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Funs are identified by a triple, <Module,Uniq,Index>, where Module is
the module name, Uniq is a 27 bit hash value of some intermediate
representation of the code for the fun, and index is a small integer.
When a fun is loaded, the triple for the fun will be compared to
previously loaded funs. If all elements in the triple in the newly
loaded fun are the same, the newly loaded fun will replace the previous
fun. The idea is that if Uniq are the same, the code for the fun is also
the same.
The problem is that Uniq is only based on the intermediate representation
of the fun itself. If the fun calls local functions in the same module,
Uniq may remain the same even if the behavior of the fun has been changed.
See
http://erlang.org/pipermail/erlang-bugs/2007-June/000368.htlm
for an example.
As a long-term plan to fix this problem, the NewIndex and NewUniq
fields was added to each fun in the R8 release (where NewUniq is the
MD5 of the BEAM code for the module). Unfortunately, it turns
out that the compiler does not assign unique value to NewIndex (if it
isn't tested, it doesn't work), so we cannot use the
<Module,NewUniq,NewIndex> triple as identification.
It would be possible to use <Module,NewUniq,Index>, but that seems
ugly. Therefore, fix the problem by making Uniq more unique by
taking 27 bits from the MD5 for the BEAM code. That only requires
a change to the compiler.
Also update a test case for cover, which now fails because of the
stronger Uniq calculation. (The comment in test case about why the
Pid2 process survived is not correct.)
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