diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'lib/stdlib/doc/src')
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/stdlib/doc/src/dets.xml | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_id_trans.xml | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_lint.xml | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_parse.xml | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/stdlib/doc/src/ets.xml | 129 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/stdlib/doc/src/filelib.xml | 8 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/stdlib/doc/src/io_protocol.xml | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/stdlib/doc/src/lists.xml | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/stdlib/doc/src/notes.xml | 136 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/stdlib/doc/src/supervisor.xml | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/stdlib/doc/src/sys.xml | 2 |
11 files changed, 264 insertions, 36 deletions
diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/dets.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/dets.xml index 8d1398d3b7..ad100d2cf5 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/dets.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/dets.xml @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ bool() = true | false file() = string() int() = integer() >= 0 keypos() = integer() >= 1 -name() = atom() | ref() +name() = atom() | reference() no_slots() = integer() >= 0 | default object() = tuple() object_cont() = tuple() @@ -759,7 +759,7 @@ ok <fsummary>Open an existing Dets table.</fsummary> <type> <v>FileName = file()</v> - <v>Reference = ref()</v> + <v>Reference = reference()</v> </type> <desc> <p>Opens an existing table. If the table has not been properly diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_id_trans.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_id_trans.xml index 7c821d2efc..cfb18ec131 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_id_trans.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_id_trans.xml @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ <header> <copyright> <year>1996</year> - <year>2007</year> + <year>2010</year> <holder>Ericsson AB, All Rights Reserved</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> @@ -70,7 +70,8 @@ <section> <title>See Also</title> - <p><seealso marker="erl_parse">erl_parse(3)</seealso>, compile(3).</p> + <p><seealso marker="erl_parse">erl_parse(3)</seealso>, + <seealso marker="compiler:compile">compile(3)</seealso>.</p> </section> </erlref> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_lint.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_lint.xml index 6a7d37765c..8639d678fa 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_lint.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_lint.xml @@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ <p>The <c>AbsForms</c> of a module which comes from a file that is read through <c>epp</c>, the Erlang pre-processor, can come from many files. This means that any references to - errors must include the file name (see <seealso marker="epp">epp(3)</seealso>, or parser <seealso marker="erl_parse">erl_parse(3)</seealso> The warnings and - errors returned have the following format: + errors must include the file name (see <seealso marker="epp">epp(3)</seealso>, or parser <seealso marker="erl_parse">erl_parse(3)</seealso>). + The warnings and errors returned have the following format: </p> <code type="none"> [{FileName2,[ErrorInfo]}] </code> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_parse.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_parse.xml index ae8a8afd5c..18b592deea 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_parse.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/erl_parse.xml @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ expressions, or terms. The Abstract Format is described in the ERTS User's Guide. Note that a token list must end with the <em>dot</em> token in order - to be acceptable to the parse functions (see erl_scan).</p> + to be acceptable to the parse functions (see <seealso marker="erl_scan">erl_scan(3)</seealso>).</p> </description> <funcs> <func> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/ets.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/ets.xml index 5df60a92e5..702e1b928e 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/ets.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/ets.xml @@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ Even if there are no references to a table from any process, it will not automatically be destroyed unless the owner process terminates. It can be destroyed explicitly by using - <c>delete/1</c>.</p> - <p>Since R13B01, table ownership can be transferred at process termination + <c>delete/1</c>. The default owner is the process that created the + table. Table ownership can be transferred at process termination by using the <seealso marker="#heir">heir</seealso> option or explicitly by calling <seealso marker="#give_away/3">give_away/3</seealso>.</p> <p>Some implementation details:</p> @@ -82,11 +82,15 @@ <c>float()</c> that extends to the same value, hence the key <c>1</c> and the key <c>1.0</c> are regarded as equal in an <c>ordered_set</c> table.</p> - <p>In general, the functions below will exit with reason - <c>badarg</c> if any argument is of the wrong format, or if the - table identifier is invalid.</p> </description> - + <section> + <title>Failure</title> + <p>In general, the functions below will exit with reason + <c>badarg</c> if any argument is of the wrong format, if the + table identifier is invalid or if the operation is denied due to + table access rights (<seealso marker="#protected">protected</seealso> + or <seealso marker="#private">private</seealso>).</p> + </section> <section><marker id="concurrency"></marker> <title>Concurrency</title> <p>This module provides some limited support for concurrent access. @@ -947,7 +951,7 @@ ets:select(Table,MatchSpec),</code> <type> <v>Name = atom()</v> <v>Options = [Option]</v> - <v> Option = Type | Access | named_table | {keypos,Pos} | {heir,pid(),HeirData} | {heir,none} | {write_concurrency,bool()}</v> + <v> Option = Type | Access | named_table | {keypos,Pos} | {heir,pid(),HeirData} | {heir,none} | {write_concurrency,bool()} | {read_concurrency,bool()}</v> <v> Type = set | ordered_set | bag | duplicate_bag</v> <v> Access = public | protected | private</v> <v> Pos = int()</v> @@ -963,7 +967,7 @@ ets:select(Table,MatchSpec),</code> table is named or not. If one or more options are left out, the default values are used. This means that not specifying any options (<c>[]</c>) is the same as specifying - <c>[set,protected,{keypos,1},{heir,none},{write_concurrency,false}]</c>.</p> + <c>[set,protected,{keypos,1},{heir,none},{write_concurrency,false},{read_concurrency,false}]</c>.</p> <list type="bulleted"> <item> <p><c>set</c> @@ -1002,12 +1006,14 @@ ets:select(Table,MatchSpec),</code> Any process may read or write to the table.</p> </item> <item> + <marker id="protected"></marker> <p><c>protected</c> The owner process can read and write to the table. Other processes can only read the table. This is the default setting for the access rights.</p> </item> <item> + <marker id="private"></marker> <p><c>private</c> Only the owner process can read or write to the table.</p> </item> @@ -1385,6 +1391,28 @@ is_integer(X), is_integer(Y), X + Y < 4711]]></code> </desc> </func> <func> + <name>select_count(Tab, MatchSpec) -> NumMatched</name> + <fsummary>Match the objects in an ETS table against a match_spec and returns the number of objects for which the match_spec returned 'true'</fsummary> + <type> + <v>Tab = tid() | atom()</v> + <v>Object = tuple()</v> + <v>MatchSpec = match_spec()</v> + <v>NumMatched = integer()</v> + </type> + <desc> + <p>Matches the objects in the table <c>Tab</c> using a + <seealso marker="#match_spec">match_spec</seealso>. If the + match_spec returns <c>true</c> for an object, that object + considered a match and is counted. For any other result from + the match_spec the object is not considered a match and is + therefore not counted.</p> + <p>The function could be described as a <c>match_delete/2</c> + that does not actually delete any elements, but only counts + them.</p> + <p>The function returns the number of objects matched.</p> + </desc> + </func> + <func> <name>select_delete(Tab, MatchSpec) -> NumDeleted</name> <fsummary>Match the objects in an ETS table against a match_spec and deletes objects where the match_spec returns 'true'</fsummary> <type> @@ -1411,25 +1439,82 @@ is_integer(X), is_integer(Y), X + Y < 4711]]></code> </desc> </func> <func> - <name>select_count(Tab, MatchSpec) -> NumMatched</name> - <fsummary>Match the objects in an ETS table against a match_spec and returns the number of objects for which the match_spec returned 'true'</fsummary> + <name>select_reverse(Tab, MatchSpec) -> [Match]</name> + <fsummary>Match the objects in an ETS table against a match_spec.</fsummary> <type> <v>Tab = tid() | atom()</v> - <v>Object = tuple()</v> + <v>Match = term()</v> <v>MatchSpec = match_spec()</v> - <v>NumMatched = integer()</v> </type> <desc> - <p>Matches the objects in the table <c>Tab</c> using a - <seealso marker="#match_spec">match_spec</seealso>. If the - match_spec returns <c>true</c> for an object, that object - considered a match and is counted. For any other result from - the match_spec the object is not considered a match and is - therefore not counted.</p> - <p>The function could be described as a <c>match_delete/2</c> - that does not actually delete any elements, but only counts - them.</p> - <p>The function returns the number of objects matched.</p> + + <p>Works like <c>select/2</c>, but returns the list in reverse + order for the <c>ordered_set</c> table type. For all other table + types, the return value is identical to that of <c>select/2</c>.</p> + + </desc> + </func> + <func> + <name>select_reverse(Tab, MatchSpec, Limit) -> {[Match],Continuation} | '$end_of_table'</name> + <fsummary>Match the objects in an ETS table against a match_spec and returns part of the answers.</fsummary> + <type> + <v>Tab = tid() | atom()</v> + <v>Match = term()</v> + <v>MatchSpec = match_spec()</v> + <v>Continuation = term()</v> + </type> + <desc> + + <p>Works like <c>select/3</c>, but for the <c>ordered_set</c> + table type, traversing is done starting at the last object in + Erlang term order and moves towards the first. For all other + table types, the return value is identical to that of + <c>select/3</c>.</p> + + <p>Note that this is <em>not</em> equivalent to + reversing the result list of a <c>select/3</c> call, as the result list + is not only reversed, but also contains the last <c>Limit</c> + matching objects in the table, not the first.</p> + + </desc> + </func> + <func> + <name>select_reverse(Continuation) -> {[Match],Continuation} | '$end_of_table'</name> + <fsummary>Continue matching objects in an ETS table.</fsummary> + <type> + <v>Match = term()</v> + <v>Continuation = term()</v> + </type> + <desc> + + <p>Continues a match started with + <c>ets:select_reverse/3</c>. If the table is an + <c>ordered_set</c>, the traversal of the table will continue + towards objects with keys earlier in the Erlang term order. The + returned list will also contain objects with keys in reverse + order.</p> + + <p>For all other table types, the behaviour is exatly that of <c>select/1</c>.</p> + <p>Example:</p> + <code> +1> T = ets:new(x,[ordered_set]). +2> [ ets:insert(T,{N}) || N <- lists:seq(1,10) ]. +... +3> {R0,C0} = ets:select_reverse(T,[{'_',[],['$_']}],4). +... +4> R0. +[{10},{9},{8},{7}] +5> {R1,C1} = ets:select_reverse(C0). +... +6> R1. +[{6},{5},{4},{3}] +7> {R2,C2} = ets:select_reverse(C1). +... +8> R2. +[{2},{1}] +9> '$end_of_table' = ets:select_reverse(C2). +... + </code> </desc> </func> <func> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/filelib.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/filelib.xml index c1c4ca9350..4ff3b22f32 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/filelib.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/filelib.xml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ <erlref> <header> <copyright> - <year>2003</year><year>2009</year> + <year>2003</year><year>2010</year> <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> @@ -160,6 +160,12 @@ DeepList = [char() | atom() | DeepList]</code> <p>Matches any number of characters up to the end of the filename, the next dot, or the next slash.</p> </item> + <tag>[Character1,Character2,...]</tag> + <item> + <p>Matches any of the characters listed. Two characters + separated by a hyphen will match a range of characters. + Example: <c>[A-Z]</c> will match any uppercase letter.</p> + </item> <tag>{Item,...}</tag> <item> <p>Alternation. Matches one of the alternatives.</p> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/io_protocol.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/io_protocol.xml index b52e862a5c..a97d996d98 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/io_protocol.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/io_protocol.xml @@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ sends the reply to.</item> io_reply. The io-module in the Erlang standard library simply uses the pid() of the io_server as the ReplyAs datum, but a more complicated client could have several outstanding io-requests to the same server and -would then use i.e. a ref() or something else to differentiate among +would then use i.e. a reference() or something else to differentiate among the incoming io_reply's. The ReplyAs element should be considered opaque by the io_server. Note that the pid() of the server is not explicitly present in the io_reply. The reply can be sent from any diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/lists.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/lists.xml index b3ad7aaf46..92c4eb4f4c 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/lists.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/lists.xml @@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ follows:</p> <code type="none"> flatmap(Fun, List1) -> - append(map(Fun, List1))</code> + append(map(Fun, List1)).</code> <p>Example:</p> <pre> > <input>lists:flatmap(fun(X)->[X,X] end, [a,b,c]).</input> @@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ flatmap(Fun, List1) -> <v> A = B = term()</v> </type> <desc> - <p><c>mapfold</c> combines the operations of <c>map/2</c> and + <p><c>mapfoldl</c> combines the operations of <c>map/2</c> and <c>foldl/3</c> into one pass. An example, summing the elements in a list and double them at the same time:</p> <pre> @@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ flatmap(Fun, List1) -> <v> A = B = term()</v> </type> <desc> - <p><c>mapfold</c> combines the operations of <c>map/2</c> and + <p><c>mapfoldr</c> combines the operations of <c>map/2</c> and <c>foldr/3</c> into one pass.</p> </desc> </func> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/notes.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/notes.xml index 23d1e8b7de..6c618bc798 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/notes.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/notes.xml @@ -30,6 +30,142 @@ </header> <p>This document describes the changes made to the STDLIB application.</p> +<section><title>STDLIB 1.17.1</title> + + <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title> + <list> + <item> + <p>reference() has been substituted for ref() in the + documentation.</p> + <p> + Own Id: OTP-8733</p> + </item> + </list> + </section> + + + <section><title>Improvements and New Features</title> + <list> + <item> + <p> + The ms_transform now warns if the fun head shadows + surrounding variables (just like the warnings you would + get for an ordinary fun in the same context).</p> + <p> + Own Id: OTP-6759</p> + </item> + <item> + <p> + ets:select_reverse/{1,2,3} are now documented.</p> + <p> + Own Id: OTP-7863</p> + </item> + <item> + <p> + Large parts of the <c>ethread</c> library have been + rewritten. The <c>ethread</c> library is an Erlang + runtime system internal, portable thread library used by + the runtime system itself.</p> + <p> + Most notable improvement is a reader optimized rwlock + implementation which dramatically improve the performance + of read-lock/read-unlock operations on multi processor + systems by avoiding ping-ponging of the rwlock cache + lines. The reader optimized rwlock implementation is used + by miscellaneous rwlocks in the runtime system that are + known to be read-locked frequently, and can be enabled on + ETS tables by passing the <seealso + marker="stdlib:ets#new_2_read_concurrency">{read_concurrency, + true}</seealso> option upon table creation. See the + documentation of <seealso + marker="stdlib:ets#new/2">ets:new/2</seealso> for more + information. The reader optimized rwlock implementation + can be fine tuned when starting the runtime system. For + more information, see the documentation of the <seealso + marker="erts:erl#+rg">+rg</seealso> command line argument + of <c>erl</c>.</p> + <p> + There is also a new implementation of rwlocks that is not + optimized for readers. Both implementations interleaves + readers and writers during contention as opposed to, + e.g., the NPTL (Linux) pthread rwlock implementation + which use either a reader or writer preferred strategy. + The reader/writer preferred strategy is problematic since + it starves threads doing the non-preferred operation.</p> + <p> + The new rwlock implementations in general performs better + in ERTS than common pthread implementations. However, in + some extremely heavily contended cases this is not the + case. Such heavy contention can more or less only appear + on ETS tables. This when multiple processes do very large + amounts of write locked operations simultaneously on the + same table. Such use of ETS is bad regardless of rwlock + implementation, will never scale, and is something we + strongly advise against.</p> + <p> + The new rwlock implementations depend on atomic + operations. If no native atomic implementation is found, + a fallback solution will be used. Using the fallback + implies a performance degradation. That is, it is more + important now than before to build OTP with a native + atomic implementation.</p> + <p> + The <c>ethread</c> library contains native atomic + implementations for, x86 (32 and 64 bit), powerpc (32 + bit), sparc V9 (32 and 64 bit), and tilera (32 bit). On + other hardware gcc's builtin support for atomic memory + access will be used if such exists. If no such support is + found, <c>configure</c> will warn about no atomic + implementation available.</p> + <p> + The <c>ethread</c> library can now also use the + <c>libatomic_ops</c> library for atomic memory accesses. + This makes it possible for the Erlang runtime system to + utilize optimized native atomic operations on more + platforms than before. If <c>configure</c> warns about no + atomic implementation available, try using the + <c>libatomic_ops</c> library. Use the <seealso + marker="doc/installation_guide:INSTALL#How-to-Build-and-Install-ErlangOTP_A-Closer-Look-at-the-individual-Steps_Configuring">--with-libatomic_ops=PATH</seealso> + <c>configure</c> command line argument when specifying + where the <c>libatomic_ops</c> installation is located. + The <c>libatomic_ops</c> library can be downloaded from: + <url + href="http://www.hpl.hp.com/research/linux/atomic_ops/">http://www.hpl.hp.com/research/linux/atomic_ops/</url></p> + <p> + The changed API of the <c>ethread</c> library has also + caused modifications in the Erlang runtime system. + Preparations for the to come "delayed deallocation" + feature has also been done since it depends on the + <c>ethread</c> library.</p> + <p> + <em>Note</em>: When building for x86, the <c>ethread</c> + library will now use instructions that first appeared on + the pentium 4 processor. If you want the runtime system + to be compatible with older processors (back to 486) you + need to pass the <seealso + marker="doc/installation_guide:INSTALL#How-to-Build-and-Install-ErlangOTP_A-Closer-Look-at-the-individual-Steps_Configuring">--enable-ethread-pre-pentium4-compatibility</seealso> + <c>configure</c> command line argument when configuring + the system.</p> + <p> + Own Id: OTP-8544</p> + </item> + <item> + <p> + Some Built In Functions (BIFs) from the module erlang was + never made autoimported for backward compatibility + reasons. As local functions now override autoimports, new + autoimports is no longer a problem, why the following + BIFs are finally made autoimported: monitor/2, monitor/3, + demonitor/2, demonitor/3, error/1, error/2, + integer_to_list/2, list_to_integer/2.</p> + <p> + Own Id: OTP-8763</p> + </item> + </list> + </section> + +</section> + <section><title>STDLIB 1.17</title> <section><title>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</title> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/supervisor.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/supervisor.xml index c696434d49..45fa0847a8 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/supervisor.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/supervisor.xml @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ child_spec() = {Id,StartFunc,Restart,Shutdown,Type,Modules} the child process to terminate by calling <c>exit(Child,shutdown)</c> and then wait for an exit signal with reason <c>shutdown</c> back from the child process. If - no exit signal is received within the specified time, + no exit signal is received within the specified number of milliseconds, the child process is unconditionally terminated using <c>exit(Child,kill)</c>.</p> <p>If the child process is another supervisor, <c>Shutdown</c> diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/sys.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/sys.xml index 10ead62073..8cbfb9387b 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/sys.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/sys.xml @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ <module>sys</module> <modulesummary>A Functional Interface to System Messages</modulesummary> <description> - <p>This module contains functions for sending system messages used by programs, and messaged used for debugging purposes. + <p>This module contains functions for sending system messages used by programs, and messages used for debugging purposes. </p> <p>Functions used for implementation of processes should also understand system messages such as debugging |