aboutsummaryrefslogblamecommitdiffstats
path: root/lib/xmerl/src/xmerl_scan.erl
blob: ec7ea534d6fcc2e1b93c8447051433db7242384b (plain) (tree)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374
3375
3376
3377
3378
3379
3380
3381
3382
3383
3384
3385
3386
3387
3388
3389
3390
3618
3619
3620
3621
3622
3623
3624
3625
3626
3627
3628
3629
3630
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3636
3637
3638
3639
3640
3641
3642
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3649
3650
3651
3652
3653
3654
3655
3656
3657
3658
3659
3660
3661
3662
3663
3664
3665
3666
3667
3668
3669
3670
3671
3672
3673
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3680
3681
3682
3683
3684
3685
3686
3687
3688
3689
3690
3691
3692
3693
3694
3695
3696
3697
3698
3699
3700
3701
3702
3703
3704
3705
3706
3707
3708
3709
3710
3711
3712
3713
3714
3715
3716
3717
3718
3719
3720
3721
3722
3723
3724
3725
3726
3727
3728
3729
3730
3731
3732
3733
3734
3735
3736
3737
3738
3739
3740
3741
3742
3743
3744
3745
3746
3747
3748
3749
3750
3751
3752
3753
3754
3755
3756
3757
3758
3759
3760
3761
3762
3763
3764
3765
3766
3767
3768
3769
3770
3771
3772
3773
3774
3775
3776
3777
3778
3779
3780
3781
3782
3783
3784
3785
3786
3787
3788
3789
3790
3791
3792
3793
3794
3795
3796
3797
3798
3799
3800
3801
3802
3803
3804
3805
3806
3807
3808
3809
3810
3811
3812
3813
3814
3815
3816
3817
3818
3819
3820
3821
3822
3823
3824
3825
3826
3827
3828
3829
3830
3831
3832
3833
3834
3835
3836
3837
3838
3839
3840
3841
3842
3843
3844
3845
3846
3847
3848
3849
3850
3851
3852
3853
3854
3855
3856
3857
3858
3859
3860
3861
3862
3863
3864
3865
3866
3867
3868
3869
3870
3871
3872
3873
3874
3875
3876
3877
3878
3879
3880
3881
3882
3883
3884
3885
3886
3887
3888
3889
3890
3891
3892
3893
3894
3895
3896
3897
3898
3899
3900
3901
3902
3903
3904
3905
3906
3907
3908
3909
3910
3911
3912
3913
3914
3915
3916
3917
3918
3919
3920
3921
3922
3923
3924
3925
3926
3927
3928
3929
3930
3931
3932
3933
3934
3935
3936
3937
3938
3939
3940
3941
3942
3943
3944
3945
3946
3947
3948
3949
3950
3951
3952
3953
3954
3955
3956
3957
3958
3959
3960
3961
3962
3963
3964
3965
3966
3967
3968
3969
3970
3971
3972
3973
3974
3975
3976
3977
3978
3979
3980
3981
3982
3983
3984
3985
3986
3987
3988
3989
3990
3991
3992
3993
3994
3995
3996
3997
3998
3999
4000
4001
4002
4003
4004
4005
4006
4007
4008
4009
4010
4011
4012
4013
4014
4015
4016
4017
4018
4019
4020
4021
4022
4023
4024
4025
4026
4027
4028
4029
4030
4031
4032
4033
4034
4035
4036
4037
4038
4039
4040
4041
4042
4043
4044
4045
4046
4047
4048
4049
4050
4051
4052
4053
4054
4055
4056
4057
4058
4059

                   
  
                                                        
  




                                                                      
  



                                                                         
  



















                                                                               
      
                        
       






























































                                                                                


                                                                      


                                                                          


                                                                          
        




                                                                             
 
 
























































































































                                                                                
                                                                              






































                                                                                 
                                                                         



















































































































                                                                                   

                                                         

                                                         

                                                              








































































































































                                                                           
                                                       











                                                                   

                                                                     






                                                                   
                                                                


                                                          
                                                                    

                                                            
                                            

                                                           
                                                       







                                                                            
                                                        
                   
                                    

                                                      












                                                                  
                            
                                           

                      

                                                 


                                                                                       
                                                                          
                                                                                  
                                                          
                         
                                           

                     
                                   

             





                                                                              
                    

                     












                                                               
                              
                                                     
                      
                       
                       









                                                                              


                                                                    
                            

                                                                     
         



                                                                






                                                        
                                                                




                                              
                                                                












                                                                            
                                          







                                                                   
                                                                        
                             
                                          

                                                                    
                                          
                                        
                                         
        


                                                                    







                                                                   






                                                                       








                                                                  

                                                   


 
                                                                     
                            

                                                                      
         

                                                                     


                                        

                                             

                                                             


                                                                 












                                                                               
                                 








                                                                        


                                                                  
                            

                                                                   
         
                                                                                          
                 
                                                                     












                                            
                                                                      

                                 








                                                       

                                     


                             

























                                                                                

                                                         










































































































































































































































                                                                                                                 
                                                               
                            
                                                                

                                                
                                                                           





                                                                     
                                          

                                                                 
                                                      
        
                                                             
                                                         
                                               




                                                                            
                                                                              

                                               

                                                  



                                                                

                                                           
                            

                                                            



                                                           
                                      

                              
                             







                                                              
                                                                    
            

                                                     

                                                           

                                                            
                            

                                                             



                                                           
                                       

                              
                             







                                                              
                                                

                                   
                                                    





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































                                                                                
                                                 




















































































































































































































































































































































































































                                                                               
                                           

































                                                                                

                                         
























































                                                                               
                                                                  

                                                                  
                                                 







                                               
                                                         

                                         
                                                




















                                                                            







                                                                             




























                                                                                        
















                                                                            













                                                                              
                                           

                                                            
                                                             
                                                      
                                                                            

                                                                    
                                
































                                                                             

























                                                                              













































































                                                                                
                                                        






                                                                               









                                                                               


























































































































































                                                                                                                                             
















                                                                                                























































                                                                                 
                                                                           
                 
                                





































































































                                                                               
                                       




































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































                                                                                         
                                                                       



                                                           






                                                                             


















                                                       










                                                                         

















                                                                           




                                                                    

























































































































































                                                                                                  

                                                                      


                                                                      
                                                                                  
                              
                                                                                   

























































































































































































































































































































































































































































                                                                                                      
                                                                    




                                         
                                                  














































































































                                                                                             





                                                                    



























































                                                                                          
%%
%% %CopyrightBegin%
%%
%% Copyright Ericsson AB 2003-2011. All Rights Reserved.
%%
%% The contents of this file are subject to the Erlang Public License,
%% Version 1.1, (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
%% compliance with the License. You should have received a copy of the
%% Erlang Public License along with this software. If not, it can be
%% retrieved online at http://www.erlang.org/.
%%
%% Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS"
%% basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See
%% the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
%% under the License.
%%
%% %CopyrightEnd%
%%

%% Description  : Simgle-pass XML scanner. See xmerl.hrl for data defs.

%% @doc This module is the interface to the XML parser, it handles XML 1.0.
%%     The XML parser is activated through 
%%     <tt>xmerl_scan:string/[1,2]</tt> or 
%%     <tt>xmerl_scan:file/[1,2]</tt>.
%%     It returns records of the type defined in xmerl.hrl.
%% See also <a href="xmerl_examples.html">tutorial</a> on customization
%% functions.
%% @type global_state(). <p>
%% The global state of the scanner, represented by the #xmerl_scanner{} record.
%% </p>
%% @type option_list(). <p>Options allow to customize the behaviour of the
%%     scanner.
%% See also <a href="xmerl_examples.html">tutorial</a> on customization
%% functions.
%% </p>
%% <p>
%% Possible options are:
%% </p>
%% <dl>
%%  <dt><code>{acc_fun, Fun}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Call back function to accumulate contents of entity.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{continuation_fun, Fun} |
%%            {continuation_fun, Fun, ContinuationState}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Call back function to decide what to do if the scanner runs into EOF
%%     before the document is complete.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{event_fun, Fun} |
%%            {event_fun, Fun, EventState}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Call back function to handle scanner events.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{fetch_fun, Fun} |
%%            {fetch_fun, Fun, FetchState}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Call back function to fetch an external resource.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{hook_fun, Fun} |
%%            {hook_fun, Fun, HookState}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Call back function to process the document entities once
%%     identified.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{close_fun, Fun}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Called when document has been completely parsed.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{rules, ReadFun, WriteFun, RulesState} |
%%            {rules, Rules}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Handles storing of scanner information when parsing.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{user_state, UserState}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Global state variable accessible from all customization functions</dd>
%%
%%  <dt><code>{fetch_path, PathList}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>PathList is a list of
%%     directories to search when fetching files. If the file in question
%%     is not in the fetch_path, the URI will be used as a file
%%     name.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{space, Flag}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>'preserve' (default) to preserve spaces, 'normalize' to
%%    accumulate consecutive whitespace and replace it with one space.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{line, Line}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>To specify starting line for scanning in document which contains
%%    fragments of XML.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{namespace_conformant, Flag}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Controls whether to behave as a namespace conformant XML parser,
%%    'false' (default) to not otherwise 'true'.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{validation, Flag}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Controls whether to process as a validating XML parser:
%%    'off' (default) no validation, or validation 'dtd' by DTD or 'schema'
%%    by XML Schema. 'false' and 'true' options are obsolete 
%%    (i.e. they may be removed in a future release), if used 'false' 
%%    equals 'off' and 'true' equals 'dtd'.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{schemaLocation, [{Namespace,Link}|...]}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Tells explicitly which XML Schema documents to use to validate 
%%    the XML document. Used together with the 
%%    <code>{validation,schema}</code> option.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{quiet, Flag}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Set to 'true' if xmerl should behave quietly and not output any 
%%    information to standard output (default 'false').</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{doctype_DTD, DTD}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Allows to specify DTD name when it isn't available in the XML
%%    document. This option has effect only together with
%%    <code>{validation,'dtd'</code> option.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{xmlbase, Dir}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>XML Base directory. If using string/1 default is current directory.
%%    If using file/1 default is directory of given file.</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{encoding, Enc}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Set default character set used (default UTF-8).
%%    This character set is used only if not explicitly given by the XML
%%    declaration. </dd>
%%  <dt><code>{document, Flag}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Set to 'true' if xmerl should return a complete XML document
%%    as an xmlDocument record (default 'false').</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{comments, Flag}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Set to 'false' if xmerl should skip comments otherwise they will
%%    be returned as xmlComment records (default 'true').</dd>
%%  <dt><code>{default_attrs, Flag}</code></dt>
%%    <dd>Set to 'true' if xmerl should add to elements missing attributes
%%    with a defined default value (default 'false').</dd>
%% </dl>
%% @type document() = xmlElement() | xmlDocument(). <p>
%% The document returned by <tt>xmerl_scan:string/[1,2]</tt> and
%% <tt>xmerl_scan:file/[1,2]</tt>. The type of the returned record depends on
%% the value of the document option passed to the function.
%% </p>


-module(xmerl_scan).
-vsn('0.20').
-date('03-09-16').

%% main API
-export([string/1, string/2,
	 file/1, file/2]).

%% access functions for various states
-export([user_state/1, user_state/2,
	 event_state/1, event_state/2,
	 hook_state/1, hook_state/2,
	 rules_state/1, rules_state/2,
	 fetch_state/1, fetch_state/2,
	 cont_state/1, cont_state/2]).

%% helper functions. To xmerl_lib ??
-export([accumulate_whitespace/4]).

%-define(debug, 1).
-include("xmerl.hrl").		% record def, macros
-include("xmerl_internal.hrl").
-include_lib("kernel/include/file.hrl").


-define(fatal(Reason, S),
	if
	    S#xmerl_scanner.quiet ->
		ok;
	    true ->
		ok=io:format("~p- fatal: ~p~n", [?LINE, Reason])
	end,
	fatal(Reason, S)).


-define(ustate(U, S), S#xmerl_scanner{user_state = U}).


%% Functions to access the various states

%%% @spec user_state(S::global_state()) -> global_state()
%%% @equiv user_state(UserState,S)
user_state(#xmerl_scanner{user_state = S}) -> S.

%%% @spec event_state(S::global_state()) -> global_state()
%%% @equiv event_state(EventState,S)
event_state(#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = #xmerl_fun_states{event = S}}) -> S.

%%% @spec hook_state(S::global_state()) -> global_state()
%%% @equiv hook_state(HookState,S)
hook_state(#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = #xmerl_fun_states{hook = S}}) -> S.

%%% @spec rules_state(S::global_state()) -> global_state()
%%% @equiv rules_state(RulesState,S)
rules_state(#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = #xmerl_fun_states{rules = S}}) -> S.

%%% @spec fetch_state(S::global_state()) -> global_state()
%%% @equiv fetch_state(FetchState,S)
fetch_state(#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = #xmerl_fun_states{fetch = S}}) -> S.

%%% @spec cont_state(S::global_state()) -> global_state()
%%% @equiv cont_state(ContinuationState,S)
cont_state(#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = #xmerl_fun_states{cont = S}}) -> S.


%%%% Functions to modify the various states

%%% @spec user_state(UserState, S::global_state()) -> global_state()
%%% @doc For controlling the UserState, to be used in a user function.
%%% See <a href="xmerl_examples.html">tutorial</a> on customization functions.
user_state(X, S) ->
    S#xmerl_scanner{user_state = X}.

%%% @spec event_state(EventState, S::global_state()) -> global_state()
%%% @doc For controlling the EventState, to be used in an event
%%% function, and called at the beginning and at the end of a parsed entity.
%%% See <a href="xmerl_examples.html">tutorial</a> on customization functions.
event_state(X, S=#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = FS}) ->
    FS1 = FS#xmerl_fun_states{event = X},
    S#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = FS1}.

%%% @spec hook_state(HookState, S::global_state()) -> global_state()
%%% @doc For controlling the HookState, to be used in a hook
%%% function, and called when the parser has parsed a complete entity.
%%% See <a href="xmerl_examples.html">tutorial</a> on customization functions.
hook_state(X, S=#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = FS}) ->
    FS1 = FS#xmerl_fun_states{hook = X},
    S#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = FS1}.

%%% @spec rules_state(RulesState, S::global_state()) -> global_state()
%%% @doc For controlling the RulesState, to be used in a rules
%%% function, and called when the parser store scanner information in a rules
%%% database.
%%% See <a href="xmerl_examples.html">tutorial</a> on customization functions.
rules_state(X, S=#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = FS}) ->
    FS1 = FS#xmerl_fun_states{rules = X},
    S#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = FS1}.

%%% @spec fetch_state(FetchState, S::global_state()) -> global_state()
%%% @doc For controlling the FetchState, to be used in a fetch
%%% function, and called when the parser fetch an external resource (eg. a DTD).
%%% See <a href="xmerl_examples.html">tutorial</a> on customization functions.
fetch_state(X, S=#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = FS}) ->
    FS1 = FS#xmerl_fun_states{fetch = X},
    S#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = FS1}.

%%% @spec cont_state(ContinuationState, S::global_state()) -> global_state()
%%% @doc For controlling the ContinuationState, to be used in a continuation
%%% function, and called when the parser encounters the end of the byte stream.
%%% See <a href="xmerl_examples.html">tutorial</a> on customization functions.
cont_state(X, S=#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = FS}) ->
    FS1 = FS#xmerl_fun_states{cont = X},
    S#xmerl_scanner{fun_states = FS1}.


%% @spec file(Filename::string()) -> {xmlElement(),Rest}
%%   Rest = list()
%% @equiv file(Filename, [])
file(F) ->
    file(F, []).

%% @spec file(Filename::string(), Options::option_list()) -> {document(),Rest}
%%   Rest = list()
%%% @doc Parse file containing an XML document
file(F, Options) ->
    ExtCharset=case lists:keysearch(encoding,1,Options) of
		   {value,{_,Val}} -> Val;
		   false -> undefined
	       end,
    case int_file(F,Options,ExtCharset) of
	{Res, Tail,S=#xmerl_scanner{close_fun=Close}} ->
	    Close(S), % for side effects only - final state is dropped
	    {Res,Tail};
	{error, Reason} ->
	    {error, Reason}
    end.

int_file(F, Options,_ExtCharset) ->
     %%io:format("int_file F=~p~n",[F]),
    case file:read_file(F) of
	{ok, Bin} ->
	    int_string(binary_to_list(Bin), Options, filename:dirname(F),F);
	Error ->
	    Error
    end.

int_file_decl(F, Options,_ExtCharset) ->
%     io:format("int_file_decl F=~p~n",[F]),
    case file:read_file(F) of
	{ok, Bin} ->
	    int_string_decl(binary_to_list(Bin), Options, filename:dirname(F),F);
	Error ->
	    Error
    end.

%% @spec string(Text::list()) -> {xmlElement(),Rest}
%%   Rest = list()
%% @equiv string(Test, [])
string(Str) ->  
    string(Str, []).

%% @spec string(Text::list(),Options::option_list()) -> {document(),Rest}
%%   Rest = list()
%%% @doc Parse string containing an XML document
string(Str, Options) ->
     {Res, Tail, S=#xmerl_scanner{close_fun = Close}} =
	int_string(Str, Options,file_name_unknown),
    Close(S),    % for side effects only - final state is dropped
    {Res,Tail}.

int_string(Str, Options,FileName) ->
    {ok,  XMLBase} = file:get_cwd(),
    int_string(Str, Options, XMLBase, FileName).

int_string(Str, Options, XMLBase, FileName) ->
    S0=initial_state0(Options,XMLBase),
    S = S0#xmerl_scanner{filename=FileName},
    %%io:format("int_string1, calling xmerl_lib:detect_charset~n",[]),

    %% In case of no encoding attribute in document utf-8 is default, but
    %% another character set may be detected with help of Byte Order Marker or
    %% with help of the encoding of the first 4 bytes.
    case xmerl_lib:detect_charset(S#xmerl_scanner.encoding,Str) of
	{auto,'iso-10646-utf-1',Str2} ->
	    scan_document(Str2, S#xmerl_scanner{encoding="iso-10646-utf-1"});
	{external,'iso-10646-utf-1',Str2} ->
	    scan_document(Str2, S#xmerl_scanner{encoding="iso-10646-utf-1"});
	{undefined,undefined,Str2} -> %% no auto detection
	    scan_document(Str2, S);
	{external,ExtCharset,Str2} -> 
	    %% no auto detection, ExtCharset is an explicitly provided
	    %% 7 bit,8 bit or utf-8 encoding
	    scan_document(Str2, S#xmerl_scanner{encoding=atom_to_list(ExtCharset)})
    end.

int_string_decl(Str, Options, XMLBase, FileName) ->
    S0=initial_state0(Options,XMLBase),
    S = S0#xmerl_scanner{filename=FileName},
    case xmerl_lib:detect_charset(S#xmerl_scanner.encoding,Str) of
	{auto,'iso-10646-utf-1',Str2} ->
	    scan_decl(Str2, S#xmerl_scanner{encoding="iso-10646-utf-1"});
	{external,'iso-10646-utf-1',Str2} ->
	    scan_decl(Str2, S#xmerl_scanner{encoding="iso-10646-utf-1"});
	{undefined,undefined,Str2} ->
	    scan_decl(Str2, S);
	{external,ExtCharset,Str2} ->
	    scan_decl(Str2, S#xmerl_scanner{encoding=atom_to_list(ExtCharset)})
    end.
    


initial_state0(Options,XMLBase) ->
    CommonData = common_data(),
    initial_state(Options, #xmerl_scanner{
		    event_fun = fun event/2,
		    hook_fun = fun hook/2,
		    acc_fun = fun acc/3,
		    fetch_fun = fun fetch/2,
		    close_fun = fun close/1,
		    continuation_fun = fun cont/3,
		    rules_read_fun = fun rules_read/3,
		    rules_write_fun = fun rules_write/4,
		    rules_delete_fun= fun rules_delete/3,
		    xmlbase = XMLBase,
                    common_data = CommonData
		   }).

initial_state([{event_fun, F}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{event_fun = F});
initial_state([{event_fun, F, ES}|T], S) ->
    S1 = event_state(ES, S#xmerl_scanner{event_fun = F}),
    initial_state(T, S1);
initial_state([{acc_fun, F}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{acc_fun = F});
initial_state([{hook_fun, F}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{hook_fun = F});
initial_state([{hook_fun, F, HS}|T], S) ->
    S1 = hook_state(HS, S#xmerl_scanner{hook_fun = F}),
    initial_state(T, S1);
initial_state([{close_fun, F}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{close_fun = F});
initial_state([{fetch_fun, F}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{fetch_fun = F});
initial_state([{fetch_fun, F, FS}|T], S) ->
    S1 = fetch_state(FS, S#xmerl_scanner{fetch_fun = F}),
    initial_state(T, S1);
initial_state([{fetch_path, P}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{fetch_path = P});
initial_state([{continuation_fun, F}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F});
initial_state([{continuation_fun, F, CS}|T], S) ->
    S1 = cont_state(CS, S#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}),
    initial_state(T, S1);
initial_state([{rules, R}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{rules = R,
				     keep_rules = true});
initial_state([{rules, Read, Write, RS}|T], S) ->
    S1 = rules_state(RS, S#xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun = Read,
					 rules_write_fun = Write,
					 keep_rules = true}),
    initial_state(T, S1);
initial_state([{user_state, F}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{user_state = F});
initial_state([{space, L}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{space = L});
initial_state([{line, L}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{line = L});
initial_state([{namespace_conformant, F}|T], S) when F==true; F==false ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{namespace_conformant = F});
initial_state([{validation, F}|T], S) 
  when F==off; F==dtd; F==schema; F==true; F==false ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{validation = validation_value(F)});
initial_state([{schemaLocation, SL}|T], S) when is_list(SL) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{schemaLocation=SL});
initial_state([{quiet, F}|T], S) when F==true; F==false ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{quiet = F});
initial_state([{doctype_DTD,DTD}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T,S#xmerl_scanner{doctype_DTD = DTD});
initial_state([{document, F}|T], S) when is_boolean(F) ->
    initial_state(T,S#xmerl_scanner{document = F});
initial_state([{comments, F}|T], S) when is_boolean(F) ->
    initial_state(T,S#xmerl_scanner{comments = F});
initial_state([{default_attrs, F}|T], S) when is_boolean(F) ->
    initial_state(T,S#xmerl_scanner{default_attrs = F});
initial_state([{text_decl,Bool}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T,S#xmerl_scanner{text_decl=Bool});
initial_state([{environment,Env}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T,S#xmerl_scanner{environment=Env});
initial_state([{xmlbase, D}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{xmlbase = D});
initial_state([{encoding, Enc}|T], S) ->
    initial_state(T, S#xmerl_scanner{encoding = Enc});
initial_state([], S=#xmerl_scanner{rules = undefined}) ->
    Tab = ets:new(rules, [set, public]),
    S#xmerl_scanner{rules = Tab};
initial_state([], S) ->
    S.

validation_value(true) ->
    dtd;
validation_value(false) ->
    off;
validation_value(F) ->
    F.

%% Used for compacting (some) indentations. 
%% See also fast_accumulate_whitespace().
common_data() ->
    {comdata(lists:duplicate(60, $\s), []),
     comdata(lists:duplicate(15, $\t), []),
     "\n"}.

comdata([], CD)->
    list_to_tuple(CD);
comdata([_ | T]=L, CD) ->
    comdata(T, [[$\n | L] | CD]).

%%% -----------------------------------------------------
%%% Default modifier functions

%%% Hooks:
%%% - {element, Line, Name, Attrs, Content}
%%% - {processing_instruction, Line, Data}

hook(X, State) ->
    {X, State}.

%%% Events:
%%%
%%% #xmerl_event{event : started | ended,
%%%              line  : integer(),
%%%		 col   : integer(),
%%%              data}
%%%
%%% Data		Events
%%% document		started, ended
%%% #xmlElement		started, ended
%%% #xmlAttribute	ended
%%% #xmlPI		ended
%%% #xmlComment		ended
%%% #xmlText		ended
event(_X, S) ->
    S.

%% The acc/3 function can return either {Acc�, S'} or {Acc', Pos', S'},
%% where Pos' can be derived from X#xmlElement.pos, X#xmlText.pos, or
%% X#xmlAttribute.pos (whichever is the current object type.)
%% The acc/3 function is not allowed to redefine the type of object
%% being defined, but _is_ allowed to either ignore it or split it 
%% into multiple objects (in which case {Acc',Pos',S'} should be returned.)
%% If {Acc',S'} is returned, Pos will be incremented by 1 by default.
%% Below is an example of an acceptable operation
acc(X = #xmlText{value = Text}, Acc, S) ->
    {[X#xmlText{value = Text}|Acc], S};
acc(X, Acc, S) ->
    {[X|Acc], S}.

fetch({system, URI}, S) ->
    fetch_URI(URI, S);
fetch({public, _PublicID, URI}, S) ->
    fetch_URI(URI, S).

%%% Always assume an external resource can be found locally! Thus
%%% don't bother fetching with e.g. HTTP. Returns the path where the
%%% resource is found.  The path to the external resource is given by
%%% URI directly or the option fetch_path (additional paths) or
%%% directory (base path to external resource)
fetch_URI(URI, S) ->
    %% assume URI is a filename
    Split = filename:split(URI),
    Filename = fun([])->[];(X)->lists:last(X) end (Split),
    Fullname = 
	case Split of %% how about Windows systems?
	    ["file:"|Name]-> %% absolute path, see RFC2396 sect 3
		%% file:/dtd_name 
		filename:join(["/"|Name]);
	    ["/"|Rest] when Rest /= [] ->
		%% absolute path name
		URI;
	    ["http:"|_Rest] ->
		{http,URI};
	    [] -> %% empty systemliteral
		[];
	    _ ->
		filename:join(S#xmerl_scanner.xmlbase, URI)
	end,
    Path = path_locate(S#xmerl_scanner.fetch_path, Filename, Fullname),
    ?dbg("fetch(~p) -> {file, ~p}.~n", [URI, Path]),
    {ok, Path, S}.

path_locate(_, _, {http,_}=URI) ->
    URI;
path_locate(_, _, []) ->
    [];
path_locate([Dir|Dirs], FN, FullName) ->
    F = filename:join(Dir, FN),
    case file:read_file_info(F) of
	{ok, #file_info{type = regular}} ->
	    {file,F};
	_ ->
	    path_locate(Dirs, FN, FullName)
    end;
path_locate([], _FN, FullName) ->
    {file,FullName}.


cont(_F, Exception, US) ->
    Exception(US).

close(S) ->
    S.


%%% -----------------------------------------------------
%%% Scanner

%%% [1] document ::= prolog element Misc*
scan_document(Str0, S=#xmerl_scanner{event_fun = Event,
				     line = L, col = C,
				     environment=Env,
				     encoding=Charset,
				     document=Document,
				     validation=ValidateResult}) ->
    S1 = Event(#xmerl_event{event = started,
			    line = L,
			    col = C,
			    data = document}, S),
    
    %% Transform to given character set.
    %% Note that if another character set is given in the encoding 
    %% attribute in a XML declaration that one will be used later
    Str=if
	    Charset == "utf-8" ->
		Str0;
	    Charset =/= undefined -> % Default character set is UTF-8
		xmerl_ucs:to_unicode(Str0, list_to_atom(Charset));
	    true -> %% Charset is undefined if no external input is
                    %% given, and no auto detection of character
                    %% encoding was made.
		Str0
	end,
%%     M1 = erlang:memory(),
%%     io:format("Memory status before prolog: ~p~n",[M1]),
    {Prolog, Pos, T1, S2} = scan_prolog(Str, S1, _StartPos = 1),
%%     M2 = erlang:memory(),
%%     io:format("Memory status after prolog: ~p~n",[M2]),
    %%io:format("scan_document 2, prolog parsed~n",[]),
    T2 = scan_mandatory("<", T1, 1, S2, expected_element_start_tag),
%%     M3 = erlang:memory(),
%%     io:format("Memory status before element: ~p~n",[M3]),
    {Res, T3, S3} = scan_element(T2,S2,Pos),
%%     M4 = erlang:memory(),
%%     io:format("Memory status after element: ~p~n",[M4]),
    {Misc, _Pos1, Tail, S4}=scan_misc(T3, S3, Pos + 1),
%%     M5 = erlang:memory(),
%%     io:format("Memory status after misc: ~p~n",[M5]),
    
    S5 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended,
					       line = S4#xmerl_scanner.line,
					       col = S4#xmerl_scanner.col,
					       data = document}, S4),

    {Res2, S6} = case validation_mode(ValidateResult) of
	     off ->
		 {Res, cleanup(S5)};
	     dtd when Env == element; Env == prolog ->
		 check_decl2(S5),
		 case xmerl_validate:validate(S5, Res) of
		     {'EXIT', {error, Reason}} ->
			 S5b = cleanup(S5),
			 ?fatal({failed_validation, Reason}, S5b);
		     {'EXIT', Reason} ->
			 S5b = cleanup(S5),
			 ?fatal({failed_validation, Reason}, S5b);
		     {error, Reason} ->
			 S5b = cleanup(S5),
			 ?fatal({failed_validation, Reason}, S5b);
		     {error, Reason, _Next} ->
			 S5b = cleanup(S5),
			 ?fatal({failed_validation, Reason}, S5b);
		     _XML ->
			 {Res, cleanup(S5)}
		 end;
	     schema ->
		 case schemaLocations(Res, S5) of
		     {ok, Schemas} ->
			 cleanup(S5),
			 %%io:format("Schemas: ~p~nRes: ~p~ninhertih_options(S): ~p~n",
			 %%          [Schemas,Res,inherit_options(S5)]),
			 XSDRes = xmerl_xsd:process_validate(Schemas, Res,
							     inherit_options(S5)),
			 handle_schema_result(XSDRes, S5);
		     _ ->
			 {Res, cleanup(S5)}
		 end;
	     _ ->
		 {Res, cleanup(S5)}
	 end,

    Res3 =
	case Document of
	    true ->
		Content = lists:reverse(Prolog, [Res2 | lists:reverse(Misc)]),
		#xmlDocument{content = Content};
	    false ->
		Res2
	end,
    {Res3, Tail, S6}.


scan_decl(Str, S=#xmerl_scanner{event_fun = Event,
				line = L, col = C,
				environment=_Env,
				encoding=_Charset,
				validation=_ValidateResult}) ->
    S1 = Event(#xmerl_event{event = started,
			    line = L,
			    col = C,
			    data = document}, S),
    
    case scan_prolog(Str, S1, _StartPos = 1) of
	{_,_,T2="<"++_, S2} ->
	    {{S2#xmerl_scanner.user_state,T2},[],S2};
	{_,_,[], S2}->
	    {[],[],S2};
	{_,_,T2, S2} ->
	    {_,_,S3} = scan_content(T2,S2,[],_Attrs=[],S2#xmerl_scanner.space,
				    _Lang=[],_Parents=[],#xmlNamespace{}),
	    {T2,[],S3}
    end.


%%% [22] Prolog
%%% prolog    ::=    XMLDecl? Misc* (doctypedecl Misc*)?
%%%
%% empty text declarations are handled by the first function clause.
scan_prolog(T, S, Pos) ->
    scan_prolog(T, S, Pos, []).
scan_prolog([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Pos, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_prolog(MoreBytes, S1, Pos, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> {Acc, Pos, [], S1} end,
      S);
scan_prolog("<?xml"++T,
	    S0=#xmerl_scanner{encoding=Charset0,col=Col,line=L},
	    Pos,Acc) when ?whitespace(hd(T)) ->
    {Charset, T3, S3} =
    if
	Col==1,L==1,S0#xmerl_scanner.text_decl==true -> 
	    ?dbg("prolog(\"<?xml\")~n", []),
	    ?bump_col(5),
	    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
	    {Decl,T2, S2}=scan_text_decl(T1,S1),
	    Encoding=Decl#xmlDecl.encoding,
	    {Encoding, T2, S2#xmerl_scanner{encoding=Encoding}};
	Col==1,L==1 -> 
	    ?dbg("prolog(\"<?xml\")~n", []),
	    ?bump_col(5),
	    {Decl,T2, S2}=scan_xml_decl(T, S),
	    Encoding=Decl#xmlDecl.encoding,
	    {Encoding, T2, S2#xmerl_scanner{encoding=Encoding}};
	true ->
	    ?fatal({xml_declaration_must_be_first_in_doc,Col,L},S0)
    end,
    %% Charset0 is either (1) 'iso-10646-utf-1' (transformation by
    %% auto detection), (2) undefined (no auto detection and no
    %% external encoding), (3) any other encoding format that must be
    %% conformant to the internal explicitly given encoding. The two
    %% former cases implies that the explicit internal encoding
    %% (Charset) may be different from Charset0.

    %% Now transform to declared character set.
    if
	Charset==Charset0 -> % Document already transformed to this charset!
	    scan_prolog(T3, S3, Pos, Acc);
	Charset0=/=undefined ->
	    %% For example may an external entity
	    %% have the BOM for utf-16 and the internal
	    %% explicit encoding='utf-16', then it will be auto
	    %% detected and transformed, Charset0 will be
	    %% 'iso-10646-utf-1', and Charset will be 'utf-16', all
	    %% legal.
	    %%
	    scan_prolog(T3,S3#xmerl_scanner{encoding=Charset0},Pos,Acc);
	Charset == "utf-8" ->
	    scan_prolog(T3, S3, Pos, Acc);
	Charset=/=undefined -> % Document not previously transformed
	    T4=xmerl_ucs:to_unicode(T3,list_to_atom(Charset)),
	    scan_prolog(T4, S3, Pos, Acc);
	true -> % No encoding info given
	    scan_prolog(T3, S3, Pos, Acc)
    end;
scan_prolog("<!DOCTYPE" ++ T,
	    S0=#xmerl_scanner{environment=prolog,encoding=_Charset},
	    Pos, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("prolog(\"<!DOCTYPE\")~n", []),
    ?bump_col(9),
    %% If no known character set assume it is UTF-8
    T1=if
	%%   Charset==undefined -> xmerl_ucs:to_unicode(T,'utf-8');
	   true -> T
       end,
    {T2, S1} = scan_doctype(T1, S),
    scan_misc(T2, S1, Pos, Acc);
scan_prolog(Str="%"++_T,S=#xmerl_scanner{environment={external,_}},
	    Pos,Acc) ->
    {T, S1} = scan_ext_subset(Str,S),
    {Acc, Pos, T, S1};
scan_prolog(Str, S0 = #xmerl_scanner{user_state=_US,encoding=_Charset},
	    Pos,Acc) ->
    ?dbg("prolog(\"<\")~n", []),
    
    %% Check for Comments, PI before possible DOCTYPE declaration
    ?bump_col(1),
    %% If no known character set assume it is UTF-8
    T=if
%%	  Charset==undefined -> xmerl_ucs:to_unicode(Str,'utf-8');
	  true -> Str
      end,
    {Acc1, Pos1, T1, S1}=scan_misc(T, S, Pos, Acc),
    scan_prolog2(T1,S1,Pos1,Acc1).



scan_prolog2([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Pos, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_prolog2(MoreBytes, S1, Pos, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> {Acc, Pos, [], S1} end,
      S);
scan_prolog2("<!DOCTYPE" ++ T, S0=#xmerl_scanner{environment=prolog},
	     Pos, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("prolog(\"<!DOCTYPE\")~n", []),
    ?bump_col(9),
    {T1, S1} = scan_doctype(T, S),
    scan_misc(T1, S1, Pos, Acc);
scan_prolog2(Str = "<!" ++ _, S, Pos, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("prolog(\"<!\")~n", []),
    %% In e.g. a DTD, we jump directly to markup declarations
    {T, S1} = scan_ext_subset(Str, S),
    {Acc, Pos, T, S1};
scan_prolog2(Str, S0 = #xmerl_scanner{user_state=_US},Pos,Acc) ->
    ?dbg("prolog(\"<\")~n", []),
    
    %% Here we consider the DTD provided by doctype_DTD option,
    S1 =
	case S0 of
	    #xmerl_scanner{validation=dtd,doctype_DTD=DTD} when is_list(DTD) ->
		S=fetch_DTD(undefined,S0),
		check_decl(S),
		S;
	    _ -> S0
	end,
    %% Check for more Comments and PI after DOCTYPE declaration
%    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_misc(Str, S1, Pos, Acc).




%%% [27] Misc ::=   	Comment | PI | S
%% Note:
%% - Neither of Comment and PI are returned in the resulting parsed
%%   structure.
%% - scan_misc/3 implements Misc* as that is how the rule is always used
scan_misc(T, S, Pos) ->
    scan_misc(T, S, Pos, []).
scan_misc([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Pos, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_misc(MoreBytes, S1, Pos, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> {Acc, Pos, [], S1} end,
      S);
scan_misc("<!--" ++ T, S0=#xmerl_scanner{acc_fun = F, comments=CF}, Pos, Acc) -> % Comment
    ?bump_col(4),
    {C, T1, S1} = scan_comment(T, S, Pos, _Parents = [], _Lang = []),
    case CF of
	true ->
	    {Acc2, Pos2, S3} = 
		case F(C, Acc, S1) of
		    {Acc1, S2} ->
			{Acc1, Pos + 1, S2};
		    {Acc1, Pos1, S2} ->
			{Acc1, Pos1, S2}
		end,
	    scan_misc(T1, S3, Pos2, Acc2);
	false ->
	    scan_misc(T1, S1, Pos, Acc)
    end;
scan_misc("<?" ++ T, S0=#xmerl_scanner{acc_fun = F}, Pos, Acc) -> % PI
    ?dbg("prolog(\"<?\")~n", []),
    ?bump_col(2),
    {PI, T1, S1} = scan_pi(T, S, Pos, []),
    {Acc2, Pos2, S3} = case F(PI, Acc, S1) of
			   {Acc1, S2} ->
			       {Acc1, Pos + 1, S2};
			   {Acc1, Pos1, S2} ->
			       {Acc1, Pos1, S2}
		       end,
    scan_misc(T1,S3,Pos2,Acc2);
scan_misc(T=[H|_T], S, Pos, Acc) when ?whitespace(H) ->
    ?dbg("prolog(whitespace)~n", []),
    {_,T1,S1}=strip(T,S),
    scan_misc(T1,S1,Pos,Acc);
scan_misc(T,S,Pos,Acc) ->
    {Acc,Pos,T,S}.


cleanup(S=#xmerl_scanner{keep_rules = false,
			 rules = Rules}) ->
    ets:delete(Rules),
    S#xmerl_scanner{rules = undefined};
cleanup(S) ->
    S.

%%% Prolog and Document Type Declaration XML 1.0 Section 2.8
%% [23] XMLDecl ::= '<?xml' VersionInfo EncodingDecl? SDDecl? S? '?>'
%% [24] VersionInfo ::= S 'version' Eq ("'" VersionNum "'" | '"' VersionNum '"')
scan_xml_decl(T, S) ->
    %% VersionInfo [24] is mandatory
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {T2,S2} =
	case T1 of
	    "version" ++ _T2 -> 
		{_T2,S1#xmerl_scanner{col=S1#xmerl_scanner.col+7}};
	    _ -> ?fatal(expected_version_attribute,S1)
	end,
    {T3, S3} = scan_eq(T2, S2),
    {Vsn, T4, S4} = scan_xml_vsn(T3, S3),
    Attr = #xmlAttribute{name = version,
			 parents = [{xml, _XMLPos = 1}],
			 value = Vsn},
    scan_xml_decl(T4, S4, #xmlDecl{vsn = Vsn,
				   attributes = [Attr]}).

scan_xml_decl([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Decl) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_xml_decl(MoreBytes, S1, Decl) end,
      fun(S1) -> {[], [], S1} end,
      S);
scan_xml_decl("?>" ++ T, S0, Decl) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    return_xml_decl(T,S,Decl);
scan_xml_decl(T,S=#xmerl_scanner{event_fun = _Event},Decl) when ?whitespace(hd(T)) ->
    {_,T1,S1}=mandatory_strip(T,S),
    scan_xml_decl2(T1,S1,Decl);
scan_xml_decl(_T,S=#xmerl_scanner{event_fun = _Event},_Decl) ->
    ?fatal(preformat([expected,one,'of:'],['?>',whitespace_character],","),S).

scan_xml_decl2("?>" ++ T, S0,Decl) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    return_xml_decl(T,S,Decl);
scan_xml_decl2("encoding" ++ T, S0 = #xmerl_scanner{event_fun = Event},
	      Decl0 = #xmlDecl{attributes = Attrs}) ->
    %% [80] EncodingDecl
    ?bump_col(8),
    {T1, S1} = scan_eq(T, S),
    {EncName, T2, S2} = scan_enc_name(T1, S1),
    LowEncName=xmerl_lib:to_lower(EncName),
    Attr = #xmlAttribute{name = encoding,
			 parents = [{xml, _XMLPos = 1}],
			 value = LowEncName},
    Decl = Decl0#xmlDecl{encoding = LowEncName,
			 attributes = [Attr|Attrs]},
    S3 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended, 
					       line = S0#xmerl_scanner.line, 
					       col = S0#xmerl_scanner.col,
					       data = Attr}, S2),
    case T2 of
	"?>" ++ _T3 ->
	    scan_xml_decl3(T2,S3,Decl);
	_ ->
	    {_,T3,S4} = mandatory_strip(T2,S3),
	    scan_xml_decl3(T3, S4, Decl)
    end;
scan_xml_decl2(T="standalone" ++ _T,S,Decl) ->
    scan_xml_decl3(T,S,Decl);
scan_xml_decl2(_BadString,S,_Decl) ->
        ?fatal(preformat([expected,one,'of:'],['?>',standalone,encoding],","),S).
%    ?fatal(lists:flatten(io_lib:format("~s ~s ~s: ~s, ~s, ~s",[expected,one,'of','?>',standalone,encoding])),S).
%    ?fatal({expected_one_of,"?>",standalone,encoding},S).

scan_xml_decl3("?>" ++ T, S0,Decl) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    return_xml_decl(T,S,Decl);
scan_xml_decl3("standalone" ++ T,S0 = #xmerl_scanner{event_fun = Event},
	      Decl0 = #xmlDecl{attributes = Attrs}) ->
    %% [32] SDDecl 
    ?bump_col(10),
    {T1, S1} = scan_eq(T, S),
    {StValue,T2,S2}=scan_standalone_value(T1,S1),
    Attr = #xmlAttribute{name = standalone,
			 parents = [{xml, _XMLPos = 1}],
			 value = StValue},
    Decl = Decl0#xmlDecl{standalone = StValue,
			 attributes = [Attr|Attrs]},
    S3 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended, 
					       line = S0#xmerl_scanner.line, 
					       col = S0#xmerl_scanner.col,
					       data = Attr}, S2),
    {_,T3,S4} = strip(T2,S3),
    T4 = scan_mandatory("?>",T3,2,S4,expected_xml_decl_endtag),
%%    "?>" ++ T4 = T3,
    return_xml_decl(T4, S4#xmerl_scanner{col=S4#xmerl_scanner.col+2}, Decl).


return_xml_decl(T,S=#xmerl_scanner{hook_fun = _Hook,
				   event_fun = Event},
		Decl0 = #xmlDecl{attributes = Attrs}) ->
    ?strip1,
    Decl = Decl0#xmlDecl{attributes = lists:reverse(Attrs)},
    S2 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended,
					       line = S#xmerl_scanner.line,
					       col = S#xmerl_scanner.col,
					       data = Decl}, S1),
%%    {Ret, S3} = Hook(Decl, S2),
%%    {Ret, T1, S3}.
    {Decl, T1, S2}.
    

scan_standalone_value("'yes'" ++T,S0)->
    ?bump_col(5),
    {'yes',T,S#xmerl_scanner{standalone=yes}};
scan_standalone_value("\"yes\"" ++T,S0)->
    ?bump_col(5),
    {'yes',T,S#xmerl_scanner{standalone=yes}};
scan_standalone_value("'no'" ++T,S0) ->
    ?bump_col(4),
    {'no',T,S};
scan_standalone_value("\"no\"" ++T,S0) ->
    ?bump_col(4),
    {'no',T,S}.

%%%
%%% Text declaration XML 1.0 section 4.3.1
%%% [77] TextDecl  ::= '<?xml' VersionInfo? EncodingDecl S? '?>'
scan_text_decl(T,S=#xmerl_scanner{event_fun = Event}) ->
    {#xmlDecl{attributes=Attrs}=Decl0,T1,S1} = scan_optional_version(T,S),
    T2 =
	case T1 of
	    "encoding" ++ _T2 -> _T2;
	    _ ->
		?fatal(expected_encoding_attribute,S1)
        end,
    S2 = S1#xmerl_scanner{col = S1#xmerl_scanner.col + 8},
    {T3, S3} = scan_eq(T2, S2),
    {EncName, T4, S4} = scan_enc_name(T3, S3),
    LowEncName=xmerl_lib:to_lower(EncName),
    ?strip5,
    Attr = #xmlAttribute{name = encoding,
			 parents = [{xml,1}],
			 value = LowEncName},
    Decl = Decl0#xmlDecl{encoding = LowEncName,
 			 attributes = [Attr|Attrs]},
    S6=#xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended,
					     line = S5#xmerl_scanner.line,
					     col = S5#xmerl_scanner.col,
					     data = Attr}, S5),
    scan_text_decl(T5,S6,Decl).

scan_text_decl("?>"++T,S0 = #xmerl_scanner{hook_fun = _Hook,
					   event_fun = Event}, 
	       Decl0 = #xmlDecl{attributes = Attrs}) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    ?strip1,
    Decl = Decl0#xmlDecl{attributes = lists:reverse(Attrs)},
    S2 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended,
					       line = S0#xmerl_scanner.line,
					       col = S0#xmerl_scanner.col,
					       data = Decl}, S1),
%%     {Ret, S3} = Hook(Decl, S2),
%%     {Ret, T1, S3};
    {Decl, T1, S2};
scan_text_decl([H|_T],S,_) ->
    ?fatal({unexpected_character_in_text_declaration,H},S).

scan_optional_version("version"++T,S0) ->
    ?bump_col(7),
    ?strip1,
    {T2, S2} = scan_eq(T1, S1),
    {Vsn, T3, S3} = scan_xml_vsn(T2, S2),
    {_,T4,S4} = mandatory_strip(T3,S3),
    Attr = #xmlAttribute{name = version,parents = [{xml,1}],value = Vsn},
    {#xmlDecl{attributes=[Attr]},T4,S4};
scan_optional_version(T,S) ->
    {#xmlDecl{attributes=[]},T,S}.
    


%%%%%%% [81] EncName
scan_enc_name([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_enc_name(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(expected_encoding_name, S1) end,
      S);
scan_enc_name([H|T], S0) when H >= $"; H =< $' -> 
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_enc_name(T, S, H, []).


scan_enc_name([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Delim, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_enc_name(MoreBytes, S1, Delim, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(expected_encoding_name, S1) end,
      S);
scan_enc_name([H|T], S0, Delim, Acc) when H >= $a, H =< $z ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_enc_name2(T, S, Delim, [H|Acc]);
scan_enc_name([H|T], S0, Delim, Acc) when H >= $A, H =< $Z ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_enc_name2(T, S, Delim, [H|Acc]);
scan_enc_name([H|_T],S,_Delim,_Acc) ->
    ?fatal({error,{unexpected_character_in_Enc_Name,H}},S).

scan_enc_name2([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Delim, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_enc_name2(MoreBytes, S1, Delim, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(expected_encoding_name, S1) end,
      S);
scan_enc_name2([H|T], S0, H, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {lists:reverse(Acc), T, S};
scan_enc_name2([H|T], S0, Delim, Acc) when H >= $a, H =< $z ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_enc_name2(T, S, Delim, [H|Acc]);
scan_enc_name2([H|T], S0, Delim, Acc) when H >= $A, H =< $Z ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_enc_name2(T, S, Delim, [H|Acc]);
scan_enc_name2([H|T], S0, Delim, Acc) when H >= $0, H =< $9 ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_enc_name2(T, S, Delim, [H|Acc]);
scan_enc_name2([H|T], S0, Delim, Acc) when H == $.; H == $_; H == $- ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_enc_name2(T, S, Delim, [H|Acc]).


%%%%%%% [26] VersionNum
%%% VersionNum    ::=    ([a-zA-Z0-9_.:] | '-')+
scan_xml_vsn([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_xml_vsn(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_xml_vsn([H|T], S) when H==$"; H==$'->
    xml_vsn(T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = S#xmerl_scanner.col+1}, H, []).

xml_vsn([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Delim, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> xml_vsn(MoreBytes, S1, Delim, Acc) end, 
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
xml_vsn([H|T], S=#xmerl_scanner{col = C}, H, Acc) ->
    {lists:reverse(Acc), T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = C+1}};
xml_vsn([H|T], S=#xmerl_scanner{col = C},Delim, Acc) when H >= $a, H =< $z ->
    xml_vsn(T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = C+1}, Delim, [H|Acc]);
xml_vsn([H|T], S=#xmerl_scanner{col = C},Delim, Acc) when H >= $A, H =< $Z ->
    xml_vsn(T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = C+1}, Delim, [H|Acc]);
xml_vsn([H|T], S=#xmerl_scanner{col = C},Delim, Acc) when H >= $0, H =< $9 ->
    xml_vsn(T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = C+1}, Delim, [H|Acc]);
xml_vsn([H|T], S=#xmerl_scanner{col = C}, Delim, Acc) ->
    case lists:member(H, "_.:-") of
	true ->
	    xml_vsn(T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = C+1}, Delim, [H|Acc]);
	false ->
	    ?fatal({invalid_vsn_char, H}, S)
    end.

%%%%%%% [16] PI ::= '<?' PITarget (S (Char* - (Char* '?>' Char*)))? '?>'

scan_pi([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Pos, Ps) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_pi(MoreBytes, S1, Pos, Ps) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_pi(Str = [H1,H2,H3 | T],S0=#xmerl_scanner{line = L, col = C}, Pos, Ps)
  when H1==$x;H1==$X ->
    %% names beginning with [xX][mM][lL] are reserved for future use.
    ?bump_col(3),
    if 
	((H2==$m) or (H2==$M)) and
	((H3==$l) or (H3==$L)) ->
	    scan_wellknown_pi(T,S,Pos,Ps);
	true ->
	    {Target, _NamespaceInfo, T1, S1} = scan_name(Str, S),
	    scan_pi(T1, S1, Target, L, C, Pos, Ps, [])
    end;
scan_pi(Str, S=#xmerl_scanner{line = L, col = C}, Pos, Ps) ->
    {Target, _NamespaceInfo, T1, S1} = scan_name(Str, S),
    scan_pi(T1, S1, Target, L, C, Pos, Ps, []).


%%% More info on xml-stylesheet can be found at:
%%%   "Associating Style Sheets with XML documents", Version 1.0,
%%%   W3C Recommendation 29 June 1999 (http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-stylesheet/)
scan_wellknown_pi("-stylesheet"++T, S0=#xmerl_scanner{line=L,col=C},Pos,Ps) ->
    ?dbg("prolog(\"<?xml-stylesheet\")~n", []),
    ?bump_col(16),
    scan_pi(T, S, "xml-stylesheet",L,C,Pos,Ps,[]);
scan_wellknown_pi(Str,S,_Pos,_Ps) ->
    ?fatal({invalid_target_name, lists:sublist(Str, 1, 10)}, S).



scan_pi([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Target,
	L, C, Pos, Ps, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_pi(MoreBytes, S1, Target,
				    L, C, Pos, Ps, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_pi("?>" ++ T, S0 = #xmerl_scanner{hook_fun = Hook,
				       event_fun = Event}, 
	Target, L, C, Pos, Ps, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    PI = #xmlPI{name = Target,
		parents = Ps,
		pos = Pos,
		value = lists:reverse(Acc)},
    S1 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended,
					       line = L,
					       col = C,
					       data = PI}, S),
    {Ret, S2} = Hook(PI, S1),
    {Ret, T, S2};
scan_pi([H|T], S, Target, L, C, Pos, Ps, Acc) when ?whitespace(H) ->
    ?strip1,
    scan_pi2(T1, S1, Target, L, C, Pos, Ps, Acc);
scan_pi([H|_T],S,_Target, _L, _C, _Pos, _Ps, _Acc) ->
    ?fatal({expected_whitespace_OR_end_of_PI,{char,H}}, S).

scan_pi2([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Target,
	 L, C, Pos, Ps, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_pi2(MoreBytes, S1, Target,
				     L, C, Pos, Ps, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_pi2("?>" ++ T, S0 = #xmerl_scanner{hook_fun = Hook,
				       event_fun = Event}, 
	 Target, L, C, Pos, Ps, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    PI = #xmlPI{name = Target,
		parents = Ps,
		pos = Pos,
		value = lists:reverse(Acc)},
    S1 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended,
					       line = L,
					       col = C,
					       data = PI}, S),
    {Ret, S2} = Hook(PI, S1),
    {Ret, T, S2};
scan_pi2(Str, S0, Target, L, C, Pos, Ps, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {Ch,T} = wfc_legal_char(Str,S),
    scan_pi2(T, S, Target, L, C, Pos, Ps, [Ch|Acc]).



%% [28] doctypedecl ::= 
%%   '<!DOCTYPE' S Name (S ExternalID)? S? ('[' intSubset ']' S?)? '>'
scan_doctype([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_doctype(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_doctype(T, S) ->
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {DTName, _NamespaceInfo, T2, S2} = scan_name(T1, S1),
    ?strip3,
    scan_doctype1(T3, S3#xmerl_scanner{doctype_name =  DTName}).


%% [75] ExternalID ::= 'SYSTEM' S SystemLiteral
%%		     | 'PUBLIC' S PubidLiteral S SystemLiteral
scan_doctype1([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_doctype1(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_doctype1("PUBLIC" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(6),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {PIDL, T2, S2} = scan_pubid_literal(T1, S1),
    {_,T3,S3} = mandatory_strip(T2,S2),
    {SL, T4, S4} = scan_system_literal(T3, S3),
    ?strip5,
    scan_doctype2(T5, S5, {public, PIDL, SL});
scan_doctype1("SYSTEM" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(6),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {SL, T2, S2} = scan_system_literal(T1, S1),
    ?strip3,
    scan_doctype2(T3, S3, {system, SL});
scan_doctype1(T, S) ->
    scan_doctype2(T, S, undefined).


scan_doctype2([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F},DTD) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_doctype2(MoreBytes, S1, DTD) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_doctype2("[" ++ T, S0, DTD) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    ?strip1,
    scan_doctype3(T1, S1, DTD);
scan_doctype2(">" ++ T, S0, DTD) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    ?strip1,
    S2 = fetch_DTD(DTD, S1),
    check_decl(S2),
    {T1, S2};
scan_doctype2(_T,S,_DTD) ->
    ?fatal(expected_end_of_DOCTYPE_declaration, S).

%% [28a] DeclSep   ::= PEReference | S
%% [28b] intSubset ::= (markupdecl | DeclSep)*
scan_doctype3([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F},DTD) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_doctype3(MoreBytes, S1,DTD) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_doctype3("%" ++ T, S0, DTD) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
    ?strip2,
    case expand_pe_reference(PERefName, S2,as_PE) of
	{system, _} = Name ->
	    S3 = fetch_DTD(Name, S2),
	    check_decl(S3),
	    scan_doctype3(T2, S3, DTD);
	{public, _} = Name ->
	    S3 = fetch_DTD(Name, S2),
	    check_decl(S3),
	    scan_doctype3(T2, S3, DTD);
	{public, _, _} = Name ->
	    S3 = fetch_DTD(Name, S2),
	    check_decl(S3),
	    scan_doctype3(T2, S3, DTD);
	ExpRef when is_list(ExpRef) -> % Space added, see Section 4.4.8
	    {_,T3,S3} = strip(ExpRef++T2,S2),
	    scan_doctype3(T3,S3,DTD)
    end;
scan_doctype3("]" ++ T, S0, DTD) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    ?strip1,
    S2 = fetch_DTD(DTD, S1),
    check_decl(S2),
    T2 = scan_mandatory(">",T1,1,S2,expected_doctype_end_tag),
%%    ">" ++ T2 = T1,
    {T2, S2};
scan_doctype3(T, S, DTD) ->
    {_, T1, S1} = scan_markup_decl(T, S),
    scan_doctype3(T1, S1, DTD).



fetch_DTD(undefined, S=#xmerl_scanner{doctype_DTD=URI}) when is_list(URI)->
    %% allow to specify DTD name when it isn't available in xml stream
    fetch_DTD({system,URI},S#xmerl_scanner{doctype_DTD=option_provided});
fetch_DTD(undefined, S) ->
    S;
% fetch_DTD(_,S=#xmerl_scanner{validation=false}) ->
%     S;
fetch_DTD(DTDSpec, S)-> 
    case fetch_and_parse(DTDSpec,S,[{text_decl,true},
				    {environment,{external,subset}}]) of
	NewS when is_record(NewS,xmerl_scanner) ->
	    NewS;
	{_Res,_Tail,_Sx} -> % Continue with old scanner data, result in Rules
	    S
    end.

fetch_and_parse(ExtSpec,S=#xmerl_scanner{fetch_fun=Fetch,
					 rules=Rules,
					 xmlbase = XMLBase},
		Options0) ->
    RetS =
    case Fetch(ExtSpec, S) of
	{ok, NewS} -> 
	    %% For backward compatibility only. This will be removed later!!
	    NewS;
	{ok, not_fetched,NewS} ->
	    NewS;
	{ok, DataRet, NewS = #xmerl_scanner{
			fetch_path=FetchPath,
			user_state = UState,
			event_fun = Event,
			hook_fun = Hook,
			fetch_fun = Fetch1,
			close_fun = Close1,
			continuation_fun = Cont,
			acc_fun = Acc,
			rules_read_fun = Read,
			rules_write_fun = Write,
			validation = Valid,
			quiet = Quiet,
			encoding = Charset
		       }} ->
	    EvS = event_state(NewS),
	    HoS = hook_state(NewS),
	    FeS = fetch_state(NewS),
	    CoS = cont_state(NewS),
	    Options = Options0++[{fetch_path,FetchPath},
				 {user_state, UState},
				 {rules, Rules},
				 {event_fun, Event, EvS},
				 {hook_fun, Hook, HoS},
				 {fetch_fun, Fetch1, FeS},
				 {close_fun, Close1},
				 {continuation_fun, Cont, CoS},
				 {rules, Read, Write, ""},
				 {acc_fun, Acc},
				 {validation,Valid},
				 {quiet,Quiet},
				 {encoding,Charset}],

	    case DataRet of
		{file, F} ->
		    int_file_decl(F, Options,Charset);
		{string, String} ->
		    int_string_decl(String, Options,XMLBase,file_name_unknown);
		 _ ->
		    %% other scheme
		    {DataRet,[],NewS}
	    end;
	Error ->
	    ?fatal({error_fetching_DTD, {ExtSpec, Error}}, S)
    end,
    case RetS of
	#xmerl_scanner{} ->
	    RetS#xmerl_scanner{text_decl=false,
			       environment=S#xmerl_scanner.environment};
	_ -> RetS
    end.


fetch_not_parse(ExtSpec,S=#xmerl_scanner{fetch_fun=Fetch}) ->
    case Fetch(ExtSpec,S) of
	{ok, not_fetched,_NewS} ->
	    ?fatal({error_fetching_external_source,ExtSpec},S);
	{ok, DataRet, NewS} ->
	    {String,LocationName} =
		case DataRet of
		    {file,F} ->	
			{get_file(F,S),F};
		    {string,Str} ->
			{binary_to_list(Str),file_name_unknown};
		    {http,URI} ->
			{{http,URI},URI};
		    _ -> DataRet
		end,
	    {String, NewS#xmerl_scanner{filename=LocationName}};
	 _ ->
	    ?fatal({error_fetching_external_resource,ExtSpec},S)
    end.

get_file(F,S) ->
%     io:format("get_file F=~p~n",[F]),
    case file:read_file(F) of
	{ok,Bin} ->	    
	    binary_to_list(Bin);
	Err ->
	    ?fatal({error_reading_file,F,Err},S)
    end.
%% check_decl/1
%% Now it is necessary to check that all referenced types is declared,
%% since it is legal to reference some xml types before they are
%% declared.
check_decl(#xmerl_scanner{validation=V}) when V =/= dtd ->
    ok;
check_decl(#xmerl_scanner{rules=Tab} = S) ->
    check_notations(Tab,S),
    check_elements(Tab,S), %% check also attribute defs for element
    check_entities(Tab,S).
	    
check_notations(Tab,S) ->
    case ets:match(Tab,{{notation,'$1'},undeclared}) of
	[[]] -> ok;
	[] ->  ok;
	[L] when is_list(L) ->
	    ?fatal({error_missing_declaration_in_DTD,hd(L)},S);
	Err ->
	    ?fatal({error_missing_declaration_in_DTD,Err},S)
    end.

check_elements(Tab,S) ->
    case catch ets:match(Tab,{{elem_def,'_'},'$2'},10) of
	{_,_}=M ->
	    Fun = fun({Match,'$end_of_table'},_F) ->
			  lists:foreach(fun(X)->check_elements2(X,S) end,
					Match),
			  ok;
		     ('$end_of_table',_) ->
			  ok;
		     ({Match,Cont},F) ->
			  lists:foreach(fun(X)->check_elements2(X,S) end,
					Match),
			  F(ets:match(Cont),F)
		  end,
	    Fun(M,Fun);
	'$end_of_table' -> ok;
	Err -> ?fatal({error_missing_declaration_in_DTD,Err},S)
    end.

% it is not an error to declare attributes for an element that is not
% declared.
check_elements2([#xmlElement{attributes=Attrs}],S) ->
    check_attributes(Attrs,S);
check_elements2(_,_) ->
    ok.

check_attributes([{N1,'ID',_,_,_}=Attr|Rest],S) ->
    case lists:keysearch('ID',2,Rest) of
	{value,Att2} ->
	    ?fatal({error_more_than_one_ID_def,N1,element(1,Att2)},S);
	_ ->
	    ok
    end,
    vc_ID_Attribute_Default(Attr,S),
    check_attributes(Rest,S);
check_attributes([{_,{enumeration,_},_,_,_}=Attr|T],S) ->
    vc_Enumeration(Attr,S),
    check_attributes(T,S);
check_attributes([{_,Ent,_,_,_}=Attr|T],S) 
  when Ent=='ENTITY';Ent=='ENTITIES' ->
    vc_Entity_Name(Attr,S),
    check_attributes(T,S);
check_attributes([_|T],S) ->
    check_attributes(T,S);
check_attributes([],_S) ->
    ok.

check_entities(Tab,S=#xmerl_scanner{validation=dtd}) ->
    case ets:match(Tab,{{entity,'$1'},undeclared}) of
	[[]] -> ok;
	[] ->  ok;
	[L] when is_list(L) ->
	    ?fatal({error_missing_declaration_in_DTD,hd(L)},S);
	Err ->
	    ?fatal({error_missing_declaration_in_DTD,Err},S)
    end;
check_entities(_,_) ->
    ok.


%% check_decl2/1: checks that all referenced ID attributes are declared
check_decl2(S=#xmerl_scanner{rules=Tab}) ->
    check_referenced_ids(Tab,S).


check_referenced_ids(Tab,S) ->
    case ets:match(Tab,{{id,'$1'},undeclared}) of
	[[]] -> ok;
	[] ->  ok;
	[L] when is_list(L) ->
	    ?fatal({error_missing_declaration_in_DTD,hd(L)},S);
	Err ->
	    ?fatal({error_missing_declaration_in_DTD,Err},S)
    end.

%%%%%%% [30] extSubSet ::= TextDecl? extSubsetDecl

scan_ext_subset([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_ext_subset(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> {[], S1} end,
      S);
scan_ext_subset("%" ++ T, S0) -> 
    %% DeclSep [28a]: WFC: PE Between Declarations.
    %% The replacement text of a parameter entity reference in a
    %% DeclSep must match the production extSubsetDecl.
    ?bump_col(1),
    {T1,S1} = scan_decl_sep(T,S),
    scan_ext_subset(T1, S1);
scan_ext_subset("<![" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(3),
    ?strip1,
    {_, T2, S2} = scan_conditional_sect(T1, S1),
    scan_ext_subset(T2,S2);
scan_ext_subset(T, S) when ?whitespace(hd(T)) ->
    {_,T1,S1} = strip(T,S),
    scan_ext_subset(T1, S1);
scan_ext_subset(T, S) ->
    {_, T1, S1} = scan_markup_decl(T, S),
    scan_ext_subset(T1, S1).


%%%%%%% [28a] DeclSep ::= PEReference | S
scan_decl_sep(T,S) ->
    {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
    {ExpandedRef,S2} =
	case expand_pe_reference(PERefName,S1,as_PE) of
	    Tuple when is_tuple(Tuple) ->
		%% {system,URI} or {public,URI}
		{ExpRef,_Sx}=fetch_not_parse(Tuple,S1),
		{ExpRef,S1};
	    ExpRef ->
		{ExpRef,S1}
	end,
    {_,TRef,S3} = strip(ExpandedRef,S2),
    {_,S4}=scan_ext_subset(TRef,S3),
    {T1,S4}.
% scan_decl_sep(T,S=#xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun=Read,
% 				 rules_write_fun=Write,
% 				 rules_delete_fun=Delete}) ->
%     {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
%     {ExpandedRef,S2} =
% 	case expand_pe_reference(PERefName,S1,as_PE) of
% 	    Tuple when tuple(Tuple) ->
% 		%% {system,URI} or {public,URI}
% 		{ExpRef,Sx}=fetch_not_parse(Tuple,S1),
% 		{EntV,_,_S2} = scan_entity_value(ExpRef, Sx, no_delim,
% 						 PERefName,parameter),
% 		%% should do an update Write(parameter_entity) so next
% 		%% expand_pe_reference is faster
% 		Delete(parameter_entity,PERefName,_S2),
% 		_S3 = Write(parameter_entity,PERefName,EntV,_S2),
% 		EntV2 = Read(parameter_entity,PERefName,_S3),
% 		{" " ++ EntV2 ++ " ",_S3};
% 	    ExpRef ->
% 		{ExpRef,S1}
% 	end,		     
%     {_, T3, S3} = strip(ExpandedRef,S2),
%     {_T4,S4} = scan_ext_subset(T3,S3),
%     strip(T1,S4).

%%%%%%% [61] ConditionalSect ::= includeSect | ignoreSect

scan_conditional_sect([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_conditional_sect(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_conditional_sect("IGNORE" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(6),
    ?strip1,
    T2 = scan_mandatory("[",T1,1,S,expected_IGNORE_bracket),
%    "[" ++ T2 = T1,
    {_,T3,S3} = strip(T2,S1),
    scan_ignore(T3,S3);
scan_conditional_sect("INCLUDE" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(7),
    ?strip1,
    T2 = scan_mandatory("[",T1,1,S,expected_INCLUDE_bracket),
%    "[" ++ T2 = T1,
    {_,T3,S3} = strip(T2,S1),
    scan_include(T3, S3);
scan_conditional_sect("%"++T,S0) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
    ExpRef = expand_pe_reference(PERefName, S1,as_PE),
    {_,T2,S2} = strip(ExpRef ++ T1,S1),
    scan_conditional_sect(T2,S2).


%%%% [63] ignoreSect	 ::= '<![' S? 'IGNORE' S? '[' ignoreSectContents* ']]>'
%%%% [64] ignoreSectContents ::= Ignore ('<![' ignoreSectContents ']]>' Ignore)*
%%%% [65] Ignore ::= Char* - (Char* ('<![' | ']]>') Char*)
scan_ignore(Str,S) ->
    scan_ignore(Str,S,0).

scan_ignore([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F},Level) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_ignore(MoreBytes, S1,Level) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_ignore("<![" ++ T, S0,Level) ->
    %% nested conditional section. Topmost condition is ignore, though
    ?bump_col(3),
    scan_ignore(T, S,Level+1);
scan_ignore("]]>" ++ T, S0,0) ->
    ?bump_col(3),
    {[], T, S};
scan_ignore("]]>" ++ T, S0,Level) ->
    ?bump_col(3),
    scan_ignore(T, S,Level-1);
scan_ignore([_H|T],S0,Level) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_ignore(T,S,Level).


%%%%%%% [62] includeSect ::= '<![' S? 'INCLUDE' S? '[' extSubsetDecl ']]>'
scan_include([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_include(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_include("]]>" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(3),
    {[], T, S};
scan_include("%" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
    ExpRef = expand_pe_reference(PERefName, S1,as_PE),
    {_,T2,S2} = strip(ExpRef ++ T1,S1),
    scan_include(T2, S2);
scan_include("<![" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(3),
    ?strip1,
    {_, T2, S2} = scan_conditional_sect(T1, S1),
    ?strip3,
    scan_include(T3,S3);
scan_include(T, S) ->
    {_, T1, S1} = scan_markup_decl(T, S),
    scan_include(T1, S1).


%%%%%%% [29] markupdecl ::= elementdecl | AttlistDecl | EntityDecl | 
%%%%%%%                     NotationDecl | PI |Comment
%%%%%%% [45] elementdecl ::= '<!ELEMENT' S Name S contentspec S? '>'

%% Validity constraint: Unique Type Declaration: No element type may be
%% declared more than once.
%%
scan_markup_decl([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_markup_decl(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> {[], [], S1} end,
      S);
scan_markup_decl("<!--" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(4),
    scan_comment(T, S);
scan_markup_decl("<?" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    {_PI, T1, S1} = scan_pi(T, S,_Pos=markup,[]),
    strip(T1, S1);
scan_markup_decl("<!ELEMENT" ++ T, 
		 #xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun = Read,
				rules_write_fun = Write,
				rules_delete_fun = Delete} = S0) ->
    ?bump_col(9),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {Ename, _NamespaceInfo, T2, S2} = scan_name(T1, S1),
    Element  = 
	case Read(elem_def, Ename, S2) of
	    El = #xmlElement{elementdef=Decl} when Decl =/= undeclared ->
		case S2#xmerl_scanner.validation of
		    dtd ->
			?fatal({already_defined, Ename}, S2);
		    _ ->
			Delete(elem_def,Ename,S2),
			El
		end;
	    El = #xmlElement{} ->
		Delete(elem_def,Ename,S2),
		El;
	    undefined ->
		#xmlElement{}
	end,
    {_,T3,S3} = mandatory_strip(T2,S2),
    {Edef, T4, S4} = scan_contentspec(T3, S3),
    ?strip5,
    {">" ++ T6,S6} = scan_element_completion(T5,S5),
    S7 = Write(elem_def, Ename,
	       Element#xmlElement{name = Ename,
				  content = Edef,
				  elementdef=S6#xmerl_scanner.environment},
	       S6#xmerl_scanner{col=S6#xmerl_scanner.col+1}),
    strip(T6,S7);
scan_markup_decl("<!ENTITY" ++ T, S0) ->
    %% <!ENTITY [%] entity.name NDATA notation.name>
    %% <!ENTITY [%] entity.name "replacement text">
    %% <!ENTITY [%] entity.name SYSTEM "system.identifier">
    %% <!ENTITY [%] entity.name PUBLIC public.identifier "system.identifier">
    ?bump_col(8),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {T2, S2} = scan_entity(T1, S1),
    strip(T2,S2);
scan_markup_decl("<!NOTATION" ++ T, S0) ->
    %% <!NOTATION notation.name "public.identifier" "helper.application">
    ?bump_col(10),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {T2, S2} = scan_notation_decl(T1, S1),
    strip(T2,S2);
scan_markup_decl("<!ATTLIST" ++ T, 
		 #xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun = Read,
				rules_write_fun = Write,
				rules_delete_fun= Delete} = S0) ->
    %% <!ATTLIST Ename ( AttrName Type Value )*>
    ?bump_col(9),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {Ename, _NamespaceInfo, T2, S2} = scan_name(T1, S1),
%    ?strip3,
    {Attributes, T4, S4} = scan_attdef(T2, S2),
    {EDEF,MergedAttrs} =
	case Read(elem_def, Ename, S4) of
	    undefined -> %% this may happen when the ELEMENT is declared in
		%% the external DTD but the ATTLIST in the
		%% internal DTD.
		{#xmlElement{},update_attributes(Attributes,[])};
	    Edef = #xmlElement{attributes = OldAttrs} ->
		Delete(elem_def,Ename,S4), 
		%% the slot in rules table must be empty so that the
		%% later write has the assumed effect. Read maybe
		%% should empty the table slot.
		{Edef,update_attributes(Attributes, OldAttrs)}
	end,
    NewEdef = EDEF#xmlElement{name=Ename,attributes = MergedAttrs},
    S5 = Write(elem_def, Ename, NewEdef, S4),
    T5 = T4,
    strip(T5,S5);
scan_markup_decl(_Str,S) ->
    ?fatal(expected_markup,S).

scan_element_completion(T,S) ->
    scan_markup_completion_gt(T,S).

update_attributes(NewAttrs, OldAttrs) ->
    update_attributes1(NewAttrs,lists:reverse(OldAttrs)).

update_attributes1([A = {Name,_Type,_DefaultV,_DefaultD,_Env}|Attrs], 
		   OldAttrs) ->
    case lists:keymember(Name, 1, OldAttrs) of
	true ->
	    update_attributes1(Attrs, OldAttrs);
	false ->
	    update_attributes1(Attrs, [A|OldAttrs])
    end;
update_attributes1([],Acc) ->
    lists:reverse(Acc).


%%%%%%% [53] AttDef

scan_attdef([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_attdef(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_attdef(T, S) ->
    scan_attdef(T, S, _AttrAcc = []).


scan_attdef([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Attrs) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_attdef(MoreBytes, S1, Attrs) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_attdef(">" ++ T, S0, Attrs) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {lists:reverse(Attrs), T, S};
scan_attdef("%" ++ _T, S=#xmerl_scanner{environment=prolog}, _Attrs) ->
     ?fatal({error,{wfc_PEs_In_Internal_Subset}},S);
scan_attdef("%" ++ T, S0, Attrs) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
    ExpRef = expand_pe_reference(PERefName, S1,as_PE),
    {_,T2,S2} = strip(ExpRef ++ T1,S1),
    scan_attdef(T2, S2, Attrs);
scan_attdef(T,S,Attrs) ->
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    scan_attdef2(T1,S1,Attrs).

scan_attdef2(">" ++ T, S0, Attrs) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {lists:reverse(Attrs), T, S};
scan_attdef2("%" ++ _T, S=#xmerl_scanner{environment=prolog}, _Attrs) ->
     ?fatal({error,{wfc_PEs_In_Internal_Subset}},S);
scan_attdef2("%" ++ T, S0, Attrs) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
    ExpRef = expand_pe_reference(PERefName, S1,as_PE),
    {_,T2,S2} = strip(ExpRef ++ T1,S1),
    scan_attdef2(T2, S2, Attrs);
scan_attdef2(T, S, Attrs) ->
    {AttName, _NamespaceInfo, T1, S1} = scan_name(T, S),
    {_,T2,S2} = mandatory_strip(T1,S1),
    {AttType, T3, S3} = scan_att_type(T2, S2),
    {_,T4,S4} = mandatory_strip(T3,S3),
    {{DefaultDecl,DefaultValue}, T5, S5} = scan_default_decl(T4, S4, AttType),
    ?strip6,
    Attr = {AttName, AttType,DefaultValue,DefaultDecl,
	    S#xmerl_scanner.environment},
    scan_attdef2(T6, S6, [Attr|Attrs]).


%%% [54] StringType
scan_att_type([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_att_type(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_att_type("CDATA" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(5),
    {'CDATA', T, S};
%%% [55] TokenizedType
scan_att_type("IDREFS" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(6),
    {'IDREFS', T, S};
scan_att_type("IDREF" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(5),
    {'IDREF', T, S};
scan_att_type("ID" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    {'ID', T, S};
scan_att_type("ENTITY" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(6),
    {'ENTITY', T, S};
scan_att_type("ENTITIES" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(8),
    {'ENTITIES', T, S};
scan_att_type("NMTOKENS" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(8),
    {'NMTOKENS', T, S};
scan_att_type("NMTOKEN" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(7),
    {'NMTOKEN', T, S};
%%% [57] EnumeratedType
scan_att_type("NOTATION" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(8),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    T2 = scan_mandatory("(",T1,1,S1,expected_parenthesis_after_NOTATION),
%    "(" ++ T2 = T1,
    S2 = S1,
    ?strip3,
    {Name, _NamespaceInfo, T4, S4} = scan_name(T3, S3),
    notation_exists(Name, S4),
    ?strip5,
    scan_notation_type(T5, S5, [Name]);
scan_att_type("(" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    ?strip1,
    {NmToken, _NamespaceInfo, T2, S2} = scan_nmtoken(T1, S1),
    ?strip3,
    scan_enumeration(T3, S3, [NmToken]);
scan_att_type("%" ++ _T, S=#xmerl_scanner{environment=prolog}) ->
    ?fatal({error,{wfc_PEs_In_Internal_Subset}},S);
scan_att_type("%" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
    ExpRef = expand_pe_reference(PERefName, S1,in_literal),
    {ExpRef,T1,S1}.

%%% [58] NotationType

scan_notation_type([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_notation_type(MoreBytes, S1, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_notation_type(")" ++ T, S0, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {{notation, lists:reverse(Acc)}, T, S};
scan_notation_type("|" ++ T, S0, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    ?strip1,
    {Name, _NamespaceInfo, T2, S2} = scan_name(T1, S1),
    notation_exists(Name, S2),
    ?strip3,
    scan_notation_type(T3, S3, [Name | Acc]).

%%% Validity constraint for NotationType: 
%%% The used notation names must be declared in the DTD, but they may
%%% be declared later.
notation_exists(Name, #xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun = Read,
				     rules_write_fun = Write } = S) ->
    case Read(notation, Name, S) of
	undefined ->
	    %% this is legal, since the referenced NOTATION
	    %% may be declared later in internal or external
	    %% subset.
	    Write(notation,Name,undeclared,S);
	_Value ->
	    ok
    end.

%%% [59] Enumeration

scan_enumeration([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_enumeration(MoreBytes, S1, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_enumeration(")" ++ T, S0, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {{enumeration, lists:reverse(Acc)}, T, S};
scan_enumeration("|" ++ T, S0, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    ?strip1,
    {NmToken, _NamespaceInfo, T2, S2} = scan_nmtoken(T1, S1),
    ?strip3,
    scan_enumeration(T3, S3, [NmToken|Acc]).


%%%%%%% [60] DefaultDecl

scan_default_decl([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Type) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_default_decl(MoreBytes, S1, Type) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_default_decl("#REQUIRED" ++ T, S0, _Type) ->
    ?bump_col(9),
    {{'#REQUIRED',no_value}, T, S};
scan_default_decl("#IMPLIED" ++ T, S0, _Type) ->
    ?bump_col(8),
    {{'#IMPLIED',no_value}, T, S};
scan_default_decl("#FIXED" ++ T, S0, Type) ->
    ?bump_col(6),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {Value,T2,S2,_} = default_value(T1, S1, Type),
    {{'#FIXED',Value},T2,S2};
scan_default_decl(Str, S, Type) ->
    {Value,T1,S1,_} = default_value(Str, S, Type),
    {{no_decl,Value},T1,S1}.


%% There is room here to validate against Type, but we don't do it at
%% the moment.
default_value(T, S, Type) ->
    {_Val, _T1, _S1,_} = scan_att_value(T, S, Type).


%%%%%%% [71] EntityDef

scan_entity([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_entity(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_entity("%" ++ T, #xmerl_scanner{rules_write_fun = Write} = S0) ->
    %% parameter entity
    ?bump_col(1),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {PEName, _NamespaceInfo, T2, S2} = scan_name_no_colons(T1, S1),
    {_,T3,S3} = mandatory_strip(T2,S2),
    {PEDef, T4, S4} = scan_pe_def(T3, S3, PEName),
    ?strip5,
    {">" ++ T6,S6} = scan_entity_completion(T5,S5),
    S7 = Write(parameter_entity, PEName, PEDef, S6),
    {T6, S7};
scan_entity(T, #xmerl_scanner{rules_write_fun = Write,
			      rules_read_fun = Read,
			      rules_delete_fun = Delete} = S) ->
    %% generic entity
    {EName, _NamespaceInfo, T1, S1} = scan_name_no_colons(T, S),
    {_,T2,S2} = mandatory_strip(T1,S1),
    {EDef, EntType, T3, S3} = scan_entity_def(T2, S2, EName),
    check_entity_recursion(EName,S3),
    ?strip4,
    {">" ++ T5,S5} = scan_entity_completion(T4,S4),
    case Read(entity,EName,S5) of
	undeclared -> Delete(entity,EName,S5);
	_ -> ok
    end,
    S6 = Write(entity, EName, {S5#xmerl_scanner.environment,EntType,EDef}, S5),
    {T5, S6}.

scan_entity_completion(T,S) ->
    scan_markup_completion_gt(T,S).

%%%%%%% [73] EntityDef

scan_entity_def([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, EName) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_entity_def(MoreBytes, S1, EName) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_entity_def("'" ++ T, S0, EName) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {EVal,T1,S1}=scan_entity_value(T, S, $', EName,general),
    {EVal,internal,T1,S1};
scan_entity_def("\"" ++ T, S0, EName) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {EVal,T1,S1}=scan_entity_value(T, S, $", EName,general),
    {EVal,internal,T1,S1};
%% external general entity, parsed or unparsed.
scan_entity_def(Str, S, EName) ->
    {ExtID, T1, S1} = scan_external_id(Str, S),
    {NData, T2, S2} = scan_ndata_decl(T1, S1),
    case NData of
	{ndata,_} ->
	    %% if NDATA exists it is an unparsed ENTITY
	    {{ExtID,NData},external,T2,S2};
	_ ->
	    case fetch_and_parse(ExtID,S2,
				 [{text_decl,true},
				  {environment,{external,{entity,EName}}}]) of
		{{_USret,Entity},_Tail,_Sx} ->
		    {Entity, external,T2, S2};
		{Entity,_Tail,Sx} -> 
			OldRef=S2#xmerl_scanner.entity_references,
			NewRef=Sx#xmerl_scanner.entity_references,
		    {Entity,external,T2,
		     S2#xmerl_scanner{entity_references=OldRef++NewRef}};
		{error,enoent} -> % this bad entity is declared,
                                       % but it may not be referenced,
                                       % then it would not be an
                                       % error.
		    {{error,enoent},external,T2,S2}
	    end
    end.


scan_ndata_decl([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_ndata_decl(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_ndata_decl(Str = ">"++_T, S) ->
    {[], Str, S};
scan_ndata_decl(T, S) ->
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    scan_ndata_decl2(T1,S1).
scan_ndata_decl2(Str = ">"++_T,S) ->
    {[], Str, S};
scan_ndata_decl2("NDATA" ++ T,S0 = #xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun = Read,
						rules_write_fun = Write}) ->
    ?bump_col(5),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {Name, _NamespaceInfo, T2, S2} = scan_name(T1, S1),
    case Read(notation, Name, S2) of
	undefined -> %% this is legal, since the referenced NOTATION
                     %% may be declared later in internal or external
                     %% subset.
	    Write(notation,Name,undeclared,S2),
	    {{ndata,Name},T2,S2};
	_Value ->
	    {{ndata, Name}, T2, S2}
    end.

%%%%%%% [39] element

scan_element(T, S, Pos) ->
    scan_element(T, S, Pos, S#xmerl_scanner.space,
		 _Lang = [], _Parents = [], #xmlNamespace{}).

scan_element(T, S=#xmerl_scanner{line=L,col=C},
	     Pos, SpaceDefault,Lang, Parents, NS) ->
    {Name, NamespaceInfo, T1, S1} = scan_name(T, S),
    vc_Element_valid(Name,NamespaceInfo,S),
    ?strip2,
    scan_element(T2, S2, Pos, Name, L, C, _Attrs = [], 
		 Lang, Parents, NamespaceInfo, NS, 
		 SpaceDefault).


scan_element("/", S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F},
	     Pos, Name, StartL, StartC, Attrs, Lang, Parents, 
	     NSI, NS, SpaceDefault) ->
    ?dbg("trailing / detected~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_element("/" ++ MoreBytes, S1, 
					 Pos, Name, StartL, StartC, Attrs, 
					 Lang,Parents,NSI,NS,SpaceDefault) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_element([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, 
	     Pos, Name, StartL, StartC, Attrs, Lang, Parents, 
	     NSI, NS, SpaceDefault) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_element(MoreBytes, S1, 
					 Pos, Name, StartL, StartC, Attrs, 
					 Lang,Parents,NSI,NS,SpaceDefault) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_element("/>" ++ T, S0 = #xmerl_scanner{hook_fun = Hook,
					    event_fun = Event,
					    line = L, col = C,
					    xmlbase_cache=XMLBase}, Pos,
	     Name, _StartL, _StartC, Attrs0, Lang, Parents, NSI, 
	     Namespace, _SpaceDefault) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    Attrs = lists:reverse(Attrs0),
    E=processed_whole_element(S, Pos, Name, Attrs, Lang, Parents,NSI,Namespace),
    
    #xmlElement{attributes = Attrs1} = E,
    wfc_unique_att_spec(Attrs1,S),
    S1 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended,
					       line = L,
					       col = C,
					       data = E}, S0),
    {Ret, S2} = Hook(E, S1),
    S2b=S2#xmerl_scanner{xmlbase=XMLBase},
    {Ret, T, S2b};
scan_element(">", S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F},
	     Pos, Name, StartL, StartC, Attrs, Lang, Parents, 
	     NSI, NS, SpaceDefault) ->
    ?dbg("trailing > detected~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_element(">" ++ MoreBytes, S1, 
					 Pos, Name, StartL, StartC, Attrs, 
					 Lang,Parents,NSI,NS,SpaceDefault) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_element(">" ++ T, S0 = #xmerl_scanner{event_fun = Event,
					   hook_fun = Hook,
					   line = L, col = C,
					   xmlbase_cache=XMLBase,
					   space = SpaceOption},
	     Pos, Name, StartL, StartC, Attrs0, Lang, Parents, 
	     NSI, Namespace, SpaceDefault) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    Attrs = lists:reverse(Attrs0),
    wfc_unique_att_spec(Attrs,S),
    XMLSpace = case lists:keysearch('xml:space', #xmlAttribute.name, Attrs) of
		   false ->			SpaceDefault;
		   {value, #xmlAttribute{value="default"}} ->	SpaceOption;
		   {value, #xmlAttribute{value="preserve"}} ->	preserve;
		   _ ->				SpaceDefault
	       end,
    
    E0=processed_whole_element(S,Pos,Name,Attrs,Lang,Parents,NSI,Namespace),
    S1 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = started,
					       line = StartL,
					       col = StartC,
					       data = E0}, S),
    
    {Content, T1, S2} = scan_content(T, S1, Name, Attrs, XMLSpace, 
				     E0#xmlElement.language,
				     [{Name, Pos}|Parents], Namespace),
    
    Element=E0#xmlElement{content=Content,
			  xmlbase=E0#xmlElement.xmlbase},
    S3 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended,
					       line = L,
					       col = C,
					       data = Element}, S2),
    {Ret, S4} = Hook(Element, S3),
    S4b=S4#xmerl_scanner{xmlbase=XMLBase},
    {Ret, T1, S4b};
scan_element(T, S, Pos, Name, StartL, StartC, Attrs, Lang, Parents, 
	     NSI, NS, SpaceDefault) ->
    {AttName, NamespaceInfo, T1, S1} = scan_name(T, S),
    {T2, S2} = scan_eq(T1, S1),
    {AttType,_DefaultDecl} = get_att_type(S2,AttName,Name),
    {AttValue, T3a, S3a,IsNorm} = scan_att_value(T2, S2, AttType),
%%    check_default_value(S3,DefaultDecl,AttValue),
    NewNS = check_namespace(AttName, NamespaceInfo, AttValue, NS),
    {T3,S3} = wfc_whitespace_betw_attrs(T3a,S3a),
    ?strip4,  
    AttrPos = case Attrs of
		  [] ->
		      1;
		  [#xmlAttribute{pos = P}|_] ->
		      P+1
	      end,
    Attr = #xmlAttribute{name = AttName, 
			 parents = [{Name, Pos}|Parents],
			 pos = AttrPos,
			 language = Lang,
			 nsinfo = NamespaceInfo,
			 value = AttValue,
			 normalized = IsNorm},
    XMLBase=if
		AttName=='xml:base' ->
		    resolve_relative_uri(AttValue,S4#xmerl_scanner.xmlbase);
		true ->	
		    S4#xmerl_scanner.xmlbase
	    end,
    
    #xmerl_scanner{event_fun = Event,
		   line = Line,
		   col = Col} = S4,
    S5 = Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended,
			    line = Line,
			    col = Col,
			    data = Attr},
	       S4#xmerl_scanner{xmlbase=XMLBase,
				xmlbase_cache=S#xmerl_scanner.xmlbase}),
    scan_element(T4, S5, Pos, Name, StartL, StartC, [Attr|Attrs], 
		 Lang, Parents, NSI, NewNS, SpaceDefault).

get_default_attrs(S = #xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun = Read}, ElemName) ->
    case Read(elem_def, ElemName, S) of
	#xmlElement{attributes = Attrs} ->
	    [ {AttName, AttValue} ||
	      {AttName, _, AttValue, _, _} <- Attrs, AttValue =/= no_value ];
	_ -> []
    end.

get_att_type(S=#xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun=Read},AttName,ElemName) ->
    case Read(elem_def,ElemName,S) of
	#xmlElement{attributes = Attrs} ->
	    case lists:keysearch(AttName,1,Attrs) of
		{value,{_,AttType,_,DefaultDecl,_}} ->
		    {AttType,DefaultDecl};
		_ -> {'CDATA',no_value} %% undefined attribute shall be treated as CDATA
	    end;
	_ -> {'CDATA',no_value}
    end.

resolve_relative_uri(NewBase="/"++_,CurrentBase) ->
    case xmerl_uri:parse(CurrentBase) of
	{error,_Reason} ->
	    NewBase;
	{Scheme,Host,Port,_Path,_Query} ->
	    atom_to_list(Scheme)++Host++":"++integer_to_list(Port)++NewBase
    end;
resolve_relative_uri(NewBase,CurrentBase) ->
     filename:join(CurrentBase,NewBase).


processed_whole_element(S=#xmerl_scanner{hook_fun = _Hook,
					 xmlbase = XMLBase,
					 line = _L, col = _C,
					 event_fun = _Event}, 
			Pos, Name, Attrs, Lang, Parents, NSI, Namespace) ->
    Language = check_language(Attrs, Lang),

    AllAttrs =
	case S#xmerl_scanner.default_attrs of
	    true ->
		[ #xmlAttribute{name = AttName,
				parents = [{Name, Pos} | Parents],
				language = Lang,
				nsinfo = NSI,
				namespace = Namespace,
				value = AttValue,
				normalized = true} ||
		  {AttName, AttValue} <- get_default_attrs(S, Name),
		  AttValue =/= no_value,
		  not lists:keymember(AttName, #xmlAttribute.name, Attrs) ];
	    false ->
		Attrs
	end,

    {ExpName, ExpAttrs} = 
	case S#xmerl_scanner.namespace_conformant of
	    true ->
		%% expand attribute names. We need to do this after having
		%% scanned all attributes of the element, since (as far as
		%% I can tell), XML Names only specifies that namespace attrs
		%% are valid within the whole scope of the element in which
		%% they are declared, which should also mean that even if they
		%% are declared after some other attributes, the namespace
		%% should apply to those attributes as well.
		%% Note that the default URI does not apply to attrbute names.
		TempNamespace = Namespace#xmlNamespace{default = []},
		ExpAttrsX = 
		    [A#xmlAttribute{
		       namespace=Namespace,
		       expanded_name=expanded_name(
				       A#xmlAttribute.name, 
				       A#xmlAttribute.nsinfo,
						% NSI,
				       TempNamespace, S)} || A <- AllAttrs],
		{expanded_name(Name, NSI, Namespace, S), ExpAttrsX};
	    false ->
		{Name, AllAttrs}
	end,

    #xmlElement{name = Name,
		xmlbase = XMLBase,
		pos = Pos,
		parents = Parents,
		attributes = ExpAttrs,
		language = Language,
		expanded_name = ExpName,
		nsinfo = NSI,
		namespace = Namespace}.


check_language([#xmlAttribute{name='xml:lang',value=Lang}|_], _) ->
    Lang;
check_language([_|T], Lang) ->
    check_language(T, Lang);
check_language([], Lang) ->
    Lang.


check_namespace(xmlns, _, Value, NS) ->
    NS#xmlNamespace{default = list_to_atom(Value)};
check_namespace(_, {"xmlns", Prefix}, Value, 
		NS = #xmlNamespace{nodes = Ns}) ->
    NS#xmlNamespace{nodes = keyreplaceadd(
			      Prefix, 1, Ns, {Prefix, list_to_atom(Value)})};
check_namespace(_, _, _, NS) ->
    NS.


expanded_name(Name, [], #xmlNamespace{default = []}, _S) ->
    Name;
expanded_name(Name, [], #xmlNamespace{default = URI}, S) ->
    case URI of
	'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace' ->
	    ?fatal(cannot_bind_default_namespace_to_xml_namespace_name, S);
	'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/' ->
	    ?fatal(cannot_bind_default_namespace_to_xmlns_namespace_name, S);
	_ ->
	    {URI, Name}
    end;
expanded_name(Name, N = {"xmlns", Local}, #xmlNamespace{nodes = Ns}, S) ->
    {_, Value} = lists:keyfind(Local, 1, Ns),
    case Name of
	'xmlns:xml' when Value =/= 'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace' ->
	    ?fatal({xml_prefix_cannot_be_redeclared, Value}, S);
	'xmlns:xmlns' ->
	    ?fatal({xmlns_prefix_cannot_be_declared, Value}, S);
	_ ->
	    case Value of
		'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace' ->
		    ?fatal({cannot_bind_prefix_to_xml_namespace, Local}, S);
		'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/' ->
		    ?fatal({cannot_bind_prefix_to_xmlns_namespace, Local}, S);
		_ ->
		    N
	    end
    end;
expanded_name(_Name, {Prefix, Local}, #xmlNamespace{nodes = Ns}, S) ->
    case lists:keysearch(Prefix, 1, Ns) of
	{value, {_, URI}} ->
	    {URI, list_to_atom(Local)};
	false ->
	    %% A namespace constraint of XML Names is that the prefix
	    %% must be declared
	    ?fatal({namespace_prefix_not_declared, Prefix}, S)
    end.
		    



keyreplaceadd(K, Pos, [H|T], Obj) when K == element(Pos, H) ->
    [Obj|T];
keyreplaceadd(K, Pos, [H|T], Obj) ->
    [H|keyreplaceadd(K, Pos, T, Obj)];
keyreplaceadd(_K, _Pos, [], Obj) ->
    [Obj].

%%%%%%% [10] AttValue
%% normalize the attribute value according to XML 1.0 section 3.3.3

scan_att_value([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F},AT) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_att_value(MoreBytes, S1, AT) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_att_value("%"++_T,S=#xmerl_scanner{environment=prolog},_AttType) ->
    ?fatal({error,{wfc_PEs_In_Internal_Subset}},S);
scan_att_value("%"++T,S0=#xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun=Read,
					rules_write_fun=Write,
					rules_delete_fun=Delete},AttType) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {Name,T1,S1} = scan_pe_reference(T,S),
    {ExpandedRef,S2} = 
	case expand_pe_reference(Name,S1,in_literal) of
	    Tuple when is_tuple(Tuple) ->
		%% {system,URI} or {public,URI}
		%% Included in literal, just get external file.
		{ExpRef,Sx}=fetch_not_parse(Tuple,S1),
		{EntV,_,_S2} = scan_entity_value(ExpRef, Sx, no_delim,
						Name,parameter),
		%% should do an update Write(parameter_entity) so next
		%% expand_pe_reference is faster
		Delete(parameter_entity,Name,_S2),
		_S3 = Write(parameter_entity,Name,EntV,_S2),
		EntV2 = Read(parameter_entity,Name,_S3),
		{EntV2,_S3};
	    ExpRef ->
		{ExpRef,S1}
	end,
    {_,T2,S3} = strip(ExpandedRef ++ T1,S2),
    scan_att_value(T2,S3,AttType);
scan_att_value([H|T], S0,'CDATA'=AT) when H == $"; H == $' ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_att_chars(T, S, H, [],[], AT,false);
scan_att_value([H|T], S0,AttType) when H == $"; H == $' ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {T1,S1,IsNorm} = normalize(T,S,false),
    scan_att_chars(T1, S1, H, [],[], AttType,IsNorm).

scan_att_chars([],S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun=F},H,Acc,TmpAcc,AT,IsNorm)->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) ->
	      scan_att_chars(MoreBytes, S1, H, Acc,TmpAcc,AT,IsNorm)
      end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_att_chars([H|T], S0, H, Acc, TmpAcc,AttType,IsNorm) -> % End quote
    ?bump_col(1),
    check_att_default_val(S#xmerl_scanner.validation,TmpAcc,AttType,S),
    {Acc2,S2,IsNorm2} =
	if 
	    AttType == 'CDATA' -> {Acc,S,IsNorm};
	    true -> 
		normalize(Acc,S,IsNorm)
	end,
    {lists:flatten(lists:reverse(Acc2)), T, S2,IsNorm2};
scan_att_chars("&" ++ T, S0, Delim, Acc, TmpAcc,AT,IsNorm) -> % Reference
    ?bump_col(1),
    {ExpRef, T1, S1} = scan_reference(T, S),
    case markup_delimeter(ExpRef) of
	true ->
	    scan_att_chars(T1,S1,Delim,[ExpRef|Acc],[ExpRef|TmpAcc],AT,IsNorm);
	_ ->
            Ch = string_to_char_set(S#xmerl_scanner.encoding, ExpRef),
            case T of
                "#" ++ _ ->
                    %% normalization rules (sec 3.3.3) require that for
                    %% character references, the referenced character be
                    %% added directly to the normalized value
                    scan_att_chars(T1, S1, Delim, Ch ++ Acc,TmpAcc, AT,IsNorm);
                _ ->
                    scan_att_chars(Ch ++ T1, S1, Delim, Acc,TmpAcc, AT,IsNorm)
            end
    end;
scan_att_chars("<" ++ _T, S0, _Delim, _Acc,_, _,_) -> % Tags not allowed here
    ?fatal(unexpected_char, S0);
scan_att_chars([H|T], S0, Delim, Acc, _TmpAcc,'CDATA',IsNorm)
  when ?whitespace(H) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_att_chars(T, S, Delim, [$\s|Acc], [],'CDATA',IsNorm);
scan_att_chars([H|T], S0, Delim, Acc, TmpAcc,AT,IsNorm)
  when ?whitespace(H) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {T1,S1,IsNorm2} = normalize(T,S,IsNorm),
    check_att_default_val(S#xmerl_scanner.validation,TmpAcc,AT,S1),
    scan_att_chars(T1, S1, Delim, [$\s|Acc],[], AT,IsNorm2);
scan_att_chars(Str, S0, Delim, Acc, TmpAcc,AT,IsNorm) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {Ch,T} = to_ucs(S#xmerl_scanner.encoding,Str),
    valid_Char(S#xmerl_scanner.validation,AT,Ch,S),
    scan_att_chars(T, S, Delim, [Ch|Acc], [Ch|TmpAcc],AT,IsNorm).

markup_delimeter("&")->    true;
markup_delimeter("\"") ->  true;
markup_delimeter("\'") ->  true;
markup_delimeter("<") ->   true;
markup_delimeter(">") ->   true;
markup_delimeter("%") ->   true;
markup_delimeter(_) ->     false.

check_att_default_val(dtd,[],_Ent,_S) ->
    ok;
check_att_default_val(dtd,RevName,Ent,S) ->
    check_att_default_val(lists:reverse(RevName),Ent,S);
check_att_default_val(_,_,_,_) ->
    ok.

check_att_default_val(Name,Ent,S=#xmerl_scanner{rules_write_fun=Write}) 
  when Ent == 'ENTITY'; Ent == 'ENTITIES' ->
    case xmerl_lib:is_letter(hd(Name)) of
	true -> ok;
	_ -> ?fatal({illegal_first_character,Ent,Name},S)
    end,
    SName = list_to_atom(Name),
    Write(entity,SName,undeclared,S);
check_att_default_val(Name,IDR,S=#xmerl_scanner{rules_write_fun=Write})
  when IDR == 'IDREF'; IDR == 'IDREFS' ->
    case xmerl_lib:is_letter(hd(Name)) of
	true -> ok;
	_ -> ?fatal({illegal_first_character,IDR,Name},S)
    end,
    SName = list_to_atom(Name),
    Write(id,SName,undeclared,S);
check_att_default_val(Name,'ID',S=#xmerl_scanner{rules_write_fun=Write,
						 rules_read_fun=Read,
						 rules_delete_fun=Delete}) ->
    case xmerl_lib:is_name(Name) of
	false ->
	    ?fatal({'ID_names_must_be_Name_production',Name},S);
	_ ->
	    ok
    end,
    SName = if
		is_list(Name) -> list_to_atom(Name);
		true -> Name
	    end,
    case Read(id,SName,S) of
	undeclared -> %% was referenced in IDREF/IDREFS before defined
	    Delete(id,SName,S);
	SName -> ?fatal({values_must_be_unique,'ID',SName},S);
	undefined -> ok
    end,
    Write(id,SName,SName,S);
check_att_default_val(_,_,_) ->
    ok.

valid_Char(dtd,AT,C,S) when AT=='NMTOKEN';AT=='NMTOKENS' ->
    vc_Valid_Char(AT,C,S);
valid_Char(_,_,[C],S) ->
    case xmerl_lib:is_char(C) of
	true ->
	    ok;
	false ->
	    ?fatal({unexpected_char,C}, S)
    end;
valid_Char(_,_,C,S) ->
    case xmerl_lib:is_char(C) of
	true ->
	    ok;
	false ->
	    ?fatal({unexpected_char,C}, S)
    end.



%%%%%%% [43] content

scan_content(T, S, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS) ->
    scan_content(T, S, _Pos = 1, Name, Attrs, Space, 
                 Lang, Parents, NS, _Acc = [],_MarkupDel=[]).

scan_content("<", S= #xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F},
            Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,_) ->
    ?dbg("trailing < detected~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_content("<" ++ MoreBytes, S1, 
					 Pos, Name, Attrs, 
					 Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,[]) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_content([], S=#xmerl_scanner{environment={external,{entity,_}}}, 
             _Pos, _Name, _Attrs, _Space, _Lang, _Parents, _NS, Acc,_) ->
    {lists:reverse(Acc),[],S};
scan_content([], S=#xmerl_scanner{environment=internal_parsed_entity}, 
             _Pos, _Name, _Attrs, _Space, _Lang, _Parents, _NS, Acc,_) ->
    {lists:reverse(Acc),[],S};
scan_content([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, 
             Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,_) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_content(MoreBytes, S1, 
					 Pos, Name, Attrs, 
					 Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,[]) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_content("</" ++ T, S0, _Pos, Name, _Attrs, _Space, _Lang,
	     _Parents, _NS, Acc,[]) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    {ETagName, _NamespaceInfo, T1, S1} = scan_name(T, S),
    if ETagName == Name ->
            ok;
       true ->
            ?fatal({endtag_does_not_match, {was,ETagName,should_have_been, Name}}, S)
    end,
    ?strip2,
    case T2 of
        ">" ++ T3 ->
            {lists:reverse(Acc), T3, S2};
        _ -> 
	    ?fatal({error,{unexpected_end_of_STag}},S)
    end;
scan_content([$&|_T]=Str, 
	     #xmerl_scanner{environment={external,{entity,EName}}} = S0,
	     Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,_) ->
    {_EntV,T1,S1}=scan_entity_value(Str,S0 ,[],EName,general),
    %%This is a problem. All referenced entities in the external entity must be checked for recursion, thus parse the contentbut,skip result.
    scan_content(T1,S1,Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,[]);
scan_content("&"++T,
	     #xmerl_scanner{environment=internal_parsed_entity} = S,
	     Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,_) ->
    {_, T1, S1} = scan_reference(T, S),
    scan_content(T1,S1,Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,[]);
scan_content("&" ++ T, S0, Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,[]) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {ExpRef, T1, S1} = scan_reference(T, S),
    case markup_delimeter(ExpRef) of
	true -> scan_content(ExpRef++T1,S1,Pos,Name,Attrs,Space,Lang,Parents,NS,Acc,ExpRef);
	_ ->
	    scan_content(string_to_char_set(S1#xmerl_scanner.encoding,ExpRef)++T1,S1,Pos,Name,Attrs,Space,Lang,Parents,NS,Acc,[])
    end;
scan_content("<!--" ++ T, S0=#xmerl_scanner{acc_fun = F, comments=CF}, Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, 
	     Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,[]) ->
    ?bump_col(4),
    {C, T1, S1} = scan_comment(T, S, Pos, Parents, Lang),
    case CF of
	true ->
	    {Acc2, Pos2, S3} = 
		case F(C, Acc, S1) of
		    {Acc1, S2} ->
			{Acc1, Pos + 1, S2};
		    {Acc1, Pos1, S2} ->
			{Acc1, Pos1, S2}
		end,
	    scan_content(T1, S3, Pos2, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc2,[]);
	false ->
	    scan_content(T1, S1, Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,[])
    end;   
scan_content("<" ++ T, S0, Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,[]) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {Markup, T1, S1} = 
        scan_content_markup(T, S, Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS),
    AccF = S1#xmerl_scanner.acc_fun,
    {NewAcc, NewPos, NewS} = case AccF(Markup, Acc, S1) of
				 {Acc2, S2} ->
				     {Acc2, Pos+1, S2};
				 {Acc2, Pos2, S2} ->
				     {Acc2, Pos2, S2}
			     end,
    scan_content(T1, NewS, NewPos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang,
		 Parents, NS, NewAcc,[]);
scan_content([_H|T], S= #xmerl_scanner{environment={external,{entity,_}}},
 	     Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,_) ->
    %% Guess we have to scan the content to find any internal entity
    %% references.
    scan_content(T,S,Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,[]);
scan_content(T, S=#xmerl_scanner{acc_fun = F, 
				 event_fun = Event,
				 hook_fun=Hook,
				 line = _L}, 
             Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS, Acc,MarkupDel) ->
    Text0 = #xmlText{pos = Pos,
                     parents = Parents},
    S1 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = started,
                                               line = S#xmerl_scanner.line,
                                               data = Text0}, S),
    {Data, T1, S2} =  scan_char_data(T, S1, Space,MarkupDel),
    Text = Text0#xmlText{value = Data},
    {Ret,S2b} = Hook(Text,S2),
    S3 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended,
                                               line = S2b#xmerl_scanner.line,
                                               data = Ret}, S2b),
    {NewAcc, NewPos, NewS} = case F(Ret, Acc, S3) of
				 {Acc4, S4} ->
				     {Acc4, Pos+1, S4};
				 {Acc4, Pos4, S4} ->
				     {Acc4, Pos4, S4}
			     end,
    scan_content(T1, NewS, NewPos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang,
		 Parents, NS, NewAcc,[]).


scan_content_markup([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, 
		    Pos, Name, Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_content_markup(
			      MoreBytes,S1,Pos,Name,
			      Attrs,Space,Lang,Parents,NS) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_content_markup("![CDATA[" ++ T, S0, Pos, _Name, _Attrs,
		    _Space, _Lang, Parents, _NS) ->
    ?bump_col(8),
    scan_cdata(T, S, Pos, Parents);
scan_content_markup("?"++T,S0,Pos,_Name,_Attrs,_Space,_Lang,Parents,_NS) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_pi(T, S, Pos, Parents);
scan_content_markup(T, S, Pos, _Name, _Attrs, Space, Lang, Parents, NS) ->
    scan_element(T, S, Pos, Space, Lang, Parents, NS).

scan_char_data(T, S, Space,MUD) ->
    scan_char_data(T, S, Space,MUD, _Acc = []).

%%%%%%% [14] CharData

scan_char_data([], S=#xmerl_scanner{environment={external,{entity,_}}},
	       _Space,_MUD, Acc) ->
    
    {lists:reverse(Acc), [], S};
scan_char_data([], S=#xmerl_scanner{environment=internal_parsed_entity},
	       _Space, _MUD,Acc) ->
    
    {lists:reverse(Acc), [], S};
scan_char_data([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Space, _MUD,Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_char_data(MoreBytes,S1,Space,_MUD,Acc) end, 
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_char_data([$&|T], S,Space,"&",Acc) ->
    scan_char_data(T, S, Space,[], [$&|Acc]);
scan_char_data(T=[$&|_], S,_Space,_MUD,Acc) ->
    
    {lists:reverse(Acc), T, S};
scan_char_data("]]>" ++ _T, S, _Space,_MUD, _Acc) ->
    %% See Section 2.4: Especially:
    %% "The right angle bracket (>) MAY be represented using the string "&gt;",
    %% and MUST, for compatibility, be escaped using either "&gt;" or a
    %% character reference when it appears in the string "]]>" in content, when
    %% that string is not marking the end of a CDATA section.
    ?fatal(unexpected_cdata_end, S);
scan_char_data([$<|T],S,Space,"<", Acc) ->
    scan_char_data(T, S, Space,[], [$<|Acc]);
scan_char_data(T = [$<|_], S, _Space,_MUD,Acc) ->
    
    {lists:reverse(Acc), T, S};
scan_char_data(T = [H|R], S, Space,MUD, Acc) when ?whitespace(H) ->
    if
        MUD =:= [], Acc =:= [], H =:= $\n, Space =:= preserve ->
            case fast_accumulate_whitespace(R, S, T) of
                {done, Reply} ->
                    Reply;
                {NewAcc, T1, S1} ->
                    scan_char_data(T1, S1, Space, MUD, NewAcc)
            end;
        true ->
            {NewAcc, T1, S1} = accumulate_whitespace(T, S, Space, Acc),
            scan_char_data(T1, S1, Space,MUD,NewAcc)
    end;
scan_char_data([H1,H2|_T],S,_Space,_MUD,_Acc) when ?non_character(H1,H2) ->
    ?fatal({error,{not_allowed_to_use_Unicode_noncharacters}},S);
scan_char_data("]]>"++_T,S,_Space,_MUD,_Acc) ->
    ?fatal({error,{illegal_character_in_content,"]]>"}},S);
scan_char_data(Str,S0,Space,MUD,Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {Ch,T} = wfc_legal_char(Str,S),
    scan_char_data(T,S,Space,MUD,[Ch|Acc]).



%%%%%%% [18]-[21] CDATA

scan_cdata(Str, S, Pos, Parents) ->
    scan_cdata(Str, S, Pos, Parents, _Acc = []).


scan_cdata([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Pos, Parents, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_cdata(MoreBytes, S1, Pos, Parents, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_cdata("]]>" ++ T, S0, Pos, Parents, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(3),
    {#xmlText{pos = Pos,
	      parents = Parents,
	      value = lists:reverse(Acc),
	      type = cdata}, T, S};
scan_cdata(Str, S0, Pos, Parents, Acc) ->
    {Ch,T} = to_ucs(S0#xmerl_scanner.encoding,Str),
    case xmerl_lib:is_char(Ch) of
	true ->
	    ?bump_col(1),
	    scan_cdata(T, S, Pos, Parents, [Ch|Acc]);
	false ->
	    ?fatal({unexpected_char,Ch}, S0)
    end.


%%%%%%% [67] Reference
%% returns a three tuple {Result,RestBuf,State}

scan_reference([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_reference(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_reference("#x" ++ T, S0) ->
    %% [66] CharRef
    ?bump_col(1),
    if hd(T) /= $; ->
	    scan_char_ref_hex(T, S, 0);
       true ->
	    ?fatal(invalid_char_ref, S)
    end;
scan_reference("#" ++ T, S0) ->
    %% [66] CharRef
    ?bump_col(1),
    if hd(T) /= $; ->
	    scan_char_ref_dec(T, S, []);
       true ->
	    ?fatal(invalid_char_ref, S)
    end;
scan_reference(T, S) ->
    case catch scan_entity_ref(T, S) of
	{'EXIT', _} ->
	    ?fatal(error_scanning_entity_ref,S);
	Other ->
	    Other
    end.


%% Chapter 4.4.2: ... the replacement text of entities used to escape
%% markup delimiters (the entities amp, lt, gt, apos, quot) is always treated
%% as data. (The string "AT&amp;T;" expands to "AT&T;" and the remaining
%% ampersand is not recognized as an entity-reference delimiter.)"
%%
%% How to achieve this? My current approach is to insert the *strings* "&",
%% "<", ">", "'", and "\"" instead of the characters. The processor will 
%% ignore them when performing multiple expansions. This means, for now, that
%% the character data output by the processor is (1-2 levels) deep.
%% At some suitable point, we should flatten these, so that application-level
%% processors should not have to be aware of this detail.

scan_entity_ref([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_entity_ref(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_entity_ref("amp;" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(4),
    {"&", T, S};
scan_entity_ref("lt;" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(3),
    {"<", T, S};
scan_entity_ref("gt;" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(3),
    {">", T, S};
scan_entity_ref("apos;" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(5),
    {"'", T, S};
scan_entity_ref("quot;" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(5),
    {"\"", T, S};
scan_entity_ref(T, S) ->
    {Name, _NamespaceInfo, T1, S1} = scan_name(T, S),
    T2 = scan_mandatory(";",T1,1,S1,expected_entity_reference_semicolon),
%    ";" ++ T2 = T1, 
    S2 = S1,
    Entity = expand_reference(Name, S2),
    {Entity, T2, S2}.


%%%%%%% [69] PEReference

scan_pe_reference(T, S) ->
    {Name, _NamespaceInfo, T1, S1} = scan_name(T, S),
    T2 = scan_mandatory(";",T1,1,S1,expected_parsed_entity_reference_semicolon),
%    ";" ++ T2 = T1, 
    {Name, T2, S1#xmerl_scanner{col = S1#xmerl_scanner.col+1}}.

expand_pe_reference(Name, #xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun = Read} = S,WS) ->
    case Read(parameter_entity, Name, S) of
	undefined ->
	    ?fatal({unknown_parameter_entity, Name}, S); % WFC or VC failure
	Err={error,_Reason} ->
	    ?fatal(Err,S);
	Tuple when is_tuple(Tuple) ->
	    Tuple;
	Result ->
	    if
		WS == in_literal -> Result;
		true -> " "++Result++" "
	    end
    end.

% Currently unused
%
% expand_external_pe_reference(Name, #xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun = Read} = S) ->
%     case Read(parameter_entity, Name, S) of
% 	undefined ->
% 	    ?fatal({unknown_parameter_entity, Name}, S);
% 	Result ->
% 	    fetch_DTD(Result,S)
%     end.
    

%%%%%%% [68] EntityReference

expand_reference(Name, #xmerl_scanner{environment={external,{entity,_}}}) ->
    atom_to_list(Name);
expand_reference(Name, #xmerl_scanner{environment=internal_parsed_entity}) ->
    atom_to_list(Name);
expand_reference(Name, #xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun = Read} = S) ->
    case Read(entity, Name, S) of
	undefined ->
	    ?fatal({unknown_entity_ref, Name}, S);
	{_,external,{error,enoent}} ->
	    ?fatal({error,{entity_target_not_found,{error,enoent},Name}},S);
	{DefEnv,EntType,Value} ->
	    wfc_Entity_Declared(DefEnv,S,Name),
	    Value2 = string_to_char_set(S#xmerl_scanner.encoding,Value),
	    wfc_Internal_parsed_entity(EntType,Value2,S),
	    Value
    end.


%%%%%%% [66] CharRef

scan_char_ref_dec([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_char_ref_dec(MoreBytes, S1, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_char_ref_dec([H|T], S0, Acc) when H >= $0, H =< $9 ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_char_ref_dec(T, S, [H|Acc]);
scan_char_ref_dec(";" ++ T, S0, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    Ref = list_to_integer(lists:reverse(Acc)),
    {Ch,_} = wfc_legal_char(Ref,S),
    {[Ch], T, S}. %% changed return value from [[Ref]]


scan_char_ref_hex([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_char_ref_hex(MoreBytes, S1, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_char_ref_hex([H|T], S0, Acc) when H >= $0, H =< $9 ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    Dec = H - $0,
    scan_char_ref_hex(T, S, (Dec bor (Acc bsl 4)));
scan_char_ref_hex([H|T], S0, Acc) when H >= $a, H =< $f ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    Dec = (H - $a) + 10,
    scan_char_ref_hex(T, S, (Dec bor (Acc bsl 4)));
scan_char_ref_hex([H|T], S0, Acc) when H >= $A, H =< $F ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    Dec = (H - $A) + 10,
    scan_char_ref_hex(T, S, (Dec bor (Acc bsl 4)));
scan_char_ref_hex(";" ++ T, S0, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {Ch,_} = wfc_legal_char(Acc,S),
    {[Ch], T, S}. %% changed return value from [[Acc]]



%%%%%%% [25] Eq
%%% Eq    ::=    S? '=' S?
scan_eq(T, S) ->
    ?strip1,
    case T1 of
 	[$=|T2] ->
	    S2 = S1#xmerl_scanner{col=S1#xmerl_scanner.col+1},
	    ?strip3,
	    {T3, S3};
	_ ->
	    ?fatal(assignment_expected,S)
    end.


%% scan_name/2
%%
%% We perform some checks here to make sure that the names conform to 
%% the "Namespaces in XML" specification. This is an option.
%% 
%% Qualified Name:
%% [6]      QName ::= (Prefix ':')? LocalPart
%% [7]     Prefix ::= NCName
%% [8]  LocalPart ::= NCName
%% [4]     NCName ::= (Letter | '_') (NCNameChar)*
%% [5] NCNameChar ::= Letter | Digit | '.' | '-' | '_' 
%%                    | CombiningChar | Extender


%% The effect of XML Names (namespace) conformance is that:
%% - All element types and attribute names contain either zero or one colon
%% - No entity names, PI targets, or notation names contain any colons.
%%
%% scan_name_no_colons/2 will ensure that the name contains no colons iff
%% the scanner has been told to be namespace conformant. Otherwise, it will
%% behave exactly like scan_name/2.
%%
scan_name_no_colons(Str, S) ->
    NSC = S#xmerl_scanner.namespace_conformant,
    case NSC of 
	true ->
	    {Target, NSI, T1, S1} = 
		scan_name(Str,S#xmerl_scanner{namespace_conformant=no_colons}),
	    {Target,NSI,T1,S1#xmerl_scanner{namespace_conformant=NSC}};
	false ->
	    scan_name(Str, S)
    end.



%% [5] Name ::= (Letter | '_' | ':') (NameChar)*
scan_name([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_name(MoreBytes, S1) end, 
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_name(Str = [$:|T], S0 = #xmerl_scanner{namespace_conformant = NSC}) ->
    if NSC == false ->
	    ?bump_col(1),
	    scan_nmtoken(T, S, [$:], NSC);
       NSC == no_colons ->
	    ?fatal({invalid_NCName, lists:sublist(Str, 1, 6)}, S0);
       true ->
	    %% In order to conform with the "Namespaces in XML" spec,
	    %% we cannot allow names to begin with ":"
	    ?fatal({invalid_NCName, lists:sublist(Str, 1, 6)}, S0)
    end;
scan_name([$_|T], S0 = #xmerl_scanner{namespace_conformant = NSC}) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_nmtoken(T, S, [$_], NSC);
scan_name("%"++_T,S=#xmerl_scanner{environment=prolog}) ->
    ?fatal({error,{wfc_PEs_In_Internal_Subset}},S);
scan_name("%"++T,S0=#xmerl_scanner{environment={external,_}}) ->
    %% parameter entity that expands to a name
    ?bump_col(1),
    {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
    ExpRef = expand_pe_reference(PERefName, S1,as_PE),
    {_,T2,S2} = strip(ExpRef ++ T1,S1),
    scan_name(T2,S2);
scan_name(Str, S0 = #xmerl_scanner{namespace_conformant = NSC}) ->
    {Ch,T} = to_ucs(S0#xmerl_scanner.encoding,Str),
    case xmerl_lib:is_letter(Ch) of
	true ->
	    ?bump_col(1),
	    scan_nmtoken(T, S, [Ch], NSC);
	false ->
	    ?fatal({invalid_name, lists:sublist(Str, 1, 6)}, S0)
    end;
scan_name(Str, S) ->
    ?fatal({invalid_name, Str}, S).






scan_nmtoken(Str, S, Acc, NSC) ->
    scan_nmtoken(Str, S, Acc, _Prefix = [], _Local = Acc, NSC,isLatin1(hd(Acc),true)).

%% scan_nmtoken/2
%% [7] NmToken ::= (NameChar)+
scan_nmtoken([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_nmtoken(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_nmtoken("%"++T, S0=#xmerl_scanner{environment={external,_}}) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
    ExpRef = expand_pe_reference(PERefName, S1,as_PE),
    {_,T2,S2}  = strip(ExpRef ++ T1,S1),
    scan_nmtoken(T2,S2);
scan_nmtoken(Str, S) ->
    {Ch,T} = to_ucs(S#xmerl_scanner.encoding,Str),
    case xmerl_lib:is_namechar(Ch) of
	true ->
	    scan_nmtoken(T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = S#xmerl_scanner.col+1}, 
			 _Acc = [Ch], _Prefix = [], _Local = [Ch], 
			 _NamespaceConformant = false,isLatin1(Ch,true));
	false ->
	    ?fatal({invalid_nmtoken, lists:sublist(Str, 1, 6)}, S)
    end.


scan_nmtoken([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, 
	     Acc, Prefix, Local, NSC,IsLatin1) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_nmtoken(MoreBytes,S1,Acc,Prefix,Local,NSC,IsLatin1) end,
      fun(S1) -> {list_to_atom(lists:reverse(Acc)),
		  namespace_info(Prefix, Local),[],S1} end,
      S);
%% whitespace marks the end of a name
scan_nmtoken(Str = [H|_], S, Acc, Prefix, Local, _NSC,true) when ?whitespace(H) ->
    %% we don't strip here because the occurrence of whitespace may be an error
    %% e.g. <!ELEMENT spec (front, body, back ?)>
    NmString = lists:reverse(Acc),
    {list_to_atom(NmString), namespace_info(Prefix, Local), Str, S};
scan_nmtoken(Str = [$:|_], S, Acc, [], _Local, no_colons,_IsLatin1) ->
    ?fatal({invalid_NCName, 
	    lists:sublist(lists:reverse(Acc) ++ Str, 1, 6)}, S);
scan_nmtoken([$:|T], S0, Acc, [], Local, NSC, IsLatin1) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_nmtoken(T, S, [$:|Acc], lists:reverse(Local), [], NSC,IsLatin1);
scan_nmtoken(Str = [$:|_T], S, Acc, _Prefix, _Local, _NSC = true,_IsLatin1) ->
    %% non-empty Prefix means that we've encountered a ":" already.
    %% Conformity with "Namespaces in XML" requires 
    %% at most one colon in a name
    ?fatal({invalid_NCName, 
	    lists:sublist(lists:reverse(Acc) ++ Str, 1, 6)}, S);

%% non-namechar also marks the end of a name
scan_nmtoken(Str, S0, Acc, Prefix, Local, NSC,IsLatin1) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {Ch,T} = to_ucs(S#xmerl_scanner.encoding,Str),
    case {xmerl_lib:is_namechar(Ch),IsLatin1} of
	{true,_} ->
	    scan_nmtoken(T, S, [Ch|Acc], Prefix, [Ch|Local], NSC,isLatin1(Ch,IsLatin1));
	{_,true} ->
	    NmStr = lists:reverse(Acc),
	    {list_to_atom(NmStr), namespace_info(Prefix, Local), Str, S};
	_ ->
	    {lists:reverse(Acc), namespace_info(Prefix, Local), Str, S}
    end.

namespace_info([], _) ->
    [];
namespace_info(Prefix, Local) ->
    {Prefix, lists:reverse(Local)}.

isLatin1(_Ch,false) ->
    false;
isLatin1(Ch,_) when Ch > 255 ->
    false;
isLatin1(_,_) ->
    true.

%%%%%%% [11] SystemLiteral

scan_system_literal([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_system_literal(MoreBytes, S1) end, 
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_system_literal("\"" ++ T, S) ->
    scan_system_literal(T, S, $", []);
scan_system_literal("'" ++ T, S) ->
    scan_system_literal(T, S, $', []).


scan_system_literal([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, 
		    Delimiter, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_system_literal(MoreBytes,S1,Delimiter,Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_system_literal([H|T], S, H, Acc) ->
    {lists:reverse(Acc), T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = S#xmerl_scanner.col+1}};
scan_system_literal("#"++_R, S, _H, _Acc) ->
    %% actually not a fatal error
    ?fatal(fragment_identifier_in_system_literal,S);
scan_system_literal(Str, S, Delimiter, Acc) ->
    {Ch,T} = to_ucs(S#xmerl_scanner.encoding,Str),
    scan_system_literal(T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = S#xmerl_scanner.col+1}, 
			Delimiter, [Ch|Acc]).


%%%%%%% [12] PubidLiteral

scan_pubid_literal([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_pubid_literal(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_pubid_literal([H|T], S) when H == $"; H == $' ->
    scan_pubid_literal(T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = S#xmerl_scanner.col+1}, H, []);
scan_pubid_literal([H|_T], S) ->
    ?fatal({invalid_pubid_char, H}, S).


scan_pubid_literal([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, 
		   Delimiter, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_pubid_literal(MoreBytes,S1,Delimiter,Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_pubid_literal([H|T], S, H, Acc) ->
    {lists:reverse(Acc), T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = S#xmerl_scanner.col+1}};
scan_pubid_literal(Str = [H|_], S, Delimiter, Acc) when ?whitespace(H) ->
    %% Before matching public identifiers, all whitespace must be normalized,
    %% so we do that here
    {_, T, S1} = pub_id_strip(Str, S),
    scan_pubid_literal(T, S1, Delimiter, [16#20|Acc]);
scan_pubid_literal([H|T], S, Delimiter, Acc) ->
    case is_pubid_char(H) of
	true ->
	    scan_pubid_literal(
	      T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = S#xmerl_scanner.col+1}, 
	      Delimiter, [H|Acc]);
	false ->
	    ?fatal({invalid_pubid_char, H}, S)
    end.

%% We do not match whitespace here, even though they're allowed in public
%% identifiers. This is because we normalize this whitespace as we scan
%% (see above in scan_pubid_literal())
%%
is_pubid_char(X) when X >= $a, X =< $z -> true;
is_pubid_char(X) when X >= $A, X =< $Z -> true;
is_pubid_char(X) when X >= $0, X =< $9 -> true;
is_pubid_char(X) ->
    lists:member(X, "-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%").


%%%%%%% [46] contentspec

scan_contentspec([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_contentspec(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_contentspec("EMPTY" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(5),
    {empty, T, S};
scan_contentspec("ANY" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(3),
    {any, T, S};
scan_contentspec("%" ++ _T, S=#xmerl_scanner{environment=prolog}) ->
    ?fatal({error,{wfc_PEs_In_Internal_Subset}},S);
scan_contentspec("%" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
    ExpRef = expand_pe_reference(PERefName, S1,as_PE),
    {_,T2,S2}  = strip(ExpRef ++ T1,S1),
    scan_contentspec(T2, S2);
scan_contentspec("(" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    ?strip1,
    scan_elem_content(T1, S1);
scan_contentspec(_Str,S) ->
    ?fatal(unexpected_character,S).


%%%%%%% [47] children
%%%%%%% [51] Mixed

scan_elem_content(T, S) ->
    scan_elem_content(T, S, _Context = children, _Mode = unknown, _Acc = []).

scan_elem_content([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, 
		  Context, Mode, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes,S1) -> scan_elem_content(MoreBytes,S1,Context,Mode,Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_elem_content(")" ++ T, S0, Context, Mode0, Acc0) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {Mode, Acc} = case {Mode0, Acc0} of
		      {unknown, [_X]} ->
			  {seq, Acc0};
		      {M, _L} when M == seq; M == choice ->
			  {Mode0, lists:reverse(Acc0)}
		  end,
    {Occurrence, T1, S1} = scan_occurrence(T, S),
    vc_No_Duplicate_Types(S,Context,Acc),
    case {Occurrence, Context,Acc} of
	{once, mixed,['#PCDATA']} -> ok; % It is not ok when there are
                                         % more names than '#PCDATA'
                                         % and no '*'.
	{'*', mixed,_} -> ok;
	{Other, mixed,_} -> 
	    ?fatal({illegal_for_mixed_content, Other}, S1);
	_ ->
	    ok
    end,
    ?strip2,
    {format_elem_content({Occurrence, {Mode, Acc}}), T2, S2};
scan_elem_content("#PCDATA" ++ _T, S, not_mixed, _Mode, _Acc) ->
    ?fatal({error,{extra_set_of_parenthesis}},S);
scan_elem_content("#PCDATA" ++ _T, S, _Cont, Mode, Acc) 
  when Mode==choice;Mode==seq;Acc/=[] ->
    ?fatal({error,{invalid_format_of_mixed_content}},S);
scan_elem_content("#PCDATA" ++ T, S0, _Context, Mode, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(7),
    ?strip1,
    scan_elem_content(T1, S1, mixed, Mode, ['#PCDATA'|Acc]);
scan_elem_content("," ++ _T, S, _Context, choice, _Acc) ->
    ?fatal({mixing_comma_and_vertical_bar_in_content_model},S);
scan_elem_content("," ++ T, S0, Context, _Mode, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    ?strip1,
    scan_elem_content2(T1, S1, Context, seq, Acc);
scan_elem_content("|" ++ _T, S, _Context, seq, _Acc) ->
    ?fatal({mixing_comma_and_vertical_bar_in_content_model},S);
scan_elem_content("|" ++ T, S0, Context, _Mode, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    ?strip1,
    scan_elem_content2(T1, S1, Context, choice, Acc);
scan_elem_content(T, S, Context, Mode, Acc) ->
    scan_elem_content2(T, S, Context, Mode, Acc).

scan_elem_content2("(" ++ _T, S, mixed, _Mode, _Acc) ->
    ?fatal({error,
	{element_names_must_not_be_parenthesized_in_mixed_content}},S);
scan_elem_content2("(" ++ T, S0, Context, Mode, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    ?strip1,
    {Inner, T2, S2} = scan_elem_content(T1, S1, not_mixed, unknown, []),
    scan_elem_content(T2, S2, Context, Mode, [Inner|Acc]);
scan_elem_content2("%" ++ _T,S=#xmerl_scanner{environment=prolog},_Context,_Mode,_Acc) ->
    ?fatal({error,{wfc_PEs_In_Internal_Subset}},S);
scan_elem_content2("%" ++ T, S0, Context, Mode, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
    ExpRef = expand_pe_reference(PERefName, S1,as_PE),
    {_,T2,S2}=strip(ExpRef++T1,S1),
    scan_elem_content(T2, S2, Context, Mode, Acc);
scan_elem_content2(T, S, Context, Mode, Acc) ->
    {Name, _NameStr, T1, S1} = scan_name(T, S),
    {Occurrence, T2, S2} = scan_occurrence(T1, S1),
    case {Occurrence, Context} of
	{once, mixed} -> ok;
	{Other, mixed} -> 
	    ?fatal({illegal_for_mixed_content, Other}, S1);
	_ ->
	    ok
    end,
    ?strip3,
    mandatory_delimeter_wfc(T3,S3),
    NewAcc = [format_elem_content({Occurrence, Name}) | Acc],
    scan_elem_content(T3, S3, Context, Mode, NewAcc).


format_elem_content({once, What}) -> What;
format_elem_content(Other) -> Other.


scan_occurrence([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_occurrence(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_occurrence([$?|T], S0) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {'?', T, S};
scan_occurrence([$+|T], S0) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {'+', T, S};
scan_occurrence([$*|T], S0) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {'*', T, S};
scan_occurrence(T, S) ->
    {once, T , S}.

%%% Tests of Validity Constraints


%% first part of VC: Name Token
vc_Valid_Char(_AT,C,S) ->
    case xmerl_lib:is_namechar(C) of
	true ->
	    ok;
	_ ->
	    ?fatal({error,{validity_constraint_Name_Token,C}},S)
    end.



vc_ID_Attribute_Default(_,#xmerl_scanner{validation=Valid}) 
  when Valid /= dtd ->
    ok;  
vc_ID_Attribute_Default({_,'ID',_,Def,_},_S) 
  when Def=='#IMPLIED';Def=='#REQUIRED' ->
    ok;
vc_ID_Attribute_Default({_,'ID',_,Def,_},S) ->
    ?fatal({error,{validity_constraint_error_ID_Attribute_Default,Def}},S).

vc_Enumeration({_Name,{_,NameList},DefaultVal,_,_},S) 
  when is_list(DefaultVal) ->    
    case lists:member(list_to_atom(DefaultVal),NameList) of
	true ->
	    ok;
	_ ->
	    ?fatal({error,{vc_enumeration,list_to_atom(DefaultVal),NameList}},S)
    end;
vc_Enumeration({_Name,{_,_NameList},_DefaultVal,_,_},_S) ->
    ok.

vc_Entity_Name({_Name,'ENTITY',DefaultVal,_,_},S) when is_list(DefaultVal) ->
    Read = S#xmerl_scanner.rules_read_fun,
    case Read(entity,list_to_atom(DefaultVal),S) of
	{_,external,{_,{ndata,_}}} ->
	    ok;
	_ -> ?fatal({error,{vc_Entity_Name,list_to_atom(DefaultVal)}},S)
    end;
vc_Entity_Name({_Name,'ENTITY',_,_,_},_S) ->
    ok;
vc_Entity_Name({_,'ENTITIES',DefaultVal,_,_},S) when is_list(DefaultVal) ->
    Read = S#xmerl_scanner.rules_read_fun,
    NameListFun = fun([],Acc,_St,_Fun) ->
		       lists:reverse(Acc);
		  (Str,Acc,St,Fun) -> 
		       {N,_,St2,Str2} = scan_name(Str,St),
		       Fun(Str2,[N|Acc],St2,Fun)
	       end,
    NameList = NameListFun(DefaultVal,[],S,NameListFun),
    VcFun = 
	fun(X) ->
		case Read(entity,X,S) of
		    {_,external,{_,{ndata,_}}} ->
			ok;
		    _ -> ?fatal({error,{vc_Entity_Name,X}},S)
		end
	end,
    lists:foreach(VcFun,NameList);
vc_Entity_Name({_,'ENTITIES',_,_,_},_S) ->
    ok.

vc_No_Duplicate_Types(#xmerl_scanner{validation=dtd} = S,mixed,Acc) ->
    CheckDupl = 
	fun([H|T],F) ->
		case lists:member(H,T) of
		    true ->
			?fatal({no_duplicate_types_allowed,H},S);
		    _ -> F(T,F)
		end;
	   ([],_) -> ok
	end,
    CheckDupl(Acc,CheckDupl);
vc_No_Duplicate_Types(_,_,_) ->
    ok.


%%% Tests of Well-Formededness Constraints


mandatory_delimeter_wfc(","++_T,_S) ->
    ok;
mandatory_delimeter_wfc("|"++_T,_S) ->
    ok;
mandatory_delimeter_wfc(")"++_T,_S) ->
    ok;
mandatory_delimeter_wfc("%"++_T,_S) ->
    %% a parameter reference is ok
    ok;
mandatory_delimeter_wfc(T,S) ->
    ?fatal({comma_or_vertical_bar_mandatory_between_names_in_content_model,T},S).


wfc_unique_att_spec([],_S) ->
    ok;
wfc_unique_att_spec([#xmlAttribute{name=N,expanded_name=EN}|Atts],S) ->
    case lists:keymember(N,#xmlAttribute.name,Atts) of
	true ->
	    ?fatal({error,{unique_att_spec_required,N}},S);
	_ ->
	    case S#xmerl_scanner.namespace_conformant andalso
		    lists:keymember(EN, #xmlAttribute.expanded_name, Atts) of
		true ->
		    ?fatal({error,{unique_att_spec_required,EN}},S);
		_ ->
		    wfc_unique_att_spec(Atts,S)
	    end
    end.

wfc_legal_char(Chars,S) when is_list(Chars)->
    {Ch,Rest} = to_ucs(S#xmerl_scanner.encoding,Chars),
    case xmerl_lib:is_char(Ch) of
	true ->
	    {Ch,Rest};
	_ ->
	    ?fatal({error,{wfc_Legal_Character,Ch}},S)
    end;
wfc_legal_char(Ch,S) ->
    case xmerl_lib:is_char(Ch) of
	true ->
	    {Ch,[]};
	_ ->
	    ?fatal({error,{wfc_Legal_Character,Ch}},S)
    end.


wfc_whitespace_betw_attrs([WS |_]=L,S) when ?whitespace(WS) ->
    {L,S};
wfc_whitespace_betw_attrs([$/ |_]=L,S) ->
    {L,S};
wfc_whitespace_betw_attrs([$> |_]=L,S) ->
    {L,S};
wfc_whitespace_betw_attrs([],S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> wfc_whitespace_betw_attrs(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
wfc_whitespace_betw_attrs(_,S) ->
    ?fatal({whitespace_required_between_attributes},S).

wfc_Entity_Declared({external,_},S=#xmerl_scanner{standalone=yes},Name) ->
    ?fatal({reference_to_externally_defed_entity_standalone_doc,Name},S);
wfc_Entity_Declared({external,_},_S,_) ->
    ok;
wfc_Entity_Declared(_Env,_S,_) ->
    ok.

wfc_Internal_parsed_entity(internal,Value,S) ->
    %% WFC test that replacement text matches production content
    scan_content(Value,S#xmerl_scanner{environment=internal_parsed_entity},
		 _Name=[],[],S#xmerl_scanner.space,_Lang=[],_Prnt=[],
		 #xmlNamespace{});
wfc_Internal_parsed_entity(_,_,_) ->
    ok.

vc_Element_valid(_Name, {"xmlns", _},
		 S = #xmerl_scanner{namespace_conformant = true}) ->
    ?fatal({error,{illegal_element_prefix,xmlns}},S);
vc_Element_valid(Name, _, S) ->
    vc_Element_valid(Name, S).

vc_Element_valid(_Name,#xmerl_scanner{environment=internal_parsed_entity}) ->
    ok;
vc_Element_valid(Name,S=#xmerl_scanner{rules_read_fun=Read,
				       validation=dtd}) ->
    case Read(elem_def,Name,S) of
	#xmlElement{elementdef=undeclared} ->
	    ?fatal({error,{error_missing_element_declaration_in_DTD,Name}},S);        undefined ->
	    ?fatal({error,{error_missing_element_declaration_in_DTD,Name}},S);        _ -> ok
    end;
vc_Element_valid(_,_) ->
    ok.

%%%%%%% [74] PEDef


scan_pe_def([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, PEName) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_pe_def(MoreBytes, S1, PEName) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_pe_def("'" ++ T, S0, PEName) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_entity_value(T, S, $', PEName,parameter);
scan_pe_def("\"" ++ T, S0, PEName) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_entity_value(T, S, $", PEName,parameter);
scan_pe_def(Str, S, _PEName) ->
    scan_external_id(Str, S).


%%%%%%% [82] NotationDecl

scan_notation_decl(T, #xmerl_scanner{rules_write_fun = Write,
				     rules_read_fun=Read,
				     rules_delete_fun=Delete} = S) ->
    {Name, _NameStr, T1, S1} = scan_name_no_colons(T, S),
    {_,T2,S2} = mandatory_strip(T1,S1),
    {Def, T3, S3} = scan_notation_decl1(T2, S2),
    ?strip4,
    T5 = scan_mandatory(">",T4,1,S4,expected_end_tag_notation_declaration),
%    ">" ++ T5 = T4,
    case Read(notation,Name,S) of
	undeclared -> Delete(notation,Name,S4);
	_ -> ok
    end,
    S5 = Write(notation, Name, Def, S4),
    {T5, S5}.

scan_notation_decl1([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_notation_decl1(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_notation_decl1("SYSTEM" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(6),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {SL, T2, S2} = scan_system_literal(T1, S1),
    {{system, SL}, T2, S2};
scan_notation_decl1("PUBLIC" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(6),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {PIDL, T2, S2} = scan_pubid_literal(T1, S1),
    ?strip3,
    case T3 of
	">" ++ _ ->
	    {{public, PIDL}, T3, 
	     S3#xmerl_scanner{col = S3#xmerl_scanner.col+1}};
	_ ->
	    {SL, T4, S4} = scan_system_literal(T3, S3),
	    {{public, PIDL, SL}, T4, S4}
    end.

%%%%%%% [75] ExternalID

scan_external_id([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_external_id(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_external_id("SYSTEM" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(6),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {SL, T2, S2} = scan_system_literal(T1, S1),
    {{system, SL}, T2, S2};
scan_external_id("PUBLIC" ++ T, S0) ->
    ?bump_col(6),
    {_,T1,S1} = mandatory_strip(T,S),
    {PIDL, T2, S2} = scan_pubid_literal(T1, S1),
    {_,T3,S3} = mandatory_strip(T2,S2),
    {SL, T4, S4} = scan_system_literal(T3, S3),
    {{public, PIDL, SL}, T4, S4}.


%%%%%%% [9] EntityValue

%% Note that we have two different scan functions for EntityValue
%% They differ in that this one checks for recursive calls to the same
%% parameter entity.

scan_entity_value(Str, S, Delim, Name, Namespace) ->
    scan_entity_value(Str, S, Delim, _Acc = [], Name, Namespace,[]).


scan_entity_value([], S=#xmerl_scanner{environment={external,{entity,_}}},
		  _Delim,Acc,_,_,[]) ->
    {lists:flatten(lists:reverse(Acc)), [], S};
scan_entity_value([], S=#xmerl_scanner{environment={external,{entity,_}},
				       validation=dtd},
		  _Delim,_Acc,PEName,_,_) ->
    {{error,{failed_VC_Proper_Declaration_PE_Nesting,1,PEName}},[],S};
scan_entity_value([],S,
		  no_delim,Acc,_,_,[]) ->
    {lists:flatten(lists:reverse(Acc)),[],S};
scan_entity_value([],S=#xmerl_scanner{validation=dtd},
		  no_delim,_Acc,PEName,_,_PENesting) ->
    {{error,{failed_VC_Proper_Declaration_PE_Nesting,2,PEName}},[],S};
scan_entity_value([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, 
		  Delim, Acc, PEName,Namespace,PENesting) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) ->
	      scan_entity_value(MoreBytes,S1,
				Delim,Acc,PEName,Namespace,PENesting)
      end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_entity_value([Delim|T], S=#xmerl_scanner{validation=dtd},
		  Delim,_Acc,PEName,_NS,PENesting) when length(PENesting) /= 0 ->
    {{error,{failed_VC_Proper_Declaration_PE_Nesting,3,PEName}},T,S};
scan_entity_value([Delim|T], S0,
		  Delim, Acc, _PEName,_NS,_PENesting) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {lists:flatten(lists:reverse(Acc)), T, S};
scan_entity_value("%" ++ _T,S=#xmerl_scanner{environment=prolog},_,_,_,_,_) ->
    ?fatal({error,{wfc_PEs_In_Internal_Subset}},S);
% %% This is a PEdecl in an external entity
% scan_entity_value([$%,WS|T], S0, Delim, Acc, PEName,Namespace,PENesting) 
%   when ?whitespace(WS) ->
%     ?bump_col(2),
%     scan_entity_value(T, S, Delim, [WS,$%|Acc], PEName,Namespace,PENesting);
scan_entity_value("%" ++ T, S0, Delim, Acc, PEName,Namespace,PENesting) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {PERefName, T1, S1} = scan_pe_reference(T, S),
    if PERefName == PEName,Namespace==parameter ->
	    ?fatal({illegal_recursion_in_PE, PEName}, S1);
       true ->
	    {ExpandedRef,S2} = 
		case expand_pe_reference(PERefName, S1, in_literal) of
		    %% actually should pe ref be expanded as_PE but
		    %% handle whitespace explicitly in this case.
		    Tuple when is_tuple(Tuple) ->
			%% {system,URI} or {public,URI}
			%% Included in literal.
			{ExpRef,Sx}=fetch_not_parse(Tuple,S1),
			{EntV, _, S5} = 
		 	    scan_entity_value(ExpRef, Sx, no_delim,[],
					      PERefName,parameter,[]),
			%% should do an update Write(parameter_entity)
			%% so next expand_pe_reference is faster
			{string_to_char_set(S5#xmerl_scanner.encoding, EntV), S5};
		     ExpRef ->
			{string_to_char_set(S1#xmerl_scanner.encoding, ExpRef) ,S1}
		end,
	    %% single or duoble qoutes are not treated as delimeters
	    %% in passages "included in literal"
	    S3 = S2#xmerl_scanner{col=S2#xmerl_scanner.col+1},
	    {Acc2,_,S4} = scan_entity_value(ExpandedRef,S3,no_delim,Acc,
					    PEName,Namespace,[]),
% 	    {_,T2,S5} = strip(" "++T1,S4),
	    scan_entity_value(T1,S4#xmerl_scanner{line=S3#xmerl_scanner.line,
						  col=S3#xmerl_scanner.col},
			      Delim,lists:reverse(Acc2),
 			      PEName,Namespace,PENesting)
% 	    scan_entity_value(T1,S4,Delim,lists:reverse(Acc2),
% 			      PEName,Namespace,PENesting)
    end;
scan_entity_value("&" ++ T, S0, Delim, Acc, PEName,Namespace,PENesting) ->
    %% This is either a character entity or a general entity (internal
    %% or external) reference. An internal general entity shall not be
    %% expanded in an entity def XML1.0 section 4.5.
    ?bump_col(1),
    case T of
	"#"++_T ->
	    {ExpRef, T1, S1} = scan_reference(T, S),
	    Tok = pe_nesting_token(ExpRef++T1,Namespace,S1#xmerl_scanner.validation),
	    case markup_delimeter(ExpRef) of
		true ->
		    scan_entity_value(T1, S1, Delim, [ExpRef|Acc], PEName,
				      Namespace,pe_push(Tok,PENesting,S1));
		_ ->
		    ExpRef2 = string_to_char_set(S#xmerl_scanner.encoding,ExpRef),
		    scan_entity_value(ExpRef2 ++ T1, S1, Delim, Acc, PEName,
				      Namespace,pe_push(Tok,PENesting,S1))
	    end;
	_ -> %% General Entity is bypassed, though must check for
             %% recursion: save referenced name now and check for
             %% recursive reference after the whole entity definition is
             %% completed.
	    {Name, _NamespaceInfo, T1, S1} = scan_name(T,S),
	    T2=scan_mandatory(";",T1,1,S1,expected_entity_reference_semicolon),
	    S2=save_refed_entity_name(Name,PEName,S1),
	    scan_entity_value(T2,S2,Delim,[";",atom_to_list(Name),"&"|Acc],PEName,Namespace,PENesting)
    end;
%% The following clauses is for PE Nesting VC constraint
%% Start delimeter for ConditionalSection
scan_entity_value("<!["++T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName,parameter=NS,PENesting)->
    ?bump_col(3),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,["<!["|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_push("<![",PENesting,S));
%% Start delimeter for ConditionalSection (2)
scan_entity_value("["++T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName,parameter=NS,PENesting)->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,["["|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_push("[",PENesting,S));
%% Start delimeter for comment
scan_entity_value("<!--"++T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName,parameter=NS,PENesting)->
    ?bump_col(4),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,["<!--"|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_push("<!--",PENesting,S));
%% Start delimeter for ElementDecl, AttListDecl,EntityDecl,NotationDecl
scan_entity_value("<!"++ T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName, parameter=NS,PENesting) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,["<!"|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_push("<!",PENesting,S));
%% Start delimeter for PI
scan_entity_value("<?"++T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName, parameter=NS,PENesting) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,["<?"|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_push("<?",PENesting,S));
%% Start delimeter for elements that matches the proper stop delimeter
%% for a markupdecl
scan_entity_value("</"++T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName,parameter=NS,PENesting)->
    ?bump_col(2),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,["</"|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_push("</",PENesting,S));
scan_entity_value("<"++T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName,parameter=NS,PENesting)->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,["<"|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_push("<",PENesting,S));
%% Delimeter for contentspecs
scan_entity_value("("++T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName,parameter=NS,PENesting)->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,["("|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_push("(",PENesting,S));
%% Stop delimeter for ElementDecl, AttListDecl,EntityDecl,NotationDecl
scan_entity_value(">"++ T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName, parameter=NS,PENesting) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,[">"|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_pop(">",PENesting,S));
%% Stop delimeter for PI
scan_entity_value("?>"++ T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName, parameter=NS,PENesting) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,["?>"|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_pop("?>",PENesting,S));
%% Stop delimeter for comment
scan_entity_value("-->"++ T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName, parameter=NS,PENesting) ->
    ?bump_col(3),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,["-->"|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_pop("-->",PENesting,S));
%% Stop delimeter for ConditionalSection
scan_entity_value("]]>"++ T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName, parameter=NS,PENesting) ->
    ?bump_col(3),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,["]]>"|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_pop("]]>",PENesting,S));
%% Stop delimeter added to match a content start delimeter included
scan_entity_value("/>"++ T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName, parameter=NS,PENesting) ->
    ?bump_col(2),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,["/>"|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_pop("/>",PENesting,S));
scan_entity_value(")"++ T,S0,Delim,Acc,PEName, parameter=NS,PENesting) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    scan_entity_value(T,S,Delim,[")"|Acc],PEName,NS,
		      pe_pop(")",PENesting,S));
scan_entity_value("\n"++T, S, Delim, Acc, PEName,Namespace,PENesting) ->
    scan_entity_value(T, S#xmerl_scanner{line=S#xmerl_scanner.line+1}, 
		      Delim, ["\n"|Acc], PEName,Namespace,PENesting);
scan_entity_value(Str, S0, Delim, Acc, PEName,Namespace,PENesting) ->
    {Ch,T} = to_ucs(S0#xmerl_scanner.encoding,Str),
    case xmerl_lib:is_char(Ch) of
	true ->
	    ?bump_col(1),
	    scan_entity_value(T, S, Delim, [Ch|Acc], PEName,Namespace,PENesting);
	false ->
	    ?fatal({unexpected_char,Ch}, S0)
    end.



save_refed_entity_name(Name,PEName,S) ->
    case predefined_entity(Name) of
	true ->
	    S;
	_ ->
	    save_refed_entity_name1(Name,PEName,S)
    end.

save_refed_entity_name1(Name,PEName,
			S=#xmerl_scanner{entity_references=ERefs}) ->
    case lists:keysearch(PEName,1,ERefs) of
	{value,{_,Refs}} ->
	    NewRefs =
		case lists:member(Name,Refs) of
		    true ->Refs;
		    _ -> [Name|Refs]
		end,
	    S#xmerl_scanner{entity_references=lists:keyreplace(PEName,1,ERefs,
							       {PEName,NewRefs})
			   };
	_ ->
	    S#xmerl_scanner{entity_references=[{PEName,[Name]}|ERefs]}
    end.



pe_push(Tok,Stack,_S) when Tok=="<!";Tok=="<?";Tok=="<!--";Tok=="<![";
			   Tok=="[";Tok=="<";Tok=="</";Tok=="(" ->
    [Tok|Stack];
pe_push(Tok,Stack,#xmerl_scanner{validation=dtd}) 
  when Tok==")";Tok==">";Tok=="?>";Tok=="]]>";Tok=="-->";Tok=="/>"->
    [Tok|Stack];
pe_push(_,Stack,_S) ->
    Stack.

pe_pop(">",["<!"|Rest],_S) ->        Rest;
pe_pop("?>",["<?"|Rest],_S) ->       Rest;
pe_pop("-->",["<!--"|Rest],_S) ->    Rest;
pe_pop("]]>",["[","<!["|Rest],_S) -> Rest;
pe_pop("/>",["<"|Rest],_S) ->        Rest;
pe_pop(">",["<"|Rest],_S) ->         Rest;
pe_pop(">",["</"|Rest],_S) ->        Rest;
pe_pop(")",["("|Rest],_S) ->         Rest;
pe_pop(Token,_Stack,S=#xmerl_scanner{validation=dtd}) ->
    ?fatal({error,{failed_VC_Proper_Declaration_PE_Nesting,5,Token}},S);
pe_pop(_,Rest,_) ->
    Rest.

pe_nesting_token("<!"++_T,parameter,dtd) ->   "<!";
pe_nesting_token("<?"++_T,parameter,dtd) ->   "<?";
pe_nesting_token("<!--"++_T,parameter,dtd) -> "<!--";
pe_nesting_token("<!["++_T,parameter,dtd) ->  "<![";
pe_nesting_token("["++_T,parameter,dtd) ->    "[";
pe_nesting_token("("++_T,parameter,dtd) ->    "(";
pe_nesting_token(">"++_T,parameter,dtd) ->    ">";
pe_nesting_token("?>"++_T,parameter,dtd) ->   "?>";
pe_nesting_token("-->"++_T,parameter,dtd) ->  "-->";
pe_nesting_token("]]>"++_T,parameter,dtd) ->  "]]>";
pe_nesting_token(")"++_T,parameter,dtd) ->    ")";
pe_nesting_token("/>"++_T,parameter,dtd) ->   "/>";
pe_nesting_token(_,_,_) ->                     false.

predefined_entity(amp) ->  true;
predefined_entity(lt) ->   true;
predefined_entity(gt) ->   true;
predefined_entity(apos) -> true;
predefined_entity(quot) -> true;
predefined_entity(_) ->    false.

check_entity_recursion(EName,
		       S=#xmerl_scanner{entity_references=EntityRefList}) ->
    Set = sofs:family(EntityRefList),
    case catch sofs:family_to_digraph(Set, [acyclic]) of
	{'EXIT',{cyclic,_}} ->
	    ?fatal({illegal_recursion_in_Entity, EName}, S);
	DG ->
	    digraph:delete(DG),
	    ok
    end.




%%%%%%% [15] Comment
scan_comment(Str, S) ->
    scan_comment(Str, S, _Pos = undefined, _Parents = [], _Lang = []).

scan_comment(Str,S=#xmerl_scanner{col=C,event_fun=Event}, Pos, Parents, Lang) ->
    Comment = #xmlComment{pos = Pos,
			  parents = Parents,
			  language = Lang,
			  value = undefined},
    S1 = #xmerl_scanner{} = Event(#xmerl_event{event = started,
					       line = S#xmerl_scanner.line,
					       col = C,
					       pos = Pos,
					       data = Comment}, S),
    
    scan_comment1(Str, S1, Pos, Comment, _Acc = []).

scan_comment1([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F}, 
	     Pos, Comment, Acc) ->
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> scan_comment1(MoreBytes, S1, Pos, Comment, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> ?fatal(unexpected_end, S1) end,
      S);
scan_comment1("-->" ++ T, S0 = #xmerl_scanner{col = C,
					     event_fun = Event,
					     hook_fun = Hook}, 
	     _Pos, Comment, Acc) ->
    ?bump_col(3),
    Comment1 = Comment#xmlComment{value = lists:reverse(Acc)},
    S1=#xmerl_scanner{}=Event(#xmerl_event{event = ended,
						   line=S#xmerl_scanner.line,
						   col = C,
						   data = Comment1}, S),
    {Ret, S2} = Hook(Comment1, S1),
    {_,T3,S3}=strip(T,S2),
    {Ret,T3,S3};
scan_comment1("--"++T,S,_Pos,_Comment,_Acc) ->
    ?fatal({invalid_comment,"--"++[hd(T)]}, S);
scan_comment1("\n" ++ T, S=#xmerl_scanner{line = L}, Pos, Cmt, Acc) ->
    scan_comment1(T, S#xmerl_scanner{line=L+1,col=1},Pos, Cmt, "\n" ++ Acc);
scan_comment1("\r\n" ++ T, S=#xmerl_scanner{line = L}, Pos, Cmt, Acc) ->
    %% CR followed by LF is read as a single LF
    scan_comment1(T, S#xmerl_scanner{line=L+1,col=1}, Pos, Cmt, "\n" ++ Acc);
scan_comment1("\r" ++ T, S=#xmerl_scanner{line = L}, Pos, Cmt, Acc) ->
    %% CR not followed by LF is read as a LF
    scan_comment1(T, S#xmerl_scanner{line=L+1,col=1}, Pos, Cmt, "\n" ++ Acc);
scan_comment1(Str, S=#xmerl_scanner{col = C}, Pos, Cmt, Acc) ->
    {Ch,T} = wfc_legal_char(Str,S),
    scan_comment1(T, S#xmerl_scanner{col=C+1}, Pos, Cmt, [Ch|Acc]).

%%%%%%%

scan_markup_completion_gt([$>|_R]=T,S) ->
    {T,S};
scan_markup_completion_gt([$%|T],S0) ->
    ?bump_col(1),
    {Name,T1,S1} = scan_pe_reference(T,S),
    ExpandedRef =  expand_pe_reference(Name,S1,as_PE),
    {_,T2,S2} = strip(ExpandedRef++T1,S1),
    scan_markup_completion_gt(T2,S2);
scan_markup_completion_gt(T,S) ->
    ?fatal({error,{malformed_syntax_entity_completion,T}},S).


scan_mandatory(Pattern,T,N,S,ErrorMsg) ->
    case lists:prefix(Pattern,T) of
	true ->
	    lists:nthtail(N,T);
	_ ->
	    ?fatal(ErrorMsg,S)
    end.


strip(Str,S) ->
    strip(Str,S,all).

strip([], S=#xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F},_) ->
    ?dbg("cont()... stripping whitespace~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> strip(MoreBytes, S1) end,
      fun(S1) -> {[], [], S1} end,
      S);
strip("\s" ++ T, S=#xmerl_scanner{col = C},Lim) ->
    strip(T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = C+1},Lim);
strip("\t" ++ _T, S ,no_tab) ->
    ?fatal({error,{no_tab_allowed}},S);
strip("\t" ++ T, S=#xmerl_scanner{col = C},Lim) ->
    strip(T, S#xmerl_scanner{col = expand_tab(C)},Lim);
strip("\n" ++ T, S=#xmerl_scanner{line = L},Lim) ->
    strip(T, S#xmerl_scanner{line = L+1, col = 1},Lim);
strip("\r\n" ++ T, S=#xmerl_scanner{line = L},Lim) ->
    %% CR followed by LF is read as a single LF
    strip(T, S#xmerl_scanner{line = L+1, col = 1},Lim);
strip("\r" ++ T, S=#xmerl_scanner{line = L},Lim) ->
    %% CR not followed by LF is read as a LF
    strip(T, S#xmerl_scanner{line = L+1, col = 1},Lim);
strip(Str, S,_Lim) ->
    {[], Str, S}.

%% demands a whitespace, though a parameter entity is ok, it will
%% expand with a whitespace on each side.
mandatory_strip([],S) ->
    ?fatal({error,{whitespace_was_expected}},S);
mandatory_strip(T,S) when ?whitespace(hd(T)) ->
    strip(T,S,all);
mandatory_strip([$%|T],S) when ?whitespace(hd(T)) -> %this is not a PERefence, but an PEDeclaration
    ?fatal({error,{whitespace_was_expected}},S);
mandatory_strip([$%|_T]=T,S) ->
    {[],T,S};
mandatory_strip(_T,S) ->
    ?fatal({error,{whitespace_was_expected}},S).

%% strip but don't accept tab
pub_id_strip(Str, S) ->
    strip(Str,S,no_tab).


normalize("&"++T,S,IsNorm) ->
    case scan_reference(T, S) of
	{ExpRef, T1, S1} when ?whitespace(hd(ExpRef)) ->
	    ExpRef2 = string_to_char_set(S#xmerl_scanner.encoding,ExpRef),
	    normalize(ExpRef2++T1,S1,IsNorm);
	_ ->
	    {"&"++T,S,IsNorm}
    end;
normalize(T,S,IsNorm) ->
    case strip(T,S) of
	{_,T,S} ->
	    {T,S,IsNorm};
	{_,T1,S1} ->
	    {T1,S1,true}
    end.


%% Optimization: 
%% - avoid building list of spaces or tabs;
%% - avoid reverse; 
%% - compact two common indentation patterns.
%% Note: only to be called when a \n was found.
fast_accumulate_whitespace(" " ++ T, S, _) ->
    fast_acc_spaces(T, S, 1);
fast_accumulate_whitespace("\t"++T, S, _) ->
    fast_acc_tabs(T, S, 1);
fast_accumulate_whitespace("<"++_=R, S, _T) ->
    #xmerl_scanner{common_data = CD, line = Line} = S,
    {done, {element(3, CD), R, S#xmerl_scanner{col = 1, line = Line + 1}}};
fast_accumulate_whitespace(_, S, T) ->
    accumulate_whitespace(T, S, []).
    
fast_acc_spaces(" " ++ T, S, N) ->
    fast_acc_spaces(T, S, N + 1);
fast_acc_spaces(T, S, N) ->
    fast_acc_end(T, S, N, N, $\s, 1).

fast_acc_tabs("\t" ++ T, S, N) ->
    fast_acc_tabs(T, S, N + 1);
fast_acc_tabs(T, S, N) ->
    fast_acc_end(T, S, N, N * 8 + 1, $\t, 2).

fast_acc_end(T, S, N, Col, C, CD_I) ->
    #xmerl_scanner{common_data = CD, line = Line0} = S,
    Line = Line0 + 1,
    try 
        $< = hd(T),
        {done,{element(N, element(CD_I, CD)), T, 
               S#xmerl_scanner{col = Col, line = Line}}}
    catch _:_ -> 
        accumulate_whitespace(T, S, Line, Col, lists:duplicate(N, C)++"\n")
    end.
    

%%% @spec accumulate_whitespace(T::string(),S::global_state(),
%%%                             atom(),Acc::string()) -> {Acc, T1, S1}
%%%     
%%% @doc Function to accumulate and normalize whitespace.
accumulate_whitespace(T, S, preserve, Acc) ->
    accumulate_whitespace(T, S, Acc);
accumulate_whitespace(T, S, normalize, Acc) ->
    {_WsAcc, T1, S1} = accumulate_whitespace(T, S, []),
    {[$\s|Acc], T1, S1}.

accumulate_whitespace(T, S, Acc) ->
    #xmerl_scanner{line = Line, col = Col} = S,
    accumulate_whitespace(T, S, Line, Col, Acc).

accumulate_whitespace([], S0, Line, Col, Acc) ->
    #xmerl_scanner{continuation_fun = F} = S0,
    S = S0#xmerl_scanner{line = Line, col = Col},
    ?dbg("cont()...~n", []),
    F(fun(MoreBytes, S1) -> accumulate_whitespace(MoreBytes, S1, Acc) end,
      fun(S1) -> {Acc, [], S1} end,
      S);
accumulate_whitespace("\s" ++ T, S, Line, Col, Acc) ->
    accumulate_whitespace(T, S, Line, Col+1, [$\s|Acc]);
accumulate_whitespace("\t" ++ T, S, Line, Col, Acc) ->
    accumulate_whitespace(T, S, Line, expand_tab(Col), [$\t|Acc]);
accumulate_whitespace("\n" ++ T, S, Line, _Col, Acc) ->
    accumulate_whitespace(T, S, Line+1, 1, [$\n|Acc]);
accumulate_whitespace("\r\n" ++ T, S, Line, _Col, Acc) ->
    %% CR followed by LF is read as a single LF
    accumulate_whitespace(T, S, Line+1, 1, [$\n|Acc]);
accumulate_whitespace("\r" ++ T, S, Line, _Col, Acc) ->
    %% CR not followed by LF is read as a LF
    accumulate_whitespace(T, S, Line+1, 1, [$\n|Acc]);
accumulate_whitespace(Str, S, Line, Col, Acc) ->
    {Acc, Str, S#xmerl_scanner{line = Line, col = Col}}.

expand_tab(Col) ->
    Rem = (Col-1) rem 8,
    _NewCol = Col + 8 - Rem.

%% validation_mode(Validation)
%% Validation = off | dtd | schema | true | false
%% true and false are obsolete
validation_mode(false) ->
    off;
validation_mode(true) ->
    dtd;
validation_mode(Other) ->
    Other.


schemaLocations(El,#xmerl_scanner{schemaLocation=[]}) ->
    schemaLocations(El);
schemaLocations(El,#xmerl_scanner{schemaLocation=SL}) ->
    case SL of
	[{_,_}|_] ->
	    {ok,SL};
	_ ->
	    schemaLocations(El)
    end.

schemaLocations(#xmlElement{attributes=Atts,xmlbase=_Base}) -> 
    Pred = fun(#xmlAttribute{name=schemaLocation}) -> false;
	      (#xmlAttribute{nsinfo={_,"schemaLocation"}}) -> false;
	      (_) -> true
	   end,
    case lists:dropwhile(Pred,Atts) of
	[#xmlAttribute{value=Paths}|_] ->
	    
	    case string:tokens(Paths," \n\t\r") of
		L when length(L) > 0 ->
		    case length(L) rem 2 of
			0 ->
			    PairList = 
				fun([],_Fun) ->
					[];
				   ([SLNS,SLLoc|Rest],Fun) ->
					[{SLNS,SLLoc}|Fun(Rest,Fun)]
				end,
			    {ok,PairList(L,PairList)};
			_ ->
			    {error,{schemaLocation_attribute,namespace_location_not_in_pair}}
		    end;
		_ ->
		    {error,{missing_schemaLocation}}
	    end;
	[] ->
	    {error,{missing_schemaLocation}}
    end.

inherit_options(S) ->
    %%io:format("xsdbase: ~p~n",[S#xmerl_scanner.xmlbase]),
    [{xsdbase,S#xmerl_scanner.xmlbase}].

handle_schema_result({XSDRes=#xmlElement{},_},S5) ->
    {XSDRes,S5};
handle_schema_result({error,Reason},S5) ->
    ?fatal({failed_schema_validation,Reason},S5).

%%% Helper functions

fatal(Reason, S) ->
    exit({fatal, {Reason,
		  {file,S#xmerl_scanner.filename},
		  {line,S#xmerl_scanner.line},
		  {col,S#xmerl_scanner.col}}}).

%% preformat formats tokens in L1 and L2, L2 separated by Sep into a
%% list
preformat(L1,L2,Sep) ->
    Format1= lists:flatten(lists:duplicate(length(L1)-1,"~s ")++"~s"),
    Format2 = lists:flatten(lists:duplicate(length(L2)-1,
					    " ~s"++Sep)++" ~s"),

    lists:flatten(io_lib:format(Format1++Format2,L1++L2)).


%% BUG when we are many <!ATTLIST ..> balise none attributes has save in rules
rules_write(Context, Name, Value, #xmerl_scanner{rules = T} = S) ->
    case ets:lookup(T, {Context, Name}) of
	[] ->
	    ets:insert(T, {{Context, Name}, Value});
	_ ->
	    ok
    end,
    S.


rules_read(Context, Name, #xmerl_scanner{rules = T}) ->
    case ets:lookup(T, {Context, Name}) of
	[] ->
	    undefined;
	[{_, V}] ->
	    V
    end.

rules_delete(Context,Name,#xmerl_scanner{rules = T}) ->
    ets:delete(T,{Context,Name}).

to_ucs(Encoding, Chars) when Encoding=="utf-8"; Encoding == undefined ->
    utf8_2_ucs(Chars);
to_ucs(_,[C|Rest]) ->
    {C,Rest}.
    
utf8_2_ucs([A,B,C,D|Rest]) when A band 16#f8 =:= 16#f0,
			      B band 16#c0 =:= 16#80,
			      C band 16#c0 =:= 16#80,
			      D band 16#c0 =:= 16#80 ->
    %% 11110vvv 10vvvvvv 10vvvvvv 10vvvvvv
    case ((D band 16#3f) bor ((C band 16#3f) bsl 6) bor
	  ((B band 16#3f) bsl 12) bor ((A band 16#07) bsl 18)) of
	Ch when Ch >= 16#10000 ->
	    {Ch,Rest};
	Ch ->
	    {{error,{bad_character,Ch}},Rest}
    end;
utf8_2_ucs([A,B,C|Rest]) when A band 16#f0 =:= 16#e0,
			    B band 16#c0 =:= 16#80,
			    C band 16#c0 =:= 16#80 ->
    %% 1110vvvv 10vvvvvv 10vvvvvv
    case ((C band 16#3f) bor ((B band 16#3f) bsl 6) bor
	  ((A band 16#0f) bsl 12)) of
	Ch when Ch >= 16#800 ->
	    {Ch,Rest};
	Ch ->
	    {{error,{bad_character,Ch}},Rest}
    end;
utf8_2_ucs([A,B|Rest]) when A band 16#e0 =:= 16#c0,
			  B band 16#c0 =:= 16#80 ->
    %% 110vvvvv 10vvvvvv
    case ((B band 16#3f) bor ((A band 16#1f) bsl 6)) of
	Ch when Ch >= 16#80 ->
	    {Ch,Rest};
	Ch ->
	    {{error,{bad_character,Ch}},Rest}
    end;
utf8_2_ucs([A|Rest]) when A < 16#80 ->
    {A,Rest};
utf8_2_ucs([A|Rest]) ->
    {{error,{bad_character,A}},Rest}.

%% to_char_set("iso-10646-utf-1",Ch) ->
%%     [Ch];
%% to_char_set(UTF8,Ch) when UTF8 =:= "utf-8"; UTF8 =:= undefined ->
%%     ucs_2_utf8(Ch);
%% to_char_set(_,Ch) ->
%%     [Ch].

ucs_2_utf8(Ch) when Ch < 128 ->
    %% 0vvvvvvv
    [Ch];
ucs_2_utf8(Ch) when Ch < 16#0800 ->
    %% Ch: -----vvv vvvvvvvv
    %% 110vvvvv 10vvvvvv
    %% O1 = (Ch band 16#07c0) bsr 6,
    %% O2 = (Ch band 16#003f),
    [((Ch band 16#07c0) bsr 6) bor 16#c0,(Ch band 16#003f) bor 16#80];
ucs_2_utf8(Ch) when Ch < 16#10000 ->
    %% Ch: vvvvvvvv vvvvvvvv
    %% 1110vvvv 10vvvvvv 10vvvvvv
    %% O1 = (Ch band 16#f000) bsr 12
    %% O2 = (Ch band 16#0fc0) bsr 6
    %% O3 = (Ch band 16#003f)
    [((Ch band 16#f000) bsr 12) bor 16#e0,
     ((Ch band 16#0fc0) bsr 6) bor 16#80,
     (Ch band 16#003f) bor 16#80];
ucs_2_utf8(Ch) when Ch < 16#200000 ->
    %% Ch: ---vvvvv vvvvvvvv vvvvvvvv
    %% 11110vvv 10vvvvvv 10vvvvvv 10vvvvvv
    %% O1 = (Ch band 16#1c0000) bsr 18
    %% O2 = (Ch band 16#03f000) bsr 12
    %% O3 = (Ch band 16#000fc0) bsr 6
    %% O4 = (Ch band 16#00003f)
    [((Ch band 16#1c0000) bsr 18) bor 16#f0,
     ((Ch band 16#03f000) bsr 12) bor 16#80,
     ((Ch band 16#000fc0) bsr 6) bor 16#80,
     (Ch band 16#00003f) bor 16#80].


string_to_char_set(Enc,Str) when Enc =:= "utf-8"; Enc =:= undefined ->
    lists:flatten([ucs_2_utf8(X)||X <- Str]);
string_to_char_set(_,Str) ->
    Str.

%% diagnose(Line) ->
%%     Mem=erlang:memory(),
%%     {OldTot,OldLine} = get_total(),
%%     NewTot =
%%     case {lists:keysearch(total,1,Mem),OldTot*1.1} of
%% 	{{_,{_,Tot}},Tot110} when Tot > Tot110 ->
%% 	    io:format("From ~p to ~p, total memory: ~p (~p)~n",[OldLine,Line,Tot,OldTot]),
%% 	    Tot;
%% 	{{_,{_,Tot}},_} ->    
%% 	    Tot
%%     end,
%%     put_total({NewTot,Line}).

%% get_total() ->
%%     case get(xmerl_mem) of
%% 	undefined ->
%% 	    put(xmerl_mem,{0,0}),
%% 	    {0,0};
%% 	M -> M
%%     end.

%% put_total(M) ->
%%     put(xmerl_mem,M).