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Communication between Erlang processes has conceptually always been
performed through asynchronous signaling. The runtime system
implementation has however previously preformed most operation
synchronously. In a system with only one true thread of execution, this
is not problematic (often the opposite). In a system with multiple threads
of execution (as current runtime system implementation with SMP support)
it becomes problematic. This since it often involves locking of structures
when updating them which in turn cause resource contention. Utilizing
true asynchronous communication often avoids these resource contention
issues.
The case that triggered this change was contention on the link lock due
to frequent updates of the monitor trees during communication with a
frequently used server. The signal order delivery guarantees of the
language makes it hard to change the implementation of only some signals
to use true asynchronous signaling. Therefore the implementations
of (almost) all signals have been changed.
Currently the following signals have been implemented as true
asynchronous signals:
- Message signals
- Exit signals
- Monitor signals
- Demonitor signals
- Monitor triggered signals (DOWN, CHANGE, etc)
- Link signals
- Unlink signals
- Group leader signals
All of the above already defined as asynchronous signals in the
language. The implementation of messages signals was quite
asynchronous to begin with, but had quite strict delivery constraints
due to the ordering guarantees of signals between a pair of processes.
The previously used message queue partitioned into two halves has been
replaced by a more general signal queue partitioned into three parts
that service all kinds of signals. More details regarding the signal
queue can be found in comments in the erl_proc_sig_queue.h file.
The monitor and link implementations have also been completely replaced
in order to fit the new asynchronous signaling implementation as good
as possible. More details regarding the new monitor and link
implementations can be found in the erl_monitor_link.h file.
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This refactor was done using the unifdef tool like this:
for file in $(find erts/ -name *.[ch]); do unifdef -t -f defile -o $file $file; done
where defile contained:
#define ERTS_SMP 1
#define USE_THREADS 1
#define DDLL_SMP 1
#define ERTS_HAVE_SMP_EMU 1
#define SMP 1
#define ERL_BITS_REENTRANT 1
#define ERTS_USE_ASYNC_READY_Q 1
#define FDBLOCK 1
#undef ERTS_POLL_NEED_ASYNC_INTERRUPT_SUPPORT
#define ERTS_POLL_ASYNC_INTERRUPT_SUPPORT 0
#define ERTS_POLL_USE_WAKEUP_PIPE 1
#define ERTS_POLL_USE_UPDATE_REQUESTS_QUEUE 1
#undef ERTS_HAVE_PLAIN_EMU
#undef ERTS_SIGNAL_STATE
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erts: Make erts_schedule_proc2port_signal static
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Instead of passing around a file descriptor
use a function pointer to facilitate more advanced
backend write logic such as size limitation or compression.
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* erlang:monitor/2 with port argument is added, erlang:demonitor, using port task API and avoiding locking;
* port_info and process_info support for monitored ports (with named port monitors support);
* Exit signals contain type 'process' or 'port';
* Propagation of port exit signals;
* Self-cleaning when origin process dies with monitor on;
* 8 test cases + testcase for port driver crashing;
* Documentation for all of the above (monitor, demonitor, port_info and process_info) updated
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- Termination of a process...
- Modify trace flags of process...
- Process info on process...
- Register/unregister of name on process...
- Set group leader on process...
... while it is executing a dirty NIF.
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This commit completes the tracing for processes so that
all messages sent by a process (via nifs or otherwise) will
be traced.
The commit also adds tracing of all types of events from ports.
When enabling tracing using erlang:trace, the 'all' flag now also
enables tracing on all ports.
OTP-13496
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* henrik/update-copyrightyear:
update copyright-year
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* lukas/erts/enif_trace_functions/OTP-13442:
erts: Fix bug in enif_send
erts: Fix windows nif port tests
erts: Fix bug in enif_term_to_binary
erts: Remove printout when dec_term fails in DEBUG
erts: Polish erl_nif docs
erts: Improve enif_binary_to_term
erts: Add enif_port_command
erts: Add enif_term_to_binary and enif_binary_to_term
erts: Add enif_is_process/port_alive
erts: Add enif_cpu/now_time and enif_make_unique_integer
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Instead of forking from the beam process, we create a separate
process in which all forks are done. This has several advantages:
1) performance:
* don't have to close all fd's in the world
* fork only has to copy stuff from a small process
* work is done in a completely seperate process
* a 3x performance increase has been measured,
can be made even greater (10x) if we cache the
environment in child setup
2) stability
* the exec is done in another process than beam, which means that
if the file that we exec to is on an nfs that is not available
right now we will not block a scheduler until the nfs returns.
3) simplicity
* don't have to deal with SIGCHLD in the erts
Unfortunately, this solution also implies some badness.
1) There will always be a seperate process running together with
beam on unix. This could be confusing and undesirable.
2) We have to transfer the entire environment to child_setup
for each command.
OTP-13088
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OTP-13086
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rickard/r16/port-optimizations/OTP-10336
* rickard/port-optimizations/OTP-10336:
Change annotate level for emacs-22 in cerl
Update etp-commands
Add documentation on communication in Erlang
Add support for busy port message queue
Add driver callback epilogue
Implement true asynchronous signaling between processes and ports
Add erl_drv_[send|output]_term
Move busy port flag
Use rwlock for driver list
Optimize management of port tasks
Improve configuration of process and port tables
Remove R9 compatibility features
Use ptab functionality also for ports
Prepare for use of ptab functionality also for ports
Atomic port state
Generalize process table implementation
Implement functionality for delaying thread progress from unmanaged threads
Conflicts:
erts/doc/src/erl_driver.xml
erts/doc/src/erlang.xml
erts/emulator/beam/beam_bif_load.c
erts/emulator/beam/beam_bp.c
erts/emulator/beam/beam_emu.c
erts/emulator/beam/bif.c
erts/emulator/beam/copy.c
erts/emulator/beam/erl_alloc.c
erts/emulator/beam/erl_alloc.types
erts/emulator/beam/erl_bif_info.c
erts/emulator/beam/erl_bif_port.c
erts/emulator/beam/erl_bif_trace.c
erts/emulator/beam/erl_init.c
erts/emulator/beam/erl_message.c
erts/emulator/beam/erl_port_task.c
erts/emulator/beam/erl_process.c
erts/emulator/beam/erl_process.h
erts/emulator/beam/erl_process_lock.c
erts/emulator/beam/erl_trace.c
erts/emulator/beam/export.h
erts/emulator/beam/global.h
erts/emulator/beam/io.c
erts/emulator/sys/unix/sys.c
erts/emulator/sys/vxworks/sys.c
erts/emulator/test/port_SUITE.erl
erts/etc/unix/cerl.src
erts/preloaded/ebin/erlang.beam
erts/preloaded/ebin/prim_inet.beam
erts/preloaded/src/prim_inet.erl
lib/hipe/cerl/erl_bif_types.erl
lib/kernel/doc/src/inet.xml
lib/kernel/src/inet.erl
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