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+%%
+%% %CopyrightBegin%
+%%
+%% Copyright Ericsson AB 2017-2018. All Rights Reserved.
+%%
+%% Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+%% you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+%% You may obtain a copy of the License at
+%%
+%% http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+%%
+%% Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+%% distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+%% WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+%% See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+%% limitations under the License.
+%%
+%% %CopyrightEnd%
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 2.2. Reserved Characters]
+%%
+%% reserved = gen-delims / sub-delims
+%%
+%% gen-delims = ":" / "/" / "?" / "#" / "[" / "]" / "@"
+%%
+%% sub-delims = "!" / "$" / "&" / "'" / "(" / ")"
+%% / "*" / "+" / "," / ";" / "="
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 2.3. Unreserved Characters]
+%%
+%% unreserved = ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "." / "_" / "~"
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3. Syntax Components]
+%%
+%% The generic URI syntax consists of a hierarchical sequence of
+%% components referred to as the scheme, authority, path, query, and
+%% fragment.
+%%
+%% URI = scheme ":" hier-part [ "?" query ] [ "#" fragment ]
+%%
+%% hier-part = "//" authority path-abempty
+%% / path-absolute
+%% / path-rootless
+%% / path-empty
+%%
+%% The scheme and path components are required, though the path may be
+%% empty (no characters). When authority is present, the path must
+%% either be empty or begin with a slash ("/") character. When
+%% authority is not present, the path cannot begin with two slash
+%% characters ("//"). These restrictions result in five different ABNF
+%% rules for a path (Section 3.3), only one of which will match any
+%% given URI reference.
+%%
+%% The following are two example URIs and their component parts:
+%%
+%% foo://example.com:8042/over/there?name=ferret#nose
+%% \_/ \______________/\_________/ \_________/ \__/
+%% | | | | |
+%% scheme authority path query fragment
+%% | _____________________|__
+%% / \ / \
+%% urn:example:animal:ferret:nose
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.1. Scheme]
+%%
+%% Each URI begins with a scheme name that refers to a specification for
+%% assigning identifiers within that scheme.
+%%
+%% scheme = ALPHA *( ALPHA / DIGIT / "+" / "-" / "." )
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.2. Authority]
+%%
+%% Many URI schemes include a hierarchical element for a naming
+%% authority so that governance of the name space defined by the
+%% remainder of the URI is delegated to that authority (which may, in
+%% turn, delegate it further).
+%%
+%% authority = [ userinfo "@" ] host [ ":" port ]
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.2.1. User Information]
+%%
+%% The userinfo subcomponent may consist of a user name and, optionally,
+%% scheme-specific information about how to gain authorization to access
+%% the resource. The user information, if present, is followed by a
+%% commercial at-sign ("@") that delimits it from the host.
+%%
+%% userinfo = *( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / ":" )
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.2.2. Host]
+%%
+%% The host subcomponent of authority is identified by an IP literal
+%% encapsulated within square brackets, an IPv4 address in dotted-
+%% decimal form, or a registered name.
+%%
+%% host = IP-literal / IPv4address / reg-name
+%%
+%% IP-literal = "[" ( IPv6address / IPvFuture ) "]"
+%%
+%% IPvFuture = "v" 1*HEXDIG "." 1*( unreserved / sub-delims / ":" )
+%%
+%% IPv6address = 6( h16 ":" ) ls32
+%% / "::" 5( h16 ":" ) ls32
+%% / [ h16 ] "::" 4( h16 ":" ) ls32
+%% / [ *1( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 3( h16 ":" ) ls32
+%% / [ *2( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 2( h16 ":" ) ls32
+%% / [ *3( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" h16 ":" ls32
+%% / [ *4( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" ls32
+%% / [ *5( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" h16
+%% / [ *6( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"
+%%
+%% ls32 = ( h16 ":" h16 ) / IPv4address
+%% ; least-significant 32 bits of address
+%%
+%% h16 = 1*4HEXDIG
+%% ; 16 bits of address represented in hexadecimal
+%%
+%% IPv4address = dec-octet "." dec-octet "." dec-octet "." dec-octet
+%%
+%% dec-octet = DIGIT ; 0-9
+%% / %x31-39 DIGIT ; 10-99
+%% / "1" 2DIGIT ; 100-199
+%% / "2" %x30-34 DIGIT ; 200-249
+%% / "25" %x30-35 ; 250-255
+%%
+%% reg-name = *( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims )
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.2.2. Port]
+%%
+%% The port subcomponent of authority is designated by an optional port
+%% number in decimal following the host and delimited from it by a
+%% single colon (":") character.
+%%
+%% port = *DIGIT
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.3. Path]
+%%
+%% The path component contains data, usually organized in hierarchical
+%% form, that, along with data in the non-hierarchical query component
+%% (Section 3.4), serves to identify a resource within the scope of the
+%% URI's scheme and naming authority (if any). The path is terminated
+%% by the first question mark ("?") or number sign ("#") character, or
+%% by the end of the URI.
+%%
+%% path = path-abempty ; begins with "/" or is empty
+%% / path-absolute ; begins with "/" but not "//"
+%% / path-noscheme ; begins with a non-colon segment
+%% / path-rootless ; begins with a segment
+%% / path-empty ; zero characters
+%%
+%% path-abempty = *( "/" segment )
+%% path-absolute = "/" [ segment-nz *( "/" segment ) ]
+%% path-noscheme = segment-nz-nc *( "/" segment )
+%% path-rootless = segment-nz *( "/" segment )
+%% path-empty = 0<pchar>
+%% segment = *pchar
+%% segment-nz = 1*pchar
+%% segment-nz-nc = 1*( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / "@" )
+%% ; non-zero-length segment without any colon ":"
+%%
+%% pchar = unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / ":" / "@"
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.4. Query]
+%%
+%% The query component contains non-hierarchical data that, along with
+%% data in the path component (Section 3.3), serves to identify a
+%% resource within the scope of the URI's scheme and naming authority
+%% (if any). The query component is indicated by the first question
+%% mark ("?") character and terminated by a number sign ("#") character
+%% or by the end of the URI.
+%%
+%% query = *( pchar / "/" / "?" )
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.5. Fragment]
+%%
+%% The fragment identifier component of a URI allows indirect
+%% identification of a secondary resource by reference to a primary
+%% resource and additional identifying information.
+%%
+%% fragment = *( pchar / "/" / "?" )
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 4.1. URI Reference]
+%%
+%% URI-reference is used to denote the most common usage of a resource
+%% identifier.
+%%
+%% URI-reference = URI / relative-ref
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 4.2. Relative Reference]
+%%
+%% A relative reference takes advantage of the hierarchical syntax
+%% (Section 1.2.3) to express a URI reference relative to the name space
+%% of another hierarchical URI.
+%%
+%% relative-ref = relative-part [ "?" query ] [ "#" fragment ]
+%%
+%% relative-part = "//" authority path-abempty
+%% / path-absolute
+%% / path-noscheme
+%% / path-empty
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 4.3. Absolute URI]
+%%
+%% Some protocol elements allow only the absolute form of a URI without
+%% a fragment identifier. For example, defining a base URI for later
+%% use by relative references calls for an absolute-URI syntax rule that
+%% does not allow a fragment.
+%%
+%% absolute-URI = scheme ":" hier-part [ "?" query ]
+%%
+-module(uri_string).
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% External API
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-export([compose_query/1, compose_query/2,
+ dissect_query/1, normalize/1, normalize/2, parse/1,
+ recompose/1, transcode/2]).
+-export_type([error/0, uri_map/0, uri_string/0]).
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Internal API
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-export([is_host/1, is_path/1]). % suppress warnings
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Macros
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-define(CHAR(Char), <<Char/utf8>>).
+-define(STRING_EMPTY, <<>>).
+-define(STRING(MatchStr), <<MatchStr/binary>>).
+-define(STRING_REST(MatchStr, Rest), <<MatchStr/utf8, Rest/binary>>).
+
+-define(DEC2HEX(X),
+ if ((X) >= 0) andalso ((X) =< 9) -> (X) + $0;
+ ((X) >= 10) andalso ((X) =< 15) -> (X) + $A - 10
+ end).
+
+-define(HEX2DEC(X),
+ if ((X) >= $0) andalso ((X) =< $9) -> (X) - $0;
+ ((X) >= $A) andalso ((X) =< $F) -> (X) - $A + 10;
+ ((X) >= $a) andalso ((X) =< $f) -> (X) - $a + 10
+ end).
+
+
+%%%=========================================================================
+%%% API
+%%%=========================================================================
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% URI compliant with RFC 3986
+%% ASCII %x21 - %x7A ("!" - "z") except
+%% %x34 " double quote
+%% %x60 < less than
+%% %x62 > greater than
+%% %x92 \ backslash
+%% %x94 ^ caret / circumflex
+%% %x96 ` grave / accent
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-type uri_string() :: iodata().
+-type error() :: {error, atom(), term()}.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% RFC 3986, Chapter 3. Syntax Components
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-type uri_map() ::
+ #{fragment => unicode:chardata(),
+ host => unicode:chardata(),
+ path => unicode:chardata(),
+ port => non_neg_integer() | undefined,
+ query => unicode:chardata(),
+ scheme => unicode:chardata(),
+ userinfo => unicode:chardata()} | #{}.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Normalize URIs
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec normalize(URI) -> NormalizedURI when
+ URI :: uri_string() | uri_map(),
+ NormalizedURI :: uri_string()
+ | error().
+normalize(URIMap) ->
+ try normalize(URIMap, [])
+ catch
+ throw:{error, Atom, RestData} -> {error, Atom, RestData}
+ end.
+
+
+-spec normalize(URI, Options) -> NormalizedURI when
+ URI :: uri_string() | uri_map(),
+ Options :: [return_map],
+ NormalizedURI :: uri_string() | uri_map().
+normalize(URIMap, []) when is_map(URIMap) ->
+ recompose(normalize_map(URIMap));
+normalize(URIMap, [return_map]) when is_map(URIMap) ->
+ normalize_map(URIMap);
+normalize(URIString, []) ->
+ case parse(URIString) of
+ Value when is_map(Value) ->
+ recompose(normalize_map(Value));
+ Error ->
+ Error
+ end;
+normalize(URIString, [return_map]) ->
+ case parse(URIString) of
+ Value when is_map(Value) ->
+ normalize_map(Value);
+ Error ->
+ Error
+ end.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Parse URIs
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec parse(URIString) -> URIMap when
+ URIString :: uri_string(),
+ URIMap :: uri_map()
+ | error().
+parse(URIString) when is_binary(URIString) ->
+ try parse_uri_reference(URIString, #{})
+ catch
+ throw:{error, Atom, RestData} -> {error, Atom, RestData}
+ end;
+parse(URIString) when is_list(URIString) ->
+ try
+ Binary = unicode:characters_to_binary(URIString),
+ Map = parse_uri_reference(Binary, #{}),
+ convert_mapfields_to_list(Map)
+ catch
+ throw:{error, Atom, RestData} -> {error, Atom, RestData}
+ end.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Recompose URIs
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec recompose(URIMap) -> URIString when
+ URIMap :: uri_map(),
+ URIString :: uri_string()
+ | error().
+recompose(Map) ->
+ case is_valid_map(Map) of
+ false ->
+ {error, invalid_map, Map};
+ true ->
+ try
+ T0 = update_scheme(Map, empty),
+ T1 = update_userinfo(Map, T0),
+ T2 = update_host(Map, T1),
+ T3 = update_port(Map, T2),
+ T4 = update_path(Map, T3),
+ T5 = update_query(Map, T4),
+ update_fragment(Map, T5)
+ catch
+ throw:{error, Atom, RestData} -> {error, Atom, RestData}
+ end
+ end.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Transcode URIs
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec transcode(URIString, Options) -> Result when
+ URIString :: uri_string(),
+ Options :: [{in_encoding, unicode:encoding()}|{out_encoding, unicode:encoding()}],
+ Result :: uri_string()
+ | error().
+transcode(URIString, Options) when is_binary(URIString) ->
+ try
+ InEnc = proplists:get_value(in_encoding, Options, utf8),
+ OutEnc = proplists:get_value(out_encoding, Options, utf8),
+ List = convert_to_list(URIString, InEnc),
+ Output = transcode(List, [], InEnc, OutEnc),
+ convert_to_binary(Output, utf8, OutEnc)
+ catch
+ throw:{error, Atom, RestData} -> {error, Atom, RestData}
+ end;
+transcode(URIString, Options) when is_list(URIString) ->
+ InEnc = proplists:get_value(in_encoding, Options, utf8),
+ OutEnc = proplists:get_value(out_encoding, Options, utf8),
+ Flattened = flatten_list(URIString, InEnc),
+ try transcode(Flattened, [], InEnc, OutEnc)
+ catch
+ throw:{error, Atom, RestData} -> {error, Atom, RestData}
+ end.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Functions for working with the query part of a URI as a list
+%% of key/value pairs.
+%% HTML 5.2 - 4.10.21.6 URL-encoded form data - WHATWG URL (10 Jan 2018) - UTF-8
+%% HTML 5.0 - 4.10.22.6 URL-encoded form data - non UTF-8
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Compose urlencoded query string from a list of unescaped key/value pairs.
+%% (application/x-www-form-urlencoded encoding algorithm)
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec compose_query(QueryList) -> QueryString when
+ QueryList :: [{unicode:chardata(), unicode:chardata()}],
+ QueryString :: uri_string()
+ | error().
+compose_query(List) ->
+ compose_query(List, [{encoding, utf8}]).
+
+
+-spec compose_query(QueryList, Options) -> QueryString when
+ QueryList :: [{unicode:chardata(), unicode:chardata()}],
+ Options :: [{encoding, atom()}],
+ QueryString :: uri_string()
+ | error().
+compose_query([],_Options) ->
+ [];
+compose_query(List, Options) ->
+ try compose_query(List, Options, false, <<>>)
+ catch
+ throw:{error, Atom, RestData} -> {error, Atom, RestData}
+ end.
+%%
+compose_query([{Key,Value}|Rest], Options, IsList, Acc) ->
+ Separator = get_separator(Rest),
+ K = form_urlencode(Key, Options),
+ V = form_urlencode(Value, Options),
+ IsListNew = IsList orelse is_list(Key) orelse is_list(Value),
+ compose_query(Rest, Options, IsListNew, <<Acc/binary,K/binary,"=",V/binary,Separator/binary>>);
+compose_query([], _Options, IsList, Acc) ->
+ case IsList of
+ true -> convert_to_list(Acc, utf8);
+ false -> Acc
+ end.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Dissect a query string into a list of unescaped key/value pairs.
+%% (application/x-www-form-urlencoded decoding algorithm)
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec dissect_query(QueryString) -> QueryList when
+ QueryString :: uri_string(),
+ QueryList :: [{unicode:chardata(), unicode:chardata()}]
+ | error().
+dissect_query(<<>>) ->
+ [];
+dissect_query([]) ->
+ [];
+dissect_query(QueryString) when is_list(QueryString) ->
+ try
+ B = convert_to_binary(QueryString, utf8, utf8),
+ dissect_query_key(B, true, [], <<>>, <<>>)
+ catch
+ throw:{error, Atom, RestData} -> {error, Atom, RestData}
+ end;
+dissect_query(QueryString) ->
+ try dissect_query_key(QueryString, false, [], <<>>, <<>>)
+ catch
+ throw:{error, Atom, RestData} -> {error, Atom, RestData}
+ end.
+
+
+%%%========================================================================
+%%% Internal functions
+%%%========================================================================
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Converts Map fields to lists
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+convert_mapfields_to_list(Map) ->
+ Fun = fun (_, V) when is_binary(V) -> unicode:characters_to_list(V);
+ (_, V) -> V end,
+ maps:map(Fun, Map).
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 4.1. URI Reference]
+%%
+%% URI-reference is used to denote the most common usage of a resource
+%% identifier.
+%%
+%% URI-reference = URI / relative-ref
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec parse_uri_reference(binary(), uri_map()) -> uri_map().
+parse_uri_reference(<<>>, _) -> #{path => <<>>};
+parse_uri_reference(URIString, URI) ->
+ try parse_scheme_start(URIString, URI)
+ catch
+ throw:{_,_,_} ->
+ parse_relative_part(URIString, URI)
+ end.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 4.2. Relative Reference]
+%%
+%% A relative reference takes advantage of the hierarchical syntax
+%% (Section 1.2.3) to express a URI reference relative to the name space
+%% of another hierarchical URI.
+%%
+%% relative-ref = relative-part [ "?" query ] [ "#" fragment ]
+%%
+%% relative-part = "//" authority path-abempty
+%% / path-absolute
+%% / path-noscheme
+%% / path-empty
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec parse_relative_part(binary(), uri_map()) -> uri_map().
+parse_relative_part(?STRING_REST("//", Rest), URI) ->
+ %% Parse userinfo - "//" is NOT part of authority
+ try parse_userinfo(Rest, URI) of
+ {T, URI1} ->
+ Userinfo = calculate_parsed_userinfo(Rest, T),
+ URI2 = maybe_add_path(URI1),
+ URI2#{userinfo => Userinfo}
+ catch
+ throw:{_,_,_} ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_host(Rest, URI),
+ Host = calculate_parsed_host_port(Rest, T),
+ URI2 = maybe_add_path(URI1),
+ URI2#{host => remove_brackets(Host)}
+ end;
+parse_relative_part(?STRING_REST($/, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_segment(Rest, URI), % path-absolute
+ Path = calculate_parsed_part(Rest, T),
+ URI1#{path => ?STRING_REST($/, Path)};
+parse_relative_part(?STRING_REST($?, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_query(Rest, URI), % path-empty ?query
+ Query = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ URI2 = maybe_add_path(URI1),
+ URI2#{query => Query};
+parse_relative_part(?STRING_REST($#, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_fragment(Rest, URI), % path-empty
+ Fragment = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ URI2 = maybe_add_path(URI1),
+ URI2#{fragment => Fragment};
+parse_relative_part(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) ->
+ case is_segment_nz_nc(Char) of
+ true ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_segment_nz_nc(Rest, URI), % path-noscheme
+ Path = calculate_parsed_part(Rest, T),
+ URI1#{path => ?STRING_REST(Char, Path)};
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.3. Path]
+%%
+%% The path component contains data, usually organized in hierarchical
+%% form, that, along with data in the non-hierarchical query component
+%% (Section 3.4), serves to identify a resource within the scope of the
+%% URI's scheme and naming authority (if any). The path is terminated
+%% by the first question mark ("?") or number sign ("#") character, or
+%% by the end of the URI.
+%%
+%% path = path-abempty ; begins with "/" or is empty
+%% / path-absolute ; begins with "/" but not "//"
+%% / path-noscheme ; begins with a non-colon segment
+%% / path-rootless ; begins with a segment
+%% / path-empty ; zero characters
+%%
+%% path-abempty = *( "/" segment )
+%% path-absolute = "/" [ segment-nz *( "/" segment ) ]
+%% path-noscheme = segment-nz-nc *( "/" segment )
+%% path-rootless = segment-nz *( "/" segment )
+%% path-empty = 0<pchar>
+%% segment = *pchar
+%% segment-nz = 1*pchar
+%% segment-nz-nc = 1*( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / "@" )
+%% ; non-zero-length segment without any colon ":"
+%%
+%% pchar = unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / ":" / "@"
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% path-abempty
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec parse_segment(binary(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_segment(?STRING_REST($/, Rest), URI) ->
+ parse_segment(Rest, URI); % segment
+parse_segment(?STRING_REST($?, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_query(Rest, URI), % ?query
+ Query = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{query => Query}};
+parse_segment(?STRING_REST($#, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_fragment(Rest, URI),
+ Fragment = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{fragment => Fragment}};
+parse_segment(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) ->
+ case is_pchar(Char) of
+ true -> parse_segment(Rest, URI);
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end;
+parse_segment(?STRING_EMPTY, URI) ->
+ {?STRING_EMPTY, URI}.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% path-noscheme
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec parse_segment_nz_nc(binary(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_segment_nz_nc(?STRING_REST($/, Rest), URI) ->
+ parse_segment(Rest, URI); % segment
+parse_segment_nz_nc(?STRING_REST($?, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_query(Rest, URI), % ?query
+ Query = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{query => Query}};
+parse_segment_nz_nc(?STRING_REST($#, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_fragment(Rest, URI),
+ Fragment = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{fragment => Fragment}};
+parse_segment_nz_nc(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) ->
+ case is_segment_nz_nc(Char) of
+ true -> parse_segment_nz_nc(Rest, URI);
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end;
+parse_segment_nz_nc(?STRING_EMPTY, URI) ->
+ {?STRING_EMPTY, URI}.
+
+
+%% Check if char is pchar.
+-spec is_pchar(char()) -> boolean().
+is_pchar($%) -> true; % pct-encoded
+is_pchar($:) -> true;
+is_pchar($@) -> true;
+is_pchar(Char) -> is_unreserved(Char) orelse is_sub_delim(Char).
+
+%% Check if char is segment_nz_nc.
+-spec is_segment_nz_nc(char()) -> boolean().
+is_segment_nz_nc($%) -> true; % pct-encoded
+is_segment_nz_nc($@) -> true;
+is_segment_nz_nc(Char) -> is_unreserved(Char) orelse is_sub_delim(Char).
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.1. Scheme]
+%%
+%% Each URI begins with a scheme name that refers to a specification for
+%% assigning identifiers within that scheme.
+%%
+%% scheme = ALPHA *( ALPHA / DIGIT / "+" / "-" / "." )
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec parse_scheme_start(binary(), uri_map()) -> uri_map().
+parse_scheme_start(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) ->
+ case is_alpha(Char) of
+ true -> {T, URI1} = parse_scheme(Rest, URI),
+ Scheme = calculate_parsed_scheme(Rest, T),
+ URI2 = maybe_add_path(URI1),
+ URI2#{scheme => ?STRING_REST(Char, Scheme)};
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end.
+
+%% Add path component if it missing after parsing the URI.
+%% According to the URI specification there is always a
+%% path component in every URI-reference and it can be
+%% empty.
+maybe_add_path(Map) ->
+ case maps:is_key(path, Map) of
+ false ->
+ Map#{path => <<>>};
+ _Else ->
+ Map
+ end.
+
+
+
+-spec parse_scheme(binary(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_scheme(?STRING_REST($:, Rest), URI) ->
+ {_, URI1} = parse_hier(Rest, URI),
+ {Rest, URI1};
+parse_scheme(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) ->
+ case is_scheme(Char) of
+ true -> parse_scheme(Rest, URI);
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end;
+parse_scheme(?STRING_EMPTY, _URI) ->
+ throw({error,invalid_uri,<<>>}).
+
+
+%% Check if char is allowed in scheme
+-spec is_scheme(char()) -> boolean().
+is_scheme($+) -> true;
+is_scheme($-) -> true;
+is_scheme($.) -> true;
+is_scheme(Char) -> is_alpha(Char) orelse is_digit(Char).
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% hier-part = "//" authority path-abempty
+%% / path-absolute
+%% / path-rootless
+%% / path-empty
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec parse_hier(binary(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_hier(?STRING_REST("//", Rest), URI) ->
+ % Parse userinfo - "//" is NOT part of authority
+ try parse_userinfo(Rest, URI) of
+ {T, URI1} ->
+ Userinfo = calculate_parsed_userinfo(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{userinfo => Userinfo}}
+ catch
+ throw:{_,_,_} ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_host(Rest, URI),
+ Host = calculate_parsed_host_port(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{host => remove_brackets(Host)}}
+ end;
+parse_hier(?STRING_REST($/, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_segment(Rest, URI), % path-absolute
+ Path = calculate_parsed_part(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{path => ?STRING_REST($/, Path)}};
+parse_hier(?STRING_REST($?, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_query(Rest, URI), % path-empty ?query
+ Query = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{query => Query}};
+parse_hier(?STRING_REST($#, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_fragment(Rest, URI), % path-empty
+ Fragment = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{fragment => Fragment}};
+parse_hier(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) -> % path-rootless
+ case is_pchar(Char) of
+ true -> % segment_nz
+ {T, URI1} = parse_segment(Rest, URI),
+ Path = calculate_parsed_part(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{path => ?STRING_REST(Char, Path)}};
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end;
+parse_hier(?STRING_EMPTY, URI) ->
+ {<<>>, URI}.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.2. Authority]
+%%
+%% Many URI schemes include a hierarchical element for a naming
+%% authority so that governance of the name space defined by the
+%% remainder of the URI is delegated to that authority (which may, in
+%% turn, delegate it further).
+%%
+%% The authority component is preceded by a double slash ("//") and is
+%% terminated by the next slash ("/"), question mark ("?"), or number
+%% sign ("#") character, or by the end of the URI.
+%%
+%% authority = [ userinfo "@" ] host [ ":" port ]
+%%
+%%
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.2.1. User Information]
+%%
+%% The userinfo subcomponent may consist of a user name and, optionally,
+%% scheme-specific information about how to gain authorization to access
+%% the resource. The user information, if present, is followed by a
+%% commercial at-sign ("@") that delimits it from the host.
+%%
+%% userinfo = *( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / ":" )
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec parse_userinfo(binary(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_userinfo(?CHAR($@), URI) ->
+ {?STRING_EMPTY, URI#{host => <<>>}};
+parse_userinfo(?STRING_REST($@, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_host(Rest, URI),
+ Host = calculate_parsed_host_port(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{host => remove_brackets(Host)}};
+parse_userinfo(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) ->
+ case is_userinfo(Char) of
+ true -> parse_userinfo(Rest, URI);
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end;
+parse_userinfo(?STRING_EMPTY, _URI) ->
+ %% URI cannot end in userinfo state
+ throw({error,invalid_uri,<<>>}).
+
+
+%% Check if char is allowed in userinfo
+-spec is_userinfo(char()) -> boolean().
+is_userinfo($%) -> true; % pct-encoded
+is_userinfo($:) -> true;
+is_userinfo(Char) -> is_unreserved(Char) orelse is_sub_delim(Char).
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.2.2. Host]
+%%
+%% The host subcomponent of authority is identified by an IP literal
+%% encapsulated within square brackets, an IPv4 address in dotted-
+%% decimal form, or a registered name.
+%%
+%% host = IP-literal / IPv4address / reg-name
+%%
+%% IP-literal = "[" ( IPv6address / IPvFuture ) "]"
+%%
+%% IPvFuture = "v" 1*HEXDIG "." 1*( unreserved / sub-delims / ":" )
+%%
+%% IPv6address = 6( h16 ":" ) ls32
+%% / "::" 5( h16 ":" ) ls32
+%% / [ h16 ] "::" 4( h16 ":" ) ls32
+%% / [ *1( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 3( h16 ":" ) ls32
+%% / [ *2( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" 2( h16 ":" ) ls32
+%% / [ *3( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" h16 ":" ls32
+%% / [ *4( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" ls32
+%% / [ *5( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::" h16
+%% / [ *6( h16 ":" ) h16 ] "::"
+%%
+%% ls32 = ( h16 ":" h16 ) / IPv4address
+%% ; least-significant 32 bits of address
+%%
+%% h16 = 1*4HEXDIG
+%% ; 16 bits of address represented in hexadecimal
+%%
+%% IPv4address = dec-octet "." dec-octet "." dec-octet "." dec-octet
+%%
+%% dec-octet = DIGIT ; 0-9
+%% / %x31-39 DIGIT ; 10-99
+%% / "1" 2DIGIT ; 100-199
+%% / "2" %x30-34 DIGIT ; 200-249
+%% / "25" %x30-35 ; 250-255
+%%
+%% reg-name = *( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims )
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec parse_host(binary(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_host(?STRING_REST($:, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_port(Rest, URI),
+ H = calculate_parsed_host_port(Rest, T),
+ Port = get_port(H),
+ {Rest, URI1#{port => Port}};
+parse_host(?STRING_REST($/, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_segment(Rest, URI), % path-abempty
+ Path = calculate_parsed_part(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{path => ?STRING_REST($/, Path)}};
+parse_host(?STRING_REST($?, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_query(Rest, URI), % path-empty ?query
+ Query = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{query => Query}};
+parse_host(?STRING_REST($[, Rest), URI) ->
+ parse_ipv6_bin(Rest, [], URI);
+parse_host(?STRING_REST($#, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_fragment(Rest, URI), % path-empty
+ Fragment = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{fragment => Fragment}};
+parse_host(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) ->
+ case is_digit(Char) of
+ true ->
+ try parse_ipv4_bin(Rest, [Char], URI)
+ catch
+ throw:{_,_,_} ->
+ parse_reg_name(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI)
+ end;
+ false -> parse_reg_name(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI)
+ end;
+parse_host(?STRING_EMPTY, URI) ->
+ {?STRING_EMPTY, URI}.
+
+
+-spec parse_reg_name(binary(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_reg_name(?STRING_REST($:, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_port(Rest, URI),
+ H = calculate_parsed_host_port(Rest, T),
+ Port = get_port(H),
+ {Rest, URI1#{port => Port}};
+parse_reg_name(?STRING_REST($/, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_segment(Rest, URI), % path-abempty
+ Path = calculate_parsed_part(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{path => ?STRING_REST($/, Path)}};
+parse_reg_name(?STRING_REST($?, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_query(Rest, URI), % path-empty ?query
+ Query = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{query => Query}};
+parse_reg_name(?STRING_REST($#, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_fragment(Rest, URI), % path-empty
+ Fragment = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{fragment => Fragment}};
+parse_reg_name(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) ->
+ case is_reg_name(Char) of
+ true -> parse_reg_name(Rest, URI);
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end;
+parse_reg_name(?STRING_EMPTY, URI) ->
+ {?STRING_EMPTY, URI}.
+
+%% Check if char is allowed in reg-name
+-spec is_reg_name(char()) -> boolean().
+is_reg_name($%) -> true;
+is_reg_name(Char) -> is_unreserved(Char) orelse is_sub_delim(Char).
+
+
+-spec parse_ipv4_bin(binary(), list(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_ipv4_bin(?STRING_REST($:, Rest), Acc, URI) ->
+ _ = validate_ipv4_address(lists:reverse(Acc)),
+ {T, URI1} = parse_port(Rest, URI),
+ H = calculate_parsed_host_port(Rest, T),
+ Port = get_port(H),
+ {Rest, URI1#{port => Port}};
+parse_ipv4_bin(?STRING_REST($/, Rest), Acc, URI) ->
+ _ = validate_ipv4_address(lists:reverse(Acc)),
+ {T, URI1} = parse_segment(Rest, URI), % path-abempty
+ Path = calculate_parsed_part(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{path => ?STRING_REST($/, Path)}};
+parse_ipv4_bin(?STRING_REST($?, Rest), Acc, URI) ->
+ _ = validate_ipv4_address(lists:reverse(Acc)),
+ {T, URI1} = parse_query(Rest, URI), % path-empty ?query
+ Query = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{query => Query}};
+parse_ipv4_bin(?STRING_REST($#, Rest), Acc, URI) ->
+ _ = validate_ipv4_address(lists:reverse(Acc)),
+ {T, URI1} = parse_fragment(Rest, URI), % path-empty
+ Fragment = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{fragment => Fragment}};
+parse_ipv4_bin(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), Acc, URI) ->
+ case is_ipv4(Char) of
+ true -> parse_ipv4_bin(Rest, [Char|Acc], URI);
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end;
+parse_ipv4_bin(?STRING_EMPTY, Acc, URI) ->
+ _ = validate_ipv4_address(lists:reverse(Acc)),
+ {?STRING_EMPTY, URI}.
+
+
+%% Check if char is allowed in IPv4 addresses
+-spec is_ipv4(char()) -> boolean().
+is_ipv4($.) -> true;
+is_ipv4(Char) -> is_digit(Char).
+
+-spec validate_ipv4_address(list()) -> list().
+validate_ipv4_address(Addr) ->
+ case inet:parse_ipv4strict_address(Addr) of
+ {ok, _} -> Addr;
+ {error, _} -> throw({error,invalid_uri,Addr})
+ end.
+
+
+-spec parse_ipv6_bin(binary(), list(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_ipv6_bin(?STRING_REST($], Rest), Acc, URI) ->
+ _ = validate_ipv6_address(lists:reverse(Acc)),
+ parse_ipv6_bin_end(Rest, URI);
+parse_ipv6_bin(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), Acc, URI) ->
+ case is_ipv6(Char) of
+ true -> parse_ipv6_bin(Rest, [Char|Acc], URI);
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end;
+parse_ipv6_bin(?STRING_EMPTY, _Acc, _URI) ->
+ throw({error,invalid_uri,<<>>}).
+
+%% Check if char is allowed in IPv6 addresses
+-spec is_ipv6(char()) -> boolean().
+is_ipv6($:) -> true;
+is_ipv6($.) -> true;
+is_ipv6(Char) -> is_hex_digit(Char).
+
+
+-spec parse_ipv6_bin_end(binary(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_ipv6_bin_end(?STRING_REST($:, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_port(Rest, URI),
+ H = calculate_parsed_host_port(Rest, T),
+ Port = get_port(H),
+ {Rest, URI1#{port => Port}};
+parse_ipv6_bin_end(?STRING_REST($/, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_segment(Rest, URI), % path-abempty
+ Path = calculate_parsed_part(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{path => ?STRING_REST($/, Path)}};
+parse_ipv6_bin_end(?STRING_REST($?, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_query(Rest, URI), % path-empty ?query
+ Query = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{query => Query}};
+parse_ipv6_bin_end(?STRING_REST($#, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_fragment(Rest, URI), % path-empty
+ Fragment = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{fragment => Fragment}};
+parse_ipv6_bin_end(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) ->
+ case is_ipv6(Char) of
+ true -> parse_ipv6_bin_end(Rest, URI);
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end;
+parse_ipv6_bin_end(?STRING_EMPTY, URI) ->
+ {?STRING_EMPTY, URI}.
+
+-spec validate_ipv6_address(list()) -> list().
+validate_ipv6_address(Addr) ->
+ case inet:parse_ipv6strict_address(Addr) of
+ {ok, _} -> Addr;
+ {error, _} -> throw({error,invalid_uri,Addr})
+ end.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.2.2. Port]
+%%
+%% The port subcomponent of authority is designated by an optional port
+%% number in decimal following the host and delimited from it by a
+%% single colon (":") character.
+%%
+%% port = *DIGIT
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec parse_port(binary(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_port(?STRING_REST($/, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_segment(Rest, URI), % path-abempty
+ Path = calculate_parsed_part(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{path => ?STRING_REST($/, Path)}};
+parse_port(?STRING_REST($?, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_query(Rest, URI), % path-empty ?query
+ Query = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{query => Query}};
+parse_port(?STRING_REST($#, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_fragment(Rest, URI), % path-empty
+ Fragment = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{fragment => Fragment}};
+parse_port(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) ->
+ case is_digit(Char) of
+ true -> parse_port(Rest, URI);
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end;
+parse_port(?STRING_EMPTY, URI) ->
+ {?STRING_EMPTY, URI}.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.4. Query]
+%%
+%% The query component contains non-hierarchical data that, along with
+%% data in the path component (Section 3.3), serves to identify a
+%% resource within the scope of the URI's scheme and naming authority
+%% (if any). The query component is indicated by the first question
+%% mark ("?") character and terminated by a number sign ("#") character
+%% or by the end of the URI.
+%%
+%% query = *( pchar / "/" / "?" )
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec parse_query(binary(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_query(?STRING_REST($#, Rest), URI) ->
+ {T, URI1} = parse_fragment(Rest, URI),
+ Fragment = calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Rest, T),
+ {Rest, URI1#{fragment => Fragment}};
+parse_query(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) ->
+ case is_query(Char) of
+ true -> parse_query(Rest, URI);
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end;
+parse_query(?STRING_EMPTY, URI) ->
+ {?STRING_EMPTY, URI}.
+
+
+%% Check if char is allowed in query
+-spec is_query(char()) -> boolean().
+is_query($/) -> true;
+is_query($?) -> true;
+is_query(Char) -> is_pchar(Char).
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 3.5. Fragment]
+%%
+%% The fragment identifier component of a URI allows indirect
+%% identification of a secondary resource by reference to a primary
+%% resource and additional identifying information.
+%%
+%% fragment = *( pchar / "/" / "?" )
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec parse_fragment(binary(), uri_map()) -> {binary(), uri_map()}.
+parse_fragment(?STRING_REST(Char, Rest), URI) ->
+ case is_fragment(Char) of
+ true -> parse_fragment(Rest, URI);
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_uri,[Char]})
+ end;
+parse_fragment(?STRING_EMPTY, URI) ->
+ {?STRING_EMPTY, URI}.
+
+
+%% Check if char is allowed in fragment
+-spec is_fragment(char()) -> boolean().
+is_fragment($/) -> true;
+is_fragment($?) -> true;
+is_fragment(Char) -> is_pchar(Char).
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 2.2. Reserved Characters]
+%%
+%% reserved = gen-delims / sub-delims
+%%
+%% gen-delims = ":" / "/" / "?" / "#" / "[" / "]" / "@"
+%%
+%% sub-delims = "!" / "$" / "&" / "'" / "(" / ")"
+%% / "*" / "+" / "," / ";" / "="
+%%
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%% Return true if input char is reserved.
+-spec is_reserved(char()) -> boolean().
+is_reserved($:) -> true;
+is_reserved($/) -> true;
+is_reserved($?) -> true;
+is_reserved($#) -> true;
+is_reserved($[) -> true;
+is_reserved($]) -> true;
+is_reserved($@) -> true;
+
+is_reserved($!) -> true;
+is_reserved($$) -> true;
+is_reserved($&) -> true;
+is_reserved($') -> true;
+is_reserved($() -> true;
+is_reserved($)) -> true;
+
+is_reserved($*) -> true;
+is_reserved($+) -> true;
+is_reserved($,) -> true;
+is_reserved($;) -> true;
+is_reserved($=) -> true;
+is_reserved(_) -> false.
+
+
+%% Check if char is sub-delim.
+-spec is_sub_delim(char()) -> boolean().
+is_sub_delim($!) -> true;
+is_sub_delim($$) -> true;
+is_sub_delim($&) -> true;
+is_sub_delim($') -> true;
+is_sub_delim($() -> true;
+is_sub_delim($)) -> true;
+
+is_sub_delim($*) -> true;
+is_sub_delim($+) -> true;
+is_sub_delim($,) -> true;
+is_sub_delim($;) -> true;
+is_sub_delim($=) -> true;
+is_sub_delim(_) -> false.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 2.3. Unreserved Characters]
+%%
+%% unreserved = ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "." / "_" / "~"
+%%
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec is_unreserved(char()) -> boolean().
+is_unreserved($-) -> true;
+is_unreserved($.) -> true;
+is_unreserved($_) -> true;
+is_unreserved($~) -> true;
+is_unreserved(Char) -> is_alpha(Char) orelse is_digit(Char).
+
+-spec is_alpha(char()) -> boolean().
+is_alpha(C)
+ when $A =< C, C =< $Z;
+ $a =< C, C =< $z -> true;
+is_alpha(_) -> false.
+
+-spec is_digit(char()) -> boolean().
+is_digit(C)
+ when $0 =< C, C =< $9 -> true;
+is_digit(_) -> false.
+
+-spec is_hex_digit(char()) -> boolean().
+is_hex_digit(C)
+ when $0 =< C, C =< $9;$a =< C, C =< $f;$A =< C, C =< $F -> true;
+is_hex_digit(_) -> false.
+
+
+%% Remove enclosing brackets from binary
+-spec remove_brackets(binary()) -> binary().
+remove_brackets(<<$[/utf8, Rest/binary>>) ->
+ {H,T} = split_binary(Rest, byte_size(Rest) - 1),
+ case T =:= <<$]/utf8>> of
+ true -> H;
+ false -> Rest
+ end;
+remove_brackets(Addr) -> Addr.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Helper functions for calculating the parsed binary.
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec calculate_parsed_scheme(binary(), binary()) -> binary().
+calculate_parsed_scheme(Input, <<>>) ->
+ strip_last_char(Input, [$:]);
+calculate_parsed_scheme(Input, Unparsed) ->
+ get_parsed_binary(Input, Unparsed).
+
+
+-spec calculate_parsed_part(binary(), binary()) -> binary().
+calculate_parsed_part(Input, <<>>) ->
+ strip_last_char(Input, [$?,$#]);
+calculate_parsed_part(Input, Unparsed) ->
+ get_parsed_binary(Input, Unparsed).
+
+
+-spec calculate_parsed_userinfo(binary(), binary()) -> binary().
+calculate_parsed_userinfo(Input, <<>>) ->
+ strip_last_char(Input, [$?,$#,$@]);
+calculate_parsed_userinfo(Input, Unparsed) ->
+ get_parsed_binary(Input, Unparsed).
+
+
+-spec calculate_parsed_host_port(binary(), binary()) -> binary().
+calculate_parsed_host_port(Input, <<>>) ->
+ strip_last_char(Input, [$:,$?,$#,$/]);
+calculate_parsed_host_port(Input, Unparsed) ->
+ get_parsed_binary(Input, Unparsed).
+
+
+calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Input, <<>>) ->
+ strip_last_char(Input, [$#]);
+calculate_parsed_query_fragment(Input, Unparsed) ->
+ get_parsed_binary(Input, Unparsed).
+
+
+get_port(<<>>) ->
+ undefined;
+get_port(B) ->
+ try binary_to_integer(B)
+ catch
+ error:badarg ->
+ throw({error, invalid_uri, B})
+ end.
+
+
+%% Strip last char if it is in list
+%%
+%% This function is optimized for speed: parse/1 is about 10% faster than
+%% with an alternative implementation based on lists and sets.
+strip_last_char(<<>>, _) -> <<>>;
+strip_last_char(Input, [C0]) ->
+ case binary:last(Input) of
+ C0 ->
+ init_binary(Input);
+ _Else ->
+ Input
+ end;
+strip_last_char(Input, [C0,C1]) ->
+ case binary:last(Input) of
+ C0 ->
+ init_binary(Input);
+ C1 ->
+ init_binary(Input);
+ _Else ->
+ Input
+ end;
+strip_last_char(Input, [C0,C1,C2]) ->
+ case binary:last(Input) of
+ C0 ->
+ init_binary(Input);
+ C1 ->
+ init_binary(Input);
+ C2 ->
+ init_binary(Input);
+ _Else ->
+ Input
+ end;
+strip_last_char(Input, [C0,C1,C2,C3]) ->
+ case binary:last(Input) of
+ C0 ->
+ init_binary(Input);
+ C1 ->
+ init_binary(Input);
+ C2 ->
+ init_binary(Input);
+ C3 ->
+ init_binary(Input);
+ _Else ->
+ Input
+ end.
+
+
+%% Get parsed binary
+get_parsed_binary(Input, Unparsed) ->
+ {First, _} = split_binary(Input, byte_size(Input) - byte_size_exl_head(Unparsed)),
+ First.
+
+
+%% Return all bytes of the binary except the last one. The binary must be non-empty.
+init_binary(B) ->
+ {Init, _} =
+ split_binary(B, byte_size(B) - 1),
+ Init.
+
+
+%% Returns the size of a binary exluding the first element.
+%% Used in calls to split_binary().
+-spec byte_size_exl_head(binary()) -> number().
+byte_size_exl_head(<<>>) -> 0;
+byte_size_exl_head(Binary) -> byte_size(Binary) + 1.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% [RFC 3986, Chapter 2.1. Percent-Encoding]
+%%
+%% A percent-encoding mechanism is used to represent a data octet in a
+%% component when that octet's corresponding character is outside the
+%% allowed set or is being used as a delimiter of, or within, the
+%% component. A percent-encoded octet is encoded as a character
+%% triplet, consisting of the percent character "%" followed by the two
+%% hexadecimal digits representing that octet's numeric value. For
+%% example, "%20" is the percent-encoding for the binary octet
+%% "00100000" (ABNF: %x20), which in US-ASCII corresponds to the space
+%% character (SP). Section 2.4 describes when percent-encoding and
+%% decoding is applied.
+%%
+%% pct-encoded = "%" HEXDIG HEXDIG
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Percent-encode
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%% Only validates as scheme cannot have percent-encoded characters
+-spec encode_scheme(list()|binary()) -> list() | binary().
+encode_scheme([]) ->
+ throw({error,invalid_scheme,""});
+encode_scheme(<<>>) ->
+ throw({error,invalid_scheme,<<>>});
+encode_scheme(Scheme) ->
+ case validate_scheme(Scheme) of
+ true -> Scheme;
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_scheme,Scheme})
+ end.
+
+-spec encode_userinfo(list()|binary()) -> list() | binary().
+encode_userinfo(Cs) ->
+ encode(Cs, fun is_userinfo/1).
+
+-spec encode_host(list()|binary()) -> list() | binary().
+encode_host(Cs) ->
+ case classify_host(Cs) of
+ regname -> Cs;
+ ipv4 -> Cs;
+ ipv6 -> bracket_ipv6(Cs);
+ other -> encode(Cs, fun is_reg_name/1)
+ end.
+
+-spec encode_path(list()|binary()) -> list() | binary().
+encode_path(Cs) ->
+ encode(Cs, fun is_path/1).
+
+-spec encode_query(list()|binary()) -> list() | binary().
+encode_query(Cs) ->
+ encode(Cs, fun is_query/1).
+
+-spec encode_fragment(list()|binary()) -> list() | binary().
+encode_fragment(Cs) ->
+ encode(Cs, fun is_fragment/1).
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Helper funtions for percent-decode
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-spec decode(list()|binary()) -> list() | binary().
+decode(Cs) ->
+ decode(Cs, <<>>).
+%%
+decode(L, Acc) when is_list(L) ->
+ B0 = unicode:characters_to_binary(L),
+ B1 = decode(B0, Acc),
+ unicode:characters_to_list(B1);
+decode(<<$%,C0,C1,Cs/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ case is_hex_digit(C0) andalso is_hex_digit(C1) of
+ true ->
+ B = ?HEX2DEC(C0)*16+?HEX2DEC(C1),
+ case is_reserved(B) of
+ true ->
+ %% [2.2] Characters in the reserved set are protected from
+ %% normalization.
+ %% [2.1] For consistency, URI producers and normalizers should
+ %% use uppercase hexadecimal digits for all percent-
+ %% encodings.
+ H0 = hex_to_upper(C0),
+ H1 = hex_to_upper(C1),
+ decode(Cs, <<Acc/binary,$%,H0,H1>>);
+ false ->
+ decode(Cs, <<Acc/binary, B>>)
+ end;
+ false -> throw({error,invalid_percent_encoding,<<$%,C0,C1>>})
+ end;
+decode(<<C,Cs/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ decode(Cs, <<Acc/binary, C>>);
+decode(<<>>, Acc) ->
+ check_utf8(Acc).
+
+%% Returns Cs if it is utf8 encoded.
+check_utf8(Cs) ->
+ case unicode:characters_to_list(Cs) of
+ {incomplete,_,_} ->
+ throw({error,invalid_utf8,Cs});
+ {error,_,_} ->
+ throw({error,invalid_utf8,Cs});
+ _ -> Cs
+ end.
+
+%% Convert hex digit to uppercase form
+hex_to_upper(H) when $a =< H, H =< $f ->
+ H - 32;
+hex_to_upper(H) when $0 =< H, H =< $9;$A =< H, H =< $F->
+ H;
+hex_to_upper(H) ->
+ throw({error,invalid_input, H}).
+
+%% Check if char is allowed in host
+-spec is_host(char()) -> boolean().
+is_host($:) -> true;
+is_host(Char) -> is_unreserved(Char) orelse is_sub_delim(Char).
+
+%% Check if char is allowed in path
+-spec is_path(char()) -> boolean().
+is_path($/) -> true;
+is_path(Char) -> is_pchar(Char).
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Helper functions for percent-encode
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-spec encode(list()|binary(), fun()) -> list() | binary().
+encode(Component, Fun) when is_list(Component) ->
+ B = unicode:characters_to_binary(Component),
+ unicode:characters_to_list(encode(B, Fun, <<>>));
+encode(Component, Fun) when is_binary(Component) ->
+ encode(Component, Fun, <<>>).
+%%
+encode(<<Char/utf8, Rest/binary>>, Fun, Acc) ->
+ C = encode_codepoint_binary(Char, Fun),
+ encode(Rest, Fun, <<Acc/binary,C/binary>>);
+encode(<<Char, Rest/binary>>, _Fun, _Acc) ->
+ throw({error,invalid_input,<<Char,Rest/binary>>});
+encode(<<>>, _Fun, Acc) ->
+ Acc.
+
+
+-spec encode_codepoint_binary(integer(), fun()) -> binary().
+encode_codepoint_binary(C, Fun) ->
+ case Fun(C) of
+ false -> percent_encode_binary(C);
+ true -> <<C>>
+ end.
+
+
+-spec percent_encode_binary(integer()) -> binary().
+percent_encode_binary(Code) ->
+ percent_encode_binary(<<Code/utf8>>, <<>>).
+
+
+percent_encode_binary(<<A:4,B:4,Rest/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ percent_encode_binary(Rest, <<Acc/binary,$%,(?DEC2HEX(A)),(?DEC2HEX(B))>>);
+percent_encode_binary(<<>>, Acc) ->
+ Acc.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+validate_scheme([]) -> true;
+validate_scheme([H|T]) ->
+ case is_scheme(H) of
+ true -> validate_scheme(T);
+ false -> false
+ end;
+validate_scheme(<<>>) -> true;
+validate_scheme(<<H, Rest/binary>>) ->
+ case is_scheme(H) of
+ true -> validate_scheme(Rest);
+ false -> false
+ end.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Classifies hostname into the following categories:
+%% regname, ipv4 - address does not contain reserved characters to be
+%% percent-encoded
+%% ipv6 - address does not contain reserved characters but it shall be
+%% encolsed in brackets
+%% other - address shall be percent-encoded
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+classify_host([]) -> other;
+classify_host(Addr) when is_binary(Addr) ->
+ A = unicode:characters_to_list(Addr),
+ classify_host_ipv6(A);
+classify_host(Addr) ->
+ classify_host_ipv6(Addr).
+
+classify_host_ipv6(Addr) ->
+ case is_ipv6_address(Addr) of
+ true -> ipv6;
+ false -> classify_host_ipv4(Addr)
+ end.
+
+classify_host_ipv4(Addr) ->
+ case is_ipv4_address(Addr) of
+ true -> ipv4;
+ false -> classify_host_regname(Addr)
+ end.
+
+classify_host_regname([]) -> regname;
+classify_host_regname([H|T]) ->
+ case is_reg_name(H) of
+ true -> classify_host_regname(T);
+ false -> other
+ end.
+
+is_ipv4_address(Addr) ->
+ case inet:parse_ipv4strict_address(Addr) of
+ {ok, _} -> true;
+ {error, _} -> false
+ end.
+
+is_ipv6_address(Addr) ->
+ case inet:parse_ipv6strict_address(Addr) of
+ {ok, _} -> true;
+ {error, _} -> false
+ end.
+
+bracket_ipv6(Addr) when is_binary(Addr) ->
+ concat(<<$[,Addr/binary>>,<<$]>>);
+bracket_ipv6(Addr) when is_list(Addr) ->
+ [$[|Addr] ++ "]".
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Helper funtions for recompose
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Checks if input Map has valid combination of fields that can be
+%% recomposed into a URI.
+%%
+%% The implementation is based on a decision tree that fulfills the
+%% following rules:
+%% - 'path' shall always be present in the input map
+%% URI = scheme ":" hier-part [ "?" query ] [ "#" fragment ]
+%% hier-part = "//" authority path-abempty
+%% / path-absolute
+%% / path-rootless
+%% / path-empty
+%% - 'host' shall be present in the input map when 'path' starts with
+%% two slashes ("//")
+%% path = path-abempty ; begins with "/" or is empty
+%% / path-absolute ; begins with "/" but not "//"
+%% / path-noscheme ; begins with a non-colon segment
+%% / path-rootless ; begins with a segment
+%% / path-empty ; zero characters
+%% path-abempty = *( "/" segment )
+%% segment = *pchar
+%% - 'host' shall be present if userinfo or port is present in input map
+%% authority = [ userinfo "@" ] host [ ":" port ]
+%% - All fields shall be valid (scheme, userinfo, host, port, path, query
+%% or fragment).
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+is_valid_map(#{path := Path} = Map) ->
+ ((starts_with_two_slash(Path) andalso is_valid_map_host(Map))
+ orelse
+ (maps:is_key(userinfo, Map) andalso is_valid_map_host(Map))
+ orelse
+ (maps:is_key(port, Map) andalso is_valid_map_host(Map))
+ orelse
+ all_fields_valid(Map));
+is_valid_map(#{}) ->
+ false.
+
+
+is_valid_map_host(Map) ->
+ maps:is_key(host, Map) andalso all_fields_valid(Map).
+
+
+all_fields_valid(Map) ->
+ Fun = fun(scheme, _, Acc) -> Acc;
+ (userinfo, _, Acc) -> Acc;
+ (host, _, Acc) -> Acc;
+ (port, _, Acc) -> Acc;
+ (path, _, Acc) -> Acc;
+ (query, _, Acc) -> Acc;
+ (fragment, _, Acc) -> Acc;
+ (_, _, _) -> false
+ end,
+ maps:fold(Fun, true, Map).
+
+
+starts_with_two_slash([$/,$/|_]) ->
+ true;
+starts_with_two_slash(?STRING_REST("//", _)) ->
+ true;
+starts_with_two_slash(_) -> false.
+
+
+update_scheme(#{scheme := Scheme}, _) ->
+ add_colon_postfix(encode_scheme(Scheme));
+update_scheme(#{}, _) ->
+ empty.
+
+
+update_userinfo(#{userinfo := Userinfo}, empty) ->
+ add_auth_prefix(encode_userinfo(Userinfo));
+update_userinfo(#{userinfo := Userinfo}, URI) ->
+ concat(URI,add_auth_prefix(encode_userinfo(Userinfo)));
+update_userinfo(#{}, empty) ->
+ empty;
+update_userinfo(#{}, URI) ->
+ URI.
+
+
+update_host(#{host := Host}, empty) ->
+ add_auth_prefix(encode_host(Host));
+update_host(#{host := Host} = Map, URI) ->
+ concat(URI,add_host_prefix(Map, encode_host(Host)));
+update_host(#{}, empty) ->
+ empty;
+update_host(#{}, URI) ->
+ URI.
+
+
+%% URI cannot be empty for ports. E.g. ":8080" is not a valid URI
+update_port(#{port := undefined}, URI) ->
+ concat(URI, <<":">>);
+update_port(#{port := Port}, URI) ->
+ concat(URI,add_colon(encode_port(Port)));
+update_port(#{}, URI) ->
+ URI.
+
+
+update_path(#{path := Path}, empty) ->
+ encode_path(Path);
+update_path(#{path := Path}, URI) ->
+ concat(URI,encode_path(Path));
+update_path(#{}, empty) ->
+ empty;
+update_path(#{}, URI) ->
+ URI.
+
+
+update_query(#{query := Query}, empty) ->
+ encode_query(Query);
+update_query(#{query := Query}, URI) ->
+ concat(URI,add_question_mark(encode_query(Query)));
+update_query(#{}, empty) ->
+ empty;
+update_query(#{}, URI) ->
+ URI.
+
+
+update_fragment(#{fragment := Fragment}, empty) ->
+ add_hashmark(encode_fragment(Fragment));
+update_fragment(#{fragment := Fragment}, URI) ->
+ concat(URI,add_hashmark(encode_fragment(Fragment)));
+update_fragment(#{}, empty) ->
+ "";
+update_fragment(#{}, URI) ->
+ URI.
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Concatenates its arguments that can be lists and binaries.
+%% The result is a list if at least one of its argument is a list and
+%% binary otherwise.
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+concat(A, B) when is_binary(A), is_binary(B) ->
+ <<A/binary, B/binary>>;
+concat(A, B) when is_binary(A), is_list(B) ->
+ unicode:characters_to_list(A) ++ B;
+concat(A, B) when is_list(A) ->
+ A ++ maybe_to_list(B).
+
+add_hashmark(Comp) when is_binary(Comp) ->
+ <<$#, Comp/binary>>;
+add_hashmark(Comp) when is_list(Comp) ->
+ [$#|Comp].
+
+add_question_mark(Comp) when is_binary(Comp) ->
+ <<$?, Comp/binary>>;
+add_question_mark(Comp) when is_list(Comp) ->
+ [$?|Comp].
+
+add_colon(Comp) when is_binary(Comp) ->
+ <<$:, Comp/binary>>.
+
+add_colon_postfix(Comp) when is_binary(Comp) ->
+ <<Comp/binary,$:>>;
+add_colon_postfix(Comp) when is_list(Comp) ->
+ Comp ++ ":".
+
+add_auth_prefix(Comp) when is_binary(Comp) ->
+ <<"//", Comp/binary>>;
+add_auth_prefix(Comp) when is_list(Comp) ->
+ [$/,$/|Comp].
+
+add_host_prefix(#{userinfo := _}, Host) when is_binary(Host) ->
+ <<$@,Host/binary>>;
+add_host_prefix(#{}, Host) when is_binary(Host) ->
+ <<"//",Host/binary>>;
+add_host_prefix(#{userinfo := _}, Host) when is_list(Host) ->
+ [$@|Host];
+add_host_prefix(#{}, Host) when is_list(Host) ->
+ [$/,$/|Host].
+
+maybe_to_list(Comp) when is_binary(Comp) -> unicode:characters_to_list(Comp);
+maybe_to_list(Comp) -> Comp.
+
+encode_port(Port) ->
+ integer_to_binary(Port).
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Helper functions for transcode
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% uri_string:transcode(<<"x%00%00%00%F6"/utf32>>).
+%% 1. Convert (transcode/2) input to list form (list of unicode codepoints)
+%% "x%00%00%00%F6"
+%% 2. Accumulate characters until percent-encoded segment (transcode/4).
+%% Acc = "x"
+%% 3. Convert percent-encoded triplets to binary form (transcode_pct/4)
+%% <<0,0,0,246>>
+%% 4. Transcode in-encoded binary to out-encoding (utf32 -> utf8):
+%% <<195,182>>
+%% 5. Percent-encode out-encoded binary:
+%% <<"%C3%B6"/utf8>> = <<37,67,51,37,66,54>>
+%% 6. Convert binary to list form, reverse it and append the accumulator
+%% "6B%3C%" + "x"
+%% 7. Reverse Acc and return it
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+transcode([$%,_C0,_C1|_Rest] = L, Acc, InEnc, OutEnc) ->
+ transcode_pct(L, Acc, <<>>, InEnc, OutEnc);
+transcode([_C|_Rest] = L, Acc, InEnc, OutEnc) ->
+ transcode(L, Acc, [], InEnc, OutEnc).
+%%
+transcode([$%,_C0,_C1|_Rest] = L, Acc, List, InEncoding, OutEncoding) ->
+ transcode_pct(L, List ++ Acc, <<>>, InEncoding, OutEncoding);
+transcode([C|Rest], Acc, List, InEncoding, OutEncoding) ->
+ transcode(Rest, Acc, [C|List], InEncoding, OutEncoding);
+transcode([], Acc, List, _InEncoding, _OutEncoding) ->
+ lists:reverse(List ++ Acc).
+
+
+%% Transcode percent-encoded segment
+transcode_pct([$%,C0,C1|Rest] = L, Acc, B, InEncoding, OutEncoding) ->
+ case is_hex_digit(C0) andalso is_hex_digit(C1) of
+ true ->
+ Int = ?HEX2DEC(C0)*16+?HEX2DEC(C1),
+ transcode_pct(Rest, Acc, <<B/binary, Int>>, InEncoding, OutEncoding);
+ false -> throw({error, invalid_percent_encoding,L})
+ end;
+transcode_pct([_C|_Rest] = L, Acc, B, InEncoding, OutEncoding) ->
+ OutBinary = convert_to_binary(B, InEncoding, OutEncoding),
+ PctEncUtf8 = percent_encode_segment(OutBinary),
+ Out = lists:reverse(convert_to_list(PctEncUtf8, utf8)),
+ transcode(L, Out ++ Acc, [], InEncoding, OutEncoding);
+transcode_pct([], Acc, B, InEncoding, OutEncoding) ->
+ OutBinary = convert_to_binary(B, InEncoding, OutEncoding),
+ PctEncUtf8 = percent_encode_segment(OutBinary),
+ Out = convert_to_list(PctEncUtf8, utf8),
+ lists:reverse(Acc) ++ Out.
+
+
+%% Convert to binary
+convert_to_binary(Binary, InEncoding, OutEncoding) ->
+ case unicode:characters_to_binary(Binary, InEncoding, OutEncoding) of
+ {error, _List, RestData} ->
+ throw({error, invalid_input, RestData});
+ {incomplete, _List, RestData} ->
+ throw({error, invalid_input, RestData});
+ Result ->
+ Result
+ end.
+
+
+%% Convert to list
+convert_to_list(Binary, InEncoding) ->
+ case unicode:characters_to_list(Binary, InEncoding) of
+ {error, _List, RestData} ->
+ throw({error, invalid_input, RestData});
+ {incomplete, _List, RestData} ->
+ throw({error, invalid_input, RestData});
+ Result ->
+ Result
+ end.
+
+
+%% Flatten input list
+flatten_list([], _) ->
+ [];
+flatten_list(L, InEnc) ->
+ flatten_list(L, InEnc, []).
+%%
+flatten_list([H|T], InEnc, Acc) when is_binary(H) ->
+ L = convert_to_list(H, InEnc),
+ flatten_list(T, InEnc, lists:reverse(L) ++ Acc);
+flatten_list([H|T], InEnc, Acc) when is_list(H) ->
+ flatten_list(H ++ T, InEnc, Acc);
+flatten_list([H|T], InEnc, Acc) ->
+ flatten_list(T, InEnc, [H|Acc]);
+flatten_list([], _InEnc, Acc) ->
+ lists:reverse(Acc);
+flatten_list(Arg, _, _) ->
+ throw({error, invalid_input, Arg}).
+
+
+percent_encode_segment(Segment) ->
+ percent_encode_binary(Segment, <<>>).
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Helper functions for compose_query
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%% Returns separator to be used between key-value pairs
+get_separator(L) when length(L) =:= 0 ->
+ <<>>;
+get_separator(_L) ->
+ <<"&">>.
+
+
+%% HTML 5.2 - 4.10.21.6 URL-encoded form data - WHATWG URL (10 Jan 2018) - UTF-8
+%% HTML 5.0 - 4.10.22.6 URL-encoded form data - encoding (non UTF-8)
+form_urlencode(Cs, [{encoding, latin1}]) when is_list(Cs) ->
+ B = convert_to_binary(Cs, utf8, utf8),
+ html5_byte_encode(base10_encode(B));
+form_urlencode(Cs, [{encoding, latin1}]) when is_binary(Cs) ->
+ html5_byte_encode(base10_encode(Cs));
+form_urlencode(Cs, [{encoding, Encoding}])
+ when is_list(Cs), Encoding =:= utf8; Encoding =:= unicode ->
+ B = convert_to_binary(Cs, utf8, Encoding),
+ html5_byte_encode(B);
+form_urlencode(Cs, [{encoding, Encoding}])
+ when is_binary(Cs), Encoding =:= utf8; Encoding =:= unicode ->
+ html5_byte_encode(Cs);
+form_urlencode(Cs, [{encoding, Encoding}]) when is_list(Cs); is_binary(Cs) ->
+ throw({error,invalid_encoding, Encoding});
+form_urlencode(Cs, _) ->
+ throw({error,invalid_input, Cs}).
+
+
+%% For each character in the entry's name and value that cannot be expressed using
+%% the selected character encoding, replace the character by a string consisting of
+%% a U+0026 AMPERSAND character (&), a "#" (U+0023) character, one or more ASCII
+%% digits representing the Unicode code point of the character in base ten, and
+%% finally a ";" (U+003B) character.
+base10_encode(Cs) ->
+ base10_encode(Cs, <<>>).
+%%
+base10_encode(<<>>, Acc) ->
+ Acc;
+base10_encode(<<H/utf8,T/binary>>, Acc) when H > 255 ->
+ Base10 = convert_to_binary(integer_to_list(H,10), utf8, utf8),
+ base10_encode(T, <<Acc/binary,"&#",Base10/binary,$;>>);
+base10_encode(<<H/utf8,T/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ base10_encode(T, <<Acc/binary,H>>).
+
+
+html5_byte_encode(B) ->
+ html5_byte_encode(B, <<>>).
+%%
+html5_byte_encode(<<>>, Acc) ->
+ Acc;
+html5_byte_encode(<<$ ,T/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ html5_byte_encode(T, <<Acc/binary,$+>>);
+html5_byte_encode(<<H,T/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ case is_url_char(H) of
+ true ->
+ html5_byte_encode(T, <<Acc/binary,H>>);
+ false ->
+ <<A:4,B:4>> = <<H>>,
+ html5_byte_encode(T, <<Acc/binary,$%,(?DEC2HEX(A)),(?DEC2HEX(B))>>)
+ end;
+html5_byte_encode(H, _Acc) ->
+ throw({error,invalid_input, H}).
+
+
+%% Return true if input char can appear in form-urlencoded string
+%% Allowed chararacters:
+%% 0x2A, 0x2D, 0x2E, 0x30 to 0x39, 0x41 to 0x5A,
+%% 0x5F, 0x61 to 0x7A
+is_url_char(C)
+ when C =:= 16#2A; C =:= 16#2D;
+ C =:= 16#2E; C =:= 16#5F;
+ 16#30 =< C, C =< 16#39;
+ 16#41 =< C, C =< 16#5A;
+ 16#61 =< C, C =< 16#7A -> true;
+is_url_char(_) -> false.
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Helper functions for dissect_query
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+dissect_query_key(<<$=,T/binary>>, IsList, Acc, Key, Value) ->
+ dissect_query_value(T, IsList, Acc, Key, Value);
+dissect_query_key(<<"&#",T/binary>>, IsList, Acc, Key, Value) ->
+ dissect_query_key(T, IsList, Acc, <<Key/binary,"&#">>, Value);
+dissect_query_key(<<$&,_T/binary>>, _IsList, _Acc, _Key, _Value) ->
+ throw({error, missing_value, "&"});
+dissect_query_key(<<H,T/binary>>, IsList, Acc, Key, Value) ->
+ dissect_query_key(T, IsList, Acc, <<Key/binary,H>>, Value);
+dissect_query_key(B, _, _, _, _) ->
+ throw({error, missing_value, B}).
+
+
+dissect_query_value(<<$&,T/binary>>, IsList, Acc, Key, Value) ->
+ K = form_urldecode(IsList, Key),
+ V = form_urldecode(IsList, Value),
+ dissect_query_key(T, IsList, [{K,V}|Acc], <<>>, <<>>);
+dissect_query_value(<<H,T/binary>>, IsList, Acc, Key, Value) ->
+ dissect_query_value(T, IsList, Acc, Key, <<Value/binary,H>>);
+dissect_query_value(<<>>, IsList, Acc, Key, Value) ->
+ K = form_urldecode(IsList, Key),
+ V = form_urldecode(IsList, Value),
+ lists:reverse([{K,V}|Acc]).
+
+
+%% HTML 5.2 - 4.10.21.6 URL-encoded form data - WHATWG URL (10 Jan 2018) - UTF-8
+%% HTML 5.0 - 4.10.22.6 URL-encoded form data - decoding (non UTF-8)
+form_urldecode(true, B) ->
+ Result = base10_decode(form_urldecode(B, <<>>)),
+ convert_to_list(Result, utf8);
+form_urldecode(false, B) ->
+ base10_decode(form_urldecode(B, <<>>));
+form_urldecode(<<>>, Acc) ->
+ Acc;
+form_urldecode(<<$+,T/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ form_urldecode(T, <<Acc/binary,$ >>);
+form_urldecode(<<$%,C0,C1,T/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ case is_hex_digit(C0) andalso is_hex_digit(C1) of
+ true ->
+ V = ?HEX2DEC(C0)*16+?HEX2DEC(C1),
+ form_urldecode(T, <<Acc/binary, V>>);
+ false ->
+ L = convert_to_list(<<$%,C0,C1,T/binary>>, utf8),
+ throw({error, invalid_percent_encoding, L})
+ end;
+form_urldecode(<<H/utf8,T/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ form_urldecode(T, <<Acc/binary,H/utf8>>);
+form_urldecode(<<H,_/binary>>, _Acc) ->
+ throw({error, invalid_character, [H]}).
+
+base10_decode(Cs) ->
+ base10_decode(Cs, <<>>).
+%
+base10_decode(<<>>, Acc) ->
+ Acc;
+base10_decode(<<"&#",T/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ base10_decode_unicode(T, Acc);
+base10_decode(<<H/utf8,T/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ base10_decode(T,<<Acc/binary,H/utf8>>);
+base10_decode(<<H,_/binary>>, _) ->
+ throw({error, invalid_input, [H]}).
+
+
+base10_decode_unicode(B, Acc) ->
+ base10_decode_unicode(B, 0, Acc).
+%%
+base10_decode_unicode(<<H/utf8,T/binary>>, Codepoint, Acc) when $0 =< H, H =< $9 ->
+ Res = Codepoint * 10 + (H - $0),
+ base10_decode_unicode(T, Res, Acc);
+base10_decode_unicode(<<$;,T/binary>>, Codepoint, Acc) ->
+ base10_decode(T, <<Acc/binary,Codepoint/utf8>>);
+base10_decode_unicode(<<H,_/binary>>, _, _) ->
+ throw({error, invalid_input, [H]}).
+
+
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Helper functions for normalize
+%%-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+normalize_map(URIMap) ->
+ normalize_path_segment(
+ normalize_scheme_based(
+ normalize_percent_encoding(
+ normalize_case(URIMap)))).
+
+
+%% 6.2.2.1. Case Normalization
+normalize_case(#{scheme := Scheme, host := Host} = Map) ->
+ Map#{scheme => to_lower(Scheme),
+ host => to_lower(Host)};
+normalize_case(#{host := Host} = Map) ->
+ Map#{host => to_lower(Host)};
+normalize_case(#{scheme := Scheme} = Map) ->
+ Map#{scheme => to_lower(Scheme)};
+normalize_case(#{} = Map) ->
+ Map.
+
+
+%% 6.2.2.2. Percent-Encoding Normalization
+normalize_percent_encoding(Map) ->
+ Fun = fun (K,V) when K =:= userinfo; K =:= host; K =:= path;
+ K =:= query; K =:= fragment ->
+ decode(V);
+ %% Handle port and scheme
+ (_,V) ->
+ V
+ end,
+ maps:map(Fun, Map).
+
+
+to_lower(Cs) when is_list(Cs) ->
+ B = convert_to_binary(Cs, utf8, utf8),
+ convert_to_list(to_lower(B), utf8);
+to_lower(Cs) when is_binary(Cs) ->
+ to_lower(Cs, <<>>).
+%%
+to_lower(<<C,Cs/binary>>, Acc) when $A =< C, C =< $Z ->
+ to_lower(Cs, <<Acc/binary,(C + 32)>>);
+to_lower(<<C,Cs/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ to_lower(Cs, <<Acc/binary,C>>);
+to_lower(<<>>, Acc) ->
+ Acc.
+
+
+%% 6.2.2.3. Path Segment Normalization
+%% 5.2.4. Remove Dot Segments
+normalize_path_segment(Map) ->
+ Path = maps:get(path, Map, undefined),
+ Map#{path => remove_dot_segments(Path)}.
+
+
+remove_dot_segments(Path) when is_binary(Path) ->
+ remove_dot_segments(Path, <<>>);
+remove_dot_segments(Path) when is_list(Path) ->
+ B = convert_to_binary(Path, utf8, utf8),
+ B1 = remove_dot_segments(B, <<>>),
+ convert_to_list(B1, utf8).
+%%
+remove_dot_segments(<<>>, Output) ->
+ Output;
+remove_dot_segments(<<"../",T/binary>>, Output) ->
+ remove_dot_segments(T, Output);
+remove_dot_segments(<<"./",T/binary>>, Output) ->
+ remove_dot_segments(T, Output);
+remove_dot_segments(<<"/./",T/binary>>, Output) ->
+ remove_dot_segments(<<$/,T/binary>>, Output);
+remove_dot_segments(<<"/.">>, Output) ->
+ remove_dot_segments(<<$/>>, Output);
+remove_dot_segments(<<"/../",T/binary>>, Output) ->
+ Out1 = remove_last_segment(Output),
+ remove_dot_segments(<<$/,T/binary>>, Out1);
+remove_dot_segments(<<"/..">>, Output) ->
+ Out1 = remove_last_segment(Output),
+ remove_dot_segments(<<$/>>, Out1);
+remove_dot_segments(<<$.>>, Output) ->
+ remove_dot_segments(<<>>, Output);
+remove_dot_segments(<<"..">>, Output) ->
+ remove_dot_segments(<<>>, Output);
+remove_dot_segments(Input, Output) ->
+ {First, Rest} = first_path_segment(Input),
+ remove_dot_segments(Rest, <<Output/binary,First/binary>>).
+
+
+first_path_segment(Input) ->
+ F = first_path_segment(Input, <<>>),
+ split_binary(Input, byte_size(F)).
+%%
+first_path_segment(<<$/,T/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ first_path_segment_end(<<T/binary>>, <<Acc/binary,$/>>);
+first_path_segment(<<C,T/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ first_path_segment_end(<<T/binary>>, <<Acc/binary,C>>).
+
+
+first_path_segment_end(<<>>, Acc) ->
+ Acc;
+first_path_segment_end(<<$/,_/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ Acc;
+first_path_segment_end(<<C,T/binary>>, Acc) ->
+ first_path_segment_end(<<T/binary>>, <<Acc/binary,C>>).
+
+
+remove_last_segment(<<>>) ->
+ <<>>;
+remove_last_segment(B) ->
+ {Init, Last} = split_binary(B, byte_size(B) - 1),
+ case Last of
+ <<$/>> ->
+ Init;
+ _Char ->
+ remove_last_segment(Init)
+ end.
+
+
+%% RFC 3986, 6.2.3. Scheme-Based Normalization
+normalize_scheme_based(Map) ->
+ Scheme = maps:get(scheme, Map, undefined),
+ Port = maps:get(port, Map, undefined),
+ Path= maps:get(path, Map, undefined),
+ normalize_scheme_based(Map, Scheme, Port, Path).
+%%
+normalize_scheme_based(Map, Scheme, Port, Path)
+ when Scheme =:= "http"; Scheme =:= <<"http">> ->
+ normalize_http(Map, Port, Path);
+normalize_scheme_based(Map, Scheme, Port, Path)
+ when Scheme =:= "https"; Scheme =:= <<"https">> ->
+ normalize_https(Map, Port, Path);
+normalize_scheme_based(Map, Scheme, Port, _Path)
+ when Scheme =:= "ftp"; Scheme =:= <<"ftp">> ->
+ normalize_ftp(Map, Port);
+normalize_scheme_based(Map, Scheme, Port, _Path)
+ when Scheme =:= "ssh"; Scheme =:= <<"ssh">> ->
+ normalize_ssh_sftp(Map, Port);
+normalize_scheme_based(Map, Scheme, Port, _Path)
+ when Scheme =:= "sftp"; Scheme =:= <<"sftp">> ->
+ normalize_ssh_sftp(Map, Port);
+normalize_scheme_based(Map, Scheme, Port, _Path)
+ when Scheme =:= "tftp"; Scheme =:= <<"tftp">> ->
+ normalize_tftp(Map, Port);
+normalize_scheme_based(Map, _, _, _) ->
+ Map.
+
+
+normalize_http(Map, Port, Path) ->
+ M1 = normalize_port(Map, Port, 80),
+ normalize_http_path(M1, Path).
+
+
+normalize_https(Map, Port, Path) ->
+ M1 = normalize_port(Map, Port, 443),
+ normalize_http_path(M1, Path).
+
+
+normalize_ftp(Map, Port) ->
+ normalize_port(Map, Port, 21).
+
+
+normalize_ssh_sftp(Map, Port) ->
+ normalize_port(Map, Port, 22).
+
+
+normalize_tftp(Map, Port) ->
+ normalize_port(Map, Port, 69).
+
+
+normalize_port(Map, Port, Default) ->
+ case Port of
+ Default ->
+ maps:remove(port, Map);
+ _Else ->
+ Map
+ end.
+
+
+normalize_http_path(Map, Path) ->
+ case Path of
+ "" ->
+ Map#{path => "/"};
+ <<>> ->
+ Map#{path => <<"/">>};
+ _Else ->
+ Map
+ end.
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.25.1) at 2024-11-21 16:15:09 +0000