diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'lib/stdlib/doc')
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/stdlib/doc/src/unicode.xml | 179 |
1 files changed, 177 insertions, 2 deletions
diff --git a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/unicode.xml b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/unicode.xml index 93d0d37456..382b253ba1 100644 --- a/lib/stdlib/doc/src/unicode.xml +++ b/lib/stdlib/doc/src/unicode.xml @@ -50,8 +50,35 @@ external entities where this is required. When working inside the Erlang/OTP environment, it is recommended to keep binaries in UTF-8 when representing Unicode characters. ISO Latin-1 encoding is supported both - for backward compatibility and for communication - with external entities not supporting Unicode character sets.</p> + for backward compatibility and for communication + with external entities not supporting Unicode character sets.</p> + <p>Programs should always operate on a normalized form and compare + canonical-equivalent Unicode characters as equal. All characters + should thus be normalized to one form once on the system borders. + One of the following functions can convert characters to their + normalized forms <seealso marker="#characters_to_nfc_list/1"> + <c>characters_to_nfc_list/1</c></seealso>, + <seealso marker="#characters_to_nfc_binary/1"> + <c>characters_to_nfc_binary/1</c></seealso>, + <seealso marker="#characters_to_nfd_list/1"> + <c>characters_to_nfd_list/1</c></seealso> or + <seealso marker="#characters_to_nfd_binary/1"> + <c>characters_to_nfd_binary/1</c></seealso>. + For general text + <seealso marker="#characters_to_nfc_list/1"> + <c>characters_to_nfc_list/1</c></seealso> or + <seealso marker="#characters_to_nfc_binary/1"> + <c>characters_to_nfc_binary/1</c></seealso> is preferred, and + for identifiers one of the compatibility normalization + functions, such as + <seealso marker="#characters_to_nfkc_list/1"> + <c>characters_to_nfkc_list/1</c></seealso>, + is preferred for security reasons. + The normalization functions where introduced in OTP 20. + Additional information on normalization can be found in the + <url href="http://unicode.org/faq/normalization.html">Unicode FAQ</url>. + </p> + </description> <datatypes> @@ -335,6 +362,154 @@ decode_data(Data) -> </func> <func> + <name name="characters_to_nfc_list" arity="1"/> + <fsummary>Normalize characters to a list of canonical equivalent + composed Unicode characters.</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>Converts a possibly deep list of characters and binaries + into a Normalized Form of canonical equivalent Composed + characters according to the Unicode standard.</p> + <p>Any binaries in the input must be encoded with utf8 + encoding. + </p> + <p>The result is a list of characters.</p> + <code> +3> unicode:characters_to_nfc_list([<<"abc..a">>,[778],$a,[776],$o,[776]]). +"abc..åäö" +</code> + </desc> + </func> + + <func> + <name name="characters_to_nfc_binary" arity="1"/> + <fsummary>Normalize characters to a utf8 binary of canonical equivalent + composed Unicode characters.</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>Converts a possibly deep list of characters and binaries + into a Normalized Form of canonical equivalent Composed + characters according to the Unicode standard.</p> + <p>Any binaries in the input must be encoded with utf8 + encoding.</p> + <p>The result is an utf8 encoded binary.</p> + <code> +4> unicode:characters_to_nfc_binary([<<"abc..a">>,[778],$a,[776],$o,[776]]). +<<"abc..åäö"/utf8>> +</code> + </desc> + </func> + + <func> + <name name="characters_to_nfd_list" arity="1"/> + <fsummary>Normalize characters to a list of canonical equivalent + decomposed Unicode characters.</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>Converts a possibly deep list of characters and binaries + into a Normalized Form of canonical equivalent Decomposed + characters according to the Unicode standard.</p> + <p>Any binaries in the input must be encoded with utf8 + encoding. + </p> + <p>The result is a list of characters.</p> + <code> +1> unicode:characters_to_nfd_list("abc..åäö"). +[97,98,99,46,46,97,778,97,776,111,776] +</code> + </desc> + </func> + + <func> + <name name="characters_to_nfd_binary" arity="1"/> + <fsummary>Normalize characters to a utf8 binary of canonical equivalent + decomposed Unicode characters.</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>Converts a possibly deep list of characters and binaries + into a Normalized Form of canonical equivalent Decomposed + characters according to the Unicode standard.</p> + <p>Any binaries in the input must be encoded with utf8 + encoding.</p> + <p>The result is an utf8 encoded binary.</p> + <code> +2> unicode:characters_to_nfd_binary("abc..åäö"). +<<97,98,99,46,46,97,204,138,97,204,136,111,204,136>> +</code> + </desc> + </func> + + <func> + <name name="characters_to_nfkc_list" arity="1"/> + <fsummary>Normalize characters to a list of canonical equivalent + composed Unicode characters.</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>Converts a possibly deep list of characters and binaries + into a Normalized Form of compatibly equivalent Composed + characters according to the Unicode standard.</p> + <p>Any binaries in the input must be encoded with utf8 + encoding. + </p> + <p>The result is a list of characters.</p> + <code> +3> unicode:characters_to_nfkc_list([<<"abc..a">>,[778],$a,[776],$o,[776],[65299,65298]]). +"abc..åäö32" +</code> + </desc> + </func> + + <func> + <name name="characters_to_nfkc_binary" arity="1"/> + <fsummary>Normalize characters to a utf8 binary of compatibly equivalent + composed Unicode characters.</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>Converts a possibly deep list of characters and binaries + into a Normalized Form of compatibly equivalent Composed + characters according to the Unicode standard.</p> + <p>Any binaries in the input must be encoded with utf8 + encoding.</p> + <p>The result is an utf8 encoded binary.</p> + <code> +4> unicode:characters_to_nfkc_binary([<<"abc..a">>,[778],$a,[776],$o,[776],[65299,65298]]). +<<"abc..åäö32"/utf8>> +</code> + </desc> + </func> + + <func> + <name name="characters_to_nfkd_list" arity="1"/> + <fsummary>Normalize characters to a list of compatibly equivalent + decomposed Unicode characters.</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>Converts a possibly deep list of characters and binaries + into a Normalized Form of compatibly equivalent Decomposed + characters according to the Unicode standard.</p> + <p>Any binaries in the input must be encoded with utf8 + encoding. + </p> + <p>The result is a list of characters.</p> + <code> +1> unicode:characters_to_nfkd_list(["abc..åäö",[65299,65298]]). +[97,98,99,46,46,97,778,97,776,111,776,51,50] +</code> + </desc> + </func> + + <func> + <name name="characters_to_nfkd_binary" arity="1"/> + <fsummary>Normalize characters to a utf8 binary of compatibly equivalent + decomposed Unicode characters.</fsummary> + <desc> + <p>Converts a possibly deep list of characters and binaries + into a Normalized Form of compatibly equivalent Decomposed + characters according to the Unicode standard.</p> + <p>Any binaries in the input must be encoded with utf8 + encoding.</p> + <p>The result is an utf8 encoded binary.</p> + <code> +2> unicode:characters_to_nfkd_binary(["abc..åäö",[65299,65298]]). +<<97,98,99,46,46,97,204,138,97,204,136,111,204,136,51,50>> +</code> + </desc> + </func> + + <func> <name name="encoding_to_bom" arity="1"/> <fsummary>Create a binary UTF byte order mark from encoding.</fsummary> <type_desc variable="Bin"> |