategy, maximum restart intensity and child processes. To ensure a synchronized start-up procedure, <c>start_link/2,3</c> does not return until <c><anno>Module</anno>:init/1</c> has returned and all child processes have been started.</p> - <p>If <c><anno>SupName</anno>={local,Name}</c> the supervisor is registered + <p>If <c><anno>SupName</anno>={local,Name}</c>, the supervisor is registered locally as <c>Name</c> using <c>register/2</c>. If <c><anno>SupName</anno>={global,Name}</c> the supervisor is registered globally as <c>Name</c> using <c>global:register_name/2</c>. If <c><anno>SupName</anno>={via,<anno>Module</anno>,<anno>Name</anno>}</c> the supervisor is registered as <c>Name</c> using the registry represented by - <c>Module</c>. The <c>Module</c> callback should export the functions + <c>Module</c>. The <c>Module</c> callback must export the functions <c>register_name/2</c>, <c>unregister_name/1</c> and <c>send/2</c>, - which should behave like the corresponding functions in <c>global</c>. + which shall behave like the corresponding functions in <c>global</c>. Thus, <c>{via,global,<anno>Name</anno>}</c> is a valid reference.</p> <p>If no name is provided, the supervisor is not registered.</p> <p><c><anno>Module</anno></c> is the name of the callback module.</p> @@ -274,14 +324,14 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} the argument to <c><anno>Module</anno>:init/1</c>.</p> <p>If the supervisor and its child processes are successfully created (i.e. if all child process start functions return - <c>{ok,Child}</c>, <c>{ok,Child,Info}</c>, or <c>ignore</c>) + <c>{ok,Child}</c>, <c>{ok,Child,Info}</c>, or <c>ignore</c>), the function returns <c>{ok,Pid}</c>, where <c>Pid</c> is the pid of the supervisor. If there already exists a process - with the specified <c><anno>SupName</anno></c> the function returns + with the specified <c><anno>SupName</anno></c>, the function returns <c>{error,{already_started,Pid}}</c>, where <c>Pid</c> is the pid of that process.</p> <p>If <c><anno>Module</anno>:init/1</c> returns <c>ignore</c>, this function - returns <c>ignore</c> as well and the supervisor terminates + returns <c>ignore</c> as well, and the supervisor terminates with reason <c>normal</c>. If <c><anno>Module</anno>:init/1</c> fails or returns an incorrect value, this function returns <c>{error,Term}</c> where <c>Term</c> @@ -297,7 +347,6 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} <func> <name name="start_child" arity="2"/> <fsummary>Dynamically add a child process to a supervisor.</fsummary> - <type name="child_spec"/> <type name="startchild_ret"/> <type name="startchild_err"/> <desc> @@ -314,35 +363,35 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} <item><c>{via,Module,Name}</c>, if the supervisor is registered through an alternative process registry.</item> </list> - <p><c><anno>ChildSpec</anno></c> should be a valid child specification + <p><c><anno>ChildSpec</anno></c> must be a valid child specification (unless the supervisor is a <c>simple_one_for_one</c> - supervisor, see below). The child process will be started by + supervisor; see below). The child process will be started by using the start function as defined in the child specification.</p> - <p>If the case of a <c>simple_one_for_one</c> supervisor, + <p>In the case of a <c>simple_one_for_one</c> supervisor, the child specification defined in <c>Module:init/1</c> will - be used and <c><anno>ChildSpec</anno></c> should instead be an arbitrary + be used, and <c><anno>ChildSpec</anno></c> shall instead be an arbitrary list of terms <c><anno>List</anno></c>. The child process will then be started by appending <c><anno>List</anno></c> to the existing start function arguments, i.e. by calling <c>apply(M, F, A++<anno>List</anno>)</c> where <c>{M,F,A}</c> is the start function defined in the child specification.</p> <p>If there already exists a child specification with - the specified <c><anno>Id</anno></c>, <c><anno>ChildSpec</anno></c> is discarded and + the specified identifier, <c><anno>ChildSpec</anno></c> is discarded, and the function returns <c>{error,already_present}</c> or <c>{error,{already_started,<anno>Child</anno>}}</c>, depending on if the corresponding child process is running or not.</p> <p>If the child process start function returns <c>{ok,<anno>Child</anno>}</c> - or <c>{ok,<anno>Child</anno>,<anno>Info</anno>}</c>, the child specification and pid is + or <c>{ok,<anno>Child</anno>,<anno>Info</anno>}</c>, the child specification and pid are added to the supervisor and the function returns the same value.</p> <p>If the child process start function returns <c>ignore</c>, the child specification is added to the supervisor, the pid - is set to <c>undefined</c> and the function returns + is set to <c>undefined</c>, and the function returns <c>{ok,undefined}</c>.</p> <p>If the child process start function returns an error tuple or an erroneous value, or if it fails, the child specification is - discarded and the function returns <c>{error,Error}</c> where + discarded, and the function returns <c>{error,Error}</c> where <c>Error</c> is a term containing information about the error and child specification.</p> </desc> @@ -366,7 +415,7 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} <p>If the child is temporary, the child specification is deleted as soon as the process terminates. This means - that <c>delete_child/2</c> has no meaning + that <c>delete_child/2</c> has no meaning, and <c>restart_child/2</c> can not be used for these children.</p> @@ -375,13 +424,13 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} process is alive, but is not a child of the given supervisor, the function will return <c>{error,not_found}</c>. If the child specification - identifier is given instead instead of a <c>pid()</c>, the + identifier is given instead of a <c>pid()</c>, the function will return <c>{error,simple_one_for_one}</c>.</p> <p>If successful, the function returns <c>ok</c>. If there is no child specification with the specified <c><anno>Id</anno></c>, the function returns <c>{error,not_found}</c>.</p> - <p>See <c>start_child/2</c> for a description of - <c><anno>SupRef</anno></c>.</p> + <p>See <seealso marker="#SupRef"><c>start_child/2</c></seealso> + for a description of <c><anno>SupRef</anno></c>.</p> </desc> </func> <func> @@ -390,15 +439,15 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} <desc> <p>Tells the supervisor <c><anno>SupRef</anno></c> to delete the child specification identified by <c><anno>Id</anno></c>. The corresponding child - process must not be running, use <c>terminate_child/2</c> to + process must not be running. Use <c>terminate_child/2</c> to terminate it.</p> - <p>See <seealso marker="#SupRef"><c>start_child/2</c></seealso> for a description of - <c>SupRef</c>.</p> + <p>See <seealso marker="#SupRef"><c>start_child/2</c></seealso> + for a description of <c><anno>SupRef</anno></c>.</p> <p>If successful, the function returns <c>ok</c>. If the child specification identified by <c><anno>Id</anno></c> exists but the corresponding child process is running or about to be restarted, the function returns <c>{error,running}</c> or - <c>{error,restarting}</c> respectively. If the child specification + <c>{error,restarting}</c>, respectively. If the child specification identified by <c><anno>Id</anno></c> does not exist, the function returns <c>{error,not_found}</c>.</p> </desc> @@ -410,10 +459,10 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} <p>Tells the supervisor <c><anno>SupRef</anno></c> to restart a child process corresponding to the child specification identified by <c><anno>Id</anno></c>. The child - specification must exist and the corresponding child process + specification must exist, and the corresponding child process must not be running.</p> <p>Note that for temporary children, the child specification - is automatically deleted when the child terminates, and thus + is automatically deleted when the child terminates; thus it is not possible to restart such children.</p> <p>See <seealso marker="#SupRef"><c>start_child/2</c></seealso> for a description of <c>SupRef</c>.</p> @@ -429,7 +478,7 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} is added to the supervisor and the function returns the same value.</p> <p>If the child process start function returns <c>ignore</c>, - the pid remains set to <c>undefined</c> and the function + the pid remains set to <c>undefined</c>, and the function returns <c>{ok,undefined}</c>.</p> <p>If the child process start function returns an error tuple or an erroneous value, or if it fails, the function returns @@ -462,7 +511,7 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} <item> <p><c><anno>Child</anno></c> - the pid of the corresponding child process, the atom <c>restarting</c> if the process is about to be - restarted or <c>undefined</c> if there is no such process.</p> + restarted, or <c>undefined</c> if there is no such process.</p> </item> <item> <p><c><anno>Type</anno></c> - as defined in the child specification.</p> @@ -475,8 +524,8 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} </func> <func> <name name="count_children" arity="1"/> - <fsummary>Return counts for the number of childspecs, active children, - supervisors and workers.</fsummary> + <fsummary>Return counts for the number of child specifications, + active children, supervisors, and workers.</fsummary> <desc> <p>Returns a property list (see <c>proplists</c>) containing the counts for each of the following elements of the supervisor's @@ -500,6 +549,8 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} process is still alive.</p> </item> </list> + <p>See <seealso marker="#SupRef"><c>start_child/2</c></seealso> + for a description of <c><anno>SupRef</anno></c>.</p> </desc> </func> <func> @@ -511,11 +562,23 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} correct, or <c>{error,<anno>Error</anno>}</c> otherwise.</p> </desc> </func> + <func> + <name name="get_childspec" arity="2"/> + <fsummary>Return the child specification map for the given + child.</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>Returns the child specification map for the child identified + by <c>Id</c> under supervisor <c>SupRef</c>. The returned + map contains all keys, both mandatory and optional.</p> + <p>See <seealso marker="#SupRef"><c>start_child/2</c></seealso> + for a description of <c><anno>SupRef</anno></c>.</p> + </desc> + </func> </funcs> <section> <title>CALLBACK FUNCTIONS</title> - <p>The following functions should be exported from a + <p>The following functions must be exported from a <c>supervisor</c> callback module.</p> </section> <funcs> @@ -524,33 +587,37 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} <fsummary>Return a supervisor specification.</fsummary> <type> <v>Args = term()</v> - <v>Result = {ok,{{RestartStrategy,MaxR,MaxT},[ChildSpec]}} | ignore</v> - <v> RestartStrategy = <seealso marker="#type-strategy">strategy()</seealso></v> - <v> MaxR = integer()>=0</v> - <v> MaxT = integer()>0</v> + <v>Result = {ok,{SupFlags,[ChildSpec]}} | ignore</v> + <v> SupFlags = <seealso marker="#type-sup_flags">sup_flags()</seealso></v> <v> ChildSpec = <seealso marker="#type-child_spec">child_spec()</seealso></v> </type> <desc> <p>Whenever a supervisor is started using <c>supervisor:start_link/2,3</c>, this function is called by the new process to find out about restart strategy, maximum - restart frequency and child specifications.</p> + restart intensity, and child specifications.</p> <p><c>Args</c> is the <c>Args</c> argument provided to the start function.</p> - <p><c>RestartStrategy</c> is the restart strategy and - <c>MaxR</c> and <c>MaxT</c> defines the maximum restart - frequency of the supervisor. <c>[ChildSpec]</c> is a list of - valid child specifications defining which child processes - the supervisor should start and monitor. See the discussion - about Supervision Principles above.</p> + <p><c>SupFlags</c> is the supervisor flags defining the + restart strategy and max restart intensity for the + supervisor. <c>[ChildSpec]</c> is a list of valid child + specifications defining which child processes the supervisor + shall start and monitor. See the discussion about + Supervision Principles above.</p> <p>Note that when the restart strategy is <c>simple_one_for_one</c>, the list of child specifications must be a list with one child specification only. - (The <c>Id</c> is ignored). No child process is then started + (The child specification identifier is ignored.) No child process is then started during the initialization phase, but all children are assumed to be started dynamically using <c>supervisor:start_child/2</c>.</p> <p>The function may also return <c>ignore</c>.</p> + <p>Note that this function might also be called as a part of a + code upgrade procedure. For this reason, the function should + not have any side effects. See + <seealso marker="doc/design_principles:appup_cookbook#sup">Design + Principles</seealso> for more information about code upgrade + of supervisors.</p> </desc> </func> </funcs> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/sys.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/sys.xml index 19605f325b..cf7df54d1d 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/sys.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/sys.xml @@ -359,6 +359,17 @@ installed.</p> </desc> </func> + <func> + <name name="terminate" arity="2"/> + <name name="terminate" arity="3"/> + <fsummary>Terminate the process</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>This function orders the process to terminate with the + given <c><anno>Reason</anno></c>. The termination is done + asynchronously, so there is no guarantee that the process is + actually terminated when the function returns.</p> + </desc> + </func> </funcs> <section> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/timer.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/timer.xml index eca9a72d36..791a29689e 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/timer.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/timer.xml @@ -217,12 +217,14 @@ </func> <func> <name name="now_diff" arity="2"/> - <fsummary>Calculate time difference between <c>now/0</c>timestamps</fsummary> + <fsummary>Calculate time difference between timestamps</fsummary> <type_desc variable="Tdiff">In microseconds</type_desc> <desc> <p>Calculates the time difference <c><anno>Tdiff</anno> = <anno>T2</anno> - <anno>T1</anno></c> in - <em>microseconds</em>, where <c><anno>T1</anno></c> and <c><anno>T2</anno></c> probably - are timestamp tuples returned from <c>erlang:now/0</c>.</p> + <em>microseconds</em>, where <c><anno>T1</anno></c> and <c><anno>T2</anno></c> + are timestamp tuples on the same format as returned from + <seealso marker="erts:erlang#timestamp/0"><c>erlang:timestamp/0</c></seealso>, + or <seealso marker="kernel:os#timestamp/0"><c>os:timestamp/0</c></seealso>.</p> </desc> </func> <func> @@ -234,7 +236,7 @@ </func> <func> <name name="minutes" arity="1"/> - <fsummary>Converts <c>Minutes</c>to <c>Milliseconds</c>.</fsummary> + <fsummary>Converts <c>Minutes</c> to <c>Milliseconds</c>.</fsummary> <desc> <p>Return the number of milliseconds in <c><anno>Minutes</anno></c>.</p> </desc> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/zip.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/zip.xml index 48b376743d..d201e81a79 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/zip.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/zip.xml @@ -135,6 +135,12 @@ <p>These options are described in <seealso marker="#zip_options">create/3</seealso>.</p> </desc> </datatype> + <datatype> + <name name="handle"/> + <desc> + <p>As returned by <seealso marker="#zip_open/2">zip_open/2</seealso>.</p> + </desc> + </datatype> </datatypes> <funcs> <func> @@ -430,6 +436,8 @@ means that subsequently reading files from the archive will be faster than unzipping files one at a time with <c>unzip</c>.</p> <p>The archive must be closed with <c>zip_close/1</c>.</p> + <p>The <c><anno>ZipHandle</anno></c> will be closed if the + process which originally opened the archive dies.</p> </desc> </func> <func> |