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1 files changed, 166 insertions, 163 deletions
diff --git a/docs/en/gun/1.0/guide/connect/index.html b/docs/en/gun/1.0/guide/connect/index.html index 50035be4..62b1619d 100644 --- a/docs/en/gun/1.0/guide/connect/index.html +++ b/docs/en/gun/1.0/guide/connect/index.html @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ <meta name="description" content=""> <meta name="author" content="Loïc Hoguin based on a design from (Soft10) Pol Cámara"> - <meta name="generator" content="Hugo 0.17" /> + <meta name="generator" content="Hugo 0.26" /> <title>Nine Nines: Connection</title> @@ -67,174 +67,177 @@ <h1 class="lined-header"><span>Connection</span></h1> -<div class="paragraph"><p>This chapter describes how to open, monitor and close
-a connection using the Gun client.</p></div>
-<div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_gun_connections">Gun connections</h2>
-<div class="sectionbody">
-<div class="paragraph"><p>Gun is designed with the HTTP/2 and Websocket protocols in mind.
-They are built for long-running connections that allow concurrent
-exchange of data, either in the form of request/responses for
-HTTP/2 or in the form of messages for Websocket.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>A Gun connection is an Erlang process that manages a socket to
-a remote endpoint. This Gun connection is owned by a user
-process that is called the <em>owner</em> of the connection, and is
-managed by the supervision tree of the <code>gun</code> application.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>The owner process communicates with the Gun connection
-by calling functions from the module <code>gun</code>. All functions
-perform their respective operations asynchronously. The Gun
-connection will send Erlang messages to the owner process
-whenever needed.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>When the remote endpoint closes the connection, Gun attempts
-to reconnect automatically.</p></div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_opening_a_new_connection">Opening a new connection</h2>
-<div class="sectionbody">
-<div class="paragraph"><p>The <code>gun:open/{2,3}</code> function must be used to open a connection.</p></div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">Opening a connection to example.org on port 443</div>
-<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8
-by Lorenzo Bettini
-http://www.lorenzobettini.it
-http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-<pre><tt>{<span style="color: #FF6600">ok</span>, <span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>} <span style="color: #990000">=</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:open</span></span>(<span style="color: #FF0000">"example.org"</span>, <span style="color: #993399">443</span>)<span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>If the port given is 443, Gun will attempt to connect using
-SSL. The protocol will be selected automatically using the
-ALPN extension for TLS. By default Gun supports HTTP/2
-and HTTP/1.1 when connecting using SSL.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>For any other port, Gun will attempt to connect using TCP
-and will use the HTTP/1.1 protocol.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>The transport and protocol used can be overriden using
-options. The manual documents all available options.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>Options can be provided as a third argument, and take the
-form of a map.</p></div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">Opening an SSL connection to example.org on port 8443</div>
-<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8
-by Lorenzo Bettini
-http://www.lorenzobettini.it
-http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-<pre><tt>{<span style="color: #FF6600">ok</span>, <span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>} <span style="color: #990000">=</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:open</span></span>(<span style="color: #FF0000">"example.org"</span>, <span style="color: #993399">8443</span>, #{<span style="color: #0000FF">transport</span><span style="color: #990000">=></span><span style="color: #FF6600">ssl</span>})<span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_waiting_for_the_connection_to_be_established">Waiting for the connection to be established</h2>
-<div class="sectionbody">
-<div class="paragraph"><p>When Gun successfully connects to the server, it sends a
-<code>gun_up</code> message with the protocol that has been selected
-for the connection.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>Gun provides the functions <code>gun:await_up/{1,2,3}</code> that wait
-for the <code>gun_up</code> message. They can optionally take a monitor
-reference and/or timeout value. If no monitor is provided,
-one will be created for the duration of the function call.</p></div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">Synchronous opening of a connection</div>
-<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8
-by Lorenzo Bettini
-http://www.lorenzobettini.it
-http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-<pre><tt>{<span style="color: #FF6600">ok</span>, <span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>} <span style="color: #990000">=</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:open</span></span>(<span style="color: #FF0000">"example.org"</span>, <span style="color: #993399">443</span>),
-{<span style="color: #FF6600">ok</span>, <span style="color: #009900">Protocol</span>} <span style="color: #990000">=</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:await_up</span></span>(<span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>)<span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_handling_connection_loss">Handling connection loss</h2>
-<div class="sectionbody">
-<div class="paragraph"><p>When the connection is lost, Gun will send a <code>gun_down</code>
-message indicating the current protocol, the reason the
-connection was lost and two list of stream references.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>The first list indicates open streams that <em>may</em> have been
-processed by the server. The second list indicates open
-streams that the server did not process.</p></div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_monitoring_the_connection_process">Monitoring the connection process</h2>
-<div class="sectionbody">
-<div class="paragraph"><p>@todo Gun should detect the owner process being killed</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>Because software errors are unavoidable, it is important to
-detect when the Gun process crashes. It is also important
-to detect when it exits normally. Erlang provides two ways
-to do that: links and monitors.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>Gun leaves you the choice as to which one will be used.
-However, if you use the <code>gun:await/{2,3}</code> or <code>gun:await_body/{2,3}</code>
-functions, a monitor may be used for you to avoid getting
-stuck waiting for a message that will never come.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>If you choose to monitor yourself you can do it on a permanent
-basis rather than on every message you will receive, saving
-resources. Indeed, the <code>gun:await/{3,4}</code> and <code>gun:await_body/{3,4}</code>
-functions both accept a monitor argument if you have one already.</p></div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">Monitoring the connection process</div>
-<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8
-by Lorenzo Bettini
-http://www.lorenzobettini.it
-http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-<pre><tt>{<span style="color: #FF6600">ok</span>, <span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>} <span style="color: #990000">=</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:open</span></span>(<span style="color: #FF0000">"example.org"</span>, <span style="color: #993399">443</span>)<span style="color: #990000">.</span>
-<span style="color: #009900">MRef</span> <span style="color: #990000">=</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">monitor</span></span>(<span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000080">process</span></span>, <span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>)<span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>This monitor reference can be kept and used until the connection
-process exits.</p></div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">Handling <code>DOWN</code> messages</div>
-<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8
-by Lorenzo Bettini
-http://www.lorenzobettini.it
-http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-<pre><tt><span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">receive</span></span>
- <span style="font-style: italic"><span style="color: #9A1900">%% Receive Gun messages here...</span></span>
- {<span style="color: #FF6600">'DOWN'</span>, <span style="color: #009900">Mref</span>, <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000080">process</span></span>, <span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>, <span style="color: #009900">Reason</span>} <span style="color: #990000">-></span>
- <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">error_logger:error_msg</span></span>(<span style="color: #FF0000">"Oops!"</span>),
- <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000080">exit</span></span>(<span style="color: #009900">Reason</span>);
-<span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">end</span></span><span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>What to do when you receive a <code>DOWN</code> message is entirely up to you.</p></div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_closing_the_connection_abruptly">Closing the connection abruptly</h2>
-<div class="sectionbody">
-<div class="paragraph"><p>The connection can be stopped abruptly at any time by calling
-the <code>gun:close/1</code> function.</p></div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">Immediate closing of the connection</div>
-<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8
-by Lorenzo Bettini
-http://www.lorenzobettini.it
-http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-<pre><tt><span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:close</span></span>(<span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>)<span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>The process is stopped immediately without having a chance to
-perform the protocol’s closing handshake, if any.</p></div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_closing_the_connection_gracefully">Closing the connection gracefully</h2>
-<div class="sectionbody">
-<div class="paragraph"><p>The connection can also be stopped gracefully by calling the
-<code>gun:shutdown/1</code> function.</p></div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">Graceful shutdown of the connection</div>
-<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8
-by Lorenzo Bettini
-http://www.lorenzobettini.it
-http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-<pre><tt><span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:shutdown</span></span>(<span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>)<span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>Gun will refuse any new requests or messages after you call
-this function. It will however continue to send you messages
-for existing streams until they are all completed.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>For example if you performed a GET request just before calling
-<code>gun:shutdown/1</code>, you will still receive the response before
-Gun closes the connection.</p></div>
-<div class="paragraph"><p>If you set a monitor beforehand, you will receive a message
-when the connection has been closed.</p></div>
-</div>
-</div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>This chapter describes how to open, monitor and close +a connection using the Gun client.</p></div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_gun_connections">Gun connections</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>Gun is designed with the HTTP/2 and Websocket protocols in mind. +They are built for long-running connections that allow concurrent +exchange of data, either in the form of request/responses for +HTTP/2 or in the form of messages for Websocket.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>A Gun connection is an Erlang process that manages a socket to +a remote endpoint. This Gun connection is owned by a user +process that is called the <em>owner</em> of the connection, and is +managed by the supervision tree of the <code>gun</code> application.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>The owner process communicates with the Gun connection +by calling functions from the module <code>gun</code>. All functions +perform their respective operations asynchronously. The Gun +connection will send Erlang messages to the owner process +whenever needed.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>When the remote endpoint closes the connection, Gun attempts +to reconnect automatically.</p></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_opening_a_new_connection">Opening a new connection</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>The <code>gun:open/{2,3}</code> function must be used to open a connection.</p></div> +<div class="listingblock"> +<div class="title">Opening a connection to example.org on port 443</div> +<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><tt>{<span style="color: #FF6600">ok</span>, <span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>} <span style="color: #990000">=</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:open</span></span>(<span style="color: #FF0000">"example.org"</span>, <span style="color: #993399">443</span>)<span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>If the port given is 443, Gun will attempt to connect using +SSL. The protocol will be selected automatically using the +ALPN extension for TLS. By default Gun supports HTTP/2 +and HTTP/1.1 when connecting using SSL.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>For any other port, Gun will attempt to connect using TCP +and will use the HTTP/1.1 protocol.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>The transport and protocol used can be overriden using +options. The manual documents all available options.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>Options can be provided as a third argument, and take the +form of a map.</p></div> +<div class="listingblock"> +<div class="title">Opening an SSL connection to example.org on port 8443</div> +<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><tt>{<span style="color: #FF6600">ok</span>, <span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>} <span style="color: #990000">=</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:open</span></span>(<span style="color: #FF0000">"example.org"</span>, <span style="color: #993399">8443</span>, #{<span style="color: #0000FF">transport</span><span style="color: #990000">=></span><span style="color: #FF6600">ssl</span>})<span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_waiting_for_the_connection_to_be_established">Waiting for the connection to be established</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>When Gun successfully connects to the server, it sends a +<code>gun_up</code> message with the protocol that has been selected +for the connection.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>Gun provides the functions <code>gun:await_up/{1,2,3}</code> that wait +for the <code>gun_up</code> message. They can optionally take a monitor +reference and/or timeout value. If no monitor is provided, +one will be created for the duration of the function call.</p></div> +<div class="listingblock"> +<div class="title">Synchronous opening of a connection</div> +<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><tt>{<span style="color: #FF6600">ok</span>, <span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>} <span style="color: #990000">=</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:open</span></span>(<span style="color: #FF0000">"example.org"</span>, <span style="color: #993399">443</span>), +{<span style="color: #FF6600">ok</span>, <span style="color: #009900">Protocol</span>} <span style="color: #990000">=</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:await_up</span></span>(<span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>)<span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_handling_connection_loss">Handling connection loss</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>When the connection is lost, Gun will send a <code>gun_down</code> +message indicating the current protocol, the reason the +connection was lost and two list of stream references.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>The first list indicates open streams that <em>may</em> have been +processed by the server. The second list indicates open +streams that the server did not process.</p></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_monitoring_the_connection_process">Monitoring the connection process</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>@todo Gun should detect the owner process being killed</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>Because software errors are unavoidable, it is important to +detect when the Gun process crashes. It is also important +to detect when it exits normally. Erlang provides two ways +to do that: links and monitors.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>Gun leaves you the choice as to which one will be used. +However, if you use the <code>gun:await/{2,3}</code> or <code>gun:await_body/{2,3}</code> +functions, a monitor may be used for you to avoid getting +stuck waiting for a message that will never come.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>If you choose to monitor yourself you can do it on a permanent +basis rather than on every message you will receive, saving +resources. Indeed, the <code>gun:await/{3,4}</code> and <code>gun:await_body/{3,4}</code> +functions both accept a monitor argument if you have one already.</p></div> +<div class="listingblock"> +<div class="title">Monitoring the connection process</div> +<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><tt>{<span style="color: #FF6600">ok</span>, <span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>} <span style="color: #990000">=</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:open</span></span>(<span style="color: #FF0000">"example.org"</span>, <span style="color: #993399">443</span>)<span style="color: #990000">.</span> +<span style="color: #009900">MRef</span> <span style="color: #990000">=</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">monitor</span></span>(<span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000080">process</span></span>, <span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>)<span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>This monitor reference can be kept and used until the connection +process exits.</p></div> +<div class="listingblock"> +<div class="title">Handling <code>DOWN</code> messages</div> +<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><tt><span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">receive</span></span> + <span style="font-style: italic"><span style="color: #9A1900">%% Receive Gun messages here...</span></span> + {<span style="color: #FF6600">'DOWN'</span>, <span style="color: #009900">Mref</span>, <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000080">process</span></span>, <span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>, <span style="color: #009900">Reason</span>} <span style="color: #990000">-></span> + <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">error_logger:error_msg</span></span>(<span style="color: #FF0000">"Oops!"</span>), + <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000080">exit</span></span>(<span style="color: #009900">Reason</span>); +<span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">end</span></span><span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>What to do when you receive a <code>DOWN</code> message is entirely up to you.</p></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_closing_the_connection_abruptly">Closing the connection abruptly</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>The connection can be stopped abruptly at any time by calling +the <code>gun:close/1</code> function.</p></div> +<div class="listingblock"> +<div class="title">Immediate closing of the connection</div> +<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><tt><span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:close</span></span>(<span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>)<span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>The process is stopped immediately without having a chance to +perform the protocol’s closing handshake, if any.</p></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_closing_the_connection_gracefully">Closing the connection gracefully</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>The connection can also be stopped gracefully by calling the +<code>gun:shutdown/1</code> function.</p></div> +<div class="listingblock"> +<div class="title">Graceful shutdown of the connection</div> +<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.8 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><tt><span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000000">gun:shutdown</span></span>(<span style="color: #009900">ConnPid</span>)<span style="color: #990000">.</span></tt></pre></div></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>Gun will refuse any new requests or messages after you call +this function. It will however continue to send you messages +for existing streams until they are all completed.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>For example if you performed a GET request just before calling +<code>gun:shutdown/1</code>, you will still receive the response before +Gun closes the connection.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>If you set a monitor beforehand, you will receive a message +when the connection has been closed.</p></div> +</div> +</div> + + + <nav style="margin:1em 0"> |