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Background
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In record fields with a type declaration but without an initializer, the
Erlang parser inserted automatically the singleton type 'undefined' to
the list of declared types, if that value was not present there.
I.e. the record declaration:
-record(rec, {f1 :: float(),
f2 = 42 :: integer(),
f3 :: some_mod:some_typ()}).
was translated by the parser to:
-record(rec, {f1 :: float() | 'undefined',
f2 = 42 :: integer(),
f3 :: some_mod:some_typ() | 'undefined'}).
The rationale for this was that creation of a "dummy" #rec{} record
should not result in a warning from dialyzer that e.g. the implicit
initialization of the #rec.f1 field violates its type declaration.
Problems
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This seemingly innocent action has some unforeseen consequences.
For starters, there is no way for programmers to declare that e.g. only
floats make sense for the f1 field of #rec{} records when there is no
`obvious' default initializer for this field. (This also affects tools
like PropEr that use these declarations produced by the Erlang parser to
generate random instances of records for testing purposes.)
It also means that dialyzer does not warn if e.g. an is_atom/1 test or
something more exotic like an atom_to_list/1 call is performed on the
value of the f1 field.
Similarly, there is no way to extend dialyzer to warn if it finds record
constructions where f1 is not initialized to some float.
Last but not least, it is semantically problematic when the type of the
field is an opaque type: creating a union of an opaque and a structured
type is very problematic for analysis because it fundamentally breaks
the opacity of the term at that point.
Change
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To solve these problems the parser will not automatically insert the
'undefined' value anymore; instead the user has the option to choose the
places where this value makes sense (for the field) and where it does
not and insert the | 'undefined' there manually.
Consequences of this change
----------------------------
This change means that dialyzer will issue a warning for all places
where records with uninitialized fields are created and those fields have
a declared type that is incompatible with 'undefined' (e.g. float()).
This warning can be suppressed easily by adding | 'undefined' to the
type of this field. This also adds documentation that the user really
intends to create records where this field is uninitialized.
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* sverk/erts/doc-review:
erts: Spell-check erlang.xml
erts: Review newer additions to erlang.xml
erts: Review module erlang docs
erts: Update module erlang docs
erts: Review time correction docs
erts: Update erts time correction docs
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* essen/missing-behavior-absform:
Add missing behavior/behaviours to absform docs
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Trying to adopt same style as done by xsipewe in e17e236cd1661bc
for later additions.
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Rebased 6ac77046b05cd3cb7b117 on OTP-18.1
Conflicts:
erts/doc/src/erlang.xml
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Conflicts:
OTP_VERSION
erts/doc/src/notes.xml
erts/vsn.mk
lib/debugger/doc/src/notes.xml
lib/debugger/vsn.mk
otp_versions.table
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* c-rack/fix-list_to_bitstring-example:
Typos in documentation example of list_to_bitstring/1
OTP-13017
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Another process may already have been placed in this slot
since the free och the process struct can be scheduled for
later.
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=== OTP-18.1 ===
Changed Applications:
- compiler-6.0.1
- crypto-3.6.1
- debugger-4.1.1
- dialyzer-2.8.1
- diameter-1.11
- erts-7.1
- eunit-2.2.11
- hipe-3.13
- inets-6.0.1
- kernel-4.1
- mnesia-4.13.1
- odbc-2.11.1
- public_key-1.0.1
- sasl-2.6
- ssh-4.1
- ssl-7.1
- stdlib-2.6
- tools-2.8.1
- wx-1.5
Unchanged Applications:
- asn1-4.0
- common_test-1.11
- cosEvent-2.2
- cosEventDomain-1.2
- cosFileTransfer-1.2
- cosNotification-1.2
- cosProperty-1.2
- cosTime-1.2
- cosTransactions-1.3
- edoc-0.7.17
- eldap-1.2
- erl_docgen-0.4
- erl_interface-3.8
- et-1.5.1
- gs-1.6
- ic-4.4
- jinterface-1.6
- megaco-3.18
- observer-2.1
- orber-3.8
- os_mon-2.4
- ose-1.1
- otp_mibs-1.1
- parsetools-2.1
- percept-0.8.11
- reltool-0.7
- runtime_tools-1.9.1
- snmp-5.2
- syntax_tools-1.7
- test_server-3.9
- typer-0.9.9
- webtool-0.9
- xmerl-1.3.8
Conflicts:
OTP_VERSION
erts/vsn.mk
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* maint:
erts: Make sure to deal with EINTR write failures
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* lukas/erts/ttsl_eintr/OTP-12987:
erts: Make sure to deal with EINTR write failures
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* goertzenator/enif_make_pid-unused_param:
fix unused parameter warning in enif_make_pid
OTP-12989
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* mikpe/erts-binary_to_integer-fix:
erts: fix binary_to_integer boundary case
OTP-12988
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* sverk/inet-packet-ssl_tls-passive:
erts: Fix inet packet mode ssl_tls for passive mode
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* maint:
Add configure switch --disable-saved-compile-time
Fix ethread events with timeout
Improve choice of clock sources at build time
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* rickard/disable-saved-compile-time/OTP-12971:
Add configure switch --disable-saved-compile-time
Conflicts:
HOWTO/INSTALL.md
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* rickard/clock-sources/OTP-12945:
Improve choice of clock sources at build time
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* rickard/event-tmo/OTP-12954:
Fix ethread events with timeout
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* sverk/trace-process_dump-matchstate-17/OTP-12968:
erts: Add testcase for tracing whith 'process_dump'
erts: Fix bug when tracing with 'process_dump'
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Caused stack corruption leading to VM crash on windows.
{packet,ssl_tls} is undocumented by the way.
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Conflicts:
erts/emulator/beam/erl_printf_term.c
erts/emulator/beam/erl_term.c
erts/emulator/beam/utils.c
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of a process with a matchstate on the stack.
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If the process stack contained a match state
the print function would crash the vm as it was not
recognized by tag_val_def().
Add new MATCHSTATE_DEF returned by tag_val_def().
All other callers either ignore it or has a default
clause to handle invalid terms.
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* sverk/hipe-fix-literal-crc:
erts,hipe,dialyzer: Fix hipe checkum of target runtime system
erts: Change THE_NON_VALUE to not be hard coded in hipe compiler
OTP-12962
OTP-12963
OTP-12964
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Main problem:
A faulty HIPE_LITERAL_CRC was not detected by the loader.
Strangeness #1:
Dialyzer should ask the hipe compiler about the target checksum,
not an internal bif.
Strangeness #2:
The HIPE_SYSTEM_CRC checksum was based on the HIPE_LITERALS_CRC
checksum.
Solution:
New HIPE_ERTS_CHECKSUM which is an bxor of the two (now independent)
HIPE_LITERALS_CRC and HIPE_SYSTEM_CRC.
HIPE_LITERALS_CRC represents values that are assumed to stay constant
for different VM configurations of the same arch, and are therefor
hard coded into the hipe compiler.
HIPE_SYSTEM_CRC represents values that may differ between VM variants.
By default the hipe compiler asks the running VM for this checksum,
in order to create beam files for the same running VM.
The hipe compiler can be configured (with "make XCOMP=yes ...") to
create beam files for another VM variant, in which case HIPE_SYSTEM_CRC
is also hard coded.
ToDo:
Treat all erts properties the same. Either ask the running VM or hard
coded into hipe (if XCOMP=yes). This will simplify and reduce the risk
of dangerous mismatches. One concern might be the added overhead
from more frequent calls to hipe_bifs:get_rts_param.
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* sverk/hipe-maps-merge-wrapper:
erts: Fix hipe bug for maps:merge/2
erts: Beautify hipe wrapper macro
OTP-12965
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Add forgotten HIPE_WRAPPER_BIF_DISABLE_GC which
could lead to stack-heap overrun if unlucky with the
yielding during maps:merge when called by native hipe code.
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