aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/lib/kernel/src/hipe_unified_loader.erl
blob: 03116758de5afa72cd23420c6ab4ef96bbe24556 (plain) (blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
%% -*- erlang-indent-level: 2 -*-
%% =======================================================================
%%  Filename : 	hipe_unified_loader.erl
%%  Module   :	hipe_unified_loader
%%  Purpose  :  To load code into memory and link it to the system.
%%  Notes    :  See hipe_ext_format.hrl for description of the external 
%%              format.
%% =======================================================================
%% TODO:
%%   Problems with the order in which things are done.
%%   export_funs should atomically patch references to make fe and
%%   make beam stubs. !!
%%
%%   Each function should have two proper databases.
%%   Describe the patch algorithm:
%%     For each function MFA that is (re)compiled to Address:
%%     1.  For the old MFA 
%%         a. RefsTo = MFA->refers_to
%%         b. for each {F,Adr} in RefsTo: remove Adr from F->is_referred
%%         c. RefsFrom = MFA->is_referred
%%         d. For each {Adr,Type} in RefsFrom: 
%%                update instr at Adr to refer to Address instead.
%%     2.  For the new MFA
%%         a. MFA->is_referred=RefsFrom 
%%     3.  For each function F referenced in the code at Offset:
%%                 add {Address+Offset,Type} to F->is_referred
%%                 add {F,Address+Offset} to MFA->refers_to
%%     4.  Make Address the entrypoint for MFA
%%
%%   Add exporting of exported constants.
%%   Add freeing of old code. 
%%   Inline hipe_sparc_ext_format somehow.
%% =======================================================================

-module(hipe_unified_loader).

-compile(no_native).
% 'no_native' is a workaround to avoid "The code server called unloaded module"
% caused by Mod:module_info(exports) in patch_to_emu_step1() called by post_beam_load.
% Reproducable with hipelibs and asn1_SUITE.
% I think the real solution would be to let BIF erlang:load_module/2 redirect all
% hipe calls to the module and thereby remove post_beam_load.

% SVERK: Can we remove -compile(no_native) now when post_beam_load is gone?

-export([chunk_name/1,
	 %% Only the code and code_server modules may call the entries below!
	 load_native_code/3,
	 load_module/4,
	 load/3]).

%%-define(DEBUG,true).
-define(DO_ASSERT,true).
-define(HIPE_LOGGING,true).

-include("../../hipe/main/hipe.hrl").
-include("hipe_ext_format.hrl").

%% Currently, there is no need to expose these to the outside world.
-define(HS8P_TAG,"HS8P").
-define(HPPC_TAG,"HPPC").
-define(HP64_TAG,"HP64").
-define(HARM_TAG,"HARM").
-define(HX86_TAG,"HX86").
-define(HA64_TAG,"HA64").

%%========================================================================

-spec chunk_name(hipe_architecture()) -> string().
%% @doc
%%    Returns the native code chunk name of the Architecture.
%%    (On which presumably we are running.)

chunk_name(Architecture) ->
  case Architecture of
    amd64 ->      ?HA64_TAG; %% HiPE, x86_64, (implicit: 64-bit, Unix)
    arm ->	  ?HARM_TAG; %% HiPE, arm, v5 (implicit: 32-bit, Linux)
    powerpc ->    ?HPPC_TAG; %% HiPE, PowerPC (implicit: 32-bit, Linux)
    ppc64 ->	  ?HP64_TAG; %% HiPE, ppc64 (implicit: 64-bit, Linux)
    ultrasparc -> ?HS8P_TAG; %% HiPE, SPARC, V8+ (implicit: 32-bit)
    x86 ->        ?HX86_TAG  %% HiPE, x86, (implicit: Unix)
    %% Future:     HSV9      %% HiPE, SPARC, V9 (implicit: 64-bit)
    %%             HW32      %% HiPE, x86, Win32 
  end.

word_size(Architecture) ->
  case Architecture of
    amd64 -> 8;
    ppc64 -> 8;
    _ -> 4
  end.

%%========================================================================

-spec load_native_code(Mod, binary(), hipe_architecture()) ->
                          'no_native' | {'module', Mod} when Mod :: atom().
%% @doc
%%    Loads the native code of a module Mod.
%%    Returns {module,Mod} on success (for compatibility with
%%    code:load_file/1) and the atom `no_native' on failure.

load_native_code(_Mod, _Bin, undefined) ->
  no_native;
load_native_code(Mod, Bin, Architecture) when is_atom(Mod), is_binary(Bin) ->
  case code:get_chunk(Bin, chunk_name(Architecture)) of
    undefined -> no_native;
    NativeCode when is_binary(NativeCode) ->
      erlang:system_flag(multi_scheduling, block_normal),
      try
        put(hipe_patch_closures, false),
        case load_common(Mod, NativeCode, Bin, Architecture) of
          bad_crc -> no_native;
          Result -> Result
        end
      after
        erlang:system_flag(multi_scheduling, unblock_normal)
      end
  end.

%%========================================================================

version_check(Version, Mod) when is_atom(Mod) ->
  Ver = ?VERSION_STRING(),
  case Version < Ver of
    true -> 
      ?msg("WARNING: Module ~w was compiled with HiPE version ~s\n",
	   [Mod, Version]);
    _ -> ok
  end.

%%========================================================================

-spec load_module(Mod, binary(), _, hipe_architecture()) ->
                     'bad_crc' | {'module', Mod} when Mod :: atom().

load_module(Mod, Bin, Beam, Architecture) ->
  erlang:system_flag(multi_scheduling, block_normal),
  try
    put(hipe_patch_closures, false),
    load_common(Mod, Bin, Beam, Architecture)
  after
    erlang:system_flag(multi_scheduling, unblock_normal)
  end.


%%========================================================================

-spec load(Mod, binary(), hipe_architecture()) ->
              'bad_crc' | {'module', Mod} when Mod :: atom().

load(Mod, Bin, Architecture) ->
  erlang:system_flag(multi_scheduling, block_normal),
  try
    ?debug_msg("********* Loading funs in module ~w *********\n",[Mod]),
    %% Loading just some functions in a module; patch closures separately.
    put(hipe_patch_closures, true),
    load_common(Mod, Bin, [], Architecture)
  after
    erlang:system_flag(multi_scheduling, unblock_normal)
  end.

%%------------------------------------------------------------------------

load_common(Mod, Bin, Beam, Architecture) ->
  %% Unpack the binary.
  [{Version, CheckSum},
   ConstAlign, ConstSize, ConstMap, LabelMap, ExportMap,
   CodeSize,  CodeBinary,  Refs,
   0,[] % ColdSize, CRrefs
  ] = binary_to_term(Bin),
  MD5 = erlang:md5(Bin), % use md5 of actual running code for module_info
  ?debug_msg("***** ErLLVM *****~nVersion: ~s~nCheckSum: ~w~nConstAlign: ~w~n" ++
    "ConstSize: ~w~nConstMap: ~w~nLabelMap: ~w~nExportMap ~w~nRefs ~w~n",
    [Version, CheckSum, ConstAlign, ConstSize, ConstMap, LabelMap, ExportMap,
      Refs]),
  %% Write HiPE binary code to a file in the current directory in order to
  %% debug by disassembling.
  %% file:write_file("erl.o", CodeBinary, [binary]),
  %% Check that we are loading up-to-date code.
  version_check(Version, Mod),
  case hipe_bifs:check_crc(CheckSum) of
    false ->
      ?msg("Warning: not loading native code for module ~w: "
	   "it was compiled for an incompatible runtime system; "
	   "please regenerate native code for this runtime system\n", [Mod]),
      bad_crc;
    true ->
      put(closures_to_patch, []),
      WordSize = word_size(Architecture),
      WriteWord = write_word_fun(WordSize),
      LoaderState = hipe_bifs:alloc_loader_state(Mod),
      put(hipe_loader_state, LoaderState),
      %% Create data segment
      {ConstAddr,ConstMap2} =
	create_data_segment(ConstAlign, ConstSize, ConstMap, WriteWord,
			    LoaderState),
      %% Find callees for which we may need trampolines.
      CalleeMFAs = find_callee_mfas(Refs, Architecture),
      %% Write the code to memory.
      {CodeAddress,Trampolines} =
	enter_code(CodeSize, CodeBinary, CalleeMFAs, LoaderState),
      %% Construct CalleeMFA-to-trampoline mapping.
      TrampolineMap = mk_trampoline_map(CalleeMFAs, Trampolines,
                                        Architecture),
      %% Patch references to code labels in data seg.
      ok = patch_consts(LabelMap, ConstAddr, CodeAddress, WriteWord),

      %% Find out which functions are being loaded (and where).
      %% Note: FunDefs are sorted descending address order.
      FunDefs = exports(ExportMap, CodeAddress),

      %% Patch all dynamic references in the code.
      %%  Function calls, Atoms, Constants, System calls

      ok = patch(Refs, CodeAddress, ConstMap2, FunDefs, TrampolineMap),

      %% Tell the system where the loaded funs are. 
      %%  (patches the BEAM code to redirect to native.)
      case Beam of
	[] ->
	  %% This module was previously loaded as BEAM code during system
	  %% start-up before the code server has started (-enable-native-libs
	  %% is active), so we must now patch the pre-existing entries in the
	  %% fun table with the native code addresses for all closures.
	  lists:foreach(fun({FE, DestAddress}) ->
			    hipe_bifs:set_native_address_in_fe(FE, DestAddress)
			end, erase(closures_to_patch)),
          ok = hipe_bifs:commit_patch_load(LoaderState),
	  set_beam_call_traps(FunDefs),
	  ok;
	BeamBinary when is_binary(BeamBinary) ->
	  %% Find all closures in the code.
	  [] = erase(closures_to_patch),	%Clean up, assertion.
	  ClosurePatches = find_closure_patches(Refs),
	  AddressesOfClosuresToPatch =
	    calculate_addresses(ClosurePatches, CodeAddress, FunDefs),
	  export_funs(FunDefs),
	  make_beam_stub(Mod, LoaderState, MD5, BeamBinary, FunDefs,
                         AddressesOfClosuresToPatch)
      end,

      %% Final clean up.
      _ = erase(hipe_loader_state),
      _ = erase(hipe_patch_closures),
      _ = erase(hipe_assert_code_area),
      ?debug_msg("****************Loader Finished****************\n", []),
      {module,Mod}  % for compatibility with code:load_file/1
  end.

%%----------------------------------------------------------------
%% Scan the list of patches and build a set (returned as a tuple)
%% of the callees for which we may need trampolines.
%%
find_callee_mfas(Patches, Architecture) when is_list(Patches) ->
  case needs_trampolines(Architecture) of
    true -> find_callee_mfas(Patches, gb_sets:empty(),
                             no_erts_trampolines(Architecture));
    _ -> []
  end.

needs_trampolines(Architecture) ->
  case Architecture of
    arm -> true;
    powerpc -> true;
    ppc64 -> true;
    _ -> false
  end.

no_erts_trampolines(Architecture) ->
  case Architecture of
    powerpc -> true;
    ppc64 -> true;
    _ -> false
  end.

find_callee_mfas([{Type,Data}|Patches], MFAs, SkipErtsSyms) ->
  NewMFAs =
    case ?EXT2PATCH_TYPE(Type) of
      call_local -> add_callee_mfas(Data, MFAs, SkipErtsSyms);
      call_remote -> add_callee_mfas(Data, MFAs, SkipErtsSyms);
      %% load_address(function) deliberately ignored
      _ -> MFAs
    end,
  find_callee_mfas(Patches, NewMFAs, SkipErtsSyms);
find_callee_mfas([], MFAs, _SkipErtsSyms) ->
  list_to_tuple(gb_sets:to_list(MFAs)).

add_callee_mfas([{DestMFA,_Offsets}|Refs], MFAs, SkipErtsSyms) ->
  NewMFAs =
    case SkipErtsSyms of
      true ->
	%% On PowerPC we put the runtime system below the
	%% 32M boundary, which allows BIFs and primops to
	%% be called with ba/bla instructions. Hence we do
	%% not need trampolines for BIFs or primops.
	case bif_address(DestMFA) of
	  false -> gb_sets:add_element(DestMFA, MFAs);
	  BifAddress when is_integer(BifAddress) -> MFAs
	end;
      false ->
	%% On ARM we also need trampolines for BIFs and primops.
	gb_sets:add_element(DestMFA, MFAs)
    end,
  add_callee_mfas(Refs, NewMFAs, SkipErtsSyms);
add_callee_mfas([], MFAs, _SkipErtsSyms) -> MFAs.

%%----------------------------------------------------------------
%%
mk_trampoline_map([], [], _) -> []; % archs not using trampolines
mk_trampoline_map(CalleeMFAs, Trampolines, Architecture) ->
  SizeofLong = word_size(Architecture),
  mk_trampoline_map(tuple_size(CalleeMFAs), CalleeMFAs,
		    Trampolines, SizeofLong, gb_trees:empty()).

mk_trampoline_map(I, CalleeMFAs, Trampolines, SizeofLong, Map) when I >= 1 ->
  MFA = element(I, CalleeMFAs),
  %% Trampoline = element(I, Trampolines),
  Skip = (I-1)*SizeofLong,
  <<_:Skip/binary-unit:8,
    Trampoline:SizeofLong/integer-unsigned-native-unit:8,
    _/binary>> = Trampolines,
  NewMap = gb_trees:insert(MFA, Trampoline, Map),
  mk_trampoline_map(I-1, CalleeMFAs, Trampolines, SizeofLong, NewMap);
mk_trampoline_map(0, _, _, _, Map) -> Map.

%%----------------------------------------------------------------
%%
trampoline_map_get(_, []) -> []; % archs not using trampolines
trampoline_map_get(MFA, Map) -> gb_trees:get(MFA, Map).

trampoline_map_lookup(_, []) -> []; % archs not using trampolines
trampoline_map_lookup(Primop, Map) ->
  case gb_trees:lookup(Primop, Map) of
    {value, X} -> X;
    _ -> []
  end.

%%------------------------------------------------------------------------

-record(fundef, {address     :: integer(),
		 mfa         :: mfa(),
		 is_closure  :: boolean(),
		 is_exported :: boolean()}).

exports(ExportMap, BaseAddress) ->
  exports(ExportMap, BaseAddress, []).

exports([Offset,M,F,A,IsClosure,IsExported|Rest], BaseAddress, FunDefs) ->
  case IsExported andalso erlang:is_builtin(M, F, A) of
    true ->
      exports(Rest, BaseAddress, FunDefs);
    _false ->
      MFA = {M,F,A},
      Address = BaseAddress + Offset,
      FunDef = #fundef{address=Address, mfa=MFA, is_closure=IsClosure,
		       is_exported=IsExported},
      exports(Rest, BaseAddress, [FunDef|FunDefs])
  end;
exports([], _, FunDefs) ->
  FunDefs.

mod({M,_F,_A}) -> M.

%%------------------------------------------------------------------------

calculate_addresses(PatchOffsets, Base, FunDefs) ->
  RemoteOrLocal = local, % closure code refs are local
  [{Data,
    offsets_to_addresses(Offsets, Base),
    get_native_address(DestMFA, FunDefs, RemoteOrLocal)} ||
    {{DestMFA,_,_}=Data,Offsets} <- PatchOffsets].

offsets_to_addresses(Os, Base) ->
  [{O+Base,load_fe} || O <- Os].

%%------------------------------------------------------------------------

find_closure_patches([{Type,Refs} | Rest]) ->
  case ?EXT2PATCH_TYPE(Type) of 
    load_address -> 
      find_closure_refs(Refs, Rest);
    _ ->
      find_closure_patches(Rest)
  end;
find_closure_patches([]) -> [].

find_closure_refs([{Dest,Offsets} | Rest], Refs) ->
  case Dest of
    {closure,Data} ->
      [{Data,Offsets}|find_closure_refs(Rest,Refs)];
    _ ->
      find_closure_refs(Rest,Refs)
  end;
find_closure_refs([], Refs) ->
  find_closure_patches(Refs).

%%------------------------------------------------------------------------

set_beam_call_traps([FunDef | FunDefs]) ->
  #fundef{address=Address, mfa=MFA, is_closure=IsClosure,
	  is_exported=_IsExported} = FunDef,
  ?IF_DEBUG({M,F,A} = MFA, no_debug),
  ?IF_DEBUG(
     case IsClosure of
       false ->
	 ?debug_msg("LINKING: ~w:~w/~w to (0x~.16b)\n",
		    [M,F,A, Address]);
       true ->
	 ?debug_msg("LINKING: ~w:~w/~w to closure (0x~.16b)\n",
		    [M,F,A, Address])
     end, no_debug),
  hipe_bifs:set_native_address(MFA, Address, IsClosure),
  set_beam_call_traps(FunDefs);
set_beam_call_traps([]) ->
  ok.

export_funs([FunDef | FunDefs]) ->
  #fundef{address=Address, mfa=MFA, is_closure=_IsClosure,
	  is_exported=IsExported} = FunDef,
  ?IF_DEBUG({M,F,A} = MFA, no_debug),
  ?IF_DEBUG(
     case _IsClosure of
       false ->
	 ?debug_msg("LINKING: ~w:~w/~w to (0x~.16b)\n",
		    [M,F,A, Address]);
       true ->
	 ?debug_msg("LINKING: ~w:~w/~w to closure (0x~.16b)\n",
		    [M,F,A, Address])
     end, no_debug),
  hipe_bifs:set_funinfo_native_address(MFA, Address, IsExported),
  export_funs(FunDefs);
export_funs([]) ->
  ok.

make_beam_stub(Mod, LoaderState, MD5, Beam, FunDefs, ClosuresToPatch) ->
  Fs = [{F,A,Address} || #fundef{address=Address, mfa={_M,F,A}} <- FunDefs],
  Mod = code:make_stub_module(LoaderState, Beam, {Fs,ClosuresToPatch,MD5}),
  ok.

%%========================================================================
%% Patching 
%%  @spec patch(refs(), BaseAddress::integer(), ConstAndZone::term(),
%%              FunDefs::term(), TrampolineMap::term()) -> 'ok'.
%%   @type refs()=[{RefType::integer(), Reflist::reflist()} | refs()]
%%
%%   @type reflist()=   [{Data::term(), Offsets::offests()}|reflist()]
%%   @type offsets()=   [Offset::integer() | offsets()]
%% @doc
%%  The patchlist is a list of lists of patches of a type.
%%  For each type the list of references is sorted so that several
%%  references to the same type of data come after each other
%%  (we use this to look up the address of a referred function only once).
%%

patch([{Type,SortedRefs}|Rest], CodeAddress, ConstMap2, FunDefs, TrampolineMap) ->
  ?debug_msg("Patching ~w at [~w+offset] with ~w\n",
	     [Type,CodeAddress,SortedRefs]),
  case ?EXT2PATCH_TYPE(Type) of 
    call_local -> 
      patch_call(SortedRefs, CodeAddress, FunDefs, 'local', TrampolineMap);
    call_remote ->
      patch_call(SortedRefs, CodeAddress, FunDefs, 'remote', TrampolineMap);
    Other -> 
      patch_all(Other, SortedRefs, CodeAddress, {ConstMap2,CodeAddress}, FunDefs)
  end,
  patch(Rest, CodeAddress, ConstMap2, FunDefs, TrampolineMap);
patch([], _, _, _, _) -> ok.

%%----------------------------------------------------------------
%% Handle a 'call_local' or 'call_remote' patch.
%%
patch_call([{DestMFA,Offsets}|SortedRefs], BaseAddress, FunDefs, RemoteOrLocal, TrampolineMap) ->
  case bif_address(DestMFA) of
    false ->
      %% Previous code used mfa_to_address(DestMFA, FunDefs)
      %% here for local calls. That is wrong because even local
      %% destinations may not be present in FunDefs: they may
      %% not have been compiled yet, or they may be BEAM-only
      %% functions (e.g. module_info).
      DestAddress = get_native_address(DestMFA, FunDefs, RemoteOrLocal),
      Trampoline = trampoline_map_get(DestMFA, TrampolineMap),
      patch_mfa_call_list(Offsets, BaseAddress, DestMFA, DestAddress, FunDefs, RemoteOrLocal, Trampoline);
    BifAddress when is_integer(BifAddress) ->
      Trampoline = trampoline_map_lookup(DestMFA, TrampolineMap),
      patch_bif_call_list(Offsets, BaseAddress, BifAddress, Trampoline)
  end,
  patch_call(SortedRefs, BaseAddress, FunDefs, RemoteOrLocal, TrampolineMap);
patch_call([], _, _, _, _) ->
  ok.

patch_bif_call_list([Offset|Offsets], BaseAddress, BifAddress, Trampoline) ->
  CallAddress = BaseAddress+Offset,
  ?ASSERT(assert_local_patch(CallAddress)),
  patch_call_insn(CallAddress, BifAddress, Trampoline),
  patch_bif_call_list(Offsets, BaseAddress, BifAddress, Trampoline);
patch_bif_call_list([], _, _, _) -> ok.

patch_mfa_call_list([Offset|Offsets], BaseAddress, DestMFA, DestAddress, FunDefs, RemoteOrLocal, Trampoline) ->
  CallAddress = BaseAddress+Offset,
  add_ref(DestMFA, CallAddress, FunDefs, 'call', Trampoline, RemoteOrLocal),
  ?ASSERT(assert_local_patch(CallAddress)),
  patch_call_insn(CallAddress, DestAddress, Trampoline),
  patch_mfa_call_list(Offsets, BaseAddress, DestMFA, DestAddress, FunDefs, RemoteOrLocal, Trampoline);
patch_mfa_call_list([], _, _, _, _, _, _) -> ok.

patch_call_insn(CallAddress, DestAddress, Trampoline) ->
  ?ASSERT(assert_local_patch(CallAddress)),
  hipe_bifs:patch_call(CallAddress, DestAddress, Trampoline).

%% ____________________________________________________________________
%% 

patch_all(Type, [{Dest,Offsets}|Rest], BaseAddress, ConstAndZone, FunDefs)->
  patch_all_offsets(Type, Dest, Offsets, BaseAddress, ConstAndZone, FunDefs),
  patch_all(Type, Rest, BaseAddress, ConstAndZone, FunDefs);
patch_all(_, [], _, _, _) -> ok.

patch_all_offsets(Type, Data, [Offset|Offsets], BaseAddress,
		  ConstAndZone, FunDefs) ->
  ?debug_msg("Patching ~w at [~w+~w] with ~w\n",
	     [Type,BaseAddress,Offset, Data]),
  Address = BaseAddress + Offset,
  patch_offset(Type, Data, Address, ConstAndZone, FunDefs),
  ?debug_msg("Patching done\n",[]),
  patch_all_offsets(Type, Data, Offsets, BaseAddress, ConstAndZone, FunDefs);
patch_all_offsets(_, _, [], _, _, _) -> ok.

%%----------------------------------------------------------------
%% Handle any patch type except 'call_local' or 'call_remote'.
%%
patch_offset(Type, Data, Address, ConstAndZone, FunDefs) ->
  case Type of
    load_address ->
      patch_load_address(Data, Address, ConstAndZone, FunDefs);
    load_atom ->
      Atom = Data,
      patch_atom(Address, Atom);
    sdesc ->
      patch_sdesc(Data, Address, ConstAndZone, FunDefs);
    x86_abs_pcrel ->
      patch_instr(Address, Data, x86_abs_pcrel)
    %% _ ->
    %%   ?error_msg("Unknown ref ~w ~w ~w\n", [Type, Address, Data]),
    %%   exit({unknown_reference, Type, Address, Data})
  end.

patch_atom(Address, Atom) ->
  ?ASSERT(assert_local_patch(Address)),
  patch_instr(Address, hipe_bifs:atom_to_word(Atom), atom).

patch_sdesc(?STACK_DESC(SymExnRA, FSize, Arity, Live),
	    Address, {_ConstMap2,CodeAddress}, FunDefs) ->
  ExnRA =
    case SymExnRA of
      [] -> 0; % No catch
      LabelOffset -> CodeAddress + LabelOffset
    end,
  ?ASSERT(assert_local_patch(Address)),
  MFA = address_to_mfa_lth(Address, FunDefs),
  hipe_bifs:enter_sdesc({Address, ExnRA, FSize, Arity, Live, MFA},
		       get(hipe_loader_state)).


%%----------------------------------------------------------------
%% Handle a 'load_address'-type patch.
%%
patch_load_address(Data, Address, ConstAndZone, FunDefs) ->
  case Data of
    {local_function,DestMFA} ->
      patch_load_mfa(Address, DestMFA, FunDefs, 'local');
    {remote_function,DestMFA} ->
      patch_load_mfa(Address, DestMFA, FunDefs, 'remote');
    {constant,Name} ->
      {ConstMap2,_CodeAddress} = ConstAndZone,
      ConstAddress = find_const(Name, ConstMap2),
      patch_instr(Address, ConstAddress, constant);
    {closure,{DestMFA,Uniq,Index}} ->
      patch_closure(DestMFA, Uniq, Index, Address, FunDefs);
    {c_const,CConst} ->
      patch_instr(Address, bif_address(CConst), c_const)
  end.

patch_closure(DestMFA, Uniq, Index, Address, FunDefs) ->
  case get(hipe_patch_closures) of
    false ->
      []; % This is taken care of when registering the module.
    true ->
      %% We are replacing a previosly loaded BEAM module with native code,
      %% so we must reference the pre-existing entries in the fun table
      %% from the native code. We must delay actually patching the native
      %% address into the fun entry to ensure that the native code cannot
      %% be called until it has been completely fixed up.
      RemoteOrLocal = local, % closure code refs are local
      DestAddress = get_native_address(DestMFA, FunDefs, RemoteOrLocal),
      BEAMAddress = hipe_bifs:fun_to_address(DestMFA),
      FE = hipe_bifs:get_fe(mod(DestMFA), {Uniq, Index, BEAMAddress}),
      put(closures_to_patch, [{FE,DestAddress}|get(closures_to_patch)]),
      ?debug_msg("Patch FE(~w) to 0x~.16b->0x~.16b (emu:0x~.16b)\n",
		 [DestMFA, FE, DestAddress, BEAMAddress]),
      ?ASSERT(assert_local_patch(Address)),
      patch_instr(Address, FE, closure) 
  end.

%%----------------------------------------------------------------
%% Patch an instruction loading the address of an MFA.
%% RemoteOrLocal ::= 'remote' | 'local'
%%
patch_load_mfa(CodeAddress, DestMFA, FunDefs, RemoteOrLocal) ->
  ?ASSERT(assert_local_patch(CodeAddress)),
  DestAddress =
    case bif_address(DestMFA) of
      false ->
	NativeAddress = get_native_address(DestMFA, FunDefs, RemoteOrLocal),
	add_ref(DestMFA, CodeAddress, FunDefs, 'load_mfa', [], RemoteOrLocal),
	NativeAddress;
      BifAddress when is_integer(BifAddress) ->
	BifAddress
    end,
  patch_instr(CodeAddress, DestAddress, 'load_mfa').

%%----------------------------------------------------------------
%% Patch references to code labels in the data segment.
%%
patch_consts(Labels, DataAddress, CodeAddress, WriteWord) ->
  lists:foreach(fun (L) ->
		    patch_label_or_labels(L, DataAddress, CodeAddress,
                                          WriteWord)
		end, Labels).

patch_label_or_labels({Pos,Offset}, DataAddress, CodeAddress, WriteWord) ->
  ?ASSERT(assert_local_patch(CodeAddress+Offset)),
  WriteWord(DataAddress+Pos, CodeAddress+Offset);
patch_label_or_labels({sorted,Base,UnOrderdList}, DataAddress, CodeAddress,
                      WriteWord) ->
  sort_and_write(UnOrderdList, Base, DataAddress, CodeAddress, WriteWord).

sort_and_write(UnOrderdList, Base, DataAddress, CodeAddress, WriteWord) ->
  WriteAndInc =
    fun ({_, Offset}, DataPos) ->
	?ASSERT(assert_local_patch(CodeAddress+Offset)),
	WriteWord(DataPos, CodeAddress+Offset)
    end,
  lists:foldl(WriteAndInc, DataAddress+Base, sort_on_representation(UnOrderdList)).

sort_on_representation(List) ->
  lists:sort([{hipe_bifs:term_to_word(Term), Offset} ||
	       {Term, Offset} <- List]).

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Update an instruction to refer to a value of a given type.
%%
%% Type ::= 'call' | 'load_mfa' | 'x86_abs_pcrel' | 'atom'
%%	  | 'constant' | 'c_const' | 'closure'
%%
%% Note: the values of this Type are hard-coded in file erl_bif_types.erl
%%
patch_instr(Address, Value, Type) ->
  hipe_bifs:patch_insn(Address, Value, Type).

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% Write a data word of the machine's natural word size.
%% Returns the address of the next word.
%%
%% XXX: It appears this is used for inserting both code addresses
%% and other data. In HiPE, code addresses are still 32-bit on
%% some 64-bit machines.
write_word_fun(WordSize) ->
  case WordSize of
    8 ->
      fun (DataAddress, DataWord) ->
          hipe_bifs:write_u64(DataAddress, DataWord),
          DataAddress+8
      end;
    4 ->
      fun (DataAddress, DataWord) ->
          hipe_bifs:write_u32(DataAddress, DataWord),
          DataAddress+4
      end
  end.

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------

bif_address({M,F,A}) ->
  hipe_bifs:bif_address(M,F,A);
bif_address(Name) when is_atom(Name) ->
  hipe_bifs:primop_address(Name).

%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% create_data_segment/3 takes an object file ConstMap, as produced by
%% hipe_pack_constants:slim_constmap/1, loads the constants into
%% memory, and produces a ConstMap2 mapping each constant's ConstNo to
%% its runtime address, tagged if the constant is a term.
%%
create_data_segment(DataAlign, DataSize, DataList, WriteWord, LoaderState) ->
  %%io:format("create_data_segment: \nDataAlign: ~p\nDataSize: ~p\nDataList: ~p\n",[DataAlign,DataSize,DataList]),
  DataAddress = hipe_bifs:alloc_data(DataAlign, DataSize, LoaderState),
  enter_data(DataList, [], DataAddress, DataSize, WriteWord).

enter_data(List, ConstMap2, DataAddress, DataSize, WriteWord) ->
  case List of
    [ConstNo,Offset,Type,Data|Rest] when is_integer(Offset) ->
      %%?msg("Const ~w\n",[[ConstNo,Offset,Type,Data]]),
      ?ASSERT((Offset >= 0) and (Offset =< DataSize)),
      Res = enter_datum(Type, Data, DataAddress+Offset, WriteWord),
      enter_data(Rest, [{ConstNo,Res}|ConstMap2], DataAddress, DataSize,
                 WriteWord);
    [] ->
      {DataAddress, ConstMap2}
  end.

enter_datum(Type, Data, Address, WriteWord) ->
  case ?EXT2CONST_TYPE(Type) of
    term ->
      %% Address is unused for terms
      hipe_bifs:term_to_word(hipe_bifs:merge_term(Data));
    sorted_block ->
      L = lists:sort([hipe_bifs:term_to_word(Term) || Term <- Data]),
      write_words(L, Address, WriteWord),
      Address;
    block ->
      case Data of
	{Lbls, []} ->
	  write_bytes(Lbls, Address);
	{Lbls, SortOrder} ->
	  SortedLbls = [Lbl || {_,Lbl} <- lists:sort(group(Lbls, SortOrder))],
	  write_words(SortedLbls, Address, WriteWord);
	Lbls ->
	  write_bytes(Lbls, Address)
      end,
      Address
  end.

group([], []) ->
  [];
group([B1,B2,B3,B4|Ls], [O|Os]) -> 
  [{hipe_bifs:term_to_word(O),bytes_to_32(B4,B3,B2,B1)}|group(Ls,Os)].

bytes_to_32(B4,B3,B2,B1) ->
  (B4 bsl 24) bor (B3 bsl 16) bor (B2 bsl 8) bor B1.

write_words([W|Rest], Addr, WriteWord) ->
  write_words(Rest, WriteWord(Addr, W), WriteWord);
write_words([], Addr, _) when is_integer(Addr) -> true.

write_bytes([B|Rest], Addr) ->
  hipe_bifs:write_u8(Addr, B),
  write_bytes(Rest, Addr+1);
write_bytes([], Addr) when is_integer(Addr) -> true.

%%% lists:keysearch/3 conses a useless wrapper around the found tuple :-(
%%% otherwise it would have been a good replacement for this loop
find_const(ConstNo, [{ConstNo,Addr}|_ConstMap2]) ->
  Addr;
find_const(ConstNo, [_|ConstMap2]) ->
  find_const(ConstNo, ConstMap2);
find_const(ConstNo, []) ->
  ?error_msg("Constant not found ~w\n",[ConstNo]),
  exit({constant_not_found,ConstNo}).


%%----------------------------------------------------------------
%% Record that the code at address 'Address' has a reference
%% of type 'RefType' ('call' or 'load_mfa') to 'CalleeMFA'.
%% 'FunDefs' must be an address-descending list from exports/2.
%%
%% If 'RefType' is 'call', then 'Trampoline' may be the address
%% of a stub branching to 'CalleeMFA', where the stub is reachable
%% from 'Address' via a normal call or tailcall instruction.
%%
%% RemoteOrLocal ::= 'remote' | 'local'.
%%

add_ref(CalleeMFA, Address, FunDefs, RefType, Trampoline, RemoteOrLocal) ->
  CallerMFA = address_to_mfa_lth(Address, FunDefs),
  case RemoteOrLocal of
    local ->
      %% just a sanity assertion
      {M,_,_} = CalleeMFA,
      {M,_,_} = CallerMFA;
    remote ->
      hipe_bifs:add_ref(CalleeMFA, {CallerMFA,Address,RefType,Trampoline,
				    get(hipe_loader_state)})
  end,
  ok.

% For FunDefs sorted from low to high addresses
address_to_mfa_lth(Address, FunDefs) ->
    case address_to_mfa_lth(Address, FunDefs, false) of
	false ->
	    ?error_msg("Local adddress not found ~w\n",[Address]),
	    exit({?MODULE, local_address_not_found});
	MFA ->
	    MFA
    end.
    
address_to_mfa_lth(Address, [#fundef{address=Adr, mfa=MFA}|Rest], Prev) ->
  if Address < Adr -> 
	  Prev;
     true -> 
	  address_to_mfa_lth(Address, Rest, MFA)
  end;
address_to_mfa_lth(_Address, [], Prev) -> 
    Prev.

% For FunDefs sorted from high to low addresses
%% address_to_mfa_htl(Address, [#fundef{address=Adr, mfa=MFA}|_Rest]) when Address >= Adr -> MFA;
%% address_to_mfa_htl(Address, [_ | Rest]) -> address_to_mfa_htl(Address, Rest);
%% address_to_mfa_htl(Address, []) -> 
%%   ?error_msg("Local adddress not found ~w\n",[Address]),
%%   exit({?MODULE, local_address_not_found}).


%%--------------------------------------------------------------------

%% To find the native code of an MFA we need to look in 3 places:
%%  1. If it is compiled now look in the FunDefs data structure.
%%  2. Then look in native_addresses from module info. 
%%  3. Then (the function might have been singled compiled) look in
%%      hipe_funinfo
%%  If all else fails create a native stub for the MFA 
get_native_address(MFA, FunDefs, RemoteOrLocal) ->
  case mfa_to_address(MFA, FunDefs, RemoteOrLocal) of
    Adr when is_integer(Adr) -> Adr;
    false ->
	case RemoteOrLocal of
	  remote ->
	    hipe_bifs:find_na_or_make_stub(MFA);
	  local ->
	    ?error_msg("Local function ~p not found\n",[MFA]),
	    exit({function_not_found,MFA})
	end
  end.

mfa_to_address(MFA, [#fundef{address=Adr, mfa=MFA,
			     is_exported=IsExported}|_Rest], RemoteOrLocal) ->
  case RemoteOrLocal of
    local ->
      Adr;
    remote ->
      case IsExported of
	true ->
	  Adr;
	false ->
	  false
      end
  end;
mfa_to_address(MFA, [_|Rest], RemoteOrLocal) ->
  mfa_to_address(MFA, Rest, RemoteOrLocal);
mfa_to_address(_, [], _) -> false.

%% ____________________________________________________________________
%% 

-ifdef(DO_ASSERT).

-define(init_assert_patch(Base, Size), put(hipe_assert_code_area,{Base,Base+Size})).

assert_local_patch(Address) when is_integer(Address) ->
  {First,Last} = get(hipe_assert_code_area),
  Address >= First andalso Address < (Last).

-else.

-define(init_assert_patch(Base, Size), ok).

-endif.

%% ____________________________________________________________________
%% 

%% Beam: nil() | binary()  (used as a flag)

enter_code(CodeSize, CodeBinary, CalleeMFAs, LoaderState) ->
  true = byte_size(CodeBinary) =:= CodeSize,
  {CodeAddress,Trampolines} = hipe_bifs:enter_code(CodeBinary, CalleeMFAs,
						   LoaderState),
  ?init_assert_patch(CodeAddress, byte_size(CodeBinary)),
  {CodeAddress,Trampolines}.